Post on 18-Sep-2020
NEW INTEGRATED KNOWLEDGE BASED APPROACHES TO THE PROTECTION
OF CULTURAL HERITAGE FROM EARTHQUAKE INDUCED RISK FP7-ENV-2009-1
COORDINATOR:
NIKER Workshop, Israel, December 16-17, 2012
Case Study
Monastery of Jerónimos,
Lisbon, Portugal
Paulo B. Lourenço
Universidade do Minho
Department of Civil Engineering
Guimarães, Portugal
Institute for Sustainability and Innovation in Structural Engineering
2 | Seismic safety assessment of the church of monastery of Jeronimos, Lisbon, Portugal Paulo B. Lourenço
Institute for Sustainability and Innovation in Structural Engineering
3 | Seismic safety assessment of the church of monastery of Jeronimos, Lisbon, Portugal Paulo B. Lourenço
The crown asset of
Portuguese heritage
buildings
Construction from 1499
Built with limestone
Considerable dimensions
in plan, more than 300
50 m2, and an average
height of 20 m (50 m in
the towers)
Evolves around two
courts. The larger court
is bordered by a long
arcade of two levels that
hosts the Ethnographic
Museum of Archaeology
and the Maritime
Museum. The smaller
court or the Cloister is
bordered by the Church,
the Sacristy, the Chapter
Room, the Refectory
Description
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4 | Seismic safety assessment of the church of monastery of Jeronimos, Lisbon, Portugal Paulo B. Lourenço
Gathered data
Local Seismicity
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5 | Seismic safety assessment of the church of monastery of Jeronimos, Lisbon, Portugal Paulo B. Lourenço
5
Views
3 4 6
5
5
1
2
Cross
-section
Church
Institute for Sustainability and Innovation in Structural Engineering
6 | Seismic safety assessment of the church of monastery of Jeronimos, Lisbon, Portugal Paulo B. Lourenço
Tiles removal for visual inspection
Wallets for supporting tiles (20th century)
Radar inspection
Ribs visual inspection
In situ investigation
Institute for Sustainability and Innovation in Structural Engineering
7 | Seismic safety assessment of the church of monastery of Jeronimos, Lisbon, Portugal Paulo B. Lourenço
Plan of the nave
Nave cross-sections
Longitudinal cross-section
Transept cross-section
In situ geometrical survey
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8 | Seismic safety assessment of the church of monastery of Jeronimos, Lisbon, Portugal Paulo B. Lourenço
Tilting of the columns and GPR of the columns
Institute for Sustainability and Innovation in Structural Engineering
9 | Seismic safety assessment of the church of monastery of Jeronimos, Lisbon, Portugal Paulo B. Lourenço
Modal Identification of the Church
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10 | Seismic safety assessment of the church of monastery of Jeronimos, Lisbon, Portugal Paulo B. Lourenço
Mode I
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11 | Seismic safety assessment of the church of monastery of Jeronimos, Lisbon, Portugal Paulo B. Lourenço
Mode II
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12 | Seismic safety assessment of the church of monastery of Jeronimos, Lisbon, Portugal Paulo B. Lourenço
Measure deformations and temperature variations of two columns
in the main nave
The system is focused on the columns structural observation,
because they are the best measure of the nave structural behavior
TS4
TS3
TS2
TS1
D
TS6
TS5
C2
C1
TS4 Instituto Português do
Património Arquitectónico
Direcção Regional de Lisboa
Escalas: 1/200 Data: Julho 2004
Processo: 04-DEC/E-?
Desenhou:
Requerente:
Ficheiro: Plano_Monitorizacao.dwg
Departamento de Engenharia Civil
Campus de Azurém
4800-058 Guimarães
Verificou:
Descrição: Desenho:
Nº03
- Todas as cotas devem ser confirmadas no local
Notas:
Igreja do Mosteiro dos Jerónimos
Plano de Monitorização
(Cortes)
Legenda:
Cablagem
SENSORES:
Clinómetro (número)
Temperatura na superfície (número)
Sistema de aquisição e armazenamento
de dados
Cn
TSn
D
TS1TS3
C2 C1
TS4 TS2
Static Monitoring System (I)
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13 | Seismic safety assessment of the church of monastery of Jeronimos, Lisbon, Portugal Paulo B. Lourenço
North Tiltmeter vs Temperature
-0.3
-0.2
-0.1
0.0
0.1
0.2
0.3
5.0
10
.0
15
.0
20
.0
25
.0
30
.0
35
.0
Temperature [ºC]
Rota
tio
n [
mm
/m]
North Tiltmeter
(Daily Moving Average)
-0.3
-0.2
-0.1
0.0
0.1
0.2
0.3
Sep
-05
Oct
-05
No
v-0
5
Dec
-05
Jan-0
6
Feb
-06
Mar
-06
Ap
r-0
6
May
-06
Jun
-06
Jul-
06
Au
g-0
6
Sep
-06
Oct
-06
No
v-0
6
Dec
-06
Jan-0
7
Feb
-07
Mar
-07
Ap
r-0
7
May
-07
Jun
-07
Date
Rota
tio
n [
mm
/m]
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
Tem
per
atu
re [
ºC]
North Tiltmeter
Temperature
Static Monitoring System (II)
Date
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14 | Seismic safety assessment of the church of monastery of Jeronimos, Lisbon, Portugal Paulo B. Lourenço
Accelerations measurements in two points: in the base and in the
main nave
Due to the different technical characteristics and sampling rates
data acquisitions, the dynamic monitoring system is physically
separated from the static one.
