Ficha de Trabalho 3
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Ficha de Trabalho 3 ______________________________________________________________________ PASSIVE VOICE Verb Tense Active Passive Present simple The farmer keeps the cows here The cows are kept here by the farmer Present continuous They are painting the house The house is being painted Past Simple John wrote the letter The letter was written by John Past continuous Sally was driving the car The car was being driven by Sally Present perfect The police has raid the area The area has been raided by the police Present perfect continuous The police has been raiding the area The area has been being raided by the police Past perfect They had never done it before It had never been done before Past perfect continuous They had been restoring the old house The old house had been being restored Future We will finish it soon. It will be finished soon Conditional They would do it in time. It would be done in time Modals They can't farm that land. That land can't be farmed Indirect Passive Passiva (Passiva idiomática) (o complemento indirecto passa para sujeito da passiva) Active Passive They pay him a good salary He is paid a good salary They offered Jack a new job Jack was offered a new job We will give her all the support she needs She will be given all the support she needs Alternative Passive Active Passive They say nuclear energy presents too many disadvantages It is said that nuclear energy presents too many disadvantages Nuclear energy is said to present too many disadvantages EXERCISES
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Transcript of Ficha de Trabalho 3
Ficha de Trabalho 3
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PASSIVE VOICEVerb Tense Active Passive Present simple The farmer keeps the cows here The cows are kept here by the farmer Present continuous They are painting the house The house is being painted
Past Simple John wrote the letter The letter was written by John
Past continuous Sally was driving the car The car was being driven by Sally Present perfect The police has raid the area The area has been raided by the police Present perfect continuous
The police has been raiding the area The area has been being raided by the police
Past perfect They had never done it before It had never been done before Past perfect continuous They had been restoring the old
house The old house had been being restored
Future We will finish it soon. It will be finished soon Conditional They would do it in time. It would be done in time Modals They can't farm that land. That land can't be farmed Indirect Passive Passiva (Passiva idiomática)
(o complemento indirecto passa para sujeito da passiva)Active Passive
They pay him a good salary He is paid a good salary
They offered Jack a new job Jack was offered a new job
We will give her all the support she needs She will be given all the support she needs
Alternative Passive
Active Passive
They say nuclear energy presents too many disadvantages
It is said that nuclear energy presents too many disadvantages
Nuclear energy is said to present too many disadvantages
EXERCISES
A. Change into the passive (The first one is already done as an example)
Present Simple
1. They kill 50.000 seals a year
50.000 seals are killed a year
2. He gives an interview every month
An interview ……
3. The housekeeper doesn't lock the door every night
The door ...
Present Continuous
1. John is writing a new article on consumerism
A new article on consumerism is being written by John.
2. They are building a new road.
A new road ….
3. Pollution isn’t affecting the area.
The area …
Past Simple
1. He increased the voltage slowly
The voltage was increased.
2. He occasionally turned the machine off
The machine ...
3. They didn’t give any information about the school rules.
No information ...
Past Simple continuous
1.They were carrying out a survey.
A survey was being carried out.
2. The TV was informing the consumers.
The consumers …
3.Peter wasn’t taking a different attitude
A different attitude …
Present Perfect
1.The police have raided the area frequently.
The area has been raided by the police
2.Somebody has scratched my car
My car ...
3. Somebody has killed the President
The President ...
4. They haven’t contacted her mother yet.
Her mother....
Present Perfect continuous
1. They haven’t been executing his orders.
His orders haven’t been being executed.
2. They have been warning the population about the dangers of contaminated water.
The population …
Future; Conditional; Modal verbs
1. They will postpone the meeting.
The meeting will be postponed.
2. They can produce the brochures here.
The brochures
3. You must abandon the scheme.
The scheme
B. Rewrite as indicated below (the first is already done as an example)
1.The policeman stopped the burglar
The burglar was stopped by the burglar.
2. Thousands of people watched the rock concert
The rock concert ...
3. They will repair our bathroom at the end of the week.
Our bathroom...
...
PHRASAL VERBS E PREPOSITIONAL VERBSEsses verbos podem ser classificados quanto:Ao significado:PHRASAL VERBS: o significado NÃO pode ser deduzido a partir do verbo e da partícula adverbial.PREPOSITIONAL VERBS: o significado PODE ser deduzido a partir das partes que o compõem.Ao número de palavras:A TWO-WORD VERB / TWO-PART VERB: to put on (vestir) - Put on your jacket! (Vista a sua jaqueta!)A THREE-WORD VERB / THREE-PART VERB: to put up with (tolerar) - I can't put up with this noise. (Não posso tolerar este barulho.).
