Fernando Del Rio 8 Feb

8/3/2019 Fernando Del Rio 8 Feb

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INTERNATIONAL TRADEAND THE EUROPEAN

DIMENSION

04/29/12 Fernando Del Rio Perez


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BALANCE OF PAYMENTS IN UK

(*millions)

http://www.statistics.gov.

uk04/29/12 Fernando Del Rio Perez


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VALUE OF TRADE BETWEEN THE UKAND THE REST OF THE WORLD



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BRIC COUNTRIES.ECONOMY GROWTH RATES

The term BRIC is a short form of Brazil, Russia, India &China. These countries look set to become the dominanteconomies by 2050

GDP Growth Rate 2010

http://www.tradingeconomics.com/



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UK-BRIM COUNTRIES TRADE

BRASIL

Trade between Brazil and UK now stands at $5 billion, and increase of nearly 24 per

cent since 2006

RUSSIA

Since 2001 UK-Russia trade has been growing by an average of 21% y-o-y.

Russia is the UKs 16th largest export market

INDIA

India presents a massively lucrative market for all UK.

UK has exported near 4 billion of goods and services to India from 2005.

CHINA

China is THE great economic success story of the past 30 years. . Whether selling,

trading, investing or franchising, China offers opportunities in abundance to UK

companies, large or small.



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PROTECTIONISM

The advocacy, system, or theory of protecting domestic producers by

impeding or limiting, the importation of foreign goods and services

Reason of protectionism

Protects UK businesses from extra competition Helps new UK businesses to develop before they face competition

Helps protect UK jobs

Prevents foreign countries dumping lots of cheap imports into the UK

Prevents imports of harmful or desirable goods

Methods of protectionism

TariffsQuotasExchange controlsTechnical barriersPhysical barriers



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WORLD TRADE ORGANISATION

The World Trade Organisation (WTO) was set up in 1995 and

succeeded the general Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT).

The aim of the WTO is to help trade flow smoothly, freely, fairly

and predictably. It:

a.Administrates trade agreements

b.Implementation and monitoring

c.Dispute settlement

d.Building trade capacity

e.Outreach



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GLOBALIZATION

Globalization is the system of interaction among the countries

of the world in order to develop the global economy.

Globalization refers to the integration of economics and

societies all over the world



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EFFECTS OF GLOBALIZATION

Benefits

Steady increase in the demand for commodities

Trade in good and services

Lower inflation.

Increase travelling(commerce and pleasure).

Free movement of big amount of capital.

Labour specialized from the other countries

Sept up factories in different countries with cheaper labour.

Technological advancement

There is supranational recognition of intellectual property restrictions

Problems

Unemployment,

Social degeneration

Difficulty of competition



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THE KYOTO PROTOCOL AND RIOEARTH SUMMIT

Rio earth summit

Conference held in Rio de Janeiro (June 314, 1992) to reconcile

worldwide economic development with environmental protection. It was

the largest gathering of world leaders in history, with 117 heads of stateand representatives of 178 countries.

The Kyoto Protocol is an international agreement setting targets for

industrialised countries to cut their greenhouse gas emissions. These gases

are considered at least partly responsible for global warming - the rise in

global temperature which may have catastrophic consequences for life on

Earth. The protocol was agreed in 1997, based on principles set out in a

framework convention signed in 1992.



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Problems

The U.S., largest producer of greenhouse gases, producing 20% of the

worlds total is not part of it.

Big producers of greenhouse gases can buy credits so they dont have tothemselves reduce emissions

China, is under NO OBLIGATION to reduce its emissions under the

protocol.

Overall results are mixed. Some nations are meeting the goals and others are

failingThe carbon production limits are the causes of problems in developed

nations.(penalties, offset trading)

utilizing "alternative" electricity sources(more expensive)



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Benefits

The reduction of smoke stack and exhaust fumes that cause the green house

effect

First step in getting many nations to agree to decrease their greenhouse gasemissions

Provides the essential architecture for any future international agreement on

climate change.

