13- Problemas Atuais - Pietro Ubaldi (Volume Revisado e Formatado em PDF para iPad_Tablet_e-Reader)

8/3/2019 13- Problemas Atuais - Pietro Ubaldi (Volume Revisado e Formatado em PDF para iPad_Tablet_e-Reader)

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R[HK@OLES EQ_EIS

I* HS N_IES AH L_JAH **************************************************************************************************** 5

II* CGODOC[QICE AO LEU_IETO@ *********************************************************************** 5>

III* JHTH GHLOL ************************************************************************************************************ 14

IT* R[HK@OLE AE OSQEKI@IAEAO LHJOQ[IE ************************************************** >3

T* H[IOJQEOS QO[ER_QICES O REQHNJOSO AH CEJCO[ ********************* 92

TI* QOH[IE AE [OOJCE[JEH '5e Re{qo) ************************************************************* 55;

TII* E QOH[IE AE [OOJCE[JEH ';e Re{qo) ******************************************************* 537

TIII* H @IT[H QIKOQEJH AHS LH[QHS 'Qcjice ae [oojce{jeh) ****************** 545

Tiae o Hk{e ao Rioq{h _ke`ai 'Sijhrso)**************************************************************************** 571


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Rioq{h _keài R[HK@OLES EQ_EIS 5

I* HS N_IES AH L_JAH

Qah `qe je tiae* Osqe re{oco uo{o{ owr{ili{so shk{oqah ol dh{le ao`qe o owo{ciqe{ aosqe lejoi{e e se leih{ eqitiaeao* E tiae le chjqje

qojsh re{e tojco{ ol ueùo{ rèjh* Jes ses desos leis r{iliqites, tojco{e do{e ijiline= je eqe` deso ao tiae ol shcioaeao, tojco{ h r{wilh, e dil aosrèjq`h= jh kiqirh ah sro{ghlol, tojco{ re{e skfne{ o sro{e{ es òisijdo{ih{os ae ejileìaeao o ae{ eh ljah jhtes ai{oq{ivos* @qe re{e tojco{,h sofe, re{e oòte{so, escojao{, oth`to{* E òi sr{ole ae oth`h qhle edh{le ao `qe aososro{eae re{e {oli{so ae ah{ o ah le` o chjuisqe{ e doìciaeao* Osqe so ojchjq{e osc{iqe o e{ao ro{ojolojqo jh djah ae e`le gleje,chlh l ijsqijqh, l ejsoih ijowqijnto`, l shjgh, le d= chlh le qh

rie uo sekolhs dni{ `hjnjue o ijeqijnto`, les je ue` h ghlol hk{ineah e c{o{, chjq{e qhaes es ere{jcies o aidicàeaos, eq eh aososro{h* Isqh rh{uo, sol qe` d jl dq{h lo`gh{, loslh uo re{oe `hc{e, h ghlol jhleis qo{ie chjdh{qh je deaine ao escojao{, jol dijeìaeao je se celijgeae,jol `v e`nle ao osro{eje jh elejg*

Sh, rh{ issh, ilrh{qejqos oòlojqhs e qhrie o e d, devojah re{qo ijqon{ejqo ae locjice ae tiae* Rh{ leis uo aosr{ovol qah issh hs cqichs o hs r{qichs rhsiqiths, so owisqo isqh je tiae, e`nle djh aoto qo{, uo fsqelojqoejqocire{ h dq{h* E s{io aes losuijges, i`s{ies o ijsqtois euisios uoosqh eh jhssh e`cejco je tiae qo{{oje jh sdiciojqo re{e ae{ dijeìaeao ofsqidiceh e qhah h ilojsh q{eke`gh uo {oeìve e jhsse owisqjcie, chlh ijaitahs o chlh shcioaeao* O jh rhaolhs aivo{ uo titolhs re{e shd{o{ oro{ao{ qolrh ijqi`lojqo* So qhah dojlojh o ceae eqh jhssh sh l celijghre{e le dijeìaeao, chlh rhao{iel h dojlojh o h eqh lwilh, uo sh ejhsse tiae o h djcihjelojqh ah jito{sh, aoiwe{ ao qo{ le dijeìaeao8 Rh{

leis osc{h uo sofe h dq{h, e qhrie o e d sh le rhjqo èjeae shk{o osseosc{iah, e dil ao shjaè o so{ti{ chlh erhih re{e so chjsq{i{ joè, r{hrh{h ol uo oè so qh{je r{osojqo ro`h jhssh er{hwile{so*

[osrhjaol, rhis, e qhrie o e d e jocossiaeaos c{ieah{es, {or{osojqejahto{aeaoi{es djos kih`nices ao shjaenol jh aoschjgociah o ao r{ore{ehre{e h rh{ti{* E `qe ro`h iaoe`, isqh , roè sro{eh aes to`ges dh{les aotiae, e dil ao r{hn{oai{, {oeìvejah hq{es leis oth`tiaes o ero{doiheaes, eleis oòteae aes dh{les ao `qe roè tiae* So, jhs r{iloi{hs aon{es ae oth`

h kih`nice, qe` `qe chjsisqo erojes ol se`te{, rh{ ueùo{ loih {ao o


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Rioq{h _keài R[HK@OLES EQ_EIS ;

do{hv, e r{r{ie owisqjcie chjq{e hs oòlojqhs ghsqis o h esse`qh aes do{es, o,ghfo, osqe losle `qe essli dh{les ao chlroqih rh`qice o ochjlice,r{r{ies ae tiae shcie`, oè rhao essli{, jh ojqejqh, re{e e`njs kiqirhs leiseaiejqeahs, hq{e dh{le, je ue` e `qe so ai{ino eh èah glejh leis ijth`

ah, osrocdich ah r{iliqith do{hv, èah uo eijae shk{otito ol jhsshs ijsqijqhs* Q{eqeso ao `qe re{e sro{e{ h rèjh kih`nich ah ejile`, ao uo dev re{qoeijae h jhssh ch{rh dsich* Sinjidice isqh ìko{qe{so aes dh{les ao owisqjcieijdo{ih{, re{e qo{ ecossh e hq{es sro{ih{os, jh s je dh{le ao r{hn{ossh ijaitiae` ao uol {oeìve osse `qe, les qelkl je dh{le ao r{hn{ossh chòqith re{e hs rhths, nieahs essil e dh{les leis othàes ao chjtitjcie*

Q{eqejahso ojqh ao to{aeaoi{es djos kih`nices, e tiae es chjdie e e`nles c`ès ah h{nejislhglejiaeao, chjsqiqaes rh{ oòlojqhs osrocie

ìveahs o soòcihjeahs, chlh echjqoco re{e es c`ès jo{thses ah ch{rh glejh* R{hav essil e tiae, ol uejqiaeao o ueìaeao r{hrh{cihjeaes ehqolrh o eh q{eke`gh e owocqe{, e`njs qirhs ao sro{ghlojs, re{qicè{lojqoerqhs e osses djos* Oòs rhaol qhle{ e dh{le ao go{is, njihs h sejqhs*Se djh rhao lejidosqe{so ol t{ies dh{les, ao ech{ah chl h `ne{, erhce o es {oeìveos e owocqe{* Sh hs leih{os `qeah{os, rh{uo so r{hrol jh e skfne{ es do{es ijilines h sos solo`gejqos, les e sro{e{ òiso dh{les ao tiae ao l rèjh kih`nich, re{e r{ ol r{qice òis o dh{les aotiae ao l rèjh leis eaiejqeah ao oth`h* Oòs aosro{qel ol si o je glejiaeao ueìaeaos èqojqos eijae eah{lociaes o ah le ai{oh chjqjeq{ejsdh{leh ahs ijsqijqhs, ijaicejah h ilrhjah jhths gkiqhs, uo aorhis,roè `hjne {oroqih, eq{ets ae qcjice ahs eqhleqislhs, diwelso chlh ueìaeaos jhtes* Aosso lhah, oòs ilr`sihjel e glejiaeao ceae tov re{eleis `hjno ae do{hciaeao, ae injh{jcie, ah onhslh, ae leqo{ieìaeao, o solr{o re{e leis r{wilh ae khjaeao, ae ijqoìnjcie, ah e`q{slh ah ghlol

chòqith, ae osri{iqeìaeao* Rhaol essli{ e dh{le ao chjaqh{os ao rhths,ao n{ejaos rojseah{os, ciojqisqes, e{qisqes, l{qi{os ah iaoe` o ah aoto{, lsqichs, sejqhs* Les, ao ueùo{ lhah, olo{nol ojsejnojqeahs aes leis a{esowro{ijcies o èjel h jhth n{iqh ah rh{ti{* Chlh e d`h{, oòs sh h r{haqhaosqièah ae {ee* Ejjciel, ro{ch{{ol o devol ro{ch{{o{ jhths celijghs,re{e jhths gh{ivhjqos* Sh to{aeaoi{hs resqh{os ah {okejgh glejh, uo, aohq{e dh{le, ro{lejoco{ie solr{o th`qeah e resqe{ chl e cekoe ijcìjeaere{e e qo{{e, so jich ejsoih*


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Ossos ghlojs ao owcoh ro{shjidicel h t{qico ah a{ele aes aos`hceosoth`qites h {othòs kih`nices* Ressel jh cic`h ae tiae chlh l {eihuo i`lije al owq{olh e hq{h e qo{{e osc{e, aijelivejah e lesse ijo{qoae ce{jo ah t`nh glejh* Oòs sh e cojqo`ge ah osr{iqh uo titidice es dh{

les ae leq{ie* Sh hs leih{os tojcoah{os rh{uo {oeìvel o tojcol e `qeleis e`qe, uo ilr`sihje{ e glejiaeao re{e h r{hn{ossh* Sh hs n{ejaos aetiae, uo hs dov leis dh{qos o `gos chjdie q{eke`ghs ao ninejqo* H so q{eke`gh {os`qeah ao eqiqaos sro{ih{os, ao thjqeao ao do{{h, ao i{{osisqto` reiwh ro`hkol, ao deaine e{aojqolojqo aosofeae, qojev o chjto{nojqo* H ghlol jh{le`,ilo{sh jes keqe`ges ah chjqijnojqo chqiaiejh, injh{e osses `qes erhce`rqices,{oeìveaes jh qo{{ojh ae oth`h, re{e ski{ e Aos* Q{olojae ch{enol jocoss{ie re{e etojq{e{so chjq{e es dh{es kih`nices, re{e e{{ejce{ h so{ ao

l rèjh ijdo{ih{ o e{{esq`h e l sro{ih{* Les s essil rhssto` sro{e{es ke{{oi{es uo eq{esel e escojsh o e{{hlke{ es rh{qes ao l ljah leisoòteah re{e ojq{e{ rh{ oès*

Ossos ghlojs sro{ih{os sh solr{o nies ah ljah, eijae uo jh ro{qojel cèsso ahs chjaqh{os rh`qichs ahs rhths* Jh s jh qo{{ojh rh`qich uo aoto eaiejqe{so h ljah, les ol qhahs hs celrhs ah so l`qidh{lor{hn{ossh* Qh{jelso ossos ghlojs ijsq{lojqhs ae tiae, rh{ loih ahs ueisoè {oeìve sos dijs* Devolso ijq{r{oqos ao sos aosnjihs o owocqh{os aosos rèjhs* Ql solr{o, rh{ issh, jhte lojsenol e chljice{ glejiaeao, o e se djh solr{o ao lhaoèah{os, ueùo{ uo sofe h so qirh re{qicè{ o e lissh e owocqe{* solr{o ehs leis eaiejqeahs uo chlroqo, rh{dh{e ae òi ae tiae, nie{ h ljah ol qhaes es ses dh{les* Essil uo{ etiae, o ao deqh echjqoco essil, loslh uo oòs jh qojgel h rhao{ rh`qich,kìch h ochjlich, o eijae uo sos solo`gejqos hs {ojonol o leqol* le {oeìaeao kih`nice ijaiscqto` h deqh ao so{ol oòs leis othàhs ol

{oèh laie, o isqh liqh ilrh{qejqo re{e e tiae o ses dijeìaeaos* Eslesses jeae sekol, sojah essil òteaes e aoshkoaoc`hs, rh{uo oòs shaido{ojqos o aoès so aisqejcie{el roè oth`h* Es lesses ecgeljhs aido{ojqos rh{uo oòs re{qicirel rhch ol sos tcihs o aodoiqhs, uo qejqh i{lejel hs ijdo{ih{os* Rh{ issh r{hc{el {ofoiq`hs o, s tovos, hs ro{sonol eqleq`hs*

Osqe e `qe q{nice ahs leis othàhs chjq{e hs lojhs othàhs, e dil aodev`hs r{hn{oai{, fsqelojqo osqos, uo aosofe{iel ahlije{ o so f`nel lh

ao`h ao tiae, kiqirh owolrè{* H qirh jh{le`, eijae ghfo ao te`h{ qh atiah


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sh, jh chjsiao{eah chlh h uo qhahs aoto{iel so{8 O uol jh essil ejh{le`* Ojqh qhahs so er{ossel e ojq{e{ jes diès ae jh{leìaeao, rhchilrh{qejah uejqh te`ge oè, chjqejqh uo jh diuol ishèahs o, rh{qejqh,dh{e ae òi o chjaojeahs* H rosh q{olojah ae injh{jcie ae n{ejao lesse g

leje h èsq{h ojh{lo uo rojao ahs hlk{hs ah leis othàh uo qojqe jhths celijghs, chl {ischs o ro{inhs sos erojes, eh ressh uo hs hq{hs dicele h`ge{, r{hjqhs re{e chjaoj`h `hnh uo ceie, r{hjqhs re{e en{oai`h rh{ ijtofe `hnh uo oò q{ijdo* Chl osso rosh s chsqes, uo {or{osojqe h lishjoslh, ij{cie ah resseah, oò aoto ski{ hs jn{olos aon{es ae oth`h shvijgh* E so èah osqh erojes es dh{es ae tiae, h rojselojqh ae gisq{ie, ethjqeao ao Aos, uo ilro h r{hn{ossh*

Osso ghlol aoto ojd{ojqe{ o chjsoni{ sro{e{ qhaes es {osisqjcies uo

`go hrol hs sos solo`gejqos, erose{ ao jol loslhs oòs seko{ol rh{u,les uo e tiae se chlh loih ao to{idiceh ah te`h{ ah osch`giah, uo aotoae{ r{hte ao seko{ tojco{, aeah uo h e`qh lhjqo ae oth`h qol uo so{ osceèah loaiejqo osdh{h jhssh* Uejah, tojcojah qah chl ses dh{es, hghlol sro{ih{ a r{htes ao s`h to{aeaoi{elojqo, ojqh es l`qiaos inje{es, qelkl aosse tov sol seko{ rh{u, h er{htel o owe`qel rh{ l ijsqijqhr{hdjah, chlejaeah roè tiae* Ojqh, euoè losle aisqjcie uo ejqos esedesqete ah qirh leis oòiqh, h uo enh{e es eq{ei, rhis, josqo cesh, aisqjciesinjidice fsqelojqo rhsih leis etejeae, h uo e tiae, ol so ijsqijqh,ecoiqe, {osroiqe o owe`qe* Rh{qejqh es l`qiaos qelkl ecoiqel, {osroiqel oowe`qel qe` so{* Qah je tiae qiìq{ih* Oès devol issh rh{uo r{ocisel ahsro{ghlol, o h kscel rh{uo oò e jice ejqoje ae tiae, h rihjoi{h ahrh{ti{, h jich resqh{ uo es rhao nie{* Es l`qiaos osqh solr{o osro{eao cgodos, ao lhaoèah{os, ao chjaqh{os ol ueùo{ celrh, re{e seko{ huo aotol devo{* Jocossiqel o r{hc{el l lhao`h re{e iliqe{, l ònisè

ah{ uo osqekoòe e jh{le uo aotol soni{ je tiae, rhis kol rhchs sekoleni{ shvijghs* Rh{ issh solr{o osqh osro{e, hkso{tel o, uejah h ecgel,htol, {ocokol, kokol o essilièl* Essil, so h ghlol osch`giah eaoueah o, chl e se tiq{ie, ao r{hte ao te`h{, ojqh es l`qiaos h chjsqiqolso lhao`h iaoe`, se kejaoi{e o ah`h, shk{o h ue` r{hfoqel o chjcojq{el esses esri{eos, uo e tiae dev jesco{ ol so ijsqijqh jeuoè gh{e, re{e e`ceje{ se dijeìaeao, uo hkqo{ r{hn{ossh* Dh{leso ojqh aosso ghlol eòjae, h liqh, e aitijiveh, ol uo ro{lejoco h ossojcie` aoò, h te`h{ kih

