Identificação por RFID - Universidade de Aveiro
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19-10-2010 1 Identificação por RFID Nuno Borges Carvalho André Zuquete [email protected] [email protected] Objectivos RFID (Radio Frequency IDentification) • Princípios de radiocomunicações dos RFID, • Protocolos de interacção com os RFID • Sistemas de exploração usando RFID
Transcript of Identificação por RFID - Universidade de Aveiro
19-10-2010
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Identificação por RFID
Nuno Borges Carvalho
André Zuquete
Objectivos
RFID (Radio Frequency IDentification)
• Princípios de radiocomunicações dos RFID,
• Protocolos de interacção com os RFID
• Sistemas de exploração usando RFID
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Programa
1a Parte: Introdução • Conceitos gerais, terminologia • Evolução histórica dos RFID • Exemplos de utilização prática dos marcadores RFID • Problemas práticos existentes (custo, detecção, privacidade,
etc.) • Padrões existentes (ISO 14443, ISO 15693, ISO 14223, etc.) • Frequências de trabalho licenciadas • Arquitectura de exploração de RFID • Middleware para RFID
Programa
2a Parte: Comunicação por radiofrequência com os RFID
• Conceitos gerais de comunicações rádio • Principais componentes de rádio comunicações • Conceitos básicos de propagação • Conceitos de RFID passivos e activos • RFID por acoplamento magnético • RFID por transmissão RF • Futuro da tecnologia RFID • Não idealidades e potenciais problemas devido à massificação
da tecnologia
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Programa
3a Parte: Protocolos de interacção com os RFID
• Conceitos gerais, terminologia • Armazenamento de dados nos marcadores • Algoritmos de singularização e anti-colisão • Protocolos de interacção entre marcadores e leitores • Funcionalidades relativas a segurança e privacidade
Programa
4a Parte: Sistemas de exploração • Casos práticos de uso • Palestras da Indústria Portuguesa • Exemplos reais
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Programa
Componente Prática 1. Utilização de kits de RFID, tanto passivos como activos. 2. Implementação de sistemas de RFID, por exemplo:
o Teste e Validação de um sistema RFID passivo para controlo de acessos o Teste e Validação de um sistema RFID activo para identificação em
armazéns o Controlo de fluxos de bens em ambientes domésticos. o Teste da robustez do funcionamento de RFID’s em condições não ideais
Avaliação
• Componente prática (projecto/apresentação, 50% da nota final). • Componente teórica (exame final, 50% da nota final)
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Bibliografia
RFID Sourcebook. Sandip Lahiri. IBM Press, 2005. ISBN-10: 0131851373, ISBN-13: 978-0131851375 RFID Essentials (Theory in Practice). Bill Glover, Himanshu
Bhatt. O'Reilly Media, Inc., 2006. ISBN-10: 0596009445, ISBN-13: 978-0596009441
History – The information age
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Today’s Internet is usually a mean to
connect people using a computer terminal….
History – The information age
Future Internet or Internet of things is expected
to allow communications among everything ….
History – The information age
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From a market point of view, it is expected that
the internet of things will grow significantly in
the next few years….
History – The information age
2 bio
6.5 bio
10000 bio
1 bio
From a market point of view, it is
expected that the internet of things
will grow significantly in the next
few years….
History – The information age
Total number of locations with RFID readers
453,000
144,000
30,7102,750
0
100,000
200,000
300,000
400,000
500,000
2007 2012 2017 2022
Total number of RFID readers deployed
6,268,500
1,161,800176,280
7,6300
1,000,000
2,000,000
3,000,000
4,000,000
5,000,000
6,000,000
7,000,000
2007 2012 2017 2022
Source - www.bridge-project.eu
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RFID is actually a way to identify
things and in the future to sense
data using Radio Frequency ….
History – The information age
RFID Applications are huge, and only now we start to give the first steps in this
direction ….
History – The information age
Search & Find Trust Linking Information
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RFID in medical applications ….
History – The information age
RFID in sports ….
History – The information age
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RFID in our daylife ….
History – The information age
RFID in the kitchen ….
History – The information age
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RFID in transports….
History – The information age
Examples – Norwegian company
– Meat manufacturer
– Employs 6.800 people
– Annual sales €2 billion
– Organized as a cooperative owned by
approximately 30,300 farmers
– 41 municipalities in 18 counties
Problem: Today nobody knows where, which and how many
Returnable Transport Items (RTI) are spead along
the supply chain
Source: Nortura
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– Benefits
• Automatical RTI lifecycle control
• Documentation of RTI lifecycle (cold, freezing cold, washing, etc)
• Real time inventory
• Prediction of RTI need
– Process management project
• RFID tag inside 80000 crates with GRAI
• 73 RFID readers
• Employee ID coupled with GS1 GRAI
• Each person gets performance feedback
– ROI: 3 months
Source: Nortura
Examples
– Portuguese company
– Bookstore
– 50,000-square-foot store
– Receiving more than
200,000 products per week
Source: Byblos
Problem: Problems for localising products
resulting in high costs of inventory and
poor customer service
Examples
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• Solution
– 250,000 books, games and
videos tagged
– 40 RFID-enabled kiosks
– 13 incorporates RFID security
gates
– 14 RFID point-of-sale (POS)
reading stations
– 10 RFID Handhelds
Source: Byblos
Examples
• Benefit
– 30% less stock
– Possibility to handle more
customer at POS
– Faster localisation of items
– Faster reposition and re-
ordering of sold items
– Possibility of daily and full
inventory
Source: Byblos
Examples
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– German SME company
– A leading children’s
wear manufacturer
– Founded in 1959
– Employs around 50 people
– Produces over 1 million garments
per year
Problem: Poor stock turn over
Source: Lemmi
Examples
• Solution
– 100 % of merchandise is tagged
– Integrated Solution: RFID fully integrated into ERP
• Benefits
– Increase efficiency on all steps of SC
– Increase quality of deliveries from production to customers
– Precise information on goods in transit
– Strengthen relationships with customers
– Easy to use for all employees
Source: Lemmi
Examples
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• Payback
– Stock turnover before tagging:
5,000 to 10,000 items per day
– Stock turnover after tagging:
20,000 items per day
– Increase of 250%-300% in
receipt and shipment of goods
Source: Lemmi
Examples
• Austrian company
• Orthopädisches Spital Speising
is part of Vinzenz groupe
• Total number of beds: 2221
• Hospital patients per year: 112359
• Workers in the hospitals: 4535
Introduction of RFID in instrument
cycle of a hospital
Examples
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Benefits
• Detection of specific medical equipment and inventory
within the hospital
• Better process transparency
• Automated documentation
• Simplification of logistics operations
• Automation of ordering
• Quality improvement in the process chain
• Risk reduction in the area of application
• Reduce storage costs
• Increase the cost-efficiency
• Patient safety
Examples
• World's largest food company:
• 2007 sales – $98 billion
• 130 operating Markets
• 450+ factories in 87 countries
• 250,000 employees
• 130+ main brands
Examples
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Main brands adopting RFID …
History – The information age
The risks of RFID….
History – The information age
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Security and Identity Ownership …
History – The information age
History – The information age
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The principle of RFID …
History – The information age
Reader
module
Antenna Tag Host
The principle of RFID …
History – The information age
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History – The information age
VIDEO
