EXPERT SYSTEM TO EXPERT SYSTEM TO CLASSIFY SEMANTIC CLASSIFY SEMANTIC

INFORMATION TO INFORMATION TO IMPROVE MAP DESIGNIMPROVE MAP DESIGN

Msc. Marcio Augusto Reolon SchmidtProf. Dra. Luciene Stamato Delazari

 Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Geodésicas

Departamento de GeomáticaUNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DO PARANÁ

BRAZIL

1- Introduction

2- Social Atlas

3- Expert System

4- ES evaluation and Web implementation

INTRODUCTIONINTRODUCTION

GIS and Mapping systems accessible to casual

users

Those systems allow different possibilities for

symbol selection and map-building

User Classes:

◦Cartographer

◦Map-maker users

◦Decision Maker

Maps poorly structured, in magazines,

newspapers, and even in scientific literature

INTRODUCTIONINTRODUCTION

Municipalities and NGO use and generate maps for planning cities and carry out social and ecological analysis

Technicians (non cartographers) do not know the Map Design principles

The problem in Brazil, seems to be concentrated on how to classify information in terms of level of measurement and, therefore, how to symbolize maps, the final steps of map design

INTRODUCTIONINTRODUCTIONMajor problems founded in those maps:

◦ continuous color ramps representing discrete data◦ map projections problems◦ complex symbols with no important information,◦ “noisy" representation making any trying of

interpretation a hard task.

Those problems are similar to those pointed by Weibel e Buttenfield (1992)

INTRODUCTIONINTRODUCTIONQuestions that outcomes:

If casual users cannot be trained one by one, how is it possible to ensure they will achieve minimal level of understand about correct use of GIS?

How to help casual users to classify attributes and symbolize maps according to the principles of map design?

THE SOCIAL ATLAS:THE SOCIAL ATLAS:A SUPPORT TO THE EXPERT A SUPPORT TO THE EXPERT

SYSTEMSYSTEM

INTRODUCTIONINTRODUCTIONThe objective was support the SETP. This bureau is responsible for define social assistance public policies acting as a governmental manager, defining destination and application for financial resources.

SETP technicians in 2000: Delazari in 2004:

THE EXPERT SYSTEMTHE EXPERT SYSTEM

DB ES

KB DIC

EXPERT SYSTEMEXPERT SYSTEM

DB

EXPERT SYSTEM EXPERT SYSTEM INTERFACEINTERFACE

DATA FLOWDATA FLOW1 2 3

456

EXPERT SYSTEM EXPERT SYSTEM INTERFACEINTERFACE

EXPERT SYSTEM EXPERT SYSTEM INTERFACEINTERFACE

RESULTS AND RESULTS AND EVALUATIONEVALUATIONThe evaluation process: two different groups of

users who answered the same questionnaire ◦ 5 cartographers, or people with prior knowledge of

mapping software◦ 6 professionals of Social Assistance, with very little

or none experience of map making◦ Both groups with same set of tasks: insert or

editing thematic information on DB and see it on a map

◦ At the end of each task users should answer "yes" or "no" to some questions about their comprehension

RESULTS AND RESULTS AND EVALUATIONEVALUATION

We performed a qualitative analysis of results based on the questionnaire answers

We analyzed the Social Service technicians in terms of their comprehension, difficulties to use the system and assessment of data classification

The cartographers answered the same questionnaire, showing good comprehension of use and implementation of the expert systems and Social Atlas

RESULTS AND RESULTS AND EVALUATIONEVALUATIONDifficulties:

The wide range of conditions present in the rules can lead to ambiguities in the classification process (language issues)

There is a need of continuous dictionary maintenance, because it seems to be sensible to map use context

Each context of map use and user requires the development of a specific dictionary

Web Version of Atlas Web Version of Atlas SocialSocial

ACKNOWLEDGMENTACKNOWLEDGMENT

Thank You!!!!Please visit our research group website:

www.cartografia.ufpr.br