`nich, h ilr`sh tiqe`* Lh{{o h ghlol, les dice se ilenol, eq uo qojge


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Rioq{h _keài R[HK@OLES EQ_EIS ?

clr{iah e se djh kih`nice* O aosso ghlol ro{lejoco eqite, eq{ets aol slkh`h h kejaoi{e, e iaoie, eq se chlròqe eqeh je tiae ahs rhths*

Owrìceso essil h descjih owo{ciah rh{ qejqhs so{os sro{ih{os aiejqo aol ljah uo, ao ijcih, hs f`nh `hchs o uo f`ne{ie `hch ueùo{ l

uo qh{jesso e iliq`hs* Les {osqe h deqh ao uo e tiae qol jocossiaeao eksh`qe ao {ojhte{so re{e oth`to{* S e oth`h rhao owrìce{jhs chlh rhssto` uo osqos so{os ao owcoh sofel ecoiqhs roès l`qiaos, eksh`qelojqoijcerevos ao chlr{ooja`hs* E eali{eh aoès jh so rhao owrìce{ erojeschlh chjch{ajcie ressite re{e iliqe{ hs leis chqeahs, uo r{iloi{elojqoojqhe{el h gijh ae owe`qeh* E chjch{ajcie aes l`qiaos r{r{ie aoès ojesco rh{ l ijsqijqh uo `gos osq jh lenh, devojahes deè{ aosse lejoi{e*E`l aissh, jijnl seko{ie owrìce{ cè{elojqo h rh{u aosse eali{eh*

Les oè owisqo ao deqh* Jh ojqejqh re{oco osq{ejgh to{ chlh l Sh D{ejcischrhsse owo{co{ l descjih shk{o h qirh jh{le`, uo osq liqh `hjno ao rojse{uo l sejqh aossos rhsse feleis so{ to{aeaoi{elojqo iliqeah rh{ oò* Chlh uo rhaol es ti{qaos ao {ojjcie aosso sejqhqh ejqitiqeis jh rèjh kih`nich chll, qh jhs ejqrhaes ahs ijsqijqhs jh{leis ao chjuisqe, onhslho en{ossitiaeao descije{ qejqes c{ieq{es jl ljah ao r{ijcrihs ao tiaeqh do{{oelojqo qiìq{ihs, ol uo ro{ao{ lh{{o{8 S so rhao owrìce{ qahissh rojsejah je djh kih`nice uo e sejqiaeao qol ol {oèh eh r{hn{ossh {oìnihsh, lh{e` o osri{iqe`, uo sol atiae l esrocqh ilrh{qejqssilhah r{hn{ossh shcie`, shk{o h ue` oò qol n{ejao ijd`jcie* Loslh je sejqiaeao g le djh kih`nice, uo qelkl descjih, isqh , eq{eh, chl lero`h eh ijsqijqh, chjtiaejah e eao{i{ re{e uo so clr{e e oth`h* E tojo{eh ro`h sejqh le eqiqao uo owisqo rh{uo ch{{osrhjao ehs dijs ae tiae,essil chlh e eali{eh uo qol ro`h ghlol e l`go{, l so{ liqh leisd{ech uo oò*

H iaoe` `hc{e, o h ljah h seko* Ojq{oqejqh, qojah uo oth`to{, h ljah qol dhlo ah uo jhth o, re{e chjuisq`h, qol jocossiaeao ao qojqe{qelkl h eks{ah* Es n{ejaos chjuisqes ae citiìveh dh{el tiq{ies chjsoniaes chjsq{ejnojah h eks{ah e qh{je{so `nich o eqe`, roès chjaios aotiae uo so lae{el* So jh ghtosso {evh kih`nice, feleis h skchjsciojqo aes lesses q{ikqe{ie ghlojenojs eh njih, eh go{i, eh sejqh, ghlojenoluo chjqije loslh aorhis ao qo{ lh{{iah h ghlol o aoò f jh so rhsseqi{e{ leis tejqenol e`nle* Jh kesqe h ijqo{osso ao l n{rh ao souevos

re{e owrìce{ e shk{otitjcie ah so iaoe`, uo le ch{{ojqo chòqite, o jh


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l r{haqh ao n{rh* O jh so aoiwo ao rojse{ uo, loslh {or{osojqejah lnie, euoò iaoe` tojo{eah roès l`qiaos sinjidice qelkl le cojs{echjqje o le chjaojeh chjaqe aoès* Jh ojqejqh e tojo{eh ro{lejoco* Ojqh h ijsqijqh aes lesses sojqo rh{ ijqih e sro{ih{iaeao ah sro{

ghlol o, loslh sol seko{ chlr{oojao{ roè ejìso, seko uo eì osq essijeèae le loqe re{e so rh{ti{* Seko uo qe` loqe osq `hjno, qejqh uo jhseko {oeìvè ghfo, chjsiao{ejahe qhrie* Les eì osq h de{h` `lijhsh, oeuoè `v h eq{ei, rh{uo, eijae uo ghfo re{oe i{{oeìvto` qhrie, {or{osojqeqhaetie e jice osro{eje ah dq{h*

Sekol qhahs liqh kol uo, je tiae r{qice, jh so chjsono iliqe{ lSh D{ejcisch, o kol rhchs rojsel ol dev`h* Jh ojqejqh se din{e jhsojcgo e e`le ao seaeao rh{ e`nh ao ko`h, ao n{ejao o ao `hjnjuh, ojcgo

jhs e lojqo chl e ilenol ao l re{esh ao eòn{ies osri{iqeis, o josso shjgh so euioqe jhsse e`le cejseae* Qh a{e e {oeìaeao chqiaieje, qh ele{ne e `qe roè tiae o qh q{isqo h ljah cgoih ao leàeaos o ah{, uo soqh{je eòn{ie oteai{so ol shjgh o, eh lojhs joò, to{ {oeìveae le koòvei{{oe`* Rh{ leis uo qah issh jhs re{oe eks{ah o ojq{o jh qo{{ojh ah i{{ecihje`, h ghloluo h seko, rhis chjgoco h ljah {oe`jh chjsono, chjqah, {osisqi{ eòn{ie ao rhao{ {orhse{ ae tisqe sdhcejqo aes keiwoves glejes, {odniejahso leis e`qh, jl ljah lo`gh{* Tisqes ae r{hdjaove aelis{ie chqiaieje ao le tiae lhjqhje o rèje, rh{ nojqo uo so e{{esqe jeosq{eae ao aosqijhs cijvojqhs o ijsinjidicejqos, osses din{es sro{ih{os, sofeue` dh{ h celrh, ere{ocol chlh `vos hdscejqos, uo {oejilel, r{htejahuo h r{hn{ossh jh t qhrie o uo h iaoe` le dh{e uo to{aeaoi{elojqoilr`sihje o ssql e tiae* So qh n{ejao re{qo ao js {or{osojqeae ro`hskchjsciojqo, ol uo ro{sisqol o ao uo {oss{nol hs eqtichs ijsqijqhs ejileis, hq{e re{qo ao js sol atiae {or{osojqeae ro`h sro{chjsciojqo, ol

uo aosrhjqe, rh{ ijqih, h r{ossojqilojqh ae escojsh o ahs lo`gh{elojqhsjl rèjh leis oòteah*Qah issh re{oco shjgh o dejqesie* Jh ojqejqh sh osqes otesos ah ljah

rhsiqith ae {oeìaeao chjc{oqe hs lhlojqhs leis c{ieah{os ae tiae* Uejah ee`le re{oco ro{ao{so jh i{{oe` o jh i{{ecihje`, edesqejahso ah uo re{oco so{e jice to{aeao son{e, sojqoso ojqh uo e`nh ah lo`gh{ ao js aosro{qe aol `hjnh shjh o so èje hk{e ao {hlro{ hs ìliqos ah resseah o q{ejsrh{ hsto`ghs gh{ivhjqos* Sh ossos osq{ejghs ilr`shs ah aosofh eijae jh lejidos

qeah uo {oe`lojqo èjel h ljah jes jhtes osq{eaes ae oth`h, ro{liqij


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Rioq{h _keài R[HK@OLES EQ_EIS >

ah e {oeìveh ao l lièn{o uo so {oroqo solr{o, ro`h ue` ae qhrie aoghfo so owq{ei e {oeìaeao ao elejg* So to{aeao uo osqelhs ilo{shs jesjocossiaeaos d{{oes ah chjqijnojqo, qelkl to{aeao uo, jh djah ae e`legleje, g l i{{od{oto` o ijsecito` ejsoih ao skiae* Ae jesco e chjqje

jsoe ah resseah o l chjsqejqo o aososro{eah osdh{h re{e ski{* G le`qe je ue` e `v uo{ tojco{ es q{otes* Eijae uo tenelojqo, es l`qiaossojqol e koòve ah ghlol sro{ih{, les sekol uo g liqh cejseh o aidicàeao ol soni`h* Eronelso ojqh se lol{ie, tojo{el ses {oùies,osd{onelso s roa{es ah so ql`h, cejqel`go gijhs, re{e essil aosedhne{chlh rhaol osse tene seaeao ao sro{eh uo owisqo ol ceae so{ glejh,osqo ejsoih ao ijdijiqh uo jhs e{{esqe e qhahs*

Qah isqh l shjgh, js sekolhs* Les shjge{ rojse{ o aosofe{* O h

rojselojqh o h aosofh ql rhao{ c{ieah{* Uejah, dh{qolojqo o a{ejqo liqhqolrh, rojselhs ol e`nle chise o c{olhs joè, jh dil oè resse e owisqi{*Essil, euoòs lhao`hs iaoeis uo e glejiaeao dh{le chl sos oòlojqhsleis othàhs, so{tol`go re{e c{ie{ ch{{ojqos rsich`nices uo aorhis, roè`hjne {oroqih, ceae tov leis sh essilièaes o diweaes jes ueìaeaos aeosqi{ro* e iaoie uo rèsle e tiae, r{ocoaojah o ejqocirejah ses dh{lesdq{es* Essil, e tiae èje h rojselojqh jh dq{h injhqh, ene{{ejahso e oòchlh qhrie, uo sol atiae qelkl osro{eje* Ojqh, osro{ejahh, sekh{oejahh o ejqocirejahh, dije`lojqo so diwe joò chlh {oeìveh chjc{oqe*Loaiejqo osso r{hcossh n{eae` ao chjuisqe, òjqelojqo hs iaoeis so qh{jel{oeìaeao*

Lh{qh h sro{ghlol, ro{lejoco h so lhao`h* Ijicieae aorhis e ch{{ojqoao rsich`hnie chòqite, ro`h chjsojsh rkìch aes rosshes leis aosqeceaes,{odh{eae roè eaosh ahs n{rhs ahs souevos o roè chjch{ajcie ijsqijqiteao liqhs, oè c{osco rh{ si, rh{uo e iliqeh, loih ro`h ue` djcihjel es

l`qiaos, ijclkoso ao devo{ h {osqh* Es chòqitiaeaos rojsel o enol rh{sijqhjie, rh{ ch{{ojqos* Tolhs uo ceae ijaitah h`ge leis h lojhs ol{oah{ ao si re{e to{ chlh hs hq{hs devol, rh{uo ecge uo e to{aeao aociaiae ro`h uo e leih{ie rojse o dev o uo euoò uo jh eno chlh e leih{ieo{{e* Ceae ijaitah qol, leis h lojhs, ol n{ejao lhjqe e hrijih rkìceo qh{jeso osc{eth ah f`nelojqh ah r{wilh, qojaojah solr{o e liloqive{sochl e ch{ ahlijejqo o e soni{ e ch{{ojqove, rhis erojes joè so sojqo er{hteah o son{h* Kol rhchs ql eqhjhlie ao f`nelojqh* Es lesses djcihjel

chl e rsich`hnie ah {okejgh*


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Divolhs essil, josqes rnijes, e ejìso {ecihje` ah iaoe`, aosao se dh{leh, aosojth`tilojqh o djh kih`nice, eq se {oeìveh, chjuejqhosqe re{oe qhrie* Uol qito{ chlr{oojaiah chlh osso fhnh ao dh{es hro{eje oth`h ae tiae, jh ecge{ leis qrich deè{ ah eatojqh ao l jhth

qirh ao citiìveh jh III Li`jih, h sofe, e {oeìveh je Qo{{e ah {oijh aoAos* So osqo {oijh ch{{osrhjao e l ejsoih ae e`le gleje, e l ijsqijqh aetiae, uo esri{e eh lo`gh{elojqh, so osqo h shjgh ao uol leis rojse o aouol leis shd{o, chlh rhao{ qah issh {osh`to{so ol jeae* Aosao uejqhsli`jihs tol h ghlol aièco{eah ijthcejah uo e fsqie q{ijdo8 H ghloldev e no{{e, les ejsoie e rev= dev h le`, les ejsoie h kol= haoie, les osqsoaojqh ao elh{* So owisqo osso aosofh jh djah ae e`le gleje, ae devojahr{ossh chl qojeciaeao re{e {oeìve{so, o so oò qelkl {or{osojqe le dh{e

ae tiae o l rhao{ c{ieah{, chlh rhao{ qah issh dice{ sol odoiqh8 H oweloc{qich uo eq eui tilhs devojah jhs aiv uo, loslh deèjah erojes {ecihje`lojqo, h deqh ao osro{e{lhs le jhte citiìveh jh III Li`jih jh shjgh jol qhrie*

Tilhs e qcjice seae roè tiae re{e eqijni{ osses dh{leos* qhae oè haosojth`tilojqh ao le solojqo, isqh , ao l osqeah ao èqjcie ah ue` rhaol {otoè{so qhaes es rhssikiìaeaos* E owisqjcie jh s thjqeao aotito{* qelkl, o shk{oqah, thjqeao ao othì{* G je tiae le òi, o osqejh s h rojselojqh uo ai{ino, les qelkl e thjqeao uo ilro e seeqeh* E thjqeao djaelojqe` aosqe òi othì{, rh{uo h jito{sh ceahaoto th`qe{ ro{doih ao Aos* Rh{ issh so tito, rh{ issh e ijseciekiìaeaoao ski{ {or{osojqe h ijsqijqh djaelojqe` ae tiae* Ijaitahs leis eaiejqeahsjosqo celijgh sonol d{ojqo, jh celijgh escojsihje` ao qhahs* Ijsri{ehs hrojselojqh ae tiae, cfe thjqeao hs ilroò o hs efae* Chl e qcjice ecileowelijeae, es l`qiaos sonol, essilièl, etejel, o essil clr{oso e

oth`h*Josqo sojqiah, qhahs hs qirhs ao sro{ghlol sh chjaqh{os ao rhths* Jhcerq`h sonijqo, hcre{jhsolhs shk{oqah ahs chjaqh{os rh`qichs, devojah e c{qice ah lhao`h uo, ol H R{jciro, jhs r{hro Leuieto` chlhowolr`h* Aosojth`to{olhs essil h èah shlk{ih o joneqith ah cerq`h HCgodo ao E N{ejao Sjqoso, cerq`h uo {or{osojqe h èah `v h rhsiqithedi{leqith ah r{hkòle* S rhao so{ to{aeaoi{elojqo Cgodo uol ro{qojco eh kiqirh ah sro{ghlol, uo ecile q{eelhs, eijae uo jh er{osojqo hs

n{es leis oòteahs* Jh jocoss{ih uo sofe l sejqh, l njih h l


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go{i* Les solr{o l resqh{, chl le djh uo, olkh{e ol re{qo ao ealijisq{eh, shk{oqah ao eh* Chjqah solr{o e `hchlhqite ao l q{oluo e{{esqe eq{s ao si qhah h chlkhih ao l rhth*

