[HICEE] OPM Review

Mission Simulation LabHICEE



10:05 1

Ficha:

Nome: Apresentação sobre OPM

Local: INPE

Data: 2016-11-10 – 17h00 18h00

Público Alvo: Alunos de Pós-Graduação - Multidisciplinares



Object-ProcessMethodology - OPM

Christopher Shneider Cerqueira Ana Maria Ambrosio Claudio Kirner



Reality Shift

10:05cscerqueira.com.br 3

Margaret Hamilton

Servers

Tools are model-centric



Requirements


1. No requirements.

2. Written requirements

3. Diagramatic

Requirements

4. Simulatable

Requirements





Models, models, models, models....

▪ The specialities have good modelling definitionsand tools

▪ Electrical

▪ Mechanical

▪ Thermic

▪ Etc.

▪And to describe systems??


Model centric tools





SysML - System Modelling Language

▪ SysML is UML to System

▪ SysML support especification, analysis, design, verfication of systems

▪Hardware, Software, data, human resources, procedures and infrastructure.

▪ http://www.omgsysml.org/

▪ SysML V1.4 Beta Specification

▪ – March 2014






SysML


Figura da palestra do Prof. Dov Dori





The start: How do we explain ideas to each other?

▪ Grab a pen and piece of paper, or a chalk and blackboard

▪ Scribble shapes with names next to them

▪ While talking, run lines with or without arrows among the shapes

▪ Follow the reaction of the audience to see if idea is understood

▪ Answer questions, continue scribbling…10:05 9





The start:These “first” ideias Conceptual Modelling

▪ A systematic, formalized process of describing,specifying, designing or explaining ideas, systems,products or processes through a model

▪ Applicable to both:

▪ Science – Studying what is known and what is missing to satisfy human thirst for knowledge, and

▪ Engineering – Designing systems to benefit humans, based on sound scientific principles

▪ Science can be thought of as reverse engineering of nature

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The start:Theoretical Foundations

▪ Dual Channel Processing (visual and verbal)

▪ Limited Capacity –amount of human processing.

▪ Active Processing –learning occurs during active cognitive processing. (Simulation)

▪ Ontology: set of concepts for describing a domain

▪ Universal Ontology: a domain-independentset of concepts for describing systems.

10:05 11http://esml.iem.technion.ac.il/wp-content/uploads/2015/02/webinar_020915.pdf



• simple yet expressive,

and

• intuitive yet formal

The start:

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Convert

Construct

Communicate

Concept

Models

fragmented knowledge into

explicit and integrated

knowledge

concise models

The model to

stakeholders

ISO-19450 - OPMObject Process Methodology

http://www.iso.org/iso/catalogue_detail.htm?csnumber=62274

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OPM

Prof. Dov Dori

Created in 2002

improving and showing

it applicability

• A Single Diagram – Maps Behaviour and Structure

• 2 Building Blocks and 10 basic relations

• Designed to “Systemic View” and “Concept Design”

• Simulation Ready

• ~130 Pages standard

• Published in late 2015

• Intended to “Automation Systems and

Integration”

• Has the “power” of a ISO seal. 14



OPM’s only two building blocks:

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Product

testing

not tested tested1. Objects with states

2. Processes

All the other elements are relations between things,

Expressed graphically as links



Two simultaneous cognitive channels: visual-OPD and textual-OPL

Diagram (OPD) Textual (OPL)

Christopher is physical.Christopher knows OPM Theory.Christopher handles presenting.OPM consists of OPM Theory.presenting is physical.presenting consumes OPM Theory.presenting yields Presentation.








Majors aspects of any system?

▪ Structure – the static aspect. What the system is made of.

▪ Time-independent

▪ Behavior – the dynamic aspect. How the system changes over time.

▪ Time-dependent

▪ Function – The utilitarian, subjective aspect.

▪Why is the system built?

▪ For whom is the system built?

▪Who benefits from operating the system?

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Only

one

Dia

gra

mT

ype



Structural Links

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StructuralRelational

Aggregation

Exhibition

Specialization

Instantiation



Behaviour (Procedural Links)

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Procedural

Transforming

• Consume

• Create

• Effect

Enabling

• Agent

• Instrument

Control

• Events

• Conditions

• Invocation

• Exceptions





Other Mechanisms

Operators• Multiplicity

• Logical

Complexity

• Zoom-In – Zoom-Out

• Unfolding - Folding

• State expression –suppression

Simulation

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“Models interrelation”



Okay?

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• Missing a System

Engineering Common

Language

• OPM is the solution? IDK

• OPM is as simple as it can

gets (2 things and relations)

• Diagram and Text Relation

• Simulation Ready

• Embedded Methodology



Examples:

Object-Process Methodology and Its Application to the Visual Semantic Web






Examples:

Model-Based Guidelines for User-Centric Satellite Control Software Development






Examples:

Agile Modeling of an Evolving Ballistic Missile Defense System with Object-Process

Methodology






Examples:

Project Management vs. Systems Engineering Management: A Practitioners’ View

on Integrating the Project and Product Domains






Examples:

Conceptual Model-Based Systems Biology: Mapping Knowledge and

Discovering Gaps in the mRNA Transcription Cycle






Examples:

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https://www.researchgate.net/publication/265745813_Visualizing_the_Dynamics_of_Conceptual_Behavior_Models_The_Vivid_OP

M_Scene_Player

../media/Vivid OPM_ ATM System (720p_30fps_H264-152kbit_AAC).mp4



OPM Ecosystem (that I found)

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OPM

Vivid OPM Player

MATLAB

AUTOMATLAB

Java

Use Case

Sequence

State Chart

Class

Deployment

Activity

HTML

Code Generation

Connects with

Model TransformationCode Generation

Document Generation

C++

Targets

*XML

(author)

UML(SysML)

MCCE using OPM

CE

MBSE

MCCE

OPM

MCSE

Tools



Life-Cycle


Figura do autor





briefly ...

