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A prova testemunhal sempre permitida desde que no exista vedao e destina-se

formao de convencimento do Juiz, que avaliar a convenincia da sua produo e a

pertinncia das perguntas feitas, em conformidade com o sistema da persuaso racional e

os poderes que lhe so conferidos para conduzir o processo.

ANTNIO CARLOS CINTRA, ADA GRINOVER e CNDIDO DINAMARCO, ensinam que R MXL]DSUHFLDU OLYUHP HQWH D SURYD DWHQGHQGR DRV I DWRV H FLUFXQVW QFLDV FRQVWDQWHV GRV DXWRV DLQGDTXH QR DOHJDGRV SHOD SDUWH devendo LQGLFDU QD GHFLVR RV P RWLYRV TXH OKH I RUP DUDP RFRQYHQFLP HQWR

Assim, eventual dispensa de produo de provas dever sempre se revestir de

fundamentao . que ao magistrado cabe possibilitar a ambas as partes oportunidade de

manifestao e produo das provas pertinentes demanda, em observncia ao que consta

da Carta Magna, em seu artigo 5, inciso LV, assegurando aos litigantes a ampla defesa, com

os meios e recursos a ela inerentes.

Por ampla defesa, no dizer de CELSO RIBEIRO BASTOS GHYH VH HQWHQGHU R DVVHJXUDP HQWRTXH I HLWR DR UX GH FRQGL' HV TXH OKH SRVVLELOLWHP WUD] HU SDUD R SURFHVVR WRGRV RV HOHP HQWRVWHQGHQWHV D HVFODUHFHU D YHUGDGH SRU LVVR TXH HOD DVVXP H P OWLSODV GLUH' HV RUD VH WUDGX] LQGRSHOD LQTXLUL' R GH WHVWHP XQKDV RUD QD GHVLJQD' R GH XP GHIHQVRU GDWLYR QR LP SRUWDQGRDVVLP DV GLYHUVDV P RGDOLGDGHV HP XP SULP HLUR P RP HQWR $ DP SOD GHIHVD V HVWDUSOHQDP HQWH DVVHJXUDGD TXDQGR XP D YHUGDGH WLYHU LJXDLV SRVVLELOLGDGHV GH FRQYHQFLP HQWR GRP DJLVWUDGR TXHU VHMD DOHJDGD SHOR DXWRU TXHU SHOR UX V DOHJD' HV DUJXP HQWRV H SURYDVWUD] LGRV SHOR DXWRU QHFHVVULR TXH FRUUHVSRQGD XP D LJXDO SRVVLELOLGDGH GH JHUD' R GH WDLVHOHP HQWRV SRU SDUWH GR UX

A problemtica surge quando o litigante considera essencial a oitiva de testemunhas e

surpreendido pelo indeferimento da prova e eventual julgamento antecipado da lide, nos

moldes do artigo 330 do CPC. Como anota HUMBERTO THEODORO JNIOR HP ERUD DUHJUD VHMD D DGP LVVLELOLGDGH GD RXYLGD GH WHVWHP XQKD HP WRGRV RV SURFHVVRV R F GLJR SHUP LWHDR MXL] GLVSHQVDU HVVD SURYD RUDO TXDQGR D SURYD GRFXP HQWDO I RU VXILFLHQWH SDUD I RUQHFHU RVGDGRV HVFODUHFHGRUHV GR OLWflJLR RX TXDQWR LQH[ LVWLUHP I DWRV FRQWURYHUWLGRV D DSXUDU FDVRV HPTXH R MXOJDP HQWR GD OLGH SRGHU VHU DQWHFLSDGR H SURIHULGR DW P HVP R VHP DXGL QFLD VHFRQILJXUDGDV DV KLS WHVHV GR DUWLJR

Como o juiz tem sempre o poder de decidir quais provas so pertinentes ao feito, analisando

o conjunto probatrio existente nos autos, a deciso que encerra a instruo deve ser

razovel e devidamente fundamentada, sob pena de caracterizar a ocorrncia de

cerceamento de defesa, sujeitando o processo anulao a partir da negativa de produo

da prova.

O direito prova ( ULJKW WR HYLGHQFH ) e ao GXH SURFHVV RI ODZ autnomo. LUIZ GUILHERMEMARINONI afirma que GH QDGD DGLDQWD D SDUWLFLSD' R VHP D SRVVLELOLGDGH GR XVR GRV P HLRVQHFHVVULRV GHP RQVWUD' R GDV DOHJD' HV 2 GLUHLWR SURYD GHVWDUWH UHVXOWDGR GDQHFHVVLGDGH GH VH JDUDQWLU SDUWH D DGHTXDGD SDUWLFLSD' R QR SURFHVVR

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A jurisprudncia sobre o tema vasta. So muitos os reclamos de cerceamento de defesa,

posto que a parte muitas vezes cr que um testemunho negado poderia ter dado outros

contornos deciso final da lide.

