Construção Sustentável - Chapter 1A

8/14/2019 Construo Sustentvel - Chapter 1A

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5.8 CKICMG\KS M JMLGLES LM CKIS\Q]KS]S\MI\VMO - JMIKS U]EI\GFGCVMGS


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5.5 CKICMG\KS M JMLGLESLM VEOKQGPEK EJAGMI\EO

Eitms lm lmsmivkovmrjks ks ckicmgtks m jmlgles le ckistruk sustmitvmo jegs queitgfgcvmgs, sk mxpkstks imstm ceptuok,ckj e prkfuilglelm pkssvmo, ks ckicmgtks m jmlgles le Ckistruk Sustmitvmo jmiks queitgfgcvmgs. Mste tmrjgikokbge utgogzele pmok Xrkf Does \nej, uraeigste m erqugtmctk sumck, rmspkisvmo pmok poeik lm uraeigzek le rme lm mxpksgkpmrjeimitm AK85 mj Jeoj, ie Sucge, qum lmlgcku e sue vgle prkfgssgkieo givmstgbek skarm e rmoek mitrm es pmsskesm k jmgk mlgfgcelk.

Mxgstm uj cki`uitk lm cerectmrstgces lk jmgk mlgfgcelk ek queo es pmsskes rmebmj lm fkrje jegs ku jmiks prmvgsvmo,jes cmrtejmitm ckjprmmisvmo, cerectmrstgces qum gicoumj ks ckicmgtks m jmlgles lm veokrgzek skcgeo, ejagmiteo mmspecgeo, lmsmivkovglks imstm ceptuok.Essgj, sk lmscrgtks ks ckicmgtks m jmlgles qum, imste ptgce, ckitrgaumj pere eujmiter e queoglelm lm vgle les pmsskes,miqueitk cglelks qum utgogzej ks mspeks paogcks qum e cglelm ckokce ek smu lgspkr m miqueitk utgogzelkrms lk jmgkmlgfgcelk.

Ks ckicmgtks m es jmlgles lmscrgtks ik sk, lm fkrje eobuje, mxeustgvks, mxgstgilk jugtks jegs pkr mxpokrer mj puaogcemsfutures.

Xere eoj le pksture gistgtucgkieo lm prktmck le ieturmze (k qum ikrjeojmitm epmies sgbigfgce trever e treisfkrjeklk tmrrgtrgk), iks otgjks =8 eiks, e lgjmisk ejagmiteo ik tmj tglk uje mxprmssk vgsvmo imj peopvmo ik lmsmivkovgjmitkles iksses cglelms, tejaj pkrqum, ckjk uje rme lm ckinmcgjmitk ckjpomxe, epmies rmcmitmjmitm e ckjuiglelm

cgmitfgce rmuigu sufgcgmitms ckismisks pere pmrjgtgr k lmsmivkovgjmitk lm pkogtgces m lm poeiks lm eck.Mitrmteitk, equeilk le gitmrvmik ies iksses cglelms, ckj ks prkfuilks ckinmcgjmitks qum elqugrgjks skarm e lgjmiskejagmiteo lk lmsmjpmink lk jmgk mlgfgcelk, ceam-iks ckisglmrer m gitmbrer mste lgjmisk lm uje fkrje eareibmitm mprmvmitgve.

E lgjmisk ejagmiteo eakrlele ska lues pmrspmctgves lgstgites09 E prgjmgre lmscrmvm ks ckicmgtks m es jmlgles le ckistruk sustmitvmo qum sk jmiks queitgfgcvmgs pkrqum lgfcgo,ckj ks jmgks prmsmitmjmitm ek ikssk lgspkr, jmlgrjks ks amimfcgks rmsuoteitms, epmser lm seamrjks qum mxgstmj m qumsk mxtrmjejmitm rmomveitms4

9 E smbuile lmscrmvm equmoms ckicmgtks m jmlgles mj qum k lmsmjpmink mimrbtgck-ejagmiteo jegs fecgojmitmqueitgfgcvmo.

Ckitulk, ks ckicmgtks m es jmlgles equg eakrlelks pertgonej e cerectmrstgce lm smrmj gifoumicgvmgs ku jmsjk lmtmrjgielkspmok ikssk prkcmlgjmitk queilk msckonmjks pere kilm vejks vgvmr m queilk ckitrgaujks pere e crgek lks mspekskilm kutrks vk vgvmr. Ks ckicmgtks m es jmlgles sk eprmsmitelks m lmsmivkovglks pere qum sm pkssej gitmbrer ik ectklm prk`mcter lm fkrje gitmicgkieo m pere qum pkssej smr mxprmssks ckjk lmsm`ks, prkcurelks pmoks utgogzelkrms fgiegs.Xere veokrgzerjks e lgjmisk ejagmiteo lm tklks ks mspeks qum neagtejks, utgogzejks ku vgsgtejks, imstm ceptuok skeprmsmitelks ks ckicmgtks m es jmlgles qum, giqumstgkievmojmitm, gifoumicgej e iksse smisgagoglelm pere ckj k mspekm prkjkvmj k ikssk amj-mster.

Smbuglejmitm sk gilgcelks eobuis lks veokrms qum tkriej rmomveitms ks ckicmgtks m es jmlgles lmscrgtks. Xertmj lkprkpsgtk lm setgsfek les imcmssglelms le skcgmlelm lm uje fkrje sustmitvmo0 e selm, k ckifkrtk, e ogamrlelm quktglgeielm gitmrebgrjks lm fkrje ogvrm ckj es kutres pmsskes mj smbureie m ckifkrtk, ...

Mj suje, prkcurejks k ckitmxtk mj qum e ckjuiglelm sm pksse lmsmivkovmr rujk sustmiteagoglelm.


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SM QMSXKILM] SGJ E \KLES ES XMQB]I\ES K] IE S]E JEGKQGE, \MQ MICKI\QELK ]JE NEAG\EK MJ U]M KS MSXEKSCKI\QGA]MJ XEQE E]JMI\EQ E S]E U]EOGLELM LM VGLE.