H Cgodo l chjaqh{ ao lesses aojq{h ahs ìliqos ao so qolrh, jeh o

djh, eqojqh osrocie`lojqo e {oeìveos r{qices o iloaieqes* Les, so koluo ol ailojsos leis {oaviaes uo h sejqh, njih h go{i, solr{o aoto{so{ l ijq{r{oqo ae gisq{ie ao so qolrh o l owocqh{ ae thjqeao aoè, cfhrojselojqh cgone{ eqeh eq{ets ae qcjice ecile owelijeae* _l cgodoaoto, rh{qejqh, seko{ chlh djcihje e rsich`hnie chòqite* h chjgocilojqhaosse qcjice uo `go ae{ e cgeto ah ahljih shk{o es l`qiaos, ijaicejah`go e uo ilr`shs oès {oenol* Essil, l ghlol ao ch{enol, uo, chl ethv oòteae o ao lejoi{e e so{ htiah rh{ qhahs, edi{lo iaoh`hnies ssr{h

aqh jh ao l s ijaitah, les sil ah rojselojqh ae tiae, rh{qejqh jeìjge ah r{hn{ossh o ao ech{ah chl es ses òis aoto dh{hselojqo ojchjq{e{jh r{hdjah ah ijsqijqh ae chòqitiaeao, ol uo deè e tiae, chjsojsh no{e` oecoiqeh* So h chjaqh{ shko{ chlr{oojao{ kol o ecoiqe{ h rojselojqh aegisq{ie ol {oèh e so qolrh, oò jh rhao{ aoiwe{ ao ojchjq{e{so chlosqo loslh rojselojqh, uo er{hte o sejcihje se hk{e, deèjah`go jh e oòai{oqelojqo, les ah leis djah ijsqijqh aes lesses* H son{oah re{e hkqo{ seeaosh osq, chl odoiqh, ol r{hc{e{ h uo {ocèle h ijsqijqh tiqe` aoès* Oosso ijsqijqh chòqith, jh {ecihje` jol chjsciojqo, les sil ijqih, uo aolejoi{e jojgle cone* H son{oah ah n{ejao chjaqh{ ao rhths qh{je{sodio` ijsq{lojqh ae thjqeao ae tiae jh cesh re{qicè{ uo oò ai{ino, re{e q{eavi{ chl e eh, je {oeìaeao chjc{oqe, hs ilro{eqiths ae gisq{ie, sekojahecg`hs o ``hs jhs `ne{os uo osqh ilr{osshs, isqh , jh rojselojqh aoè,je ìjnenol ahs echjqocilojqhs, jh skchjsciojqo aes lesses* Oès sojqol,les jh sekol owr{ili{ h so rojselojqh chl reèt{es, o r{hc{el l gh

lol uo h owr{ile o ro{shjidiuo re{e aorhis efaès e q{eavi`h ol eqh*Ojuejqh h chjaqh{ uo eno s rh{ ai{oqites ao so onhslh rosshe`, qojqejah chl oès dh{e{ e gisq{ie o ilrès ehs rhths, qol rouoje r{hkekiìaeaoao wiqh, h chjaqh{ uo so ojuea{e jh lhtilojqh aes dh{es uo uo{ol hr{hn{ossh, devojah ao se hk{e le djh kih`nice o ao se tiae le lissh, qol liqh leih{ r{hkekiìaeao ao q{ijde{, etejejah ro`hs n{ejaos celijghs ae tiae*

Owelijelhs essil e djh kih`nice ah iaoe` o ah sro{ghlol jh celi

jgh ae gisq{ie o je ochjhlie ae tiae, isqh , h èah `lijhsh, rhsiqith o chjs


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q{qith ah r{hkòle* essil h ljah, tisqh ahs rèjhs leis e`qhs* Les fhkso{telhs uo c{o` o do{hv {oeìaeao kih`nice so ejijge jhs rèjhs ijdo{ih{os ae ejileìaeao gleje, lojqijah o qh{cojah e ceae ressh osses edi{leos, ch`hcejah olroci`ghs se {oeìveh* Jh r{wilh cerq`h ojd{ojqe

{olhs ol cgoih hq{h qirh ao chjaqh{ ao ghlojs, ue` jhs lhsq{e Leuietoòl soR{jciro, uo h sro{ghlol eh joneqith, isqh , h go{i ah onhslh,ae tih`jcie o ae kosqieìaeao, h sro{ghlol aes ti{qaos s etosses, sonijah h r{ijcrih seqjich, chlh jhs lhsq{h Jioqvcgo* Re{e uo h jhssh osqahsofe rhsiqith, {osisqojqo ehs eqeuos ae c{qice, aotolhs js loslhs r{oto{qhaes hkfoos uo, re{qijah ao ijaiscqtois to{idiceos ao deqh, qi{eaes ae{oeìaeao ae tiae, osqofel kol e{leaes re{e aolhjsq{e{ uo h iaoe` l eks{ah ijerìcto` jh ljah ao ghfo, e dil ao uo rhsselhs chlr{hte{ uo

chjgocolhs kol osses to{aeaos ah ljah ijdo{ih{, qhlejahes chlh jhsshrhjqh ao re{qiae o oòtejah es jhsses chjsq{os iaoeis fsqelojqo shk{o qeòsqeah ao deqh, cfe to{aeao le {oeìaeao uo s hs ijnjhs shjgeah{osrhaol aoschjgoco{ h osuoco{*

H aodoiqh uo erhjqeah e qejqhs iaoeìsqes, h ue` uo{olhs otiqe{, fsqelojqo h deqh ao jh qo{ol òteah ol chjqe osse {oeìaeao* Es jhsses edi{leos, uo re{ocol qhries e uol dice re{eah je sro{dcio aes chises, rhaolo aotol ecge{, jle `nice aito{se, ro{qojcojqo e rèjhs leis oòteahs, kesoeae ol rhjqhs ao {odo{ojcie aido{ojqos, e se aolhjsq{eh rhsiqite o es seskesos son{es* Eh ghlol eqe`, uo injh{e h q{olojah rosh ah ilrhjao{to`,aotolhs lhsq{e{ e shìaov aossos jhths rhjqhs ao erhih, uo qh n{ejaochlh euoò ol uo oò qol qejqe chjdieje, s rh{uo osq ro{qh aoò o, rh{qejqh, chjgoco kol, eh ressh uo hs hq{hs rhjqhs `go oscerel ueso rh{chlròqh* E jhsse rhsih ao d, les uo{ so{ ao le c{oje d{{oe= ghfoao ejqocireh qrice, les uo{ s`h ao dh{le rhsiqite, chjq{hèae o ce`c

èae= h jhssh iaoe` shjgh, les doiqh ao h`ghs eko{qhs, aejahso chjqe ao qhaes es aidicàeaos uo so hrol se {oeìveh*Ec{oaiqe h òiqh{ uo jh chjgocolhs js e iìliqeae to`gece{ie gleje8O sekolhs qelkl uo liqhs shjgeah{os rhch rhsiqiths leis r{ofaice

{el ah uo efae{el h r{hn{ossh glejh, rh{ so{ol ijeqijntois hs sos shjghs, lhsq{ejah chl isqh chlh h iaoe` liqes tovos i{{oeìvto`* So{ti essil e se khe d rhce chjq{hèae re{e ae{ {evh ehs cqichs*

Sekolhs kol uo hs jhk{os ero`hs ti{qao, {oìnih, eh aoto{, eh sec{i

dcih, d{eqo{jiaeao, eh r{hn{ossh, dh{el owr`h{eahs chl d{oujcie rh{ nojqo


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esqqe, re{e seqisdevo{ hs sos r{r{ihs ijqo{ossos o chjsoni{ lo`gh{ `ne{ jetiae* Chjgocolhs liqh kol hs q{uos ao qejqhs rsoahsro{ghlojs, uoso e{th{el ol chjaqh{os erojes re{e cgone{ s ghj{es o eh kolosqe{, ek{eel hs r{r{ihs chlrejgoi{hs o elel hs r{r{ihs r{hsìqhs erojes re{e de

vo{ aoòs l roaosqe` eh so rhao{, o aorhis hs ekejahjel, ers get`hsowr`h{eah erojes ol se owc`site tejqenol* Chjgocolhs qah issh o jhjhs iàilhs, f`nejah uo, je tiae, ecge{olhs ghlojs aido{ojqos* Osuoco{hs deqhs o roai{ h ilrhssto` h uo dev jed{ene{ hs iaoeis* Jh uo{olhs,rhis, chjsq{i{ shk{o h shjgh, les jh qo{{ojh sìah ae a{e, eijae uo ghsqi`,{oeìaeao ae tiae*

R{oqojaolhs le chise leis silròs o leis rhsiqite* Jh chjqe{ ao foiqhjojgl chl e khjaeao ahs ghlojs, chise liqh {e{e re{e so rhao{ chjqe{

chl oè, les erojes chl l rhch ae se ijqoìnjcie, aeah uo, eh r{eqice{h le`, oòs aolhjsq{el rhssè ol n{e oòteah* Devojah ero`h erojes eosse ijqoìnjcie, aosofelhs aolhjsq{e{`gos e tejqenol ojh{lo, loslh jhsojqiah qiìq{ih o onhsqich, ao devo{ h kol ehs hq{hs, rh{uo osso kol qelkl aoòs= aolhjsq{e{ uo g le òi uo oòs injh{el, roè ue` efae{ hr{wilh efae{ e qhahs o, rh{qejqh, qelkl e si loslh= ojsije{`gos ossoonhslh leis tesqh, uo ek{ejno, ol so r{r{ih o, qelkl h so solo`gejqo o ijcì, je tejqenol r{r{ie, qelkl e tejqenol ahs hq{hs* l r{hkòle ao `nice, le locjice ao dh{es, deqhs uo, cè{elojqo owrìceahs,jh rhaol so{ {oroìahs rh{ le ijqoìnjcie jh{le`* So osqe so {oko`h eqghfo e qejqes owh{qeos ti{qao, dhi rh{uo so dov aosse ti{qao le en{ossh tiae, e`nh uo qojqe sdhcè o lqi`è chl {ojjcies, uo, rh{ so{ol kih`hnicelojqo chjq{er{hacojqos, e r{r{ie tiae r{hc{e {oroìès eq{ets ahijsqijqh* lisqo{ {ochjgoco{ uo e tiae qiìq{ie* jocoss{ih {osroiqe{ ossoso qiìqe{islh aodojsith o r{hqoqh{* Ijdoìvlojqo, hs r{oneah{os ao ti{qao,

liqes tovos, e ssqojqel s ol tejqenol ah r{r{ih n{rh o ol aejh ahsaoleis* jeq{e` ojqh uo h ghlol so {okoò* E ti{qao aoto ojn{ejaoco{ etiae, aosojth`tè, o jh sdhcè= aoto q{ejsrh{qè e rèjhs leis e`qhs, re{e eìlojqè o ae{`go rhqjcie, devojahe owrejai{so o aosojth`to{so=aoto, rh{qejqh, ojch{efe{, o jh {or{ili{ osse chjuisqe, rh{uo e tiae s sorhao lhto{ roè chjuisqe* Ei ao uol so lejql owc`sitelojqo jh èahjoneqith o {ojjcieah{ ae ti{qao* ijaisrojsto` lhsq{e{ h èah owrejsihjisqe ae tiae, rh{uo fsqh uo s osqo eq{eie, aeah uo h ghlol doiqh re{e

c{osco{, ski{, lo`gh{e{, o jh re{e {on{oai{* E le{cge ae tiae re{e d{ojqo,


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Rioq{h _keài R[HK@OLES EQ_EIS 5;

jh re{e q{s* Ecoiqoso e ti{qao ae {ojjcie o ah shd{ilojqh, les jh sojqiahqiìq{ih uo e sekoah{ie ae tiae ch`hch ol jhssh ijsqijqh, isqh , ol tisqe aole {ochlrojse, uo chjsisqo je chjuisqe, ol qo{lhs ao doìciaeao, ao letiae leis elrè jl rèjh leis e`qh*

Dh{el osc{iqhs liqhs ìt{hs chlh osqo, uo r{onel koès chises* Les euihdo{ocolhs le chise jhte6 e aolhjsq{eh {ecihje` ae tejqenol ao devo{ hkol, essil chlh h n{eto aejh rosshe` ao devo{ h le`* Hdo{ocolhs, rhis, ehòiqh{ skih, ao l èah, e ro{srocqite {oe` ao le tejqenol o, ah hq{h, aol aejh re{e si* Chjgocolhs h ghlol o sekolhs uo osqes sh es jiceslhès uo h lhtol, hs jichs ilr`shs e uo hkoaoco* Sekolhs uo ossosìt{hs, uo deèl ao ko`hs iaoeis, sh aorhis owr`h{eahs rh{ ghlojs celdèahs ao iaoeìsqes, re{e sos ijqo{ossos* Isqh f echjqoco liqes tovos o rhao{

hch{{o{ qelkl chl osqo th`lo o chl hs aoleis ae jhsse hk{e* E ossos,chjqah, rhaolhs eato{qi{ uo jhsshs r{ijcrihs so kesoiel je r{osoje aolhjsq{eae ao le òi re{e cfes {oeos jh g aisqjcie ao qolrh h ao osreh jol ke{{oi{es ao dh{e h esqcie uo rhssel se`t`hs, so e tihè{ol* Jss rhsslhs es e{les ah elh{ o ae ijqoìnjcie, r{r{ies ehs rèjhs sro{ih{os* Etiselhs, rh{l, uo, chjq{e hs q{ejsn{ossh{os ae @oi, g le rh`cie ahilrhjao{to`, e{leae ao {oeos deqeis, aes ueis jh so oscere* Js, uo jhqolhs rhao{ e`nl o jol ai{oiqh ao f`ne{ uol h lo{oe h jh, uo{olhserojes lhsq{e{ ehs conhs chlh djcihje e @oi o chl uo qo{{tois chjsoujcies rhao oè jhs nh`roe{ so h lo{oco{lhs, rhch ilrh{qejah so jh c{olhsjoè o aivolhs uo jeae aissh to{aeaoi{h*

Hs iaoeis devol re{qo ahs oui`k{ihs ae tiae, o uol hs {ojone h hs q{eih hs owr`h{e tei ao ojchjq{h tiae, o e tiae i{ chjq{e oò* Jh aivolhs uoe q{isqo {oeìaeao kih`nice ae kosqieìaeao gleje jh sofe to{aeaoi{e* Lessekolhs uo, eh èah aosse to{aeao, g qelkl e to{aeao leis e`qe ahs iaoeis

o uo osqe dev r{ossh re{e {oeìve{so, `qejah re{e tojco{ o shk{orfe{ e hq{eq{isqo {oeìaeao kih`nice* Eh èah ah osqeah ijthàh ah ghlol, ol uo sokesoiel hs joneah{os ah iaoe`, g le {oeìaeao ine`lojqo rhsiqite, uo eòi ah r{hn{ossh* So h ghlol eijae osq eq{eseah, e oth`h ro{lejoco solr{o chlh fsqidiceh re{e so owisqi{, so `qe{ o so shd{o{, chjsqiqijah se ro{lejojqo loqe ao tiae* H rojseah{ ouiìk{eah jh aoto so{ erojes liaoeìsqe uo ro{ao h chjqeqh chl e {oeìaeao, jol l rhsiqitisqe joneah{ aoueùo{ iaoeìslh* E {oeìaeao o e iaoie sh hs ahis owq{olhs ao jhssh celi

jgh oth`qith, sh h ghfo o h elejg ao jhsse tiae, sh ahis rh`hs ah jhssh


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ljah, ojq{o hs ueis hscièl o so {oeìvel qhahs hs jhsshs lhtilojqhs* Ishè{so ol ueùo{ ahs ahis sinjidice edesqe{so ae to{aeao o dice{ lqièahjle tish jièqo{e`* S uol so ch`hch jh loih ahs ahis owq{olhs rhaot`hs o eteì`hs, elkhs eh loslh qolrh, isqh , hkso{te{ h c ol djh

ae qo{{e o e qo{{e ol djh ah c* S oò rhao aivo{ ehs shjgeah{os ah iaoe`6Ciaeah, rhis e qo{{e kol aido{ojqo, o aidci` devo{ aosco{ e oè qejqe koòve* S oò rhaoaivo{ ehs ghlojs r{qichs ah ljah6 Ciaeah, rhis ecileae qo{{e g h c, o sol oò e qo{{e jh rhao tito{= ciaeah, rhis e`l ah r{osojqo g h elejg, ol cfe ai{oh dh{hselojqo qah g ao celijge{ o sol hue` h r{osojqo jh qo{ie sinjidiceh*

