A A ÁÁgua nos Objetivos do gua nos Objetivos do Desenvolvimento SustentDesenvolvimento Sustentáávelvel

Manuela Moreira da SilvaManuela Moreira da Silva

Escola Superior de Tecnologia do Barreiro Escola Superior de Tecnologia do Barreiro -- IPS IPS

09 de janeiro de 201809 de janeiro de 2018

HumansHumans……https://drive.google.com/open?id=1NnAo7Aybd95hPEjeXT4w0zKuTyGFjyJj

� During the 20th century alone, the population in the world has grown from 1.65 billion to 6 billion.

� In 1970, there were roughly half as many people in the world as there are now.

� Because of declining growth rates, it will now take over 200 years to double again

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2018: 7,6 billion

Manuela Moreira da SilvaManuela Moreira da Silva

Escola Superior de Tecnologia do BarreiroEscola Superior de Tecnologia do Barreiro

09 de janeiro de 201809 de janeiro de 2018

� During the 20th century alone, the population in the world has grown from 1.65 billion to 6 billion.

� In 1970, there were roughly half as many people in the world as there are now.

� Because of declining growth rates, it will now take over 200 years to double again

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In 2017: 7.6 billion … is expected to reach 8.6 billion in 2030, 9.8 bill ion in 2050 and 11.2 billion in 2100.

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UrbanizationUrbanization……

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What is essential?What is essential?

Since 2015

Source:

U.N. Population

Division

World Cities Exceeding 5 Million Residents

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Since pre-industrial times, the atmospheric concentration of greenhouse gases has grown significantly…[CO2]increased 31%, [CH4] increased 150%[NO] increased 16% (Watson et al 2001)

The present level of CO2 concentration (around 375 parts per million) is the highest for 420 000 years, and probably

the highest for the past 20 million years.

Growing waste volumes…Waste composition will keep changing...

In a global perspective, remarkable changes to waste composition are coming!

Manuela Moreira da SilvaManuela Moreira da Silva

Human ActivitiesHuman Activities

URBANIZATIONURBANIZATION……

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Water DemandWater Demand……

Population and Water Use

0

1000

2000

3000

4000

5000

6000

7000

8000

9000

1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 2010 2020

Withdrawal (km3/yr)

Population (million)

global freshwater use is ~4000 km3/year~10% of the renewable supply (44 800 km3/year) 13

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Water Scarcity (2030)…

Summary of the World Water Crisis and USG Investments in the Water Sector, USAID, 2010

By 2030, 3.3 billion people will live “water stress” conditions

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PORTUGAL ContinentalPORTUGAL Continental……20172017

Manuela Moreira da Silva

https://www.ipma.pt/pt/me

dia/noticias/news.detail.jsp?

f=/pt/media/noticias/textos/

rel-clima-outubro-2017.html

FactosFactos

O outubro O outubro mais quente mais quente dos dos úúltimos 87 anos.ltimos 87 anos.

O outubro O outubro mais seco mais seco dos dos úúltimos 20 anos.ltimos 20 anos.

Com valores altos de Com valores altos de evapotranspiraevapotranspiraçção e valores ão e valores significativos de significativos de ddééfice de fice de humidade do solohumidade do solo..

InequalityInequality……

1.4 billion lack access to a reliable electricity supply, and 2.7 billion depend on traditional sources of bioenergy such as wood as their main fuel for cooking and heating (WWF, 2011a)

Today, almost a billion people suffer from hunger(Water, Energy and Food Security Nexus, 2011)

Urban Water Cycle? Costs...

WithdrawDrinking Water Treatment Elevation AdductionStorageDistribution Drainage Wastewater TreatmentReuse? Manuela Moreira da Silva

URBAN WATER CYCLE?

or

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URBAN WATER CYCLE?

or

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Climate ChangeClimate Change……

Fonte: Barriopedro et al., 2010

2016

2007

2006

2003

2002

Ondas de calor…Os Verões mais

quentes na Europa

desde 1500 ...

Ou nova Ou nova ERA do GELOERA do GELO??

……. Entre 2030 e 2040, com base num modelo de previsão da . Entre 2030 e 2040, com base num modelo de previsão da atividade solar, Encontro Nacional da Real Sociedade de atividade solar, Encontro Nacional da Real Sociedade de Astronomia em Llandudno, no PaAstronomia em Llandudno, no Paíís de Gales.s de Gales.

Flood Disasters(Portugal, 2014)

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……Droughts and FiresDroughts and Fires(Portugal, 2017)(Portugal, 2017)

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Food, Food, human lives, political human lives, political crisescrises……

……

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Scales of society pressure

Aquatic Ecosystem

degradation

Transregional spatial scale Transdisciplinar approach

Education and ResearchEducation and Research……

(Chícharo L., 2018)

EDUCATION

CAPACITY BUILDING AND TRAINING

RESEARCH

COMMUNICATION AND DISSEMINATION

RESILIENCE!

RESILIENCE!

NEW SOLUTIONS

NEW SOLUTIONS……

Obrigada pela Vossa AtenObrigada pela Vossa Atençção!ão!