7/30/2019 AP23-Busca exagerada de respaldo para ideias e achados

1/2

NDQM PDK[J ZI X@FD _DPFQFXFPQM _J[QFNMW

F{m`f ajl Nj{d am @dpqmPd _mzld, mbdpqd aj ;??;

@{jfd cmxj{ `dn`d{an`fm mi lm }zmnqd fafm aj }zj d pjnpd `dizi hznamijnqj fnhlzjn`fmad d{ `dnpq{zjp aj qjd{ dpfqfxfpqm. Mli afppd,qml hd{im aj jnpm{ qmiki pj jn`dnq{m hf{ijijnqj hznajmam ji ijfdpimfp fnqjlj`qzmlfwmadp.

qmimncm pzm jnjq{md nmp imfp afpqfnqmp jphj{mp }zj nd pj{fmajp`mkfad fi zqm{)lcj zi j{hfl +fajdlbf d+5 xmlj afwj{, pzm {jpjnm{jxjlm)pj qd hd{qj j m jlm jpqmidp qd mhjfqdp }zj p j fpdaf`mijnqj ndpm j{`jkjidp ad }zmnqd ndppdp {m`fd`nfdp j ajimfp mqfqzajp ijnqmfpm`cmi)pj `dnaf`fdnmadp d{ jlm.

Zi ajppjp x`fdp dpfqfxfpqmp nd }zml fn`d{{f mlbzimp xjwjp, j ad }zmlij ajf `dnqm p {j`jnqjijnqj, ljxm)ij m jp`{jxj{ jpqm maxj{qn`fm, m }zml,`j{qmijnqj, xmlj imfp m{m ifi ad }zj m{m dzq{ji.

Q{mqm)pj, aj hmqd, aj adfp j`maflcdp fnqfimijnqj xfn`zlmadp. D{fijf{d afw {jp jfqd mdp mzqd{jp }zj ndp pd `m{dp j dp }zmfp }zj{jidp

{jpbzm{am{ am fi zqmd aj difppjp dz aj j{{dp, ijpid pj infidp. Dpjbznad {jhj{j)pj ndppm npfm aj {jp mlam{ ndppmp m{bzijnqmjp j`dn`lzpjp imfp dzpmamp ji mzqd{jp `zgmp dk{mp ndp m{j`ji ajhfnfqfxmp.

Ji mikdp dp `mpdp pj{xfid)ndp, nd `dld}zfml, aj js {jppjp k{zqmfpqmfp `did7 +D }zj Hzlmnd afw nd fppd, imp m}zfld+. G ndp jp`{fqdp dpqj{idp pd mijnfwmadp7 +D }zj Pf`{mnd {jqjnajz afwj{, jhjqfxmijnqj, hdffpqd dz m}zfld+. J d{ m xmf.

_d{ xjwjp, qdimadp aj imfd{jp {z{fadp, mhf{imidp +Pjbznad ndppmljfqz{m aj...+5 j mppmidp m mq{fkzf{ m ndppdp +`lppf`dp+ `dn`lzpjp m{m mp}zmfp, izfqmp xjwjp, `dnqmidp, qd p, `di d bjnj{dpd kjnj l`fqd ajndppdp kdqjp.

Jxfajnqjijnqj, nd jpqdz m pzbj{f{ m fi {d {fjamaj am jsjbjpj,fi zbnmnad m dppfkflfamaj aj ljfqz{mp mlqj{nmqfxmp dz njbmnad m xmlfamajam js lf fqmd aj qjpjp }zj dppmi cmxj{ hf`mad imfp dz ijndppzkjnqjnafamp nmp dk{mp adp b{mnajp ijpq{jp. Nd, d }zj ajnzn`fd dji {jbd f{{jp dnpxjl j nd hznamijnqmad ajppmp {qf`mp,#=& dfp, mdp}zj g fn`fafidp ji qmfp ajplfwjp, nd kmpqm maifqf{ }zj qml dz }zml fafm ndphdf pzbj{fam jlm ljfqz{m ajpqj dz am}zjlj mzqd{5 nd kmpqm {j`dncj`j{ njpqjdz nm}zjlj m{bzijnqd d{ np js jnafad, d j`d ajppm dz am}zjlm dk{mimbnm. Xfqfimadp jlm dpqz{m dpfqfxfpqm m`fim mnzn`fmam, jsfbfidp, m qdad`zpqd, }zj m +`dfpm+ jpqjgm l, znfxd`mijnqj {j`dncj`xjl, pmlqmnad xfpqmad +kdi+ jnqjnajad{5 dpqm ji qj{idp `dn`{jqdp j ajhfnfqfxdp ji qml dz

7/30/2019 AP23-Busca exagerada de respaldo para ideias e achados

2/2

}zml mppmbji aj zi aj ndppdp mzqd{jp {jafljqdp. @zi {j)pj, mppfi,fnqjb{mlijnqj, m m{bzijnqmd `ml`mam nm mzqd{famaj. Ndppm d fnfd nd p`dnqm `di d mxml pqzid aj zi b{mnaj ijpq{j, imp, qmiki, dppxjlfajnqfhf`m{ ji pzm dk{m, `lm{m j afpqfnqmijnqj, mp mlmx{mp }zj `d{{dkd{mindppd m`cmad.

_d{ hfi, m{m nd hzbf{ {jb{m, ajfsd m}zf zim h{mpj aj jn`j{{mijnqd7`j{qmijnqj hd{mi afp` zldp `did jppjp }zj ljxm{mi Im{s m afwj{)pj ndim{sfpqm.

NDQM

=. Ijz `dljbm Gzlfd I. _f{jp ljz m xj{pd {jlfifnm{ ajpqj jp`{fqd j imnadz)ij`dijnq{fdp }zj xd njpqm ndqm. Pji `di {dijq)ld `di ifncmp d fnfjp j j{{dppdz)lcj izfqd b{mqd. Pdk{j jpqj dnqd mndqm Gzlfd I. _f{jp7 +Aj hmqd, d j}zflk{fd

jnq{j m lfkj{amaj nj`jpp{fm m zi jp}zfpmad{ m{m hmwj{ m jsjbjpj j m "afpqd{d"amp fafmp adp mzqd{jp m hfi aj mkpdlx)ldp j$dz m{m idlam{ pzmp fafmp aj m`d{ad`di pjzp dkgjqfxdp izfqd qnzj. D mlj{qm j{hjfqmijnqj `mkxjl mfnam }zj ndpjgm dppxjl jpqmkjlj`j{ }zml}zj{ "{jb{m" m{m jxfqm{ d {dkljim.+