50 M^GS\M ]JE CMQ\GFGCEK MIMQB\GCE K] EJAGMI\EO LE NEAG\EK;

10 E NEAG\EK \MJ GIS\EOELK ]J SGS\MJE LM EU]MCGJMI\K CMI\QEO MFGCGMI\M;

30 MS\ BEQEI\GLE E E]SICGE LM SGS\MJES LM EQ CKILGCGKIELK;

0 XKSSVMO VMI\GOEQ E NEAG\EK LM FKQJE IE\]QEO (GLMEOJMI\M VMI\GOEK CQ]PELE);

70 ES \GI\ES ]\GOGPELES MJ XEQMLMS M \MC\KS SK XMQJMVMGS EK VEXKQ;

SGJ | I8

SM XQM\MILM EFMQGQ E GJXOMJMI\EK LES JMLGLES LM VEOKQGPEK EJAGMI\EO, U]EILK FKQ VGSG\EQ ENEAG\EK U]M \MICGKIE EQQMILEQ K] CKJXQEQ, LMVM SMOMCCGKIEQ ES XMQB]I\ES CKJ ES U]EGS JEGS SMGLMI\GFGCE M CKOKC-OES EK GI\MQOKC]\KQ JEGS QMSXKISVMO U]M MICKI\QEQ0

3

E pmrjmeagoglelm les supmrfcgms mj ckitectk ckj k ergitmrgkr pklm gbueojmitm ckitrgaugr pere uje jmonkrqueoglelm. Ska mstm espmctk gjpkrteitm pmrjgtgr qum kmlgfcgk rmspgrm lk gitmrgkr pere k mxtmrgkr4 ikjmelejmitme pessebmj lm vepkr tmj lm smr fecgogtele pmoes ckjpkimitmsle mivkovmitm ckistrule. Jes, pere eoj le pmrjmeagoglelmles permlms, ik qum lgz rmspmgtk ek vepkr, tejaj gjpkrteitmbereitgr qum e jegkr rme pkssvmo lm permlms m tmctks tminee cepecglelm lm gitmrebgr (easkrvmilk-e m rmstgtugilk-e) ckje nujglelm lk er, iks jkjmitks mj qum, lmitrk lk mlgfcgk,sm mst e prkluzgr nujglelm (pmoe rmspgrek nujeie, pmoesectgvglelms mj prmsmie lm bue, pmok prkcmssk lm ckzginerku lm tkjer lucnm ku aeink iks mlgfcgks rmsglmicgegs).

K ckifkrtk ejagmiteo m e queoglelm lk er gitmrgkr sk ksfectkrms jegs rmomveitms pere seovebuerler e selm m k amj-mster les pmsskes. E eusicge lm ckifkrtk mxtrmjejmitmpmrturaelkre m uje rmluzgle queoglelm lk er pklm gjpogcere jeigfmstek lm lkmies, jugtes les quegs skmxtrmjejmitm lgfcmgs lm curer. Ks mlgfcgks, qum sk ksckitmxtks mj qum es pmsskes pessej e jegkr pertm lk smutmjpk, lmvmj essgj, ecgje lm tulk, seovebuerler k lgrmgtk selm m k lgrmgtk ek ckifkrtk.


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5.5.1 QMC]QSKS IE\]QEGS M MCKSSGS\MJES

EaogkOmgtk|XerqumMxpk


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Mstes efgrjems rmfomctmj k ckismisk cgmitfgck qum nk`mrmbm e ckjuiglelm cgmitfgce qum sm lmlgce e mitmilmr m elmfgigr k qum tmj lm juler pere krgmiter k lmsmivkovgjmitksgstmjtgck le skcgmlelm ik smitglk le sustmiteagoglelm. Es

ckicousms lk Qmoetrgk lm Aruiltoeil, mj 57>2, gitrkluzgreje ckiscgicge skcgeo, mckijgce m ejagmiteo, lm qum lmvmjkslmgxer s bmrems vgilkures uj poeimte ckj, pmok jmiks,e queoglelm qum nmrljks lks ikssks eitmpesselks. Sm eiksse skcgmlelm tgvmssm gitmrgkrgzelk mstm pksgcgkiejmitk iesetgsfek les sues imcmssglelms, lmvmrge mster epmies emxpokrer ks ùrks (equmoms qum e ieturmze ckismbumrmbmimrer) m ik k cepgteo lk ikssk poeimte.

Jes ik gssk qum mst smr fmgtk!Lmvmjks juler es iksses prtgces mj tklks ks smctkrms leskcgmlelm, smilk lmtmrjgieitm k pklmr qum iks ceam ckjkcglelks, ik s pmoks ectks qum is prprgks lmcglgjks, jestejaj pmok qum pklmjks m lmvmjks mxgbgr e qumj pkr ismomgtk.

Qmprmsmite uje prgkrglelm qum tklk k smctkr le ckistrukmitmile m sgbe ks prgicpgks, qum equmoms jegs sagks mitrm

is ckjprmmilmrej, skarm k lmsmivkovgjmitk sustmitvmo0

9 Ik ckitmxtk le ieturmze krbigce, qum iks fkrimcm jugtkslks prklutks qum prmcgsejks pere skarmvgvmr, tmjks lmeprmilmr e bmrgr e sue mxpokrek, seamilk qum ik pklmjksmxpokrer rmcursks pere eoj lks ogjgtms lm cepecglelm lmrmbmimrek lk poeimte.

9 Mj rmoek ieturmze eikrbigce (qum, nk`m mj lge,

eareibm egile e breilm jegkrge lks jetmrgegs lm ckistruk)k lmsmivkovgjmitk sustmitvmo ik gjpm qum, pkr mxmjpok,ik smèj mxtrelks jgimregs le crkste le tmrre pere eckistruk lm mlgfcgks m gifre-mstrutures. Gjpm, ik miteitk,qum tulk k qum mxtrelk tmine k jxgjk veokr ecrmscmitelk(m smè jugtk amj eprkvmgtelk), smj èjegs ckokcer mj rgsckk mqugoargk lks mckssgstmjes. M pkrqum ik ecmgter k lmsefgkle utgogzek lm jetmrgegs krbigcks ie ckistruk;

9 Cele jmtrk quelrelk le ieturmze qum kcupejks ckjckistrums gimrtms pere eoamrber es ectgvglelms nujeiesrmluz e cepecglelm le tmrre lm sm rmbmimrer m lm prkluzgr k


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5.1 CKICMG\KS M JMLGLESLM VEOKQGPEK SKCGEOKs mspeks paogcks sk ks okcegs kilm es pmsskes pklmj gitmrebgr ogvrmjmitm. E nkspgteoglelm m k ckifkrtk uraeik lksmspeks paogcks (mxtmrgkrms m gitmrgkrms) lmtmrjgiej e fkrje ckjk es pmsskes gitmrebmj mitrm sg m sk k rmsuotelk lesprmkcupems lm qumj ks ckicmamu.

Xkr vmzms crgelks lm fkrje poeimele m, pkr vmzms, k rmsuotelk lm uje treisfkrjek mvkoutgve m mspkitime, ks mspekspaogcks le cglelm mxprgjmj k smu prgjmgrk ivmo lm glmitglelm. Ks mspeks mxtmrgkrms, mj cuè ckicmpk m ckistrukfkg ckitmjpoelk k ckifkrtk ejagmiteo (trjgck, vgsueo, ecstgck), kfmrmcmj s pmsskes qum ks utgogzej ckilgms lm msterlgbies m eckonmlkres, rmsuoteilk mj kpkrtuiglelms pksgtgves lm gitmreck skcgeo. Ks ckicmgtks m jmlgles qum smbuglejmitmsm eprmsmitej sk epmies eobuis lks qum ks mspmcgeogstes, qum sm lmlgcej veokrgzek skcgeo lk mspek uraeik, tjckjuigcelk ek okibk lks eiks, jes qum iks permcmj smr lm mxtrmje rmomvicge m, lm cmrte fkrje, ckitrrgks e eobujes

tmilicges ectuegs.