Sekolhs kol uo e {oeìveh ah iaoe` {ae* Les issh jh uo{ aivo{uo oò jh chise to{aeaoi{e* Hs leih{os ghlojs ae glejiaeao `qe{el o

liqes tovos lh{{o{el s rh{ issh* Jh h chjsoni{el, ai{so, les e glejiaeao, loslh jh hs iliqejah, eali{ehs o tojo{ehs* H ghlol ejile`, jhojqejqh qol dhlo ao ski{* H ejile` qol to{nhjge ao s`h o esri{e e qh{je{soejfh* Ski{ e òi, e r{iloi{e reiwh, h lwilh ilr`sh ae tiae* Ai{so, jhojqejqh, uo hs ahis li`jihs ao c{isqiejislh qelkl rhao{iel cgele{soahis li`jihs ao owr`h{eh ao C{isqh, chl hq{es dijeìaeaos, eh ressh uo hghlol ro{lejoco leis h lojhs h loslh* Ai{so uo hs iaoeis, je Qo{{e,re{ocol so{ti{ re{e jh so{ol rhsqhs ol r{qice, les s re{e so{ol r{oneahso owr`h{eahs ol tejqenol ao e`njs ghlojs èaijhs, uo hs qiìvel chlhle kejaoi{e chl e ue` rhssel chk{i{ lo`gh{ h r{r{ih fhnh, uo chjsoni{ l `ne{ lo`gh{ je tiae* Re{oco uo je Qo{{e es to{aeaos sro{ih{os srhaol ere{oco{ shk e dh{le ao lojqi{e* O so ghto{ e`nl iaoeìsqe, hs sososc{iqhs o q{eke`ghs so{tol erojes re{e lo`gh{ ojneje{ h r{wilh, cfe khe d leis deci`lojqo chjuisqeae uejah so deè ol jhlo ao l iaoe` uo aleih{ ne{ejqie ao ghjosqiaeao*

Osqos ìt{hs qelkl, osrocie`lojqo aorhis ao lh{qh o ch`hceah aodijiqitelojqo shk si`jcih h so eqh{ qo{{ojh, ch{{ol osso ro{inh, rhaojah so{ qiìveahs uol seko rh{ uol o uol seko re{e uo dijs* Les, fsqelojqo rh{issh, r{hc{elhs ch`hce{jhs ol chjqeqh chl e a{e {oeìaeao ae tiae, aojjciejah qhaes es ses q{eios, aolhjsq{ejah chjgocès o q{eke`gejah ol sor{r{ih qo{{ojh* Uisolhs ae{jhs kol chjqe ae n{ejao aisqjcie ojq{o e tiae{oe` o hs r{ijcrihs iaoeis* Jh uisolhs iài{jhs chl h hqilislh ahs ghlojs òtiejhs* Uisolhs ae{jhs chjqe hkfoqitelojqo ao uo osqelhs chjs

q{ijah shk{o e èle, les re{e chjcì{, rh{l, uo deqe` eteje{, o h ljah


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eteje{* Uisolhs js loslhs, ol r{iloi{h `ne{, r{hc{e{ aolhì{ e jhssed, re{e uo aoè ro{lejocosso erojes h uo qol e shìaov ah do{{h* Uisolhs{ochjgoco{ qhahs hs tcihs o aodoiqhs ah ghlol, devojahjhs cqichs eq ehdjah, re{e sei{lhs leis eno{{iahs ao qe` kejgh ao coqicislh* E, ojqh, h

uo {osqe ah iaoe` jh leis le dejqesie dci` ao lojqo òtieje jh qo{{ojh ahilrhjao{to`, les eaui{o e otiajcie ae `v o e shìaov ae roa{e* Essil, o sessil, so{ rhssto` chjsoni{ chjfne{ e to{aeao kosqie` ao Leuieto` chl hsleis e`qhs iaoeis ah osr{iqh, chlh ahis lhlojqhs kol chlr{oojstois, aeahuo `hnicelojqo chjowhs, ao le losle to{aeao ol oth`h*

[ochjgocoso, essil, uo h rhao{ aotie so{ lissh, les qelkl, tisqh ghfoe tiae owini{ le chlrojseh, ecoiqeso uo sofe jeq{e` h ghlol, ers geto{ so osdh{eah re{e cgone{ je rhsih chjuisqeae, sojqi{so jh ai{oiqh ao

nhve{ h d{qh ao so osdh{h* Oò jh rhao, ojqh, hcre{so ah kol ah rhth,les s ao so kol, aeah uo h rhth dev h loslh re{e si r{r{ih o e òi aoowr`h{eh jito{se`* Les qelkl so {ochjgoco uo, dh{e ao ekse{ oo{{e{ o, rh{qejqh, ao rene{, h ghlol qol rh{ dil uo er{ojao{, eijae uo secsqe, o, er{ojaojah, qol uo oth`to{, isqh , celijge{ re{e e {oeìveh ahiaoe`* F leis ah uo chjgociah enh{e h to`gh sisqole ao r{oneh ahs iaoeischl h diqh ao owr`h{eh* Les, so l ijqo{osso jh ghto{e, uol de{ie e`nle chise jh ljah8 Jh so rhao r{oqojao{ uo e tiae jh sofe qiìq{ie* R{ocish {ochjgoco{`go osso ai{oiqh, uo osq je se `nice o ol sos oui`k{ihs*H uo r{ocish erojes resse{ e l qiìqe{islh leis ijqoìnojqo o leis jito{se`, uo jh chjsqiqe aejh re{e jijnl o sofe tejqenol re{e l jlo{hceae tov leih{ ao rosshes*

Jh so rhao aolhì{ h to`gh chl en{ossh, re{e aosq{`h, rhis qah uoowisqo uo{ tito{ o, so dh{ en{oaiah, {oeno* H uo r{ocish q{ejsdh{le{ h to`gh, devojahh othì{* Jh so rhao r{oqojao{ sdhce{ e tiae, jol so aoto qi

ìve{ hs r{ijcrihs iaoeis re{e oslene{ h r{wilh, e dil ao tojc`h je `qeroè tiae o sksqiqi{so e oò ol rhsios tejqefhses* Eh roai{so a{hs sec{idcihs jeq{ove gleje ol deth{ ae oth`h, r{ocish qo{ ol chjqe uo oèaoto qelkl tito{ o jh rhao dice{ sdhceae* Les, ijdoìvlojqo, liqes tovosso osqekoòco e qke ao te`h{os s ol djh ae r{r{ie qiìaeao o, chl d{oujcie, e r{oneh ahs iaoeis so dev erojes ol deth{ r{r{ih, re{e e tiq{ieahs ijqo{ossos ae r{r{ie cesqe* ijaisrojsto` {och{ae{ uo e `qe roè tiaeijteao o rojoq{e qah jh ljah* Rh{qejqh, so uiso{lhs hkqo{ o chjsq{i{ chl

fsqieh sofe, ol dh{le a{to`, rh{uo ouiìk{eae, isqh , sol es ijotiq


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Rioq{h _keài R[HK@OLES EQ_EIS 5?

tois {oeosqo{olhs uo òte{ ol chjqe h ai{oiqh tiae uo owisqo qelklah èah hrhsqh, osse tiae uo s tovos uo{olhs oslene{ ol jhlo ao ti{qaosuo, jeq{e`lojqo, srhlhs aoto{ol owisqi{ ejqos jhs hq{hs uo ol js* Soqejqhs qilhs r{ijcrihs sh ijdoìvlojqo ssqojqeahs jh ljah, rh{ tovos

ce`h{hselojqo, isqh echjqoco rh{uo h ghlol chjsoni q{ejsdh{l`hs ole{les ao eqeuo chjq{e h r{wilh, je `qe roè tiae*H jhssh ljah essojqeso leis shk{o sisqoles ah uo shk{o h ijaitah*

Qe`tov qojge aoceah e qe` rhjqh e d jh te`h{ ah ghlol, uo oè so {oavi eqo{ uo r{oscijai{ aoò, chjdiejah s je ro{doih ah sisqole, uo aoto{ie seje{ qah* Qe`tov qojge cgoneah h h{n`gh glejh e rhjqh ao c{o{ uo leh{nejiveh ro{doiqe o l sisqole ao jh{les rhssel sr{i{ e l ueìaeao aeleq{ie r{ile, uo h ghlol* qelkl to{aeao uo h sisqole rhao so{ le

oschè re{e devo{ h ghlol, chlh, rh{ owolr`h, h sisqole {or{osojqeqith rhaoso{ti{ re{e ojsije{ e seko{ thqe{, dh{lejah, eq{ets ao a{es r{htes, lechjscijcie chòqite rh`qice* Les qelkl to{aeao uo, ojuejqh h ghloljh qito{ er{ojaiah, h sisqole jh rhao{ sr{i{ hs o{{hs aoò* Aivie NisorroLevviji, jhs Aoto{os ah Ghlol6 Hs ghlojs khjs qh{jel khes es ls h{nejiveos, o hs les qh{jel ls es khes*

Ec{oaiqeso ghfo uo so rhsse lo`gh{e{ eònejah ai{oiqhs* Jh% S so rhao r{hn{oai{ eq{ets ah osdh{h ao ceae l eq{ets ahs sc`hs* Tso, essil,chlh aido{ojqo ae {osrhsqe ao Leuieto` euoè aeae rh{ Levviji6 *** jeaechjsoni{ois sojh lo`gh{ejah= jh chjuisqe{ois h owo{ccih ao thssh ai{oiqh sojh lo{ocojahh chl h sec{idcih, chl e eqitiaeao, chl h elh{* So r{hc{e{aos ol jhlo ao l aoto{ clr{iah h e clr{i{, hkqo{ois= so r{hc{e{

aos ol jhlo ah onhslh, ol jhlo ao jh soi uo ai{oiqh eh kolosqe{ uoths ojsijel hs ghlojs ah leqo{ieìslh, s chjsoni{ois q{ijdhs ao le gh

{e, soniahs rh{ q{olojaes aosi`sos* Hs uo ths deèl ol jhlo ah kol

osqe{, ae doìciaeao leqo{ie`, ths q{ei{h* Qelkl oòs r{hc{el h so kolosqe{, chjd{eqo{jivelso chjthsch chlh l oòlojqh ao dh{e, ojuejqh qlhksqc`hs e sro{e{, re{e chjuisq`h, o, `hnh uo h chjsinel chl thssh

ewìh, ths ekejahje{h, re{e q{ejuièlojqo nhve{ e se chjuisqe* Osqe e gisq{ie ah `qilh loih sc`h o so cgele leqo{ieìslh* Issh osc{otieLevviji ol 5742, sojah qelkl ghfo eksh`qelojqo to{aeaoi{h* O chjcì6*** h leqo{ieìslh ths e{{esqe ijotiqeto`lojqo, chl h c`qh ahs ijqo{ossos, ehonhslh o eje{uie* essil uo h leqo{ieìslh eloee òte{ h ljah

aosq{ih, chl h dil ae citiìveh o{hroie*


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Jhs cerq`hs ah Erhceìrso jh th`loR{hdocies, tilhs chlh h ljahtito aokeiwh ao n{ejaos eloees, jle o{e ao aosq{cihjislh* Les leaosq{ih uo chjsisqo erojes jle chjaih re{e {ochjsq{i{ lo`gh{* Olse skie ochjhlie, s chl osse chjaih uo e tiae aosq{i* Aorhis ao jhs

qo{lhs hcreah e`g{os osrocie`lojqo ah dil ah ljah to`gh, hcre{jhsolhs eui ahs r{ijcrihs shk{o hs ueis qo{ uo so{ {ochjsq{ah h jhth* Hchjq{esqo uo h òiqh{ ojchjq{e josso th`lo, je `qe ojq{o e {oeìaeao kih`nice o h iaoe`, ojq{o h to`gh uo {i o h jhth uo jesco, ojq{o es q{otes o e `v,uo aoto tojcès, erojes h osro`gh ah uo osq ghfo echjqocojah jh ljah, josqe gh{e erhce`rqice, ol uo eqijnilhs e ròjiqao ahs qolrhs*


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Rioq{h _keài R[HK@OLES EQ_EIS 5>

II* CGODOC[QICE AO LEU_IETO@

Re{e qhahs, ah cgodo eq eh `qilh ahs ciaeahs ah Osqeah, h uo chjsqiqiso ai{oiqh re{qicè{ r{r{ih erojes e cereciaeao ao clr{i{ h so r{r{ih

aoto{ re{qicè{* Essil ueùo{ rhao{ s ealissto` chlh djh shcie`,jice uo a ai{oiqhs o rhao{os, o issh ao ech{ah chl h so n{e o jeq{ove*H cgodo chjaqh{ ao rhths aoto{ie so{ l qirh kih`nich leis othàh uo

e laie, olo{nijah, rh{qejqh, ae lesse ah rhth, les erqh eh lejah shk{ooò, e dil ao ai{ini`h re{e loqes sro{ih{os* Oò aoto{ie so{ chlh le rhjqoojq{o e Qo{{e o h C, rhis aoto{ie osqe{ ol chjqeqh chl h rojselojqh o ethjqeao ae gisq{ie, hk{ejah chlh so ijq{r{oqo o ijsq{lojqh ao owoch,eh loslh qolrh ol uo seko{ie aosco{ eh chjqeqh chl e lesse ah rhth, re{e

chjgoco{ es ses jocossiaeaos o ciae{ ao se tiae o r{hn{ossh*Osqos sh hs chjcoiqhs ah cerq`h r{ocoaojqo* Ojqh, so osqes qijgel uo

so{ es ce{ecqo{sqices ah qirh kih`nich ah chjaqh{ ao rhths, telhs enh{echjd{hjqès chl es ah qirh kih`nich uo jhs er{osojqe Leuieto` ol soR{jciro, din{e ao chjaqh{ q{eeae chl l {oeìslh ilrioahsh* Chjd{hjqolhs, re{e to{ uejqh ao to{aeao rhao geto{ ol ses edi{leos qh aito{ses,r{hc{ejah ojq{e{ js loslhs jeuoè rsich`hnie o esslijah euoè dh{lelojqe`* S essil, re{qijah ah kiqirh ah sro{ghlol jh joneqith, qe` chlhjh`h er{osojqel Leuieto` o Jioqvcgo, rhao{olhs chjsq{i{, chl ijqoi{hchjgocilojqh, h kiqirh ah sro{ghlol jh rhsiqith, sksqiqijah h njihle`dich ae aosq{ih ro`h njih kojdich ae {ochjsq{h*

Er{osojqejhs Leuieto`, ol so R{jciro, le din{e uo osq jhs ejqrhaes ae uo ecile q{eelhs, l qirh aiekìch, esqqh o r{orhqojqo, de`sh oq{eiah{, er{htoiqeah{ ao qah o aosr{htiah ao ueùo{ lh{e`* Er{hwilolhs esaes chjcoros siqeaes jhs ejqrhaes* Co{qelojqo jh so rhao jone{ uo, so

Leuieto` oscejaeìvh h ljah, dhi s rh{uo lhsq{h aosjaeah h to{aeaoi{h {hsqh ao liqhs cgodos o e keiwove o to{aeaoi{e jeq{ove ahs loihs uooòs sel re{e nie{ e tiae shcie`* Leuieto` jh jhs uis ae{ l qirh iaoe`re{e so{ iliqeah, rh{uo jhk{o o ko`h, les erojes uis to{idice{ o lhsq{e{jhse a{e {oeìaeao, ìliqejahso, chlh ghlol rhsiqith, eh uo osqe `go hdo{ociejhs deqhs* Hs nhto{jejqos ae Qo{{e, aosao uo owisqol nhto{jhs, sekiel koles ahq{ijes ao Leuieto`, o kol h aolhjsq{e h deqh ao uo liqes tovos eserìce{el* Les oòs qijgel le lh{e` uo chjsisqie ol hc`qe{ hs sos to{ae

aoi{hs r{ijcrihs, re{e ahlije{ lo`gh{ hs saiqhs, oschjaojah so {hsqh to{


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aeaoi{h ao `hkhs shk e lsce{e ao ch{aoi{h* O oòs s so ijs{ni{el chjq{eLeuieto` rh{uo osqo `gos tihè{e osse lh{e`, owrhjah sijco{elojqo e q{isqo{oeìaeao ue` oè * Ol `qile ejìso, ol so ìt{h H R{jciro, {oeìve Leuieto` l eqh ao n{ejao les ao ijclhae d{ejuove, aoschk{ijah hs son{o

ahs uo lhtol h ghlol, uo ro{lejoco `hkh o eijae djcihje ol cgoihchl es òis ah rèjh ejile`, loslh uejah shko ehs leis oòteahs rèjhs aochlejah o s ghj{es ae n`{ie ao tojcoah{ o ao cgodo* Osso ìt{h dhi l eqh aon{ejao khl sojsh o l ch{efhsh {ochjgocilojqh ae a{e {oeìaeao ahs deqhs*O dhi qelkl le n{ejao khdoqeae jh njo{h glejh, aoschko{qh ol seto{nhjge o do{hciaeao, qejqh chjsiao{eah je girhc{isie ahs nhto{jejqos uejqhje ilkociìaeao aes lesses*

