INSTITUCIÓN EDUCATIVA FULGENCIO LEQUERICA VELEZ GUIA DE TRABAJO

AREA: INGLES GRADO: 9 PERIODO: 2 HORAS: 39 horas

PROPÓSITO DEL AREA: Formar estudiantes fulgencistas competentes en las cuatro habilidades básicas del idioma Inglés (listening, speaking, writing & reading), para que interactúen en actos comunicativos de su entorno turístico.

AMBITO O PENSAMIENTO: Listening, writing, speaking, Reading. Expresar situaciones imaginarias, posibilidades, permisos, obligaciones y sugerencias en la lengua inglesa.

ENSEÑANZA:

First and second conditional. Modal verbs. Comparative and superlative.

Objetivos específicos (Indicadores de logros). Writing, Reading, writing and listening skill.

Expresar condiciones de manera oral y escrita. Expresar habilidades, posibilidades, sugerencias entre otras en inglés. Comparar personas, animales y cosas en la lengua inglesa.

INITIAL ACTIVITY

Let´s see the following video

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yfZX3JtnDY8

DEVELOPMENT ACTIVITY

Modal Verbs

Here's a list of the modal verbs in English:

can could may might willwould must shall should ought toModals are different from normal verbs:

1: They don't use an 's' for the third person singular.2: They make questions by inversion ('she can go' becomes 'can she go?').3: They are followed directly by the infinitive of another verb (without 'to').

Probability:

First, they can be used when we want to say how sure we are that something happened / is happening / will happen. We often call these 'modals of deduction' or 'speculation' or 'certainty' or 'probability'.

For example:

It's snowing, so it must be very cold outside. I don't know where John is. He could have missed the train. This bill can't be right. £200 for two cups of coffee!

Click here to find out more about probability.

Ability

We use 'can' and 'could' to talk about a skill or ability.

For example:

She can speak six languages. My grandfather could play golf very well. I can't drive.

Click here to find out more about ability.

Obligation and Advice

We can use verbs such as 'must' or 'should' to say when something is necessary or unnecessary, or to give advice.

For example:

Children must do their homework. We have to wear a uniform at work. You should stop smoking.

Click here to find out more about obligation

Permission

We can use verbs such as 'can', 'could' and 'may' to ask for and give permission. We also use modal verbs to say something is not allowed.

For example:

Could I leave early today, please? You may not use the car tonight. Can we swim in the lake?

Habits

We can use 'will' and 'would' to talk about habits or things we usually do, or did in the past. 

For example:

When I lived in Italy, we would often eat in the restaurant next to my flat. John will always be late!

Forming Comparative and Superlative AdjectivesOne-syllable adjectives.

Form the comparative and superlative forms of a one-syllable adjective by adding –er for the comparative form and –est

for the superlative.

One-Syllable Adjective Comparative Form Superlative Form

tall taller tallest

One-Syllable Adjective Comparative Form Superlative Form

old older oldest

long longer longest

Mary is taller than Max.

Mary is the tallest of all the students.

Max is older than John.

Of the three students, Max is the oldest.

My hair is longer than your hair.

Max's story is the longest story I've ever heard.

If the one-syllable adjective ends with an e, just add –r for the comparative form and –st for the superlative form.

One-Syllable Adjective Ending with a Single Consonant with a Single Vowel before It Comparative Form Superlative Form

big bigger biggest

thin thinner thinnest

fat fatter fattest

My dog is bigger than your dog.

My dog is the biggest of all the dogs in the neighborhood.

Max is thinner than John.

Of all the students in the class, Max is the thinnest.

My mother is fatter than your mother.

Mary is the fattest person I've ever seen.

Two-syllable adjectives.

With most two-syllable adjectives, you form the comparative with more and the superlative with most.

Two-Syllable Adjective Comparative Form Superlative Form

peaceful more peaceful most peaceful

pleasant more pleasant most pleasant

careful more careful most careful

thoughtful more thoughtful most thoughtful

This morning is more peaceful than yesterday morning.

Max's house in the mountains is the most peaceful in the world.

Max is more careful than Mike.

Of all the taxi drivers, Jack is the most careful.

Jill is more thoughtful than your sister.

Mary is the most thoughtful person I've ever met.

If the two-syllable adjectives ends with –y, change the y to i and add –er for the comparative form. For the superlative form

change the y to i and add –est.Two-Syllable Adjective Ending with -y Comparative Form Superlative Form

happy happier happiest

angry angrier angriest

Two-Syllable Adjective Ending with -y Comparative Form Superlative Form

busy busier busiest

John is happier today than he was yesterday.

John is the happiest boy in the world.

Max is angrier than Mary.

Of all of John's victims, Max is the angriest.

Mary is busier than Max.

Mary is the busiest person I've ever met.

Exceptions.

Irregular adjectives.