E gitmbrek skcgeo gifoumicgele m, mj eobuis cesks, et lmtmrjgiele pmok ckitmxtk uraeik. Xkr mxmjpok, k fectk lmgskoerjks usks ie cglelm, crgeilk bumtks jkik-fuicgkiegs, krgbgie uje juotgpogcglelm lm prkaomjes qum ks utgogzelkrmssmitmj et msfmre itgje. Xkr mxmjpok, queilk sm crge uj cmitrk lm imbcgks iuje cglelm, e prgjmgre ckismquicge e gjpkssgagoglelm lm neagter pmrtk lk okceo lm treaeonk, cerectmrstgce qum pkr sg s, kargbe e lmsokcems pmiluoerms m efouxks lm trisgtk gitmisks. Sm tejaj sm prmtmilm kptgjgzer k lmsmjpmink skcgeo iks ckitmxtks uraeiks qum crgejks kuqum rmeagogtejks, gjpkrteitm tmr mj ckisglmrek uj ckiùitk lm jmlgles qum pmrjgtej jmonkrer k breu lm glmitgfgcekles pmsskes ckj k ckitmxtk uraeik qum utgogzej.

E gitmisglelm ckj e queo ks utgogzelkrms sm glmitgfgcej iks mspeks qum neagtej m utgogzej, lmtmrjgie e etgtulm qum tkjejpere ckj mssms mspeks m e fkrje ckjk sm ckjpkrtej pmreitm es kutres pmsskes.

gbueojmitm vmrlelm qum e mlucek qum ks pegs m es fejoges kfmrmcmj, amj ckjk ks jmlge, gifoumicge k ckjpkrtejmitkles pmsskes, jes e cepecglelm lm gitmrebgr ckj k mspek qum ks rklmge ckjpuosgve m, pkr gssk, lkjgie tkles es kutresgifouicges. K Xrkfmsskr Does \nej, uraeigste sumck, misgie-iks qum, ie cglelm, tejaj e lgvmrsglelm uje cerectmrstgcelmtmrjgieitm pere iks jeitmrjks mstgjuoelks m pksgtgvejmitm gitmrectgvks ckj k jmgk qum iks rklmge.Ks ckicmgtks, lm smbugle eakrlelks m jmiks fcmgs lm queitgfgcer, ckitrgaumj pere uje jegkr glmitgfgcek les pmsskesckj k mspek qum utgogzej, eujmiteilk, pkr gssk, tejaj e sue gitmbrek skcgeo, e queoglelm lm vgle, amj ckjk e fkrjeckjk ebmj mitrm sg.

Imste rme eakrlelk uj ckiùitk lm lmsefgks, prgicgpeojmitm msceoe lk poeimejmitk uraeik, qum prkjkvm e crgeklm ckitmxtks uraeiks etrectgvks m ckjuiglelms qum sm lmsmivkovmj rujk sustmiteagoglelm.


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SM XQM\MILM EFMQGQ E GJXOMJMI\EK LES JMLGLES LM VEOKQGPEK SKCGEO, U]EILK FKQ VGSG\EQ E NEAG\EKU]M \MICGKIE EQQMILEQ K] CKJXQEQ, LMVM SMOMCCGKIEQ ES XMQB]I\ES CKJ ES U]EGS JEGS SM GLMI\GFGCE MCKOKC-OES EK GI\MQOKC]\KQ JEGS QMSXKISVMO U]M MICKI\QEQ0

50 K CKI\M^\K MJ U]M SM GISMQM E NEAG\EK CKJXEC\K M J]O\GF]ICGKIEO ;

10 \MJ ECMSSK EK U]M XQMCGSE IK LGE E LGE, I]J QEGK LM EXQK^GJELEJMI\M 58 JGI]\KS E X LK OKCEOLE NEAG\EK, GICO]GILK MU]GXEJMI\KS C]O\]QEGS, LMSXKQ\GVKS M LM OEPMQ ;

30 M^GS\MJ MSXEKS VMQLMS LM OEPMQ XAOGCKS, SMJG-XAOGCKS K] SMJG-XQGVELKS XMQ\K LK OKCEO ;


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K lgrmgtk selm, qum gjpogce bereitgr uje momvele queoglelmlk er gitmrgkr, uj ckifkrtk trjgck mstvmo m ivmgs lm rulkecmgtvmgs, uj lgrmgtk nk`m ckisglmrelk elqugrglk (jes pkuckmitmilglk) m uje les ceuses lk crmscmitm ckisujk lm mimrbgeik jmgk mlgfgcelk. Seovebuerler, iuj ckitmxtk uraeik lmmomvele lmisglelm, es cerectmrstgces qum bereitmj mstm

lgrmgtk smj lmpmilmr lm sgstmjes mimrbvkrks , smj lvgle,uj lks breilms lmsefgks eakrlelks imste puaogcek.

K lgrmgtk prgvecglelmtkrie-sm jegs pmrtgimitm iuje cglelmmj qum es pmsskes ckeagtej mj jegkr prkxgjglelm m mssmicgeo pere e selm jmiteo. ]j espmctk lmste prgvecglelm, cmrtejmitm, k fectk lm pklmrjks tmr ecmssk vgsueo ekmspek, smj iks smitgrjks kasmrvelks pkr kutrks, queoglelmqum pklm smr eoceiele etrevs lm uje bmkjmtrge mspecgeo

qum, prkvevmojmitm, tmr qum smr teitk jegs skfgstgcele queitkjegkr fkr e lmisglelm pkpuoecgkieo. \ejaj k fectk lmlmogjgter igtglejmitm k mspek paogck lk mspek smjg-paogckm k mspek smjg-prgvelk lk mspek prgvelk fez ckj qum espmsskes sgitej uje jegkr ckifgeie ie utgogzek lmstmsmspeks.

K lgrmgtk ek sko, pkr mxmjpok, sgbigfgce qum uje cese krgmiteleepmies e Ikrtm m qum iuice usufrug le mitrele lm regks

skoerms, prkvevmojmitm ik elmquele pere k usk neagtecgkieo.Essgj, smjprm qum mxgste uje neagtek ckj krgmitek eIkrtm, tmr qum usufrugr tejaj lm, pmok jmiks, kutrekrgmitek skoer.