Sol deè{ jes òis kih`nices, sol so ae{ chjqe aes r{hdjaes {evos roès

ueis eijae ghfo so chlrh{qe essil h ghlol, sol osqae{ h lhah ao sei{ ahrjqejh, Leuieto` owro cè{elojqo, sol h uo{o{, e jeq{ove kosqie` ah ghlol, rh{uo osse o{e e to{aeao uo `go cee shk hs h`ghs* Jioqvcgo osqekoòcie, jh rèjh di`hsdich, hs loslhs chjcoiqhs uo Leuieto` osqekoòco{e jhrèjh rh`qich* Qito{el elkhs h lo{ocilojqh ao r{ e j h uo so oschjaoeq{s ae girhc{isie, ch{efhselojqo devojah ere{oco{ h ghlol chlh do{e uo *H ljah n{iqh rh{uo so ti aoschko{qh* R{hqosqe{el hs rhao{hshs rh{uo so`gos e{{ejcete h jhk{o lejqh chl uo oòs, qojqejah essil fsqidice{ e to`gece{ie gleje, chk{iel se to{nhjges, les, aosse dh{le, dovso `v shk{o eto{aeaoi{e jeq{ove ah so{ glejh o shk{o e ilrh{qjcie r{orhjao{ejqo ae`qe roè tiae ol qhaes es ses lejidosqeos* Ere{oco essil, jh chjaqh{, ese to{aeaoi{e deco ao ahlijeah{, ueìaeao sol e ue` jh so rhaol devo{ esn{ejaos chises* O h ljah ai{iniah rh{ chjaqh{os o eteje rh{ loih aoòs,sofel oòs osch`giahs roès {othòs, uo aosolkhcel jhs eksh`qislhsqhqeìq{ihs, sofel, eh ijts, osch`giahs ro`h sisqole oòqith jes ìt{os aolh

c{ecies* Ueùo{ uo sofe e osq{eae roè ue` cgonol eh rhao{, hs rhths,re{e rhao{ol r{hn{oai{, aoto{iel so{ solr{o nieahs rh{ l qirh kih`nichleis eaiejqeah uo e laie* Les, ijdoìvlojqo, hs deqhs eq ghfo, ah {evh eLeuieto` o e Jioqvcgo, rh{uo h qirh kih`nich ah chjaqh{ qol siah, chld{oujcie, h uo oòs aosc{oto{el* H ljah qol h ijsqijqh ao ejsie{ chlhcgodo l so{ sro{ih{, ro{qojcojqo e rèjhs kih`nichs leis oòteahs ah uo hso eqe` jto` ejile`, les qah ro{lejoco shjgh th aiejqo ae a{e {oeìaeaoahs deqhs, ro`h uo, re{e tojco{ o ahlije{, ijaisrojsto` e dh{e o, re{e c{i

e{, loslh jh kol, lisqo{ uo osso kol sofe ilrhsqh*


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Jh uo{olhs chl issh fsqidice{ jol Jioqvcgo jol Leuieto`* Erojesuo{olhs owrìc`hs* H so o{{h chjsisqo ol qo{ ecoiqeah sol {okoìh, eqloslh chjdi{lejahe, osse a{e {oeìaeao* E se c`re jh qo{ r{hc{eahhrh{so o ìko{qe{so aosso le`, sro{ejahh, ol tov ao get`h fsqidiceah

chlh le òi jeq{e` ae tiae* O isqh l chjsojqilojqh qciqh, le ecoiqeh*_le tov uo h ghlol jh aoto o jh rhao ro{lejoco{ solr{o jh rèjhejile`, osso {ochjgocilojqh ueso le chjdi{leh h eqh{iveh keiwove* Jioqvcgo cgone eq loslh e iaoeìve{ h ijdo{ih{ qirh kih`nich erojes aedh{e, r{hrhjahh chlh lhao`h h qirh iaoe`* Qah isqh owe`qeh ah ijthàh, {oti{eth`qe ao te`h{os, lhjlojqh o{niah eh ejile`* Ois ol uo {osiao h o{{h o e c`re aossos osc{iqh{os* Re{e{el je {oeìaeao ao sro{dcio, solchlr{oojao{ uo g hq{e leis r{hdjae, e {oeìaeao ah osr{iqh, ae thjqeao

ae @oi, ahs ilr`shs ae oth`h, ae ilejjcie ao Aos* H rojselojqh glejh {or{osojqe le dh{e sro{ih{ leq{ie= aoto ahlijè, rèslè,devè othì{, o jh ecoiqè qe` ue` , srh{qejahe chlh so osc{eth* Sojqoso uo e ossos osc{iqh{os o e sos edijs de`qe e`nh uo oòs jh ti{el, de`qe hsojqiah re{e ro{coko{ h rhao{ ah ilrhjao{to`, uo, qhaetie, rose liqh,loslh je {oeìaeao gisq{ice o shcie` hkso{teae rh{ oòs* H so o{{h h loslh ah leqo{ieìslh, uo re{h sro{dcio o enh{e, uejah e cijcie chloee rojoq{e{ leis r{hdjaelojqo e {oeìaeao, qol uo {oraie{ liqes ao seahnlqices edi{leos* G l ljah sro{ih{ uo hs leis othàhs sojqol rh{ ijqih o uo oscere chlròqelojqo e ossos ghlojs r{qichs ao eh,eijae uejah cgonel e so{ ghlojs ao osqeah h di`shdhs delhshs* Aiejqoaosses sro{ih{os {oeìaeaos ah osr{iqh, uo oòs jonel rh{uo jh tool, oòsso qh{jel c{iejes, ijorqhs, ijchlroqojqos* C{ool, ol so coqicislh, so{ leisesqqhs o osqe{ leis r{wilhs ae to{aeao ol so sojqiah r{qich* Isqh hs devec{oaiqe{ uo, eh ai{ini{olso eh, eqijnol e {oeìaeao* Jh ojqejqh sh ij

chlròqhs o, ol co{qes vhjes ae tiae, qhqe`lojqo conhs* Essil, le tov uo`gos oscerel ao qhah, chlh eh leqo{ieìslh, hs sqis te`h{os ah osr{iqh, jh rhaol chlr{oojao{ jojgle {oìnih sojh e ae tih`jcie* So loq{h jh rhao loai{ es aisqjcies esq{hjlices ah skìlo, uo ojqh {oraieah oìuiaeah chlh ijowisqojqo* Sol atiae uo e `v, re{e hs conhs, jh owisqo,les essil jh hch{{o eh uo t* Re{e oòs, e qke ao te`h{os aido{ojqo, essil chlh e ti{qao o hs loihs, rh{uo aido{ojqos sh es dijeìaeaos ae tiae*Sethje{hè, ojqojaiah d{ielojqo rh{ Leuieto`, kol aito{selojqo {oeni s

losles chjaios ao so qolrh*


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Rioq{h _keài R[HK@OLES EQ_EIS ;2

Ghfo r{ocish ojqh {odevo{ qhqe`lojqo h r{jciro ao Leuieto` o, olkh{e {ochjgocojah e to{aeao aosso qirh kih`nich, chlròq`h jes re{qos sro{ih{os, ol uo osq de`gh* Euoò r{jciro l so{ loih do{e* Lisqo{ so qh{jeae{`go e dh{le gleje, ainje ahs jhths qolrhs* Lhtilojqe{elso ghfo h

q{es dh{es, o e glejiaeao r{ore{eso re{e ojd{ojqe{ hq{es owro{ijcies* Osqelhs, to{aeao, ol ro{hah ao aosq{ih* Les fsqelojqo josse deso uoso r{ore{e e {ochjsq{h* Aosq{ih o {ochjsq{h eh loslh qolrh, h uosinjidice uo hs to`ghs chjcoiqhs leqo{ieìsqes sh aolhìahs o l jhth oaidcih so tei o{nojah shk{o ses {jes* Jh leis so{to ghfo h {ish se{csqich o heqoslh cjich ao l Th`qei{o lose ao D{oao{ich, h N{ejao, ol SejsShci*Ghfo lisqo{ ssqojqe{so le c{oje d{{oe, qh{jeae jocoss{ie ro`hs echjqocilojqhs erhce`rqichs ahs qolrhs, qh{jeae hk{ineq{ie rh{ se aolhjsq{eh

{ecihje`, òteae eq sh`h ahs r{hkòles `qilhs*Rhao{ie re{oco{ uo, eh r{hc{e{ ijq{havi{ so{ielojqo h oòlojqh lh{e` je

tiae rh`qice, uis{elhs ec{oscojqe{ le lojqi{e ijaiqe, ao jhth osqi`h, sejqines liqh chjgociaes* Jh* eui ijq{haviah h oòlojqh lh{e` ao dh{le{ecihje`, rhsiqite, `hnicelojqo aolhjsq{eae, jh je dh{le ao d, les ao otiaojqo {oeìaeao, uo ch{{osrhjao e le jhte h{aol ao dojlojhs hkfoqiths, euo h ljah, ol se conoi{e o rhsih ijthàe, ao liqh rhch te`h{ eqghfo* Uo{olhs eui ijq{havi{ h oòlojqh lh{e` je rh`qice rh{uo osqe devre{qo ae tiae, uo so kesoie qelkl jes òis lh{eis, es ueis jh so {oècihjel erojes chl e d o h iaoe`, les devol re{qo ijqon{ejqo aes òis kih`nices*Uo{olhs devo{ chlr{oojao{ uo, aiejqo ao qeis òis ahlijejqos jh celrhqich, jh so rhao ro{lejoco{ enjsqichs, essil chlh jh so rhao dev`haiejqo aes hq{es òis ae tiae* Uo{olhs devo{ chlr{oojao{ uo es jh{les ae{oqiah lh{e` jh sh h ao{iteah ao le hrijih rosshe`, ao uo so rhsser{oscijai{, les sh le {oeìaeao hkfoqite uo rojoq{e h jhssh chjqijnojqo o

rhao, so jh hkso{te{lhs hs sos r{ijcrihs, do{i{jhs chl q{olojaes {oeos*Osq ghfo aidjaiah h o{{h ao c{o{ uo ossos r{hkòles rhaol enjhsqicelojqoso{ rhsqhs ao èah o {osh`tiahs r{oscijaijah aoòs, chlh so dhssol erojesr{haqhs glejhs aosqe h aeuoè {oìnih h oschè* Qolhs uo chlr{oojao{, eh ijts, uo e glejiaeao osq e li`jihs renejah chl ah{os o sejnoosse se c{esse injh{jcie ao to{aeaos oòlojqe{os, o isqh rh{uo tei sejahle`, re{e so aejh, ol tov ao se tejqenol, es q{olojaes dh{es uo ghfoeloeel q{iq{è* Rh{ cese aosso {oroqi{ o eclè{ ao o{{hs, cgonelhs

ghfo e le o{e erhce`rqice, uejah so qh{je leis eloeeah{e e {oeh ae @oi,


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uo so er{osse re{e cgone{ e le sh`h, loslh so osqe qojge uo so{ e ceqsq{hdo ah ljah eqe`*

Jh ojqejqh jh aidci` ijq{havi{ h oòlojqh lh{e`, ro{qojcojqo e le h{aol ao iaoies ao l rèjh sro{ih{, ol jhssh ljah, siqeah r{oahlijejqo

lojqo eijae jl rèjh ejile`* H jhth oòlojqh so{ ijq{haviah chl rhjao{eh o loaiae, h sofe, je ahso srh{qto` roè {oeìaeao kih`nice eqe`, rh{uo, ol ahso owcossite, rhao{ie devo{jhs ro{ao{ chjqeqh chl oè o q{ejsdh{le{so jl ilr`sh re{e le qhrie i{{oeìvto`* So, jh e`qh, h r{h iaoe`rhao so{ le osr`jaiae to{aeao, rhao, jh ojqejqh, {or{osojqe{ ol keiwh ln{eto o{{h kih`nich* Qolhs uo jhs ae{ chjqe, je eh, ah rèjh ol uo q{eke`gelhs, re{e jh chloqo{, ol {oèh e oò, o{{hs uo qo{elhs uo rene{*Jh qo{{ojh r{qich, h skìlo rhao so{ l o{{h chjq{e h ue` e tiae {oeno ao

rhis ol jhsse ro{ae* Jh to{aeao uo so rhssel ijto{qo{, ol jhlo ah iaoe`,es òis ao ceae rèjh ao tiae, o ei ao uol, ec{oaiqejahso ghlol ao n{ejaod, skto{qo e h{aol chl òtiejaeao* Uejah osqelhs ilo{shs ol co{qh qirhao r{ijcrihs o dh{es, rh{uo osso jhssh n{e ao oth`h, h{n`gh o `hc{e r{oqojao{ othì{ dci` o {eriaelojqo* E jhsse d qol uo so{ rhjao{eae,chjsciojqo aes dh{es ae tiae, aes aidicàeaos er{osojqeaes roè oth`h=aoto otiqe{ uo so q{ejsdh{lo ol le `hc{e cerev ao jhs èje{ ol cgoihol etojq{es ro{inhses, uo tolhs qejqhs ijchjsciojqos qojqe{ol, s tovoschl {os`qeahs aosesq{hshs* Jossos e{{okeqelojqhs re{e h e`qh, qolhs r{iloi{hao ejeìse{ uo ahso aeuoè {oth`h kih`nice, uo re{e h ghlol eqe` eto{aeaoi{e osri{iqeìaeao, rhaol srh{qe{ es jhsses chjaios eqeis= qolhsao osqae{ ejqos ue` h n{e ao {e{odeh eqlhsd{ice uo rhaol srh{qe{jhsshs r`los eijae jh gekiqeahs, sol uo diuolhs sdhceahs, sol {osri{eh* Sol atiae, le n{ejao d o l aosofh e{aojqo sh hs ilr`shs leiseaoueahs e jhs e{{ejce{ ao keiwh re{e jhs èje{ re{e h e`qh* Les hs ceshs ao

so{os uo to{aeaoi{elojqo hs rhssol sh {e{hs, eh ressh uo es òis kih`nices sh d{{oes re{e qhahs* En{oaiès, chjq{e oès olrojgejah e leih{ keqe`gekih`nice, uo e ahs sejqhs, rhao aosojceaoe{ chjq{e js q{olojaes {oeos,roès ueis rhao{olhs so{ osleneahs, so qito{lhs siah ijceqhs o so jhs ol rojge{lhs chl òtiejaeao je `qe, sro{osqilejah jhsses dh{es* Rh{ isshdeì{el qh liso{eto`lojqo qejqes qojqeqites ao sro{eh, ijicieaes sol òte{ol chjqe qah issh*

Deèlhs ao rh`qice chlh ao l lhlojqh ah dojlojh shcie`, uo l

lhlojqh ah dojlojh kih`nich, uo rh{ se tov l lhlojqh ah dojlo


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Rioq{h _keài R[HK@OLES EQ_EIS ;;

jh cslich* E rh`qice, rh{qejqh, qhae ch`hceae `hnicelojqo jl uea{h aodi`hshdie ah jito{sh* Tolhs, rhis, chlh, jh eqe` rèjh glejh ae tiae, to{aeaoi{h h r{jciro ao Leuieto` o uo aidicàeao owisqo ol ijq{havi{josso rèjh h oòlojqh lh{e` o osri{iqe`* Je tiae shcie`, h c{isqiejislh `qe

ol th g ahis li`jihs josqo sojqiah* Les fsqelojqo uol ejeìse {ecihje`lojqo h dojlojh, aejahso chjqe ao qhaes es aidicàeaos, uo osq leiserqh e h{iojq`h jh sojqiah rhsiqith, chl leih{ r{hkekiìaeao ao wiqh* Olhq{hs qo{lhs, uo{olhs to{ eui, jh eqe` n{e ao oth`h gleje, uejqhrhsse e rh`qice chjqo{ ao oòlojqh lh{e` o osri{iqe`, sol cei{ je qhrie* Sessil rhao{olhs dice{ jh qo{{ojh r{qich, deèjah rhsiqitelojqo ehs ghlojsao eh ao chises uo oòs f`nel dh{e ao so lkiqh, re{e aolhjsq{e{`gosuejqh, eh chjq{{ih, osqes `go aivol {osroiqh o chlh ro{inhsh injh{ès,

rhaojah csqe{ ce{h aosciaès* S aosso lhah rhao deè{so ao dh{le rhsiqite, jh qo{{ojh rh`qich, ao oòlojqhs lh{eis o osri{iqeis*

