Post on 07-Apr-2016
Universidade Estadual Paulista “Júlio de Mesquita Filho” campus de Rio Claro
PPGEB-Programa Pós-Graduação em Ecologia e Biodiversidade
◦ Construction of compensation mechanisms for environmental services in the sugarcane belt of the São Paulo state through participatory methods
Stimulus :Ecosystem services, sugarcane area, implementation mechanisms of the - Payment for Ecosystem services
Goals;
Material and Methods;
Preliminary results;
Preliminary considerations
Next steps
Regulating services
Provising services
Cultural services
Supporting services
Fonte: Lapola et al, 2013
Região de Rio Claro (2007/2008)
Produção alimentos
Produção cana-de-açúcar
Agricultural Production
Units
990 + - 90% +-10%
Crop area (ha)
+-20% + - 80%
Fonte: INPE
Cracking Brazil’s Forest Code, Science
Fonte: Soares Filho et al, 2014
Fonte: Banks-Leite et al, 2014
identify valuation Fund forms to institutionalize OPERACIONALIZATION
Construction of compensation mechanisms for environmental services in the sugarcane belt of the São Paulo state through participatory methods
Operationalization of ecosystem services: opportunities involving bioenergy production and mandatory native vegetation areas in interior São Paulo
Operationalization of natural capital and ecosystem services: from concepts to real world applications
Social
Economic
Environmental
Synergies
Goals Geral: To investigate operationalization and compensation mechanisms to Ecosystem Services through of the stakeholders perception and opinions.
Food producers Sugarcane producers
Decision makersScientist
Specific goals
A) To relate the consensus views on PES involving the decision makers of the local political and of the producers (food and sugarcane).
B-) To analyze ways to minimize or even avoid negative externalities generated by PES implementation policy.
C) Identify the possible economic returns for farmers from the development of these action plans to PES.
Material e MethodsStudy area (Rio Claro e Limeira) sugarcane belt
Data collection:
Semi structure interviews
Direct observations
Workshops
Reunion with decision makers
Data analyses: Triangulation methods
results
Interviews and Workshops
Statistical analyses
Direct observation
A-) Relacionar as opiniões consensuais sobre PSA que envolvem os tomadores de decisão da região e dos produtores de alimentos e cana-de-açúcar
ID Questão
1 In your perception, Are there Ecosystem Services in your farm? What?
2 Is possible to measure it (ES)?
3 How could you value the Ecosystem Services provided in your farm?
4 Do you think that have threats to maintenance and protection of the Ecosystem Services in the your farm?
5 In your opinion, What could be the financial source to pay farmers that provide such Ecosystem Services?
6What are the bigger obstacles, in your opinion, to proceed to environmental compensation into the region? Can you help overcome them?
Você já ouviu falar sobre SA? Alimentos CanaTotal Geral
NÃO 15,6% 9,4% 25,0%
NÃO SABE INFORMAR 3,1% 0,0% 3,1%
SIM 43,8% 28,1% 71,9%
Total Geral 62,5% 37,5% 100,0%
Vegetação nativaÁgua
Floresta plantada (e
ucalipto ou ca
fezal)
Biodiversidade anim
al
Poliniza
dor
Disperso
res de se
mente
Controle biológico
de pragas
Outros*²
Não inform
ou0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
Alimentos Cana-de-açúcar
TotalFq
dos
SA
(%)
ID Questão
1 In your perception, Are there Ecosystem Services in your farm? What?
2 Is possible to measure it (ES)?
3 How could you value the Ecosystem Services provided in your farm?
4 Do you think that have threats to maintenance and protection of the Ecosystem Services in the your farm?
5 In your opinion, What could be the financial source to pay farmers that provide such Ecosystem Services?
6 What are the biggest obstacles, in your opinion, to proceed to environmental compensation into the region? Can you help overcome them?
alim
ento
sca
na
0.0% 2.0% 4.0% 6.0% 8.0% 10.0% 12.0% 14.0% 16.0% 18.0% 20.0%
Restauração
valor=abatimento de imposto
valor entre 200 a 500$/ha/ano/área preservada
valor de existência
Salário mínimo/ área preservada/mês
Não Sabe informar
incentivo fiscal, desconto por imposto, facilitação de crédito
custo de oportunidade
ID Questão
1 In your perception, Are there Ecosystem Services in your farm? What?
2 Is possible to measure it (ES)?
3 How could you value the Ecosystem Services provided in your farm?
4 Do you think that have threats to maintenance and protection of the Ecosystem Services in the your farm?
5 In your opinion, What could be the financial source to pay farmers that provide such Ecosystem Services?
6 What are the biggest obstacles, in your opinion, to proceed to environmental compensation into the region? Can you help overcome them?
Ameaças aos Serviços Ambientais nas propriedades por categoria de produção
alimentos 63,64%agrotóxicos advindos da cana 9,09%agrotóxicos advindos da cana+caça de animais 4,55%agrotóxicos advindos da cana+contaminação da cerâmica 9,09%
assoreamento dos rios por atividade da usina e contaminação química das indústrias 4,55%fogo 18,18%fogo+agrotóxicos advindos da cana 4,55%fogo+agrotóxicos advindos da cana 4,55%fogo+agrotóxicos dos vizinhos+resíduos da poluição urbana 4,55%perda de hábitat animal pela conversão de área p cana 4,55%
cana 36,36%contaminação da cerâmica 4,55%fogo 22,73%fogo+caça de animais 4,55%
porco estraga a nascente, as pessoas jogam lixo e utilizam drogas na ponte da minha propriedade 4,55%
Total Geral 100,00%
ID Questão
1 In your perception, Are there Ecosystem Services in your farm? What?
2 Is possible to measure it (ES)?
3 How could you value the Ecosystem Services provided in your farm?
4 Do you think that have threats to maintenance and protection of the Ecosystem Services in the your farm?
5 In your opinion, What could be the financial source to pay farmers that provide such Ecosystem Services?
6 What are the biggest obstacles, in your opinion, to proceed to environmental compensation into the region? Can you help overcome them?
Alguma forma de governo (federal
e/ou estadual e/ou municipal)
concessionária de energia e água
Indústria poluidora Sociedade0.00%
10.00%
20.00%
30.00%
40.00%
50.00%
60.00%
70.00%
alimentos
cana
Preliminary considerations
Área de alto potencial agrícola, reforça a necessidade de incentivo para conservação;
Produtores reconhecem os SA e seus múltiplos benefícios;
Incentivo monetário é atraente;
Produtores acreditam que recurso deve vir do governo, isso gera embate de opiniões por hora é o maior desafio para implementação de PSA;
Próximos passos
Reunião dos dados do II Workshop afim de dar continuidade nos objetivos b e c;
Análise estatística multivariada;
Estágio pesquisa no exterior Escócia, baseado nas entrevistas com produtores locais;