Irregular Adjective Comparative Form Superlative Form

good better best

bad worse worst

far farther farthest

little less least

many more most

Italian food is better than American food.

My dog is the best dog in the world.

My mother's cooking is worse than your mother's cooking.

Of all the students in the class, Max is the worst.quiet more quiet most quiet

simple simpler simplest

simple more simple most simple

ASSESSMENT ACTIVITY

EXERCISE 1

Read and choose the correct option

1 If you hear people screaming...[N.B. This is a ZERO conditional!]

what do you do?

what would you do?

2 She wouldn't help anyone...

if they are in trouble.

if they were in trouble.

3 I'll be back here by ten p.m. tonight...

if the train wasn't late.

unless the train is late.

4 If there isn't enough food for the guests to eat...

we can get some Chinese take-away.we would get some Chinese take-away.

5 I might possibly lend you my mini-scooter...[N.B. This could be a ZERO conditional!]

if you promised to be careful.if you promise to be careful.

6 If no-one calls by next week...I would sell the stereo to you.I will sell the stereo to you.

7 I would tell you of course...

if I knew the answer.

if I'll know the answer.

8 What will you do...if she refuses to go out with you?if she'll refuse to go out with you?

9 If you studied more...you won't fail your exams.you wouldn't fail your exams.

10 I'll give you the money tomorrow...

if I can

if I could

EXERCISE 2

Read the information in the chart and complete the verbs in the sentences (do not use abbreviations in the future form):

FIRST CONDITIONAL EXAMPLES

- We use the first conditional to express possibility in the present or in the future.- The subordinate clause (If-clause) has a verb in the present simple. Themain clause is always in the future.

- "If I don't study, I won't pass my exams"- "If the weather is good, we'll go for a walk in the park."- "I will buy that CD if I have enough money."

  

a) If you   (help) me with my homework, I   (finish) it in time to go to the cinema. 

b) If it   (not/rain), the students   (practice) sport in the playground. 

c) Jane   (come) home early if she   (not/be) very busy at work. 

d) Our teacher   (be) pleased if we   (do) our homework. 

e) If Robert   (play) football with us, we   (win) the match.   2. Look at the pictures and choose the correct option. What can we do to save our planet? 

        

a                                                                                                                    

a) If we   (recycle) more, we   (help) our planet. 

b) If people   (share) their cars to go to work, there   (not/be) so many car fumes. 

c) We   (save) thousands of trees if we   (waste) so much paper. 

d) If the govenment   (fine) those who pollute the atmosphere, some factories   (stop) throwing waste into rivers. 

e) If we only   (use) the water we need, we   (contribute) to our planet's recovery.

EXERCISE 3

Choose the correct modal or modal form to fit the sentence.

Note: In some questions more than one of the answer choices may be heard in current English. The answer shown as correct is the one that is expected in traditional grammar.

Q1. I didn’t feel very well yesterday. I ..... eat anything.cannot

couldn’t

mustn’t

Q2. You ..... look at me when I am talking to you.

could

should

would

Q3. I was using my pencil a minute ago. It ..... be here somewhere!

can

could

must

would

Q4. You really ..... be late again.

must not

don’t have to be

Q5. If you don’t start working harder, you ..... repeat the course next year.

have to

must

will have to

Q6. His parents spoil him. He’s always ..... to do whatever he wants.

been able

been allowed

Q7. Phone her now.She ..... home by now.

has to be

must be

would be

Q8. You ..... forget your sun cream. It’s going to be very hot!

don’t have to

mustn’t

needn’t

Q9. I ..... be able to help you, but I’m not sure yet.

might

would

Q10. Entrance to the museum was free. We ..... pay to get in.

needn’t

didn’t need to

Q11. Already as a child Mozart ..... play the piano beautifully.

could

should

would

Q12. Which sign are you more likely to see at an airport: Bags ..... not be left unattended.

can

must

may

Q13. I really ..... try to get fit.

may

must

would

Q14. ..... take a photograph of you?Am I allowed to

May I

Q15. Students ..... borrow up to 6 books at any time.are allowed to

could

Q16. Whose is this bag? - I don’t know, but it ..... belong to Yuta.

could

may

should

would

Q17. ..... I go to the bathroom, please?

May

Must

Would

Q18. His excuse ..... be true, but I don’t believe.

can

may

Q19. It’s very important to ..... speak more than one language.

can

be able to

Q20. I don’t like ..... get up early on a Sunday.

being able to

being allowed to

having to

Q21. ..... you speak French? - Only a few words, but my Russian is pretty good.

Can

Could

Q22. ..... you help me move this table? (Both answers are possible. Choose the more polite request.)

Can

Could

Q23. I ..... talk already before I was two years old.could

should

would

Q24. I ..... help you, but I don’t want to.can

could

would

Q25. ..... you open the window, please.Can

May

EXERCISE 4

Test your knowledgeChoose the best answer.