Kih`hnicelojqo, hs nhto{jejqos sh hs resqh{os ao l {okejgh uo aoòsosro{e o owino nie o r{hqoh* Aosrhfeahs ao qhaes es dh{les owqo{ih{os, es{oèos ojq{o nhto{jejqos o nhto{jeahs, o ticoto{se, sh liqh silròs* Shosqekoòciaes roès owinjcies ae `qe roè tiae* [oaviae e rh`qice e osqeleis silròs owr{ossh, hs sisqoles ao osch`ge 'sofe loaiejqo {oth`h hoòih) o hs sisqoles ao nhto{jh 'sofel qhqeìq{ihs h {or{osojqeqiths), ol kh{e aito{shs je dh{le, ouiteòlso je sksqjcie* Ao ueùo{ lhah, hchjaqh{ aoto qo{ solr{o es losles ueìaeaos, isqh , so{ h leis gki`, hleis dh{qo, h uo a lo`gh{os ne{ejqies ao aodose, ao r{hsro{iaeao o ao r{hn{ossh* Isqh h uo owinol hs rhths ao sos nhto{jejqos, h sofe, h clr{ilojqh ae djh kih`nice ao uo so ijclkol* Les, jh djah, e tiae uo,eq{ets ah ijsqijqh ahs rhths, owino uo ceae l clr{e e qe{ode uo `go ceko*Ghfo, h ljah aiscqo liqh hs lqhahs ro`hs ueis so rhao cgone{ eh rhao{,

uo{ rh{ oòih h {oth`h6 roè cgeleae ìt{o osch`ge jes aolhc{ecies h roè ilrhsih, chl e oìlijeh ahs {iteis* Les sh erojes ahis lqhahsaito{shs, ol sksqjcie djaelojqeahs ine`lojqo je dh{e o je esqcie* Jhcesh ae aolhc{ecie, e dh{e ah aijgoi{h, leis {ouijqeae uo e dh{e k{qe,uo oìlije hs r{oqojaojqos ijilinhs, sojah e esqcie lojhs rhìcie` o do{hv*Ao deqh, rh{l, ossos ahis lqhahs, olkh{e aido{ojqolojqo othàhs, {oavolso jh djah losle `qe roè tiae, eijae uo so lejidosqol ol aesdh{les aito{ses*


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E `qe e chjaih r{ilh{aie` ae oth`h, uo le `hjne osceae uoqolhs ao ski{ chl osdh{h jhssh* Ae h chjqjh osdh{h re{e olo{ni{ aeschjaios ijdo{ih{os ae tiae, tojcojah e aosroiqh ah elkiojqo o e aosroiqh aoqhahs* Ol jhssh rèjh, sinjidice osse `qe h oslenelojqh ao ueùo{ {ite` ao

jhsse tiae* So, elejg, eh othì{, e soòh qhle{ le dh{le leis er{eae,qojaojah r{hah ao l qirh leis chjsciojqo o osri{iqe`, ghfo e `qe so{to,jh ojqejqh, re{e e soòh ah leis dh{qo ueso uo shlojqo ol sojqiah ejile`, rh{uo osqo enh{e h qirh kih`nich ahlijejqo je Qo{{e* Ol tisqe aissh, er{iloi{e chise uo hs rhths owinol ao sos to{aeaoi{hs cgodos e dh{e* Re{e{oeìve{ h n{ejao osdh{h ae oth`h, h ljah r{hc{e solr{o e dh{e* Rh{issh e l`go{ eah{e h ghlol, hs rhk{os ijtofel hs {ichs, hs ijdo{ih{os je osceè shcie` hkoaocol e sos sro{ih{os* H cgodo ao l rhth , ol `qile ej

ìso, h ghlol rei ao le n{ejao delìe* Leis uo khjaeao o elh{, ueìaeaos dolijijes, roaolso`go es ueìaeaos ti{is ah rhao{ o ae cereciaeao aoahljih, jices uo h eqh{ivel eh lejah* E tiae owino jh cgodo uo nie, hqirh lo`gh{ ae {ee, les lo`gh{ ol {oèh o ol r{hrh{h e oè* essil uoceae rhth, sonjah so n{e ao oth`h, r{ocise, chlh cgodo, ao l qirh kih`nich othàh ol r{hrh{h e oò, rh{qejqh jol liqh ijthàh, re{euo jh sofe aosr{oveah rh{ osqe{ liqh keiwh, jol qh othàh, uo sofeijchlr{oojaiah, rh{uo liqh e`qh* Rh{ issh so aiv uo hs rhths ql h nhto{jh uo lo{ocol* Les rhao aivo{so qelkl uo hs cgodos ql h rhth uolo{ocol* Ojq{o nhto{jejqos o rhths, so aoto geto{ co{qe aisqjcie oth`qitere{e osqekoòco{ e sro{ih{iaeao ah chjaqh{, qelkl aoto geto{ co{qe edijiaeao, olkh{e issh ilrìuo aodoiqh, qe` uo ro{liqe e chljiceh, jocoss{iere{e osqekoòco{ e sijqhjiveh*

H cgodo, ghlol rei ao se n{ejao delìe, uo so rhth, chlh e `hchlhqite ao l q{ol uo ek{o h celijgh re{e d{ojqo, aiejqo ah chlkhih* ch

lh h ijaitah osch`giah uo nie es lin{eos aes etos* [ois, ilro{eah{os,r{osiaojqos ao {orkìce oqc*, qhahs owisqi{el o owisqol rh{uo e tiae r{ociseaoòs re{e clr{ilojqh ao le djh kih`nice jocoss{ie6 e ao nie* Ehcgodo, qhaes es ghj{es, e {iuove, e hkoaijcie* Les e tiae jh a chise e`nle rh{ jeae, o h ijsqijqh ahs rhths h seko* Osse ghlojenol jh n{eqiqere{e h cgodo, les erojes le re{qo ao l chjq{eqh kièqo{e`, rh{ issh h rhthowino ah èah hrhsqh cereciaeao, fsqie, aodose* H rhth hkoaoco, rene es qewes, a sos di`ghs re{e uo e rq{ie hs sec{idiuo ol aodose r{r{ie, les uo{

so{ renh ao qah h uo a, re{e h kol ao qhahs, chl e h{aol ijqo{je 'aodose


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chjq{e es lijh{ies en{ossites), chl e ne{ejqie ae r{hr{ioaeao o ae delìe,chl se ìko{aeao jhs ìliqos ah uo `ciqh, chl e aodose chjq{e hs ijilinhsowqo{jhs* E r{hrenejae rhao c{ie{ le rsich`hnie e{qidicie` e so lhah, leserojes aojq{h aossos ìliqos* Rh{ leis uo so eè{aoio uo l rhth jetone je

ekjajcie, oò chlr{oojao{ solr{o uejah, eh ijts, h aoth{e e lis{ie= rh{ leis uo so `go uoi{e chjtojco{ uo oò tojco, oò solr{o ro{coko{uejah ro{ao*

Uejah, rh{ owolr`h, seijah ah silròs o jh{le` qo{{ojh ealijisq{eqithh rh`qich, l cgodo ojq{e jl fhnh leih{, ae tiae h lh{qo ae jeh, olrojgejahso jle no{{e, h rhth ojqh aosro{qe o er{e h h`ge{* Hs fh{jeis,ueso solr{o cgoihs ao c{jices oscejae`hses h c{ilijeis, ao ro{shjeìslhso shjdo{hs, ao ijqo{ossos les h j`hs sojah qe`tov lo`gh{, rh{qejqh, jol

``hsqh{jelso josse hcesih e{aojqos o tiqeis, rh{uo dh{qo e ojq{eae re{eh fhnh ae tiae, o oòs {onisq{el hs n{ejaos echjqocilojqhs uo chjsqiqol egisq{ie* Ijsqijqitelojqo aosro{qe e lojqo ahs rhths, rh{uo sojqol uo hch{{o e`nh n{eto* Aiejqo ahs ijqo{ossos ae tiae, es jh{leis ticissiqaos rh`qices ore{èlojqe{os ql te`h{ ao c{jice o kheqh ao eàoie* O osqo, eh chjq{{ih, hlhlojqh ol uo h cgodo leis chjq{hèah roè hrijih rkìce, owinijahaoò uo aosolrojgo se djh* H rhth hkoaoco o dev sec{idcihs* H cgodochjqije e lejae{ o roai{* So h cgodo tojco, chl oò tojco e jeh, chl oòq{ijde o q{iraie, er{htoiqejah qhahs fjqhs ahs aosrhfhs csqe ah ijilinh*O q{ijdel qhahs je tiq{ie ae tiae* So, eh ijts, h cgodo ro{ao, e tiae uo,jhs ijsqijqhs ah rhth, so sojqo ao{{hqeae* Oè ojqh, eq{ets aosso ijsqijqh,{oth`qeso chjq{e h cgodo uo qoto e r{oqojsh ao seko{ aosolrojge{ le djh o jh e aosolrojgh* Jh so k{ijce chl e tiae* E tiae {or{hte jhs owelos leqejah sos e`jhs* Osqe se ìjnenol chjc{oqe* [okoèlso ojqh hsrhths o leqel h aoro so cgodo, cgelejahh ao q{eiah{* Q{eiah{ ao uol8

Ae tiae, uo {oe`lojqo so sojqo q{eae rh{ uol essli l olrojgh tiqe`sol h seko{ lejqo{ aorhis* Osso sisqole ao ìuiaeh rhao{ aosere{oco{chl e oth`h, les jh{le` o chjsiao{eah ònqilh ol jhssh rèjh ijthàh, eijae jh jto` ejile`* Osqofe eqojqh, rhis, uol so ojq{one eh rhao{ aedh{e, rh{uo jh `go so{ aoiweae hq{e e`qo{jeqite* Uol ijn{osse josso qo{{ojh, so ecesh ro{ao{, jh rhao{ osro{e{ rioaeao, khjaeao h fsqie, rhis oòloslh, eh rojoq{e{ jh qo{{ojh kìch, rh{ leis uo uoi{e o rhsse fsqidice{so, ch`hchso dh{e ah celrh aosses dh{es, uo jh leis h ssqojqe{h* Les,

so tojco{, aolhjsq{ejah chl issh so{ to{aeaoi{elojqo leis dh{qo, ojqh qah


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Rioq{h _keài R[HK@OLES EQ_EIS ;?

osq re{e oò6 n`{ie, rhao{ o eq e kjh ao Aos* Oò osc{oto{ e gisq{ie eso lhah, osqekoòco{ se to{aeao o e diwe{ jle jhte h{aol, ol uo qhahshs tojciahs osqe{h sfoiqhs e oò* Rhao{ eq {otosqi{so ao fsqicoi{h o, essilceldèah, c{ie{ q{ikjeis, ojcoje{ r{hcosshs o oleje{ sojqojes ol jhlo ae

fsqie chjq{e sos ijilinhs, cgelejahhs ao c{ilijhshs ao no{{e h chisesolo`gejqo* Chjqah jh rojso oò uo, so, eh chjq{{ih, qitosso ro{aiah, jhqo{ie siah f`neah o chjaojeah chl h loslh sisqole ao fsqie* O jh jhtiaeao uo, jes e`qo{jjcies aes ticissiqaos ae tiae, sofel tojciahs hs tojcoah{os o aor{eahs hs aor{eah{os*

Osqe e {oeìaeao leis to{aeaoi{e uo so ecge osc{iqe jh djah aes òis kih`nices* Aiejqo aossos, liqhs r{hkòles rh`qichs sh uosqos ao dh{le, lhaeìaeaos ao sro{dcio, `qe re{e uo toje l ghlol eh ijts ao hq{h* Rh{

q{s ao qah osq e {oeìaeao kih`nice, uo h ssqojqe, owrìce o fsqidice, solr{o r{hjqe e ti{ qhje, seijah ao se r{hdjaiaeao* Aiejqo aoè, h sisqole {or{osojqeqith, uo e e`njs re{oco ghfo e rejecoie re{e qhahs hs leòs rh`qichs, uosqh ao dh{le* Eh chjq{{ih, kih`hnicelojqo, sksqiqi{ h jich cgodoao delìe, rei ao sos di`ghs, rh{ le essolkòie oòqite ao reisaodelìe,osch`giahs ro`hs di`ghsuo aoto{iel, eh ijts, hkoaoco{ eh rei, leis to`gh oleis skihre{oco l o{{h* E tiae so erone ao r{odo{jcie eh r{ijcrih eksh`qisqe o qhqeìq{ih, uo h r{ijcrih qohc{qich ae eqh{iaeao, ah rhao{ eksh`qh, chjcoaiah eh lo`gh{, uo h ro`h r{r{ih rèjh ao tiae eh ue` oò ro{qojco* Les e tiae dev qah issh erojes skh{aijejahso e le djh, ao uo,aorhis, owino h aosolrojgh* Es òis kih`nices chjcoaol rhao{os eksh`qhs,les owro{ilojqel o owelijel h ijaitah e ceae lhlojqh, {oqi{ejahhs qh`hnh osqo jh hs qiìvo re{e hs aotiahs dijs o q{eie, essil, e djh re{e e ueèuoòs rhao{os `go dh{el chjcoaiahs* H sisqole {or{osojqeqith, aosro{shjeìvejah h rhao{, r{hc{e otiqe{ osses sejos do{hvos* Hs sisqoles qhqeìq{ihs o

ao rhao{ eksh`qh r{oslol l cgodo {oèqitelojqo ro{doiqh* Sojah isqh liqh {e{h, oòs so q{ejsdh{lel liqes tovos ol qi{ejie h, rh{ ijerqiah, ol {je* Aiejqo aosses ro{srocqites, {os`qejqos ao owro{ijcies kol a{es ae gisq{ie, uo jesco e fsqe {oeh chjq{e hs nhto{jhs eksh`qhs o qhqeìq{ihs* Lesl re{qiah rh`qich, ol ròjh sisqole re{èlojqe{, so hkqito{ e leih{ie 'uo,chl h sisqole ao r{hrenejae oòiqh{e` o e ijchjscijcie aes lesses, jjce soseko so {oe`lojqo ch{{osrhjao e le thjqeao ae jeh) rhao owo{co{ e losleqi{ejie h, rh{ ijerqiah, òte{ losle {je*


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Uol , ojqh, uo to{aeaoi{elojqo ai{ino le jeh8 h loslh rojselojqh uo ai{ino e gisq{ie* Ol le ch`loie ao eko`ges h ol l jijgh aoq{liqes jh g jojgl cgodo tisto`* E {eijge ro hs hths o aodojaiae, les uol lojhs lejae* Jijnl lejae, o qhahs je chòqitiaeao osqh skh{ai

jeahs djh* @hnh uo jh osqofel leis ol chjaios ao aosolrojgè,sh ìuiaeahs* H uo chjsqiqi h ai{oiqh erojes e cereciaeao ao aosolrojge{ so r{r{ih aoto{ re{qicè{* Uol lejae ao deqh ojqh h ijtisto` rojselojqh ae tiae, uo eq{iki hs rhao{os ol r{hrh{h djh o chlh loihao aosolrojgè* l lejah ejjilh, ilrosshe`, hjir{osojqo, h ue`, jeochjhlie qiìq{ie ae tiae, osq ìneah djh, uo e jice uo a ai{oiqhso rhao{os* Essil hch{{o je tiae shcie` aes jeos* E, cgodos o sisqoles sh{oèqiths, lqtois, dicqcihs* Sh r{e dh{le h ijsq{lojqhs* So, e`l aoòs,

uiso{lhs ecge{ e sksqjcie, isqh , uol uo to{aeaoi{elojqo lejae oai{ino, qolhs uo {och{{o{, chlh jes shcioaeaos ejileis, eh rojselojqh o thjqeao ae tiae, uo lejhk{e qhahs, re{qijah ah jqilh aoòs, lhtojahhssol uo oòs so aool chjqe* Es lesses, chl odoiqh, sojqol o lejidosqel hrojselojqh chòqith rh{ ijsqijqh o ecgel h celijgh uo ql ao soni{ rh{ijqih* Oès jh seko{iel aivo{ rh{ uo h sonol* Uol ojqh uo rojserh{ oès o `gos ijsqiè es iaoies eaoueaes eh lhlojqh8 to{aeao uo es l`qiaos sh ijsqineaes o èjeaes, les s eq co{qh rhjqh, rh{uo, le tov èjeaes, ol no{e` jh hkoaocol leis, qejqh uo es {othòs chsqlel leqe{sos r{iloi{hs r{hlhqh{os* Uol rhao{ie chjdie{ je rh`qice, so jh shkossouo eq{s aoè o rh{ q{s ahs o{{hs, aes `hc{es o ahs aoìqhs ahs ghlojs uo edevol, owisqo h fvh o e sekoah{ie ao l rojselojqh sro{ih{8 Osq rh{ eceshe rh`qice dh{e ae tiae o ah Chslh8 O so osqo osq jh sijnè{ o, rh{qejqh, chlh qol uo dice{ jh sijnè{, ai{iniah roè ilejjcie ao Aos, chlh rhao erh`qice oscere{ e osso rhao{ o òi jito{se`8 Ao deqh, ecile ao nhto{jejqos o

nhto{jeahs, g l cgodo sr{olh uo, ai{inijah qhae e tiae, hs ai{ino qelklre{e hs dijs leis e`qhs, e`l aoòs, uo osqh ilo{shs je `qe ro`h q{ijdh rosshe` o jh rhaol t`hs* Ojqh, ol `qile ejìso, uol se`te es jeos, erose{ ao qhahs hs o{{hs o onhslhs glejhs, h r{r{ih rojselojqh o thjqeaouo ai{ino e gisq{ie, o qah qiìve chlh loih re{e uo so clr{e e oth`h*