K lgrmgtk lm ecmssk e tkles es gifre-mstruturesfuilejmitegsqum pmrjgtmj qum ckiluzejks k mstgok lm vgle msckonglk,glmeojmitm lm ecmlmrjks mj 58 jgiutks e p e tulk k qumiks imcmssrgk ik lge e lge, gjpogce qum k poeimejmitkuraeik lmfgie e lgstrgaugk lks usks rmomveitms m qum e bmstkuraeie essmburm e sue gjpomjmitek. Ik pmrlmilk efomxgagoglelm qum k jmrcelk ogvrm mxgbm, trete-sm equg lmrmspkilmr, lm fkrje krlmiele, e imcmssglelms asgcesquktglgeies lks cglelks. Mspmcgeojmitm es msckoes (pr-prgjrges m prgjrges) pklmj mxmrcmr uj pklmr lm etreckjugtk breilm queilk msckonmjks k okceo mj qum vejksneagter. Sk mqugpejmitks gjpkrteitssgjks m eks quegs efecgoglelm lm ecmssk tmj uj fkrtm gjpectk skarm e queoglelmlm vgle les fejoges. ]je lmisgfgcek smomctgve, qumeckjpeine ks prgicgpegs mgxks lktelks lm gifre-mstrutureslm treispkrtms ckomctgvks, uje skouk qum ckitmjpoe kscrgtrgks lk lmsmivkovgjmitk sustmitvmo, ie jmlgle mj qumeujmite e utgoglelm lmsse gifre-mstruture.

K lgrmgtk lm pklmrjks ecmlmr ckjklejmitm e mspeks vmrlmsmxtmrgkrms (lm lgvmrses lgjmisms) fez pertm lm uj mqugoargk,ik jagtk lk queo e cglelm sm eprmsmite ckjk jgcrkcksjklk poeimte m prmtmilm prkpkrcgkier ek cglelk, qum imomneagte, e ieturmze, jmsjk qum epmies ska fkrje sgjaogce. tejaj avgk qum, pkr tmr kptelk pkr vgvmr ie cglelm,


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k cglelk ik prmtmilm lmgxer lm usufrugr le ieturmze. Ksmspeks vmrlms uraeiks tj uj gjpectk mxtrmjejmitmpksgtgvk ie vgle lks cglelks, mspmcgeojmitm pkrqum eogvgeje gitmisglelm le cglelm lgijgce.

K veokr mckijgck esskcgelk ek petrgjigk mlgfgcelk tmj sglk

quesm mxcousgvejmitm uj rmsuotelk lk veokr le rmspmctgveokceogzek m le rme ckistrule. Ckj e mjmrbicge lks ikvksveokrms skcgegs, gitgjejmitm ogbelks queoglelm lm vgle lespmsskes, ietureo qum k veokr mckijgck vmine brelueojmitme ckitmjpo-oks. \ejaj e cmrtgfgcek mimrbtgce esskcgelee cele neagtek gr veokrgzer ckisglmrevmojmitm ks espmctksrmoecgkielks ckj k lmsmjpmink mimrbtgck-ejagmiteo.

K lmsefgk qum e cglelm ckjpecte m juotgfuicgkieo oeie

iksse skcgmlelm e seovebuerle lm lgrmgtks lks cglelks qumckiluzmj e uje jegkr queoglelm lm vgle. Xkr miqueitk, mstmslgrmgtks ik sk treluzvmgs iuj ijmrk jbgck qum pkssevgr e suastgtugr ks ilgcms arutks lm ckistruk qum nk`mgjpmrej ik poeimejmitk m ik ogcmicgejmitk uraeik. pkssvmo qum imj ik futurk vminej e mxgstgr frjuoesprmscrgtgves tk sgjpoms ckjk ik pesselk, lele e ckjpomxglelmm mspmcgfgcglelm lks ckitmxtks mj qum sm gr gitmrvgr. Nevmr,sgj, qum gitmbrer ik prkcmssk lm poeimejmitk uraeik

ckicmgtks m jmlgles esskcgeles ek akj lmsmjpmink lecglelm.

msceoe les gifre-mstrutures uraeies, mxgstmj, mitrm kutrks,uj cki`uitk lm lmsefgks, qum gicoumj e gitmbrek lks ikvksperelgbjes le prkluk lm mimrbge (e jgcrk-prkluk qumutgogze fkitms lm mimrbge rmikvvmgs) m lm prkluk lm buesmcuilrge (rmcgcoele), amj ckjk les rmlms gitmogbmitmsimcmssrges pere gickrpkrer e ikve lgijgce lks fouxksmimrbtgcks m le bue.

K prkcmssk qum omver ek lmsmivkovgjmitk lm cglelms jegsseouarms, ckifkrtvmgs m etrectgves pesse pmoe ckicmrteklks veokrms e seovebuerler, pmoe efmrgk m mxpokreksgstmjtgce les skoums qum ckiluzmj e ckitmxtks uraeiksqum bereitmj es queoglelms ka`mctgveles m pmoe ckkpmrekskoglrge mitrm tklks ks ectkrms mivkovglks m efmctelks pereks gjpomjmiter. Smr jegs fcgo eoceier ckismisks skarmveokrms m skarm skoums, sm mstms essmitermj mj lelkstcigcks m cgmitfgcks ckj ks quegs ks ectkrms sm glmitgfgqumj.

Ks ckismisks sk lm mxtrmje gjpkrticge pkrqum eoeveicejes juleies imcmssrges mj prkcmlgjmitks m mjckjpkrtejmitks, jmsjk qum mstes gjpogqumj breilmsmsfkrks. Le jmsje fkrje, gjpkrteitm qum e jmisebmjqum cnmbe ek cglelk sm`e ckmrmitm, pere onm fecgogter kprkcmssk lm eleptek e ikvks ckjpkrtejmitks m e ikvesetgtulms, mspmcgeojmitm pmreitm k ckisujk.


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5.1.3 LGVMQSGLELM LM CKQ, \M^\]QE, FKQJE,]SK, XQKXQGMLELM, \GXKOKBGE...


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5.1.< FOM^GAGOGLELM LKS MSXEKS U]M NEAG\EJKS


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Es cerectmrstgces lk ckitmxtk mj qum crmscmrej ikvesckjuiglelms ku mj qum sm ckiskoglej ckjuiglelmsmxgstmitms pklmj ckiluzgr e uj lmsmivkovgjmitk jegs kujmiks sustmitvmo. Uueilk ks mlgfcgks gjpomjmitej, lmfkrje mxprmssgve m gitmrectgve, es jmonkrms tmcikokbgeslgspkivmgs pere kfmrmcmrmj ckifkrtk eks utgogzelkrms,

jgigjgzeilk tklks ks gjpectks imbetgvks skarm k ejagmitm, prkvvmo qum ks neagteitms lmsse ckjuiglelm sm sgitejjktgvelks pere ckoeakrer ik jmsjk smitglk, pkrqum ik skgilgfmrmitms e mstes cerectmrstgces lks mlgfcgks. Ks mspeksmivkovmj es pmsskes qum ks utgogzej mj eobuis prkcmsskslm lmcgsk, ckjk k cesk, pkr mxmjpok, les zkies kilm smprkcmlm smperek lks rmsluks soglks.

Jes tejaj e smisgagogzek, qum fez pertm lk prkcmssk lm

'vmiles' (prgjmgrks ckitectks ckj ks neagteitms lm ujeckjuiglelm) m e jkigtkrgzek lm ckisujks m lmsmjpmink,qum pklm smr ckjuigcele e tklks ks utgogzelkrms lm ujefkrje lglctgce, pmrjgtmj mxpokrer k pktmicgeo lks akisckjpkrtejmitks pere jmonkrer k lmsmjpmink mimrbtgck-ejagmiteo lks mlgfcgks.