Vejamos primeiramente sentenas e acrdos que reconheceram a efetiva ocorrncia de

cerceamento, a comear por colao feita por THEOTNIO NEGRO em seu CPC:

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julgado em 23/05/2001, que determinou a reabertura da instruo).

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ESPNOLA FILHO, Eduardo. Cdigo de Processo Penal Anotado. Vol. 3, S.Paulo:1955

ESTEVEZ, Rafael Fernandes

Prova Testemunhal

FERREIRA, Aurlio Buarque de Holanda

Minidicionrio Aurlio, Editora Nova Fronteira, 1 Edio, 13 Reimpresso

GUIMARES, Deocleciano Torrieri

Dicionrio Tcnico Jurdico, 5 Reimpresso, So Paulo, Editora Rideel Ltda,.

GRINOVER, Ada Pellegrini, Teoria Geral do Processo, 14 Edio ver. e atual., Editora

Malheiros, So Paulo, 1998.

JESUS, Damsio E. de, 1935- Cdigo penal anotado -8 ed. rev. e atual. So Paulo : Saraiva,

1998.

MOREIRA, Rmulo de Andrade

Da prova testemunhal no processo penal

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NASCIMENTO, Amauri Mascaro.

Curso de Direito Processual do Trabalho. 17. ed. So Paulo: Saraiva, 1997;

NEGRO, THEOTNIO

CPCivil e legislao processual em vigor, Saraiva, 31. Edio, 2005.

THEODORO JNIOR, Humberto.

Curso de Direito Processual Civil: Rio de Janeiro : Forense, 2000, 1.volume.

TOZADORI, Andr Camargo

Da prova testemunhal no Processo Penal

< http://jusvi.com/doutrinas_e_pecas/ver/22702 >

VARONE JUSTO, IGOR, Da Importncia da Prova Testemunhal no Processo Civil Brasileiro e

a Ocorrncia de Eventual Cerceamento de Defesa na Negativa de Sua Produo, excelente

monografia apresentada Universidade Paulista em 2006, sob orientao do Prof. Dr.

Cludio L. Silva, disponvel para consulta no FDP SXV Barueri/SP, em Alphaville.

NOTAS

[1] ,Q Dicionrio Tcnico Jurdico, So Paulo, Editora Rideel Ltda.

[2] Curso de Direito Processual Civil: Humberto Theodoro Jnior. Rio de Janeiro : Forense,

2000, 1.v., tpico 461.

[3] Leia-se, a respeito, o texto Os olhos e ouvidos da justia de Gisele Leite, publicado na

internet

[4] PINCHERLI apud ESPNOLA FILHO, Eduardo. Cdigo de Processo Penal Anotado. Vol. 3,

So Paulo:1955, p. 75.

D

topo

[5] Jeremy Benthan, jurista e filsofo ingls nascido em 1748

[6] "Casos de Tribunal", Marques Vidal,

< http://atuleirus.weblog.com.pt/arquivo/2005/06/livros_z_a_impo.html.>

[7] art.400 do CPC

[8] Teoria Geral do Processo, 14 Edio, 1998, Malheiros/So Paulo, p. 351.

[9] art. 93, inciso IX da Constituio Federal

[10] No interposto o agravo do indeferimento de oitava de contraditada na audincia,

est precluso o direito de ver apreciada a questo sem sede de apelao.(TJMS. 1995. Des.

Hamilton Carli).

[11] BASTOS, Celso Ribeiro, 1938 -Curso de Direito Constitucional, 22.ed. atual. So Paulo

:Saraiva, 2001, p.234.

[12] Ob.citada., item 461.

[13] Veja-se sobre o tema o artigo Princpio do Contraditrio e Direito Prova no Processo

Civil, do professor Joo Batista Lopes, da UNIMEP

[14] citado por ANDR C.TOZADORI em artigo sobre o tema, publicado na internet.

O texto encontrado no Manual do

processo de Conhecimento, Ed. RT, 2001, p. 310

[15] CPC e Legislao Processual em Vigor, Saraiva, 31 Edio, 2005, p. 393-394.

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7HVWH M VHXV FRQKHFLP HQWRV MXUflGLFRVResponda as questes e veja seu aproveitamento e o gabarito comentado:

tica profissional dos advogados II

Impostos, taxas e contribuio de melhoria (art. 64 a 82 do CTN)

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Remdios constitucionais

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Responsabilidade civil automobilstica

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Direito Administrativo - Princpios I

OAB Nacional - Direito Civil - 1 fase

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Parte geral e especial - Direito Penal

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