Phrasal Verbs São verbos de duas ou três partes formados basicamente por um verbo mais uma ou duas partículas, que o complementam. isto é, podem ser classificados como sendo uma frase. As partículas podem ser preposições ou advérbios e o significado total das palavras é geralmente diferente do significado individual dos elementos que o compõem. Sendo assim, não podem ser traduzidos literalmente na maioria das vezes e devem ser encarados como vocábulos independentes dos elementos que os compõem. Exemplo: sit (verbo) + down (advérbio) = sit down (sentar)get (verbo) + in (preposição) = get in (entrar)
Características
Como podemos ver a partir dos exemplos acima, os phrasal verbs são formados da seguinte maneira:
verbo + uma partícula (preposição ou advérbio)
Os phrasal verbs são uma peculiaridade da língua inglesa que dão um tom mais informal à linguagem e estão presentes em inúmeras situações, tanto no dia a dia quanto nas situações que requerem uma certa formalidade. A aparente dificuldade em entendê-los deve-se ao fato de que eles não existem em português.1. O verbo que segue de base para o phrasal verb pode ser regular ou irregular: call (regular), give (irregular).
2. Em alguns casos, a partícula pode ser separada do verbo, isto é, o objeto é colocado entre o verbo e a partícula. Quando o objeto for um pronome, a partícula será, necessariamente, separada. Observe os exemplos a seguir:Please turn on the light. = Please turn the light on. = Please turn it on. (Por favor, ligue a luz.)She switched on the TV. = She switched the TV on. = She switched it on. (Ela ligou a televisão.)Take off your shoes. = Take your shoes off. = Take them off. (Tire seus sapatos.)
Veja a LISTA DE PHRASAL VERBS SEPARÁVEIS
3. Há casos, no entanto, em que a partícula não pode ser separada do verbo. Veja alguns exemplos abaixo:
While she was cleaning the house, she came across a pair of gold earrings. (Enquanto ela estava limpando a casa, encontrou um par de brincos de ouro.)
Your daughter doesn't take after you at all. (Sua filha não se parece nada com você.)Veja a LISTA DE PHRASAL VERBS INSEPARÁVEIS
4. Como os outros verbos, os phrasal verbs podem ser transitivos (requerem objeto, pois seu sentido não está completo em si) ou intransitivos (seu sentido está completo em si e portanto, não requerem objeto). Quando transitivos, os phrasal verbs podem ser separados. Observe:
He took off his jacket. = He took his jacket off. (Ele tirou o casaco.) (obj. dir.)The plane took off. (O avião decolou.)
Veja a LISTA DE PHRASAL VERBS INTRANSITIVOS
Os Phrasal Verbs transitivos são subdivididos em:
- Inseparáveis
What a terrible journey! We broke down twice on the way home. (Que viagem terrível! Nosso carro quebrou duas vezes no caminho de volta para casa.)
- Separáveis
Please, turn on the light. = (Por favor, ligue a luz.)
Please, turn the light on.
Please, turn it on.
Please, turn on it. Errado! A Separação é obrigatória quando se utiliza o pronome it.
5. Alguns phrasal verbs apresentam partículas que servem apenas para indicar que a ação está completa ou para reforçar/enfatizar o sentido do verbo. Este verbo é frequentemente formado com a partícula up. Exemplos:
cut off - cortarburn up - queimarmix up - misturar
Observações:
A) Quando o objeto é longo, evita-se separar os phrasal verbs, uma vez que isto dificultaria a compreensão:
Yesterday the teacher pointed out problems related to phrasal verbs. / Yesterday the teacher pointed problems related to phrasal verbs out. (Ontem a professora apontou problemas relacionados aos phrasal verbs.)
Apesar de estar gramaticalmente correta, a segunda oração apresentaria problemas práticos de compreensão.
B) Quando não soubermos se o phrasal verb é separável ou não, poderemos fazer uso das seguintes dicas para evitar erros:
1 - Evitar o emprego de objetos pronominais, principalmente em phrasal verbs idiomáticos, aqueles em que não podemos deduzir seu significado total analisando separadamente as partes que o compõem;
2 - Phrasal verbs literais são geralmente separáveis;
3 - Phrasal verbs que indicam ações completas, concluídas ou reforçam/enfatizam o sentido do verbo são geralmente separáveis.