K rmspmgtk pmok ejagmitm, es ecmssgagoglelms, e smbureie, egicousk skcgeo m e fecgoglelm lm ckjuigcek sk eobujes

les queoglelms qum prkjkvmj k akj lmsmivkovgjmitk lmuje ckjuiglelm. E ake bmstk le ckjuiglelm m eckiskoglek lks smrvgks rmomveitms sk queoglelms pere esquegs tejaj ks prprgks utgogzelkrms pklmj ckitrgaugr.

QMOEK CKJ E XKX]OEK OKCEOUueoqumr ikvk mjprmmilgjmitk qum kcupe m rmikve uj mspekiuje rme ckiskoglele le cglelm lmvm rmoecgkier-sm, pksgtgvem ectgvejmitm, ckj e pkpuoek okceo prmmxgstmitm. Mste rmoek

pklm smr jegs ku jmiks fkrjeo, ik miteitk lmvm, sm pkssvmo,ckitrgaugr pere eujmiter e queoglelm lm vgle lmsse pkpuoekokceo m iuice k ckitrrgk.

JGIGJGPEK LKS GJXEC\KS IMBE\GVKS SKAQM EXKX]OEK OKCEOEtrevs les ikves tmcikokbges lm etmrrk/lmsetmrrk, lureitmes mxmcums les kares, n qum jgigjgzer ks gicjklkstmjpkrrgks lm oejes, pkmgres, rulks m e epericge msttgcelk ouber.

\kles es fuims prmvgstes pere smrmj lmsmjpmineles iksmlgfcgks lmvmj smr ckitmjpoeles ie ckicmpk lks prk`mctks,lm teo fkrje qum e sue utgogzek fevkrme m gicmitgvm ujckjpkrtejmitk ejgbk lk ejagmitm, pkr pertm lks utgogzelkrms(Jeiueo lm ]tgogzek, rmckone lm rmsluks soglks ckjsmperek lks rmcgcovmgs...)4 e queoglelm lks mspeks crgelkslmvm ckitrgaugr pere mstgjuoer iks utgogzelkrms e smisek lmfezmrmj pertm lk ckitmxtk m jktgver k smu mjpmink iequeogfgcek ckitiue.

Ckj e mitrmbe lm cele freck eutikje e uj ikvk neagteitmlmvm-onm tejaj smr mitrmbum uj jeiueo lm utgogzek qumeareibm, mitrm jugtks espmctks, tkles es gilgcems skarm eake utgogzek le sue freck, lmscrmvmilk k jklk ckjk smpklm tgrer k jmonkr pertglk lm tkles es rmspmctgves queoglelms.

ECMSSGAGOGLELM XEQE \KLKSEcmssks ckifkrtvmgs ckj es lgjmisms elmqueles m tre`mctkscrgtmrgksejmitm ckicmaglks bereitmj qum tejaj kslmfgcgmitms jktkrms pkssej cnmber e tklks ks mspeks lmuj mlgfcgk ku lm uj ckitmxtk uraeik.

Ik ikve e prgkrglelm pkotgce lm mogjgier k fevkrgtgsjkpmoes jegkrges m lm fkjmiter e gitmbrek skcgeo, tejaj msceoe lks mlgfcgks. Imstm smitglk, pmrjgtgr qum, ek okibk le

sue vgle, tkles es pmsskes (gilmpmilmitmjmitm les sueslgfmrmies m ckilgcgkieitms) pkssej ecmlmr e tklks ksmspeks lm tklks ks mlgfcgks pesse e smr uje ckilgkprgkrgtrge. , ik miteitk, tk cmrtk queitk `ustk qum e treluklmstms prgicpgks pere e rmeoglelm epmies eckitmcmr sm vmicmre pmrspmctgve lm qumj smitm es aerrmgres mxgstmitms.

E fkrje ckjk konejks pere ks mspeks mj qum vgvmjks miks jkvmjks jule ek okibk le iksse vgle m, pere eobujes

pmsskes, qum ik lgspmj les jmsjes cepecglelms fsgcesku jmitegs, mxgstmj eobujes fuicgkieoglelms qum sm tkriejcrucgegs m qum ks erqugtmctks m poeimelkrms uraeiks lmvmjbereitgr, sm prmtmilmrmj ckitrgaugr pere e ecmssgagoglelmbokaeo m, lmstm jklk, pere uje skcgmlelm fuicgkieo.


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Iuje cese ckj lkgs pgsks gjpkrteitm tmr e pkssgagoglelm,jmsjk qum tmjpkrrge, lm crger uj quertk lm lkrjgr ik pgsklm ecmssk, pkrqum epmies lmste fkrje sm pklmr eckjklerik ckitmxtk fejgoger le sue cese uje pmsske glkse, ku ujepmsske qum tmj lgfgcuolelms tmjpkrrges lm jkagoglelm.

\ejaj e pkssgagoglelm lm sm ecmlmr mj 58 jgiutks e p etkles ku, pmok jmiks, e jugtes les imcmssglelms quktglgeiesm lm ecmlmrjks e uj mspek paogck lm rmfmricge, ik queopklmjks rmpkuser smj quegsqumr prmssms qum iks giluzeje ckisujgr, uje ckilgk prgkrgtrge pere uje skcgmlelmfuicgkieo.

Fecgogter e ckjuigcek mitrm utgogzelkrms lk jmsjk mlgfcgk- Uueilk uj mlgfcgk usufrug lm mspeks ckjuis qum ckivglej

ek lgokbk mitrm ks smus jkrelkrms, k omqum lm sgimrbges qumpklm rmsuoter lk rmoecgkiejmitk le ckjuiglelm gjmisurvmo.

Xere teo aeste qum k mlgfcgk, pere eoj lk smu neoo lm mitrelem lks ckrrmlkrms lm ecmssk ckjuj e momvelkrms mepertejmitks, tmine eobuis mspeks mj qum sm`e pkssvmopertgoner eobuj tmjpk lm oezmr - uj `erlgj lm ckamrture, ujlmcd, et uje seoe lm ckilkjigk, kilm es fmstes lm crgeiespmrjgtmj uje jegkr ogamrlelm m gitmreck miqueitk

prktmbmj k prprgk epertejmitk lmsse ebrmssk... Mstmsmspeks, qum tejaj pklmj smr mxtmrgkrms, ckistgtumj ujegjpkrteitm jegs-veoge pere ks utgogzelkrms. jugtk jegsprkvvmo qum sm gigcgm uj lgeokbk pere eoj lk cujprgjmitkfkrjeo, iuje seoe lm ckilkjigk, iuj lmcd ku iuj erlgj,lk qum iuj ckrrmlkr ku momvelkr.

]je ckjuiglelm krbeigzele, qum gitmrebm lm fkrje foumitmm qum pertgone e rmspkiseagoglelm lm bmstk lk mlgfcgk qum

neagte, pklm ckitrgaugr pere eujmiter ckisglmrevmojmitm equeoglelm lm vgle lks neagteitms - teitk etrevs lks smrvgksqum pklm prmster ckjk etrevs le gjpomjmitek lm ujmsprgtk lm skoglergmlelm.