- Todas as cotas devem ser confirmadas no local
Notas:
Legenda:
Cablagem
SENSORES:
Clinómetro (número)
Temperatura na superfície (número)
Acelerómetro (número)
Sistema de aquisição e armazenamento
de dados
Cn
TSn
D
An
A1A2
10 m 20 m0 m
- Todas as cotas devem ser confirmadas no local
Notas:
Legenda:
Cablagem
SENSORES:
Clinómetro (número)
Temperatura na superfície (número)
Acelerómetro (número)
Sistema de aquisição e armazenamento
de dados
Cn
TSn
D
AnA1
Dynamic Monitoring System (I)
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15 | Seismic safety assessment of the church of monastery of Jeronimos, Lisbon, Portugal Paulo B. Lourenço
1st Frequency versus Temperature
3.5
3.6
3.7
3.8
3.9
4.0
4.1
4.2
5 10 15 20 25 30 35Temperature [ºC]
Fre
qu
ency
[H
z]
EstimatedModel98% CISeries4
Confidence Intevals
3.5
3.6
3.7
3.8
3.9
4.0
4.1
4.2
Feb
-05
Ap
r-0
5
Jun
-05
Au
g-0
5
Oct
-05
Dec
-05
Feb
-06
Ap
r-0
6
Jun
-06
Au
g-0
6
Oct
-06
Dec
-06
Feb
-07
Ap
r-0
7
Date
Fre
qu
ency
[H
z]EstimatedModel98% CIUpper CI
Dynamic Monitoring System (II)
Date
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16 | Seismic safety assessment of the church of monastery of Jeronimos, Lisbon, Portugal Paulo B. Lourenço
1
6 Full model with 135.000 dof
Modal superposition
Non-linear with equivalent
static loading
Load-displacement diagram
Nó 21747 Torre
0.43
0.87
1.34
2.48
3.48
4.71
11.36
25.49
22.60
16.11
0.0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
1.0
1.1
1.2
1.3
0.00 5.00 10.00 15.00 20.00 25.00 30.00
Deslocamento z (cm)
Fa
cto
r d
e C
arg
a
Deformed mesh
Details
Full Building Analysis
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17 | Seismic safety assessment of the church of monastery of Jeronimos, Lisbon, Portugal Paulo B. Lourenço
1
7
0.0
0.5
1.0
1.5
2.0
2.5
0.00 0.10 0.20 0.30
Vertical displacement (m)
Lo
ad F
acto
r
Column
Vault key
Load displacement diagram
Incremental deformed mesh
Non-linear Analysis:
Loading = Self-weight
ft = 0
fc, masonry = 6 N/mm2
fc, infill = 1 N/mm2
Nave Analysis
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18 | Seismic safety assessment of the church of monastery of Jeronimos, Lisbon, Portugal Paulo B. Lourenço
1
8
Load-displacement diagram Incremental deformed mesh
Max.
principal
strains
0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1
1.2
1.4
1.6
1.8
0 0.05 0.1 0.15 0.2 0.25 0.3
Vertical displacement (m)
Load F
acto
r
Min.
principal
stresses
Transept Analysis
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19 | Seismic safety assessment of the church of monastery of Jeronimos, Lisbon, Portugal Paulo B. Lourenço
Laboratory Testing
Stone and masonry testing
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20 | Seismic safety assessment of the church of monastery of Jeronimos, Lisbon, Portugal Paulo B. Lourenço
2
0
3D beam element model
Calibration of the model – Dynamic identification
Model for Dynamic Analysis
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21 | Seismic safety assessment of the church of monastery of Jeronimos, Lisbon, Portugal Paulo B. Lourenço
Seismic action vs. horizontal
displacement envelop for different nodes
Example of column response in
dynamic analysis
Example of collapse mechanism
Results
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22 | Seismic safety assessment of the church of monastery of Jeronimos, Lisbon, Portugal Paulo B. Lourenço
Vertical reaction in the columns
General view of the failure
mechanism
Failure mode for the church
5000 yrp earthquake
Rz nos pilares do pórtico central (5000_R2)
-4500
-4000
-3500
-3000
-2500
-2000
-1500
-1000
-500
0
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22
tempo (s)
Rz
[kN
]
Norte (nó 3633)
Sul (nó 3651)
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23 | Seismic safety assessment of the church of monastery of Jeronimos, Lisbon, Portugal Paulo B. Lourenço
Vertical loading
North façade South façade
Virtual Collapse
Mechanisms
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24 | Seismic safety assessment of the church of monastery of Jeronimos, Lisbon, Portugal Paulo B. Lourenço
2
4
Possible Strengthening Measures
1: Pre-stress the columns
2: Load transfer
3: Increase column strength
Case Study
Monastery of
Jerónimos,
Lisbon, Portugal
Paulo B. Lourenço
pbl@civil.uminho.pt
www.civil.uminho.pt/masonry