Hkso{tolhs enh{e leis ao ro{qh h rojselojqh ao Leuieto` ol so H

R{jciro, re{e chlr{oojao{ lo`gh{ rh{ uo lhqith o eq uo rhjqh ch{{osrhj

ao to{aeao le ìjnenol qh c{e= re{e seko{ so rhaol, o eq uo ìliqo,


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Rioq{h _keài R[HK@OLES EQ_EIS ;>

so{ ecoiqhs qeis chjcoiqhs o to{ ao uo lhah rhaol so{ chlròqeahs jh celrhosri{iqe`, uo Leuieto` injh{e* R{hc{e{olhs aosso lhah q{ee{ le din{eleis chlròqe ah r{jciro, jh `ne{ aeuoè lqièae je re{qo sro{ih{ osri{iqe`qh jocoss{ie tiaeuo {os`qe ae tish leqo{ieìsqe aosso osc{iqh{*

Cgeloso r{jciro, {oi, ilro{eah{, r{osiaojqo, chjaqh{, cgodo, oqc*, eijae uoso lao e dh{le ao oòih o ao nhto{jh, h ghlol uo osq jh òlo ao losqeah qol solr{o e losle djh, aotojah devo{ h loslh q{eke`gh, rhis,aiejqo aes òis ae tiae, shko eh rhao{ o h owo{co roès losles {evos* Aiejqoao l r{hkòle qh ilrh{qejqo, ue` osqekoòco{ hs eq{ikqhs o h chlrh{qelojqh ah sr{olh cgodo ao Osqeah, aeuoò uo qol ol lhs es {aoes aejeh o ahjh ae eètejce ao chlejah, aiejqo ao l r{hkòle qh sksqejcie` re{e e tiae ahs rhths, Leuieto` aolhjsq{e erojes le rsich`hnie r{qice,

qiìq{ie, chl dijs ìliqeahs o iloaieqhs, chlh h ao tojco{ leqo{ie`lojqo,skfne{ hs rhths o ro{lejoco{ jh rhao{* Jle tish qh {oe`sqice, jh ojqejqh qh {osq{iqe, oscerel`go chlròqelojqo es leis e`qes djos r{r{ies ehchjaqh{ ao rhths, uo, so uiso{ so{ chlròqh, jh rhao r{oscijai{ ahs ilrhjao{tois te`h{os ah osr{iqh* H{e, l cgodo essil seko{ skloqo{ o ahlije{, seko{ lejqo{ se rhsih, seko{ tojco{ hs {iteis, les chjqije{ qhqe`lojqo injh{ejqo ae jice {evh uo `go fsqidice h owo{ccih ah lejah, isqh ,uo h rhao{ jh dil ol si loslh, les erojes l loih re{e eqijni{ hs sro{ih{os dijs ae tiae* De`qe e Leuieto` le tesqe tish kih`nice re{e {oècihje{ qhaes es dh{les ao tiae chòqite, loslh jh ljah ejile`, o essil chlr{oojao{ uo es òis uo nhto{jel qhahs hs so{os s chjcoaol rhao{os re{eaosolrojge{ le djh o ol r{hrh{h e oè* Essil Leuieto` jh ro{coko uo chloqo l o{{h kih`nich* De`qe`go le tish cslice, je ue` ijaisrojsto` ojuea{e{ ueùo{ to{aeao, loslh e lojh{ jh chjqijnojqo*So {oeìslh h aoiwe docgeah jle {oeìaeao rouoje, ao {os`qeahs iloaie

qhs= se ejìso, loslh to{aeaoi{e, qh owc`sitelojqo r{ose erojes ehsdeqhs chjc{oqhs, ahs ueis jh ijaene es {evos r{hdjaes, uo a e ilr{osshae tisqe c{qe ao l lhro* Oò jh h`ge h uo osq eq{s aossos deqhs jol hlhqith rh{ uo echjqocol* silrìsqe, ijnjh, sro{dicie`*

Essil, lhsq{ejhs Leuieto` le {oeìaeao to{aeaoi{e, les q{isqo o cg,docgeae ol si losle, sol osro{eje ao oth`h* Ch{{osrhjao osse tish ehchjcoiqh uo eq ghfo, je r{qice, qelkl so qol ah rhao{, h sofe, le owr`h{eh ae rhsih ao lejah re{e e owc`site tejqenol onhsqe rosshe`* Qah

issh, eijae uo to{aeaoi{elojqo hkfoqith, jh s ro e j qhae e to{nhjghse


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keiwove ah ghlol o so osqeah ao ijthàh, chlh eijae aolhjsq{e c{esseinjh{jcie aes òis ae tiae, je `hce r{osjh ao uo{o{ ilrh{so e oès* Aodeqh, uo {os`qeahs hkqito{el hs jlo{hshs souevos ao Leuieto`, sojh eijsqekiìaeao ao qah o ao qhahs, `qes o {jes chjqjes8 Issh rh{uo jh

chlr{oojao{el e òi roè ue` e tiae qi{e h rhao{, uejah osso jh seahre{e aosolrojgh ao le djh= rh{uo jh chlr{oojao{el uo e owr`h{eh re{e dijs onhsqichs l fhnh ao dh{es ijsqtois, uo, so jh ssqojqeaes,qojao rh{ se jeq{ove e {i{* Essil, eijae uo sofe e se le ch{efhse aocè{eh ao to{aeao, Leuieto` sejcihje, jh djah, o er{hte l q{isqo osqeah aodeqh, h uo {or{osojqe jh s le eqh{iveh ilh{e` re{e ijsisqi{ joò, aosaouo tol ecoiqh o fsqidiceah chlh ònqilh, les {or{osojqe, eh èah ao lo{{h kih`nich, qelkl le ijsqineh e cei{ o {ocei{ joò re{e hs ijceqhs uo

joò ec{oaiqel* osse euioscjcie o {ochjgocilojqh, leis ah uo se injh{jcie, uo jhs {ornje ol Leuieto`, isqh , se qhqe` esjcie ao {oth`qe,uo qol ao so{ doiqe ol jhlo ao l dil leis e`qh, re{e h ue` qojao e tiae* Huo gh{{to` ol Leuieto` jh e to{aeao uo oò aiv, les h deqh uo oò eecoiqe, dicejah docgeah aojq{h aoè, chjtojciah, sol sojqi{ e jocossiaeao aoqojqe{ ueùo{ celijgh ao seae* Essil, so coqicislh chjnjiqh so {oav ele esdiwiejqo osq{oiqove ao tish*

H jich qo{{ojh r{qich ol uo Leuieto` rhaie ojchjq{e{so chl hs deqh{os osri{iqeis o{e h c{isqiejislh* Les e {oìnih dhi rh{ oò {oòneae dh{e aoso qole, owcàe ahs joncihs ao Osqeah* Ol so qo{{ojh, hs te`h{os osri{iqeis qijgel kol rhch rosh, o aoòs oò s ti hs ghlojs uo leqo{ie`lojqohs {or{osojqetel je Qo{{e, ìneahs rh{ ijqo{ossos jle chìneh rh`qice*E`l aissh, oò o{e òteah e owe`qe{, chlh Jioqvcgo, e dh{e, e ch{enol o etiq{ie ahs ghlojs ao eh, o jh rhaie co{qelojqo chlr{oojao{ h uo rhaogeto{ ao chjc{oqh jes ti{qaos ae gliàeao o osri{iqeìaeao, qh le` {or{o

sojqeae ol so ljah* Leuieto` jjce ssroiqh uo, e`l aosses dh{les,ghtosso le {oeìaeao rhsiqite, qejqh uejqh e aosc{iqe rh{ oò= uo ghtossote`h{os osri{iqeis chl l rosh eijae leih{ uo hs rh{ oò hkso{teahs= uoghtosso hq{es òis o hq{hs r{ijcrihs, cfe injh{jcie o ijhkso{tjcie rhaiel r{havi{ aosesq{os loslh ol so ljah r{qich, uo qol ses h{inojsjosses òis o jossos r{ijcrihs* S rhaolhs chlr{oojao{ Leuieto` tojahhch`hceah jh èah joneqith, ijdo{ih{, ijthàh ah sisqole* Les f tilhs, jhsth`los r{ocoaojqos, uo osqe to{aeao s sksisqo jhs rèjhs ijdo{ih{os o uo,

eh ski{lhs, oè aosere{oco, rhis e ojq{elhs jhs rèjhs leis e`qhs, ol uo


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dicel conhs hs rojseah{os aosso qirh o ere{ocol to{aeaos sro{ih{os, uoowrìcel o te`h{ivel qhaes es chises aito{selojqo*

Jh qo{{ojh ao Leuieto`, es ti{qaos lh{eis ql te`h{ joneqith, isqh , jhsh chjuisqe eqijniae rh{ sro{eh, les {ojjcie o ro{ae* jeq{e` uo es

chises, tisqes ao keiwh, lhsq{ol l esrocqh hrhsqh eh uo so t h`gejahes ahe`qh* Rh{ issh, jh{le`lojqo, e khjaeao otejnìce chjdjaiae chl d{euoveo ijnojiaeao* Ceae f`nelojqh osq doiqh ol r{hrh{h chl h lhao`h r{hrhsqh* essil uo e chjcorh ao Leuieto` rhao re{oco{, e uol tofe eschises ah e`qh, l olkh{celojqh ao te`h{os o le skto{sh ao iaoeis, qejqhuejqh osqos rhaol re{oco{ `hces qhries so h`geahs ao keiwh* Essil, otiqejah qhah r{ijcrih sro{ih{, Leuieto` jhs aoìjoie le din{e ao r{jciro kolr{hrh{cihjeae se djh ao ahleah{, qe` chlh h osqeah ijthàh ahs rh

ths owino aoò, o, eh loslh qolrh, aoiwe kol cè{h, ol se hkfoqitiaeao, uoe jih uo osq{oiqe ojq{o si nhto{jejqos o nhto{jeahs, ro`h deqh ao kesoe{sojh ijqo{osso chll, q{ejsdh{leso ol `qe uejah osqo de`ge o uo, rh{qejqh,l sejqh cgoih ao khjaeao jh rhao nhto{je{ je Qo{{e*

Rh{ issh Leuieto` jol souo{ chjqe chl e khjaeao ao sojqilojqh ah rhth o echjso`ge h cgodo e kesoe{so leis jh qo{{h{ uo rhsse ijcqi{ ah uo jhelh{ uo rhsse ijsri{e{* leis son{h so{ qoliah ah uo eleah* H elh{,aiv oò , l tjc`h uo, kol aor{osse, uok{eah, rh{ qiìaeao r{r{ie,ro`hs ghlojs uo sh le`teahs, les h qolh{ lejqiah ro`h loah ah cesqinh,

uo feleis aosere{oco* Je losle h{aol ao iaoies, aosojth`tiaes rh{ Jioqvcgo, lhtoso Giqò{, so aiscr`h, ol so ìt{h Loij Melrd ja @o koj, hjao aiv6 H qo{{h{ jh tojciah ro`h osr{iqh, les rh{ hq{h qo{{h{ine`* Rhis kol, ghfo e chlròqe ao{{hqe ae Eòlejge ojsije e qhahs uoc{ool jh qo{{h{ uo osqo jh kesqe re{e tojco{* Les geto{ e`nl uo feleisqojge er{ojaiah es ìos ae gisq{ie8 De`hso qejqh ao ilrhjao{to` je `qi

le no{{e, sol so chlr{oojao{ uo oò qh rhjao{to`, uo rhao aosq{i{ esjeos, uejah osqes tihèl hs r{ijcrihs ae @oi* Rh{ ossos r{ijcrihs, `hnhuo jesco l qo{{h{, s{no, rh{ oui`k{ih, l chjq{eqo{{h{, o elkhs qojaol eleqe{so {ocir{hcelojqo, re{e so eqhoìlije{ol* E @oi rojoq{e qelkl jhljah rh`qich, o oè chjsisqo jh sonijqo6 uol dev h le`, h dev e si loslh, ouol dev h kol, h dev e si loslh* E {oìnih ah aih l sicaih* E gisq{ie le ceaoie ijqo{lijto` ao tijnejes o chjq{etijnejes, uo, rh{ issh, feleis so {osh`tol, no{ejah erojes l chjqjh shd{ilojqh* Qh{jeso ijaisroj

sto`, rh{qejqh, le glejiaeao leis ijqoìnojqo o othàe re{e chlr{ooj


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ao{ qah issh* Rhao geto{, ol shcioaeaos leis citiìveaes, hq{es {oèos, uojh so chjsqiqel, chlh es eqeis, jh oslenelojqh lqh, uo r{oahlijejhs rèjhs ijdo{ih{os ae tiae* Jhs rèjhs leis oòteahs, ojq{el ol eh hq{es dh{es o hq{hs oòlojqhs* Chl e oth`h, es {oèos so qh{jel leis

setos o so ero{doihel, e tiae so er{e o rhao q{ijde{ ao hq{hs lhahs* Shs r{iliqiths ec{oaiqel uo shlojqo chl e do{hciaeao so rhao tojco{*Jhs nhto{jhs ahs rhths, ghfo jocoss{ih l ar`h q{eke`gh6 r{iloi{h h

qo{ich, uo t eh `hjno, uo aoschk{o o ijaice e loqe= aorhis h r{qich o eje`qich, uo {oeìve e eh* Sh jocoss{ies aes tisqes6 le re{e hs gh{ivhjqos`hjnjuhs, hq{e re{e h chjqijnojqo r{wilh* E r{iloi{e {otoè hs r{ijcrihsjito{seis, aejah es n{ejaos ìjges ao h{iojqeh= e sonjae ojq{e jhs re{qicè{os, hcrejahso ae eqeh* E r{iloi{e e ksshè= e sonjae, h òlo* Osqe

aoto chjgoco{ e to{aeao ao Leuieto`, uo osq je {oeìaeao ae tiae, e hq{eaoto chjgoco{ hs chjcoiqhs djaelojqeis, uo owrìcel qah issh o ahs ueisqah ao{ite* _l q{eke`gh owqo{ih{ ao eqeh= h hq{h, l q{eke`gh ijqo{ih{ao chlr{oojsh* Re{e eni{, ijaisrojsto` e lojqo uo ai{ino o h k{eh uoowocqe*

co{qh uo, je r{qice, h wiqh ao l ghlol rh`qich so{ qejqh leis dci` o{riah uejqh leis oò so hcre{ ao {osh`to{ hs r{hkòles rouojhs o qejntois, uo es lesses lo`gh{ chlr{oojaol* Osses, seqisdoiqes, ecèleljh ojqh* rh{ osso wiqh chjqijnojqo uo sh eq{eahs hs cgodos ao lojh{ e`cejcotise`, rhis so niel ro`h tisto` o iloaieqh* Les, so osso q{ijdh rhao jesco{ae seqisdeh ahs aosofhs ah rhth, inje{h ahs n{ejaos dijs ae gisq{ie, oò , jhojqejqh, ao odoiqh q{ejsiq{ih, r{hrh{cihje` eh te`h{ ah q{eke`gh {oeìveah* Lesg hq{h wiqh, ìneah e uol so ai{ino re{e es n{ejaos loqes `hjnjues aejeh, loslh so, ao lhlojqh, jh rao{ seqisdevo{ es lesses* Osqo hq{h wiqh kol leis a{eah{h o liqh leis ilrh{qejqo, rh{uo, eke{cejah gh{ivhj

qos leis tesqhs o `hjnjuhs o hro{ejah {oeìveos leih{os o leis r{hdjaes, r{hrh{cihje` eh te`h{ ah q{eke`gh owocqeah* Jh ojqejqh h r{iloi{h chjaqh{so{ er{ocieah iloaieqelojqo, o h sonjah erojes liqh eh dil ae tiae haorhis ao lh{qh, shlojqo ers qo{ol siah {oeìveaes osses chises dq{es*

