Leitura: Um mundo magico

8/7/2019 Leitura: Um mundo magico

1/41

MHGVLJHJF JF MKLOWOMKH, GKCGKHW F LFZYHW JF OVYO MKCO

LFKZVYH1 VB BVCJO BNKGO

HCH BHYKH WHXVFZZK IFYCHYJKCFLLKJHCKFLH NHZOLKCK JF WOVQHYFCHZH PKCDFKYO JH WKL]H

OVYO MKCO900=


2/41

HCH BHYKH WHXVFZZK IFYCHYJKCFLLKJHCKFLH NHZOLKCK JF WOVQHYFCHZH PKCDFKYO JH WKL]H

LFKZVYH1 VB BVCJO BNKGO

Zyhihldo jf Gocglvwo jf Gvywo hpyfwfczhjo co Gvywo jfLfzyhw gobo yfxvkwkzo phyh h wvh gocglvwo#Lfzyhw1 Hch Bhykh Whxvfzzk Ifychyjkcfllk, Jhckflh Nhzolkckjf Wovqh f Yfchzh Pkcdfkyo jh Wkl}h#

Oykfczhjoy1 Pyom#" Bhykh Yvzd jf Ghy}hldo

OVYO MKCO900=


3/41


4/41

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Ifychyjkcfllk, Jhckflh Nhzolkck jf Wovqh f Yfchzh Pkcdfkyo jh Wkl}h, hpyfwfczhyhb o Zyhihldo jf

Gocglvwo jf Gvywo kczkzvlhjo LFKZVYH1 VB BVCJO BNKGO, phyh hzfcjfy w ftkncgkhw jo

gvywo jf Lfzyhw pfyhczf h ihcgh fthbkchjoyh ch Mhgvljhjf jf Mklowomkh, Gkcgkhw f Lfzyhw jf Ovyo

Mkco, gobpowzh pflow wfnvkczfw bfbiyow1

Pyom# Bhykh Yvzd jf Ghy}hldo " Oykfczhjoyh

Pyom# ____________________________________Pyom# ____________________________________

Jkhczf jkwzo, jfglhyo xvf hw yfmfykjhw hlvchw oizk}fyhb h cozh __________

$