Ecotoxicologia de abelhas - cbe2018.com.br · Can laboratory conditions represent what really...

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Roberta Nocelli Impactos do uso de agrotóxicos e avaliação de risco para abelhas no Brasil: perspectivas para o futuro

Transcript of Ecotoxicologia de abelhas - cbe2018.com.br · Can laboratory conditions represent what really...

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Roberta Nocelli

Impactos do uso de agrotóxicos

e avaliação de risco para

abelhas no Brasil: perspectivas

para o futuro

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Efeitos

• Comportamental – alimentação,

voo, orientação, capacidade de

forrageamento;

• Fisiológicos – aprendizagem,

memória, reprodução;

• Morfológicos – desenvolvimento,

tecidos;

• Imunologicos – diminuição na

capacidade de resistir a doenças.

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Can laboratory conditions represent

what really happens in the field?

Can individuals represent the effects

to the colony?

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Paracelsus (1493-1541) – “Todas as

substâncias são venenosas, a dose correta é

que diferencia o veneno do remédio.”

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Enquanto isso, no Brasil...

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8

Relatos de casos de mortalidade (2009 –

2017)

30 50 60 105 180 890

1077 1256 1354

5122

0

1000

2000

3000

4000

5000

6000N

um

be

r of de

ad

colo

nie

s

States

GO PI MT SC SE MS RS MG PR SP

5112

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78 cidades

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Grupo de trabalho sobre riscos

de agrotóxicos para abelhas

Ibama: Karina Cham, Carlos Tonelli,

Cristiane Dias. Ivan Teixeira, Flávia

Viana-Silva and Leandro Borges;

MMA: Ceres Belchior (Biodiversity and

Forests), Cayssa Marcondes

(Environmental Quality in Industry);

Academia: Prof. Dr. Osmar Malaspina

(Unesp Rio Claro), Prof. Dra. Roberta

Nocelli (UFSCar), Carmem S. S. Pires

(Embrapa Recursos Genéticos e

Biotecnologia)

Industria: Andrea Ferraz (Andef), Ana

Paola Cione (Syngenta) and Andreia

Shiwa (Dupont).

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A análise ambiental para registro de

agrotóxicos só foi introduzida em 1989

(Antes era registrada apenas pelo ministério

da Agricultura)

A classificação e as recomendações de bula

eram baseadas exclusivamente na

toxicidade (não considerando a exposição)

Análise de risco

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DICKS, Lynn V. et al. Ten policies for pollinators. Science, v. 354, n.

6315, p. 975-976, 2016.

Fevereiro 2017: IN nº 02/2017

Avaliação de Risco de

Agrotóxicos para abelhas

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Novidades

• Testes de toxicidade aguda e crônica

em laboratório;

• Testes com adultos e larvas;

• Os estudos de resíduos devem ser

realizados no Brasil, com a cultura de

interesse;

• Foram introduzidos estudos de semi-

campo e campo.

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Foto: Andrigo Pereira (Eurofins Agroscience

Services)

Foto: Andrigo Pereira (Eurofins Agroscience

Services)

Foto: Cristiano Menezes

Foto: Ibacon GmbH

Foto: Ibacon GmbH

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Foto: Ibama Foto: Ibama

Foto: Ibama Foto: Ibama

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Foto: Andrigo Pereira (Eurofins Agroscience

Services)

Foto: Andrigo Pereira (Eurofins Agroscience

Services)

Foto: Andrigo Pereira (Eurofins Agroscience

Services)

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Foto: Andrigo Pereira (Eurofins Agroscience

Services)

Foto: Andrigo Pereira (Eurofins Agroscience

Services)

Foto: Andrigo Pereira (Eurofins Agroscience

Services)

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Desafio para o futuro

Imagens: Cristiano Menezes

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Workshop on

Pesticide Exposure Assessment

Paradigm

for non‐Apis Bees

January, 10th – 12th, 2017

Arligton, VA, USA

Karina Cham

IBAMA – Brazilian Institute for the Environment and

Renewable Natural Resources

Roberta C. F. Nocelli

Federal University of São Carlos

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Species selected according the matrix

criteria:

Social:

• Trigona spinipes = 28 p

• Tetragonisca angustula = 24 p

• Nannotrigona testaceicornis = 22 p

• Bombus morio = 19 p

• Melipona quadrifasciata = 19 p

• Melipona scutellaris = 19 p

Solitary:

• Xylocopa frontalis = 20 p

• Xylocopa grisescens = 19 p

• Eulaema nigrita = 18 p

• Centris aenea = 17 p

• Epicharis flava = 16 p

Main criteria:

1. Geografic

distribution

2. Association with

agricultural

environments

3. Abundance in crops

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Obstáculos

• Disponibilidade de abelhas

comerciais para a realização dos

estudos;

• Conhecimento sobre a biologia

das espécies;

• Métodos padronizados

específicos.

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• DL50 topic

• DL50 oral

Non-Apis group ICPPR

Subgroup Stingless bee

Laboratory

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Larvae

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Chamada pública

nº 32/17:

Polinizadores

CNPq/MCTIC/IBAMA/ASSOCIAÇÃ

O ABELHA

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E é só isso?

Land use change and

management intensity

Climate Change

Pesticides and GMOs

Pollinator management and pathogens

Invasive alien species

Crop pollination defict or

yield loss/instability, with

effects on agricultural

markets

Loss of pollinator diversity

Loss of wild plant diversity

and wild fruit yields due to

pollination deficit

Decline in long-term

resilience of food

production systems

Adapted from POTTS, Simon G. et al. Safeguarding pollinators and their values to

human well-being. Nature, v. 540, n. 7632, p. 220, 2016.

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Obrigada!!!

[email protected]