Kyoto protocol and its legally binding status

Additional mechanism to meet the targetEmissions trading

Clean Development Mechanism (CDM),

Joint implementation



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EU POLICIESFISHING AND AGRICULTURE

The Common Fisheries Policy (CFP) is the fisheries policy of the

European Union. It sets quotas for which member states states are allowed

to catch what amounts of each type of fish, as well as encouraging the

fishing industry by various market interventions.

Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) is a system of European Union

agricultural subsidies which represents about 50%-70% of the EU's

spending. These subsidies work by guaranteeing a minimum price to

producers, which provides some economic certainty for EU farmers, thus

ensuring the production of a certain quantity of agricultural goods.



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COMMON FISHERIES POLICY (CFP).IMPACT IN UK

CPT drives up food prices in UK

Destroys jobs in the fishing industry and in fishing communities

Devastated UK fish stocks(cod)and resulted in a huge bill for the

UK economy through administrative costs and lost business.

The ecological impact has been extreme

Britain provides three quarters of the EUs fishing stocks, but EU

quotas leave us only one eighth of the value of the catch.



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COMMON FISHERIES POLICY (CFP).BENEFITS IN UK

The conservation of stocks/environmental impact

Structures and fleet management (such as vessels, port facilities

and fish processing plants).

The organisation of the market for fish in the EU

Strengthening the competitiveness and the viability of operatorsin the sector.

The improvement of scientific and technical advice



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COMMON AGRICULTURAL POLICY(CAP)IMPACT IN UK

CAP drives up food prices in UK.

The EU pays farmers to 'set aside.

Lack of food(rapidly-increasing population).

EU Puts their poor farmers out of business.

The EU likes to claim that it helps Third World countries(affect

uk business)



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COMMON AGRICULTURAL POLICY(CAP)BENEFITS IN UK

Ensure the safety and quality of food

It ensures that the food you buy is reasonably priced

Land management

Viable rural areas

Respond to Climate Change

Competitiveness in a global market



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CONCLUSION

The Kyoto protocol and Rio Earth Summit

As we know, Kyoto Protocol has many weaknesses and their effectiveness is far from

100%. Some of the largest producers of emissions( U.S )are not part of this, which

means a big problem.

Nevertheless , in my opinion I think it's much better to do something than not to try

anything. It is a way to make countries more aware of climate change as well as

being the first step in future projects to combat climate change

EU Policies

It is widely known that the policies do not affect in a positive way to all countries

and it should be reviewed and try to adapt it to each country as much as possible .Inmy opinion, generally speaking, I think that the policies create an order between

member of the European union and also it control the market to prevent some to

have more privileges than others


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BIBLIOGRAPHY

Palmer, Adrian and Hartley, Bob. (2006) The business environment, 5th edn. New York, McGraw-Hill education

Riley, Pippa. (2010),Business essentials supporting HND/HNC and foundation degrees / Business environment,2nd edn,

London, BBP Learning Media Ltd

HM Revenue & Customs (HMRC). https://www.uktradeinfo.com/

UK National Statistics , International Trade http://www.statistics.gov.uk/hub/business-energy/businesses/international-trade

International trade and tariff data. http://www.wto.org/english/res_e/statis_e/looking4_e.htm#summary

An Overview of the BRIC Economies http://www.selloverseas.co.uk/overview-bric-economies.html

UK Trade & Investment . http://www.ukti.gov.uk/export/countries.html

BIS Department for business innovation & skills ,Policies

http://www.bis.gov.uk/policies/better-regulation/policy/european-legislation

GDP Growth BRIC countries . http://www.tradingeconomics.com/

Office for National Statistics (ONS). Pink bookhttp://www.statistics.gov.uk/statbase/product.asp?vlnk=1140

Protectionismhttp://tutor2u.net/economics/gcse/revision_notes/international_trade_protectionism_trade_barriers_and_free_trade.htm

Globalisation http://tutor2u.net/economics/content/topics/trade/globalisation.htm

The Kyoto Protocol http://climatechange.sea.ca/kyoto_protocol.html

http://www.bized.co.uk/educators/16-19/economics/markets/activity/pricecontrol2.htm

Fishing Policy http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/newstopics/politics/4391211/EU-fisheries-policy-

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Fernando Del Rio 8 Feb

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