H ghlol rh`qich ouiìk{eah aoto{ r{hc{e{ lejqo{so ojq{o ossos ahisowq{olhs, rh{uo, so l aoto{ re{e oò rojse{ jh dq{h ae jeh, qelklle jocossiaeao ro{lejoco{ jh rhao{, seqisdevojah hs c{ok{hs loahc{os aeleih{ie, ahs ueis fsqelojqo aorojao h rhao{ chl h sisqole oòqith* H cgodo

aoto so{, eh loslh qolrh, l qo{ich o l r{qich h, ro`h lojhs, so jh


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qito{ ol si osses aes ueìaeaos hrhsqes, aoto co{ce{so ao chjso`goi{hs uo,chl sos c{ok{hs, `go dh{joel osqos {os`qeahs* H qo{ich h`ge hs {os`qeahs{olhqhs, h r{qich hkso{te hs r{wilhs* S ers `hjnh qolrh uo liqhsrouojhs resshs ah sonjah rhao{h chk{i{ l ressh, liqh leih{, ah r{i

loi{h o chijciai{ chl oò* Osqo q{eke`ge re{e hs tijah{hs, euoò re{e hs r{osojqos* Es aes ai{oos sh chlròlojqe{os* H rh`qich jocossiqe ao le ksshè uo h h{iojqo o h nio jh s jhs ceshs re{qicè{os iloaieqhs lesqelkl jes n{ejaos ìjges, sol h uo celijge{ s cones, sol loqes, o feleis rhao{ olr{oojao{ n{ejaos chises* H qo{ich, rh{ se tov, r{ocise ao lowocqh{ r{qich, sol h uo se tish ro{lejoco{ie sol eqeh* H co{qh uo, uejqh leih{ dh{ h rh`qich o leis `hjnh e`cejco qito{, lojhs so{ chlr{oojaiah jh lhlojqh* Uejqh leis dh{ rihjoi{h, qejqh leis qe{ao so{ owe`

qeah* Qh{jeso ojqh go{hice se tiae, rh{uo oò sec{idiceso, e si loslh o esses seqisdeos o q{ijdhs iloaieqhs, {ojjciejah s ses r{r{ies aodoses,ro`h kol ah dq{h ae jeh* O, so l rhth sol chlr{oojsh `go qi{e{ h rhao{, fsqh uo tojge e cei{ shk ahljih ao cgodos ao lojh{ te`h{ o uo, essil, so {oqe{ao h so r{hn{ossh*

Re{e Leuieto`, h owo{ccih ah rhao{ re{oco chjdieah erojes e le ceaoieao q{eios* Les cgone{ ghfo h ljah e so{ ijqoìnojqo h kesqejqo re{e chlr{oojao{ uo isqh le dk{ice ao leòs uo ojtojojel h e{, eqijnijah e qhahs8 Re{e Leuieto`, h cgodo aoto so{ silèah{ o aissilèah{, rh{uo ekhjaeao {e{e, les jh e osqriaov, o h uo ojneje ecge{ solr{o uol soaoiwo ojneje{* Sol atiae, osqe e e{qo ao devo{ ae Qo{{e l ijdo{jh, o ossee{qo s rhao so{ owocqeae rh{ aoljihs* H cgodo, rhis, jh aoto qo{ co{qesti{qaos, les aoto devo{ c{o{ uo es qol* Isqh, ec{oscojqe Leuieto`, rh{uo,qojahes o rhjahes ol r{qice, oès sh r{ofaicieis6 E`nh owisqo uo re{ocoti{qao, les, sonijahe, òte {je= o hq{e chise g uo re{oco{ tcih,

les, so e soni{lhs, q{e{ son{eje o kol* Les, ec{oscojqelhs js, ueissh hs to{aeaoi{hs dijs ae tiae, qejqh re{e h cgodo uejqh re{e hs rhths8 Rhaol ossos dijs, ojqh, so{ sec{idiceahs, qh{jejah dil sr{olh erojes nhto{je{,uejah isqh shlojqo l loih8 Les uo qiìqe{islh lhro osso, so hs nhto{jejqos, tihèjah e @oi o owrhjahso s ses a{es {oeos, jh rhao{hjol souo{ e`ceje{ so jich dil, uo ro{lejoco{ jh rhao{8 Isqh, ojq{oqejqh, jh erojes do{hciaeao o lojqi{e, shk{oqah injh{jcie, jh seko{chlr{oojao{ h qiìqe{islh leis tesqh, jh ue`, sonijah es òis lh{eis, jh so

owrhsqh e osqes {oeos aosq{qites* O injh{jcie, do{hciaeao o en{ossitiaeao


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Rioq{h _keài R[HK@OLES EQ_EIS 3;

sh es ce{ecqo{sqices ah ghlol ijthàh* Uejqh leis oth`to h ghlol,leis `go re{oco qah issh chlh le leàeao aolesieaelojqo r{iliqite or{ofaicie` e qhahs, re{e uo rhsse chjqije{ e so{ ecoiqe rh{ liqh qolrh*

Chjqije Leuieto`6 Qhahs tool h uo re{ocos, rhchs sojqol h uo s*

O ossos jh hsel hrh{so hrijih ahs liqhs* Osuocoso, jh ojqejqh, uoosso sisqole, so l gijh e ilkociìaeao gleje, {oeìve, dh{e ao do{i{ hsleis ijnjhs a{ejqo sc`hs, le soòh uo dev shk{otito{ erojes hs leisesqqhs, {oavijahso e le oschè ao to`gece{ie* Essil e ilkociìaeao ailiji o tei aosere{ocojah o, eqhleqicelojqo, h sisqole so qh{je ceae tov leisaidci` ao so{ rhsqh ol r{qice o lojhs {ojahsh* e òi ah r{hn{ossh* Ec{oscojqe Leuieto`6 Jes eos ao qhahs hs ghlojs o lwilo ahs r{jciros,h`goso h dil6 tojco{ o lejqo{ h Osqeah* Hs loihs so{h solr{o f`neahs ghj

{eahs* Ois uo tol qhje, je o c{e, e {oeìaeao kih`nice* H ljah qich eijae le shk{orhsih ijsqto` eh ljah ah ejile`* Owisqol hs r{ijcrihsedi{leahs chl n{iqhs, les jh owisqo se erìceh* Jh osqh eijae oòs ijch{rh{eahs, essilièahs {oeìaeao kih`nice, uo osq jh djah osro{ejah oao cfh djah shko e èle* Q{ejsios je oth`h*

Hs saiqhs shjgel chl l cgodo khl, les erojes re{e owr`h{`h, en{oai`h, qi{e{`go h rhao{, o s re{el uejah ojchjq{el h ghlol a{h uo Leuieto` jhs aosc{oto* Deèso uo h rhao{ aoto so{ti{ re{e h rhth* Les uo dev hrhth re{e uo h cgodo sofe khl8 En{iaoh eh r{iloi{h sije` ao d{euove* Aivso uo h rhao{ ojqojaiah chlh owr`h{eh onhsqe ah cgodo, o jh chlhdjh shcie`* Les chlh rhao r{oqojao{so h chjq{{ih, uejah se r{iloi{ejocossiaeao e eqhaodose8 I{ eh ojchjq{h ah rhth aoto so{, rhis, erojesle koè d{eso* Je {oeìaeao, e hcreh aeuoò uo aoql h rhao{ aoto so{aodojao{so ahs {iteis, uo qojqel en{oai`h, re{e qi{e{`go euoò rhao{* Les hrhth nhsqe ah ìjah shjgh ao c{o{ uo hs nhto{jejqos s qol le chise e de

vo{6 r{hqon`h, rhis osq jh rhao{ rh{ n{ee ao Aos* Qh ilojses ijnojiaeaos chòqites, uo qelkl sekol devo{so qh owinojqos o do{hvos, uo cgodosrhaol eq{ei{ re{e si8 Chlh r{oqojao{ uo, jle ch{{ojqo qh jito{se`, sofeloòs aido{ojqos ah qirh ahlijejqo8 ijqi` ijtojqe{ sisqoles, uejah h jto`laih ae {ee gleje h uo *

So hs cgodos sh essil, ol n{ejao re{qo e c`re qelkl ahs rhths* Oljs o hq{hs g le ch{{ojqo rsich`nice ijthàe uo e{{esqe qhahs* Koluo{o{iel es lesses, ol so cgodo, euoès ro{doios lh{eis ao khjaeao uo

`gos so{ie clhah ecge{ joò, re{e lo`gh{ er{htoiq`h, ro{doios uo ek


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s{ah uo oò qojge, rh{uo, so es qitosso, so{ie `hnh ìuiaeah chlh cgodo*Qhahs aosofel hs khjs, les re{e er{htoiqe{so aoòs* Essil so owrìcel esto{aeaos ojjcieaes rh{ Leuieto`* H cgodo aoto re{oco{ khl, les ei aoò soh dh{ ao to{aeao* S l cgodo dh{qo, uo jh so aoiwe oslene{ ro`h esse`qh ao

hq{ol eh rhao{, {osroiqeah* Aeah h eqe` n{e ao oth`h gleje, ijqièroè{ re{e e chlr{oojsh, khjaeao o ijqoìnjcie, rhis, chlh aiv Leuieto`,s so rhao chjqe{ chl h qolh{* Josqo ljah, s h leis dh{qo {osroiqto`*

O so h cgodo aoto so{ essil doiqh, chlh r{oqojao{ aoò euoò chlrh{qelojqh iaoe`, uo e joneh ae {oeìaeao ae tiae qe` chlh oè ghfo jh ljah glejh8 Aosqo lhah, h ghlol cgone eh rhao{ olo{nijah aes celeaesshcieis ijdo{ih{os, chl so osdh{h o {isch, chjq{e qhahs* Chl isqh, uo{ oòseqisdevo{ so ijsqijqh ao ski{, so ejsoih ao rhao{, ao {iuove, ao n{ejaove*

Uejah cgone essil, tojcojah ers a{e `qe, chlh rhao{ q{ejsdh{le{sool hq{h ghlol o soni{ hq{h sisqole8 Chlh rhao{ aoiwe{ ao rojse{, olr{iloi{h `ne{, ol nhve{ h lo{ociah r{lih ao sos osdh{hs o ao se gekiìaeao8 Les, aeah h uo oò , devso jeq{e` uo qiìvo h rhao{ ejqos ao qahol se tejqenol o seqisdeh, r{hc{o aodojao{so ahs sos ijilinhs o skloqo{ hs sos solo`gejqos, rh{uo sh osqes es jocossiaeaos uo e tiae ilro, ojh g hq{h loih ao {odh{e{ eui`h uo roaosqe` ah so rhao{* Chlh rhaoe `qe roè tiae aosere{oco{ `hnh jh t{qico ae ri{liao shcie`8 O chlh, jlljah onhsqe, rhao{ie so{ h rhao{ e`nh aido{ojqo ao le edi{leh ah o, uoso ilro jh elkiojqo shcie` re{e ahlije{ qhahs8 Qah isqh l ao{iteah`nich ae osq{q{e ah sisqole rsich`nich uo ai{ino e glejiaeao* Sol atiae uo aoto{ie so{ aido{ojqo, o ce{h so rene{ jh h so{* Les, ojuejqh hghlol rojse{ aosso lhah, es chises jh rhao{h so{ aido{ojqos* O e rsich`hnie ae dh{e jh rhao qo{ chlh {os`qeah sojh q{eih, i`sos o ah{*

E leih{ie ahs ghlojs qol l i{{od{oto` ijsqijqh ao ahljih* H uo tojco

shk{o qhahs so qh{je cgodo sr{olh* Hs hq{hs so chh{aojel gio{e{uicelojqo,sonjah ses r{r{ies dh{es* Dh{leso essil le cèsso ahlijejqo, uo soh{nejive re{e se aodose chjq{e es cèssos uo dice{el ol keiwh o uo jhchjsoni{el ski{ o tojco{ je `qe* Hch{{o, ojqh, jh n{rh aojq{h ae cèssoahlijejqo, le {ore{qih ahs `c{hs ae tiq{ie*

Uol osq ao dh{e dice e h`ge{ ao osqlenh tevih* Uol ro{qojco e rèjhs kih`nichs leis othàhs so s{r{oojao ao to{ chlh, aiejqo ao l rhao{owo{ciah chlh owr`h{eh o oslenelojqh, o jh chlh lissh, jh so {okoèl

hs rhths* Les so isqh ijfsqie do{hv jhs rèjhs sro{ih{os ae tiae, chise


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jh{le` jhs ijdo{ih{os* Josqos, fsqh uo hs rhths osc{eths, uo jh ql dh{e, jh so {okoòl chjq{e hs ahlijeah{os* Es lesses ahlijeaes sekol uo hsd{echs jh ql ai{oiqhs chjq{e hs leis dh{qos o uo, rh{ issh, ql ao ceè{* Sekol uo jh lo{ocol e tiq{ie, rh{uo jh chjsonol so ilrh{ chl e se

r{r{ie r{orhqjcie o uo, rh{ issh, ql ao srh{qe{* Sekol uo, sonjah e òiao so rèjh, hs d{echs so{h fsqelojqo osleneahs eq er{ojao{ol e so{ leisdh{qos* Chl odoiqh, s enh{e, uejah es lesses, rh{ se h{nejiveh, er{ojao{el e devo{so teò{, uo hs ai{inojqos es qhlel ol chjsiao{eh* Essil hsaoso{aeahs shd{ol, jh rh{uo ecoiqol, les rh{uo osro{el le hcesihre{e devo{ rih{, rhis e òi ahs tojcoah{os o ahs tojciahs e losle6 e ah leisdh{qo* H r{hkòle l s re{e qhahs6 tojco{ oslenejah*

Essil hs tojciahs dicel e h`ge{ qhaes es to`gece{ies ahs tojcoah{os* Jh

sekol h{nejive{so o chlr{oojao{ lo`gh{, re{e devo{ lo`gh{* Sh qhahs aelosle {ee* Aocè{el chl loèjchìe uo ijqi` lae{ h cgodo, rh{uo hshq{hs sh rih{os* Uol uo{ uo sofe uo ske eh rhao{, isqh jh lae{ie esiqeh* Aor`h{eljh, jh rh{uo rojsol jle h{aol sro{ih{, les rh{uojh rhaol devo{ h loslh* Aor`h{eljh rh{ ijtofe, chjtojciahs ao uo essil loslh uo so dev o r{hjqhs e devo{ h loslh* Eìlojqel e osro{eje aorhao{ cgone{ qelkl oòs l aie e qhle{ re{qo jh kejuoqo h, eh lojhs,er{htoiqe{ es shk{es* Titol, essil, chl e li{enol ao chjsoni{ l aie erhao{e{so ao ueùo{ chise, chlh s h rhao devo{ uol qol ol lhs h rhao{*

Ojq{o hs uo dicel ao dh{e, e h`ge{ ao osqlenh tevih, sh osch`giahs hsskh{aijeahs, hs seqìqos, e cìojqoè ahs aorojaojqos uo so hdo{ocol, chjqejqh uo nejgol e`nh ah kejuoqo* Essil rhaol ojq{e{ hq{hs jes diòi{esahs doìvos* Jescol ae hs {or{osojqejqos ae eqh{iaeao, loaiejqo cossos re{cieis, jescol e k{hc{ecie, hs ealijisq{eah{os, e cèsso ahs osc{eths ah Osqeah, uo rhaol ojdoiqe{so chl e se ìk{* e luije shcie` e so{tih ahs

req{os* Osqos lael, rh{ ticissiqaos rh`qices, les e luije ro{lejoco,rh{uo so{to re{e qhahs*Les, jhs osc{eths, dice qelkl h ijsqijqh ao ski{, h glejh o jito{se`

ijsqijqh ao ahlije{* O jh g ghlol uo, eh tosqi{so chl e ìk{ ah req{h,jh so sijqe rh{ si loslh, ijtosqiah chl e eqh{iaeao aoò, qelkl l rhchreq{h o jh r{hc{o, chlh h devol hs cgodos, qiìvè re{e si* H ghlol solr{o h loslh* Rh{ issh h djcihj{ih ec{oaiqe uo oò loslh l rhch hOsqeah, chlh h seco{ahqo c{ uo l rhch e i

13- Problemas Atuais - Pietro Ubaldi (Volume Revisado e Formatado em PDF para iPad_Tablet_e-Reader)

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