31https://www.ucl.ac.uk/syseng/research/defining-systems-engineering

https://www.researchgate.net/publication/3076487_The_Historical_Roots_of_Concurrent_Engineering_Fundamentals

(author)





Concurrent Engineering

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IDM

Faci

lity

Soft

wa

re

Pro

cess

TEAM


Traditional Concurrent Engineering



MCCE architecture

33

(author)(author)



MCCE issues

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Storage:

DBUser Interface:

OPM Designer

Model

Transformation User Interface: Visual

Transformation

Simulability

(author)

Still several gaps to fill

Model

Transformation

Open to new related

subject to fill the gaps

Final Considerations35

IDM

Faci

lity

Soft

wa

re

Pro

cess

TEAM


Faci

lity

MB

SE

Fram

ewo

rk

TEAM


Traditional Concurrent Engineering

Model Based Concurrent Engineering

(author)





Final Considerations

▪ OPM just turned to be a ISO standard. (15-Dec-2015)

▪ Being looked by airspace companies (EMBRAER/BOEING)

▪ Being researched to Concurrent Engineering(Cambridge/INPE)

▪ Knowledge Based Systems

▪ Simpler to implement than any UML/SysML specification.

▪ Has direct compatibility with SysML models (back/forth)

▪ Being considered as a de facto substitute for SysML (if it does not get reformulated)

▪ Dual Channel textual + visual

▪ Extra third Channel simulation (Active Processing)

▪ More understandable than any UML-like visual representation to non-computer specialists.

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For further reading

37

• Object-Process Methodology –

A Holistic System Pardigm, Dov

Dori

• Model-Based Systems

Engineering with OPM and

SysML

ISO/PAS 1950

All the free content at: http://esml.iem.technion.ac.il/



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[email protected]

http://cscerqueira.com.br

Thank you!

Questions?


• Prof. Ph.D. Ana Ambrosio - [email protected]

• Prof. Ph.D. Claudio Kirner - [email protected]

• Para maiores dúvidas filosóficas:

Prédio Satélite - Sala 95

• Ramal: 7321

MCCE Issues beingtackled

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Storage: Database – using graph approach

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Graphs

OPM

Neo4J

Mental Graphs

Parameter

Relationship

Relational DB vs.

Graph DB

[ECSS-E-TM-10-23]

[7]

(author)



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Model Transformation

further collaboration with the Università degli Studi di Firenze

Leonardo Montecchi

(author)• to other tools

• perform analysis (fault-trees, model-checking, etc.)

http://www.unifi.it/



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Template or

meta-model

Model

Project

X

(author)

(author)

Model Transformation - OPM<<Template>> vs. Model



User Interface: OPM Designer

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• Model-centric model-based user-interface tool

“works into models”

• Diagramatic

• Runs transformations using plain Java (further collaboration)

• OPM Editor - Web/Local based in JavaScript

• OPCat is a Prof. Dori (nowadays only) available free option.

• Document-centric model-based user-interface tool

“works directly into the final document”

• Textual/Parametric

• Web/Local based[7]

(author)



User Interface: Visual Transformation

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OPM Editor

Visu

al Transfo

rmatio

ns (m

ost cited

in 1

70

pap

ers review

)

Function Allocation

Battery

Solar Array

Power Controller

OnBoard Computer

TT&C

Bat

tery

Sola

r A

rray

Po

wer

C

on

tro

ller

On

Bo

ard

C

om

pu

ter

TT&

C

1

2

3

6

7

4 5

DSM

InterfacesPower Supply

OnBoard Computer

TT&C

Sun

Power Supply

OnBoard Computer

TT&C

Sun

Disc

NanoSat X

Power Supply

BatterySolar ArrayPower

Controller

OnBoard Computer

TT&C

Trees

OPM

Transformation on the same software.

Year # works # cite

UI

# exclusive

about UI

2010 48 28 3

2012 56 24 4

2014 66 29 5

Total 170 81 12

(author)

SECESA

the most cited visual representations:

• Trees,

• Tables,

• Discs,

• Block,

• FSM,

• DSM,

• Interfaces,

• 3D,

• Etc..

now

now

OPM Editor





Simulation

▪ OPM is simulation ready

▪ Event-based simulation

▪ Main simulation activitiesare:

▪ (i) enable processes,

▪ (ii) transform objects, and

▪ (iii) change object states.

▪ Figure with the OPCatSimulation Controls

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(author)

[Dori] Object-ProcessTheorem

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[Dori] Object-Process Theorem

Objects with states, processesand their relations among them

constitute a necessary andsufficient universal ontology to

describe a system.








[Dori] Fundamental Questions:

1. What is needed to describe the universe?

▪“Things” and their “relations”

2. What can those things do?

▪Things can exist or happen.

3. What are the things that exist in the world?

▪Objets exist – statics (time-independent).

4. What are the things that happen in the world?

▪Processes happen – are dynamics (time-dependent).









5. How do objects and processes relate?

▪Processes happen to objects. While happening,

▪Processes transform objets.

7. Transform?? what does that mean?

▪Create

▪Destroy

▪Affect

an object









8. Affecting? What does that mean?

▪A process affects an object by changing its state. Hence, objects must have states.

9. What are the two major aspects of anysystem?

▪ Structure: static aspect – what the system is made of?

▪ Behaviour: dynamic aspect - how the system changes over time?

10. Which third aspect is specific to man-

made systems?▪ Function: the utilitarian, subjective aspect. Why? for whom? Who benefits?




[HICEE] OPM Review

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