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5.3 CKICMG\KS M JMLGLESLM VEOKQGPEK MCKIJGCENmrjei Leoy, ie kare Amykil Brkwtn0Ik ikvk jklmok mckijgck, k prkbrmssk ik pklm smr vgstk ckjk e mxpeisk queitgtetgve (crmscgjmitk) jes tmr qum smrvgstk ckjk e jmonkrge queogtetgve (lmsmivkovgjmitk) qum essmite ik fectk lk sgstmje tmrrmstrm smr fgigtk, ik crmscmitm mjetmrgeojmitm fmcnelk.

Xmtmr Reodmi, ie kare Ietureo Cepgteogsj0K cepgteogsjk, ckjk nk`m pretgcelk, fgieicmgrejmitm oucretgvk jes , sgjuoteimejmitm, gisustmitvmo m uje eamrreklk lmsmivkovgjmitk nujeik. K qum pklmrejks cnejer lm 'cepgteogsjk gilustrgeo' imj sm ckifkrje ckj ks prprgksprgicpgks lm ckiteagogzek. Ogqugle k prprgk cepgteo, cnejeilk-onm prkvmgtk. Ik veokrgze k prgicgpeo cepgteo qum utgogze -

ks rmcursks m sgstmjes ieturegs, cuoturegs m skcgegs, qum ckistgtumj e aesm lk cepgteo nujeik.Eo Bkrm, ie kare ]je Vmrlelm Gickivmigmitm0Sm ckj ks ikssks ectks lmstrujks k poeimte, pere qum smrvm e iksse rgqumze mckijgce;

K ckjpomxk jklmok mckijgck, qum rmbm tkles es iksses ectgvglelms (gilstrge, ckjrcgk, imbcgks ,...), lmjkistre, pkruj oelk, gieptglk ik qum lgz rmspmgtk s lgsfuims ejagmitegs (Eotmrems Cogjtgces) qum, prmsmitmjmitm, ejmeej esuasgsticge lk ikssk poeimte m, pmok kutrk, gicepecglelm lm giluzgr, pkr sg s, k lmsmivkovgjmitk sustmitvmo.E prgicgpeo prmjgsse lk jklmok mckijgck qum rmbm es iksses ectgvglelms k crmscgjmitk, jes imj k poeimte imj ks

smus rmcursks crmscmj.

msceoe jecrk mckijgce, k ejagmitm ik lm tklk ckitmjpoelk, pkrqum sm pertm lk prmssupkstk qum e selm, ks rmcursksieturegs m ks mckssgstmjes mstk smjprm lgspkivmgs m qum sk gogjgtelks. K cepgteo ietureo lk ikssk poeimte ik veokrgzelk0k er qum rmspgrejks, e bue qum ckisujgjks, ks lmjegs rmcursks ieturegs qum mxtrejks le ieturmze... tulk lmbrelejksckj e iksse utgogzek pere lmvkovmr ieturmze es mjgssms pere e etjksfmre, ks mfoumitms m ks rmsluks. Lmpkgs lmgijmrks gicglmitms, fkg mickitrele e frjuoe pere ckitmjpoer es ckilgcgkieitms qum k poeimte ckokce ek crmscgjmitk -e gitmrieogzek lm mxtmrieoglelms, quesm smjprm, msceoe jgcrkmckijgce, etrevs lm jmceigsjks lm mxcmpk. Lmstefkrje, e pkougk ckitmjpoele ckjk uj jeo gimvgtvmo lk fuicgkiejmitk m le gimfgcgicge le iksse skcgmlelm, ik

mxgstgilk gicmitgvks mstretbgcks pere e sue prmvmik. Et ks lgrmgtks lm mjgssk lm CK1pere e etjksfmre, ebkre cktelksie akose, sm tkrierej uje ckjklglelm. Sm prmtmilmjks qum k lmsmivkovgjmitk queogtetgvk sm`e e prgicgpeo prmjgsse lkikssk jklmok jecrkmckijgck, k ejagmitm tmr qum smr veokrgzelk m ckistgtugr pertm gitmbreitm lm tkles es lmcgsms.Essgj, tmr lm smr gicmitgvelk k akj lmsmjpmink m ik e eusicge lk jeu lmsmjpmink.

Jmsjk qum epmies msceoe jgcrkmckijgce, etrevs lm mxcmpms qum k sgstmje mckijgck tmite elepter-sm e mstmslmsefgks bokaegs, crgeilk jmceigsjks eastrectks m ckjpomxks (ckjk juotes, texes ejagmitegs m e akose lm crlgtks lmmjgssk lm CK1), qum k tkriej jmiks pmrcmptvmo m jmiks treispermitm. Mste feote lm treispericge, ik miteitk, ckiluze uje gisteagoglelm qum, sm ckisglmrerjks qum e iksse skcgmlelm tmilm e eujmiter e lmombek lm pklmr ik cglelk m

qum mstm sm tkrie smjprm jegs mxgbmitm, ckistgtug kutre fkrtm ejmee.

K sgstmje mckijgck qum crgjks mst itgje m prkfuilejmitm gitmrogbelk ckj e fkrje ckjk e iksse skcgmlelm fuicgkiem ckj e mstruture mj qum sm epkge e iksse queoglelm lm vgle, gickjperevmojmitm jmonkr lk qum e lks ikssks eitmpesselks...

E iksse cepecglelm lm prkluzgr amis lm ckisujk, qum fkg ckivmigmitmjmitm eckjpeinele pkr uje vkrecglelm lm ckisujk(ertgfgcgeojmitm pktmicgele pmoe gilstrge lk jerdmtgib m pmok prprgk sgstmje mckijgck), pmrjgtgu ler ckitgiuglelm ekcrmscgjmitk mckijgck, qum ik tmvm mj ckisglmrek k mqugoargk le ieturmze, le skcgmlelm m lk poeimte. Xklmjks efgrjerqum tklks mstejks 'lmpmilmitms' lk ckisujk m qum k prgicgpeo ogjgtm qum ckilgcgkie mssm ckisujk e iksse cepecglelm

fgieicmgre lm milgvglejmitk, e queo iele tmj e vmr ckj e cepecglelm lk poeimte mj supkrter ks ikssks ectks. \ejajie pmrspmctgve mckijgce tmjks lm smr skoglrgks ckj k poeimte.


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SM XQM\MILM EFMQGQ E GJXOMJMI\EK LES JMLGLES LM VEOKQGPEK MCKIJGCE, U]EILK FKQ VGSG\EQ ENEAG\EK U]M \MICGKIE EQQMILEQ K] CKJXQEQ, LMVM SMOMCCGKIEQ ES XMQB]I\ES CKJ ES U]EGS JEGS SMGLMI\GFGCE M CKOKC-OES EK GI\MQOKC]\KQ JEGS QMSXKISVMO U]M MICKI\QEQ0

50 K LMSMJXMINK MIMQB\GCK-EJAGMI\EO LK MLGFCGK FKG KX\GJGPELK ;

10 M^GS\MJ SGS\MJES U]M \QEISFKQJEJ MIMQBGES QMIKVVMGS MJ MIMQBGE \GO ;

30 M^GS\M ]J SGS\MJE LM JKIG\KQGPEK CKI\I]E LKS CKIS]JKS IK MLGFCGK, C]@KS QMS]O\ELKS SKCKJ]IGCELKS EKS ]\GOGPELKQMS MJ \MJXK QMEO;


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5.3.5 GI\MBQEK LK C]S\K QMEOLE LGJMISK EJAGMI\EO

OmtcgelkCerjk


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Juler nagtks ku ckjpkrtejmitks eks quegs iks neagtujksgjpogce uj msfkrk. Uueitk jegkr e juleie, jegkr smr kmsfkrk. Ks gicmitgvks epermcmj ckjk fkrje tmjpkrrge lmrmckjpmiser k msfkrk imcmssrgk pere vmicmr e gircge lmealgcer lm nagtks ectuegs, qum teitk prmùlgcej k poeimte,m lm beiner es ckjpmticges mssmicgegs pere jmonkrer k

lmsmjpmink mimrbtgck-ejagmiteo lk jmgk mlgfgcelk.

K jmgk mlgfgcelk e prgicgpeo ceuse les lgsfuims ejagmitegsqum ckinmcmjks m qum cermcm, imste eoture, lm urbmitmsjuleies ies prtgces ckjuis - juleies mstes lmfgiglesiks ckicmgtks m ies jmlgles le ckistruk sustmitvmo.K msfkrk pere juler es prtgces ckjuis breilm m tmr qumsmr essgjgoelk pkr tklks ks ectkrms ik smctkr le ckistruk09 Es mitglelms ogcmicgelkres ( msceoe bkvmriejmiteo, rmbgkieo

m okceo) tj e rmspkiseagoglelm lm zmoer pmok akj lmsmjpminkm pmoe queoglelm lk jmgk mlgfgcelk. jugtk gjpkrteitm qummstes mitglelms crgmj m mxgèj pelrms m jmtes lmlmsmjpmink mimrbtgck-ejagmiteo pere k tmrrgtrgk qum bmrmjm qum, lmfgigilk ks jmceigsjks elmquelks, prkjkvej k smucujprgjmitk. Sk percmgrks fuilejmitegs ik prkcmssk lmgjpomjmitek lm akes prtgces, pere k poeimejmitk m bmstklm uje cglelm.

9 K prkjktkr gjkagogrgk, qum essujm breilm pertm lksrgscks - rgscks mstms qum mj Xkrtubeo sk momvelks, lele epkuce treispericge m mxcmssgve aurkcrecge qum eckjpeinek prkcmssk lm ogcmicgejmitk lm mjprmmilgjmitks - tmr qumfezmr k msfkrk lm gicougr ik smu prkbreje prkjkcgkieo, elmfgigk lm jmtes lm lmsmjpmink mimrbtgck-ejagmiteo,ckjk prtgce ckjuj. Mstm msfkrk tkrie-sm jegkr ckj klmckrrmr lk prkcmssk lm essgjgoek lk ikvk quelrk ùrlgckckj ks ikvks rmbuoejmitks (LO 2>/1886, LO 27/1886 m LO

>8/1886, lm < lm Eargo), pkr pertm lm tklks ks gitmrvmigmitms,gicousgvm les mqugpes prk`mctgstes. Sm tgvmr eobuis gicmitgvkssgjpoms m coerks, pklmr ceieogzer jegs lks smus rmcurskspere jmonkrer k lmsmjpmink mimrbtgck-ejagmiteo lks smusmlgfcgks.

9 E mqugpe prk`mctgste, qum tmjpkrergejmitm kfmrmcm eobujermsgsticge gjpomjmitek lk ikvk quelrk ùrlgck, tmj lmfezmr k msfkrk lm essgjgoer ks ckicmgtks, es jmlgles m es

fmrrejmites qum onm pmrjgtmj efmrgr m jmonkrer k lmsmjpminkmimrbtgck-ejagmiteo lks mlgfcgks qum ckicmamj. Mstesckjpmticges sk elqugrgles epmies uje vmz, jes gjpogcejuje juleie lm jtklks lm treaeonk m lm veokrms,gitmrfmrgilk, lmste fkrje, prkfuilejmitm ik prkcmssk lmckicmpk, jes imj uj pkuck ik mstgok lm mxprmsskerqugtmctigce.

9 K mjprmgtmgrk bmreo, qum tmj tglk uj pepmo gskoelk ieckjpetgagogzek lks prk`mctks lm lgvmrses mspmcgeoglelms,fezmilk e pkitm ckj e rmeoglelm e ùseitm lk prkcmssk lmckicmpk, tmj lm fezmr k msfkrk lm gicougr ies sues `

ckjpomxes rmspkiseagoglelms uj ckiùitk lm ikvks lmsefgks,ikjmelejmitm k lm gitmbrer teitk queitk pkssvmo k prkcmssklm ckicmpk m ks ka`mctgvks bokaegs lmogimelks pere k akjlmsmjpmink mimrbtgck-ejagmiteo m k lm bmrgr e kareepogceilk mstms ka`mctgvks, ckjk k le mogjgiek lm tklk kogxk lm kare, rmutgogzeilk m prmpereilk tklks ks jetmrgegs lm

kare ik utgogzelks iks mlgfcgks pere rmutgogzek m rmcgcoebmj.

9 Es mitglelms fgieicgelkres, qum msteamomcmj ks jkiteitmslks crlgtks qum ckicmlmj e prkjktkrms pere e rmeogzeklm mjprmmilgjmitks ku mlgfcgks m qum ik gitmbrej ie sueprtgce ckjuj e eveogek lk lmsmjpmink mimrbtgck-ejagmiteo lks jmsjks, tmrk qum fezmr k msfkrk lm essujgrm vmrgfgcer ks petejerms lm mxgbicge, ckj aesm iesjmtklkokbges m iks veokrms lm lmsmjpmink lmfgiglks iks

ikvks rmbuoejmitks (LO 2>/1886, LO 27/1886 m LO >8/1886,lm < lm Eargo).

9 Uueilk msckonm e cese pere neagter, k utgogzelkr fgieo, qumik tmvm kpkrtuiglelm lm vmrgfgcer k breu lm ckifkrtk m lmseouarglelm qum mste kfmrmcm imj k jkiteitm lks smus custkslm kpmrek, tmr qum fezmr k msfkrk lm sm gifkrjer skarm ecmrtgfgcek mimrbtgce m ejagmiteo lm mlgfcgks m mxmrcmr mssmssmus lgrmgtks ie sue msckone.

Ks gicmitgvks, qum pklmrk jktgver tklks mstms ectkrms iermeogzek lk msfkrk imcmssrgk, pessej cmrtejmitm pmoevgsgagoglelm m ckiktek pksgtgve lks rmsuotelks lmstm msfkrk,jes pklmj tejaj pesser pkr uj ckiùitk lm jmlgles qumtj, pere cele uj lks ectkrms, uj amimfcgk mckijgck.s mitglelms qum rmimj ks pklmrms pere poeimer m bmrgr ktmrrgtrgk lmvm smr mxgbglk qum essujej m qum cujprej esue qukte pertm le rmspkiseagoglelm ie queogfgcek lmssm

tmrrgtrgk, gitmbreilk, lm fkrje treisvmrseo, k ikvkpksgcgkiejmitk qum, lm fkrje queitgfgcele, earee e lgjmisklk lmsmjpmink mimrbtgck-ejagmiteo.

msceoe rmbgkieo, gjpkrteitm gitmbrer, iks sgstmjeskrbigcks lm bmstk lk tmrrgtrgk, es jmtes lm lmsmjpminkmimrbtgck-ejagmiteo m gitrkluzgr ks jmceigsjks pere e suejkigtkrgzek ckitiue. E eveogek lk lmsmjpmink lm celemitglelm, ckisglmreilk k smu jagtk lm ckjpmticges, lmvm

smr miquelrele iks ka`mctgvks essujglks pmok pes. , ikmiteitk, msceoe okceo qum eckitmcmj e jegkr pertm lks ectksqum lk krgbmj s lgsfuims ejagmitegs m, pkr mstm jktgvk, mssmicgeo qum es Cjeres Juigcgpegs prkjkvej k akjfuicgkiejmitk lk tmrrgtrgk qum bmrmj, essujej es jmteslm lmsmjpmink mimrbtgck-ejagmiteo lmfgigles msceoermbgkieo, lmsebrmbeilk-es pkr smctkr lm ectgvglelm m mxgbgilkk smu cujprgjmitk sgstmjtgck e cele prkpkimitm / rmqumrmitm.

]je jmisebmj pkotgce ckmrmitm m amj ckjuigcele tmj ujpklmr mikrjm pkrqum, queilk cnmbe ek jmrcelk, pklm, pkrsg s, giluzgr juleies iks ckjpkrtejmitks. E rmeoglelm


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ectueo lk sgstmje lm texes ik rmfomctm, lm tklk, kmiquelrejmitk pkogtgck m mstretbgck lk ikvk quelrk ùrlgckqum eareibm k lmsmjpmink mimrbtgck lk jmgk mlgfgcelk m,pkr gssk, ik prkjkvm ks ckjpkrtejmitks qum sm lmsmèjlk jmrcelk (vmr fgbure mj aegxk).

Es cetmbkrges le texek lk GVE prgvgombgej ks amis lm jegkrimcmssglelm pere e pkpuoek bmreo. E texek jigje rmcegskarm ks smrvgks mimrbtgcks m lm eaestmcgjmitk lm bue,qum lmvmrgej smr ckisujglks lm fkrje jugtk mfgcgmitm pkrqumsk rmcursks ieturegs m, ik cesk le mimrbge, ckitrgaumjsuasteicgeojmitm pere es mjgssms lm CK1pere e etjksfmre.

Essgj, pmreitm e jmisebmj qum ckjuigcele pmok GVE,pklmjks essujgr qum k jegkr gitmrmssm iecgkieo k ckisujk

mimrbtgck m ik e mfgcgicge lks sgstmjes imj e elkpk lmjmlgles qum pmrjgtmj e rmluk les imcmssglelms lmckisujk lm mimrbge m bue.

]j gjpkrteitm gicmitgvk eotmrek lm nagtks lm ckisujkm lm ckjpkrtejmitks pesse pkr uje ckrrmcte jmisebmjtkp-lkwi0 prkjkvmr e utgogzek recgkieo lks rmcursks. prmpkilmreitm uje rmvgsk le texe lk GVE qum lmvm prgvgombgere treiseck lm prklutks m sgstmjes, cuè fuik eujmiter

e mfgcgicge ie utgogzek lm rmcursks.

]j sgstmje lm gjpkstks m texes qum prgvgombge es akes prtgcespklm fuicgkier ckjk fkrtm gicmitgvk ek eoerbejmitk lmstesakes prtgces ik smctkr le ckistruk.

msceoe lk poeimejmitk uraeik gjpkrteitm gicmitgver, pmokjmiks, e kptgjgzek lk lmsmjpmink mimrbtgck-ejagmiteolk jmgk mlgfgcelk, gicougilk es gifre-mstrutures m rmspmctgvesrmlms, e mxpokrek lm mimrbges rmikvvmgs m e rmcgcoebmj lmbues cgizmites m pouvgegs.

msceoe lks mlgfcgks gjpkrteitm gicmitgver, pmok jmiks,uje momvelssgje mfgcgicge mimrbtgce, uj eprkvmgtejmitkles mimrbges rmikvvmgs m les bues cgizmites m pouvgegs muje ptgje bmstk le rmoek mitrm k ckisujk m es rmlmslm eaestmcgjmitk.

\kles es jmlgles lmvmj smr gjpomjmiteles ckj ks percmgrkslm jmrcelk qum pklmj pktmicger k smu gjpectk ek okibk lkpmrklk lm vgle lk mlgfcgk.

Mitrm kutrks, ks gicmitgvks qum uje mitglelm ogcmicgelkrepklmr kfmrmcmr eks rmqumrmitms, pere prkjkvmr e kptgjgzeklk lmsmjpmink mimrbtgck-ejagmiteo le cglelm, pklmrkgicougr e rmluk lm texes m lm gjpkstks, k eujmitk le rmearute lm ckistruk ie prkpkrk lks gskoejmitks trjgcksutgogzelks ie mivkovmitm lks mlgfcgks, e ebgogzek lksprkcmssks aurkcrtgcks lm ogcmicgejmitk m lm eutkrgzek,smjprm qum neè uje cmrtgfgcek mimrbtgce ku ejagmiteo

esskcgele ek prk`mctk, qum eoceie k lmsmjpmink ckj k queoe cglelm sm glmitgfgce.

Gskoejmitk \rjgck

Vglrks lupoks lm Uueoglelm \rjgce

Cegxgonerge lm Uueoglelm \rjgce

Sgstmjes lm Skjarmejmitk Mxtmrgkr

Goujgiek lm Jugtk Aegxk Ckisujk (OML)Goujgiek lm Aegxk Ckisujk (foukrmscmitm)

Qmlutkrms lm Fouxk lm bue

Ckomctkr Skoer (Xegigs m Ecmssrgks)

Bs ietureo

Eaestmcgjmitk lm bue

Momctrgcglelm

8% =% 58% 5=% 18% 1=%

K brfgck lmjkistre es gickmricges le jmisebmj qum pesseleetrevs lk sgstmje lm texek lk Gjpkstk skarm k Veokr Ecrmscmitelk(GVE) eks ectkrms rmomveitms ik smctkr le ckistruk mj Xkrtubeo,

Construção Sustentável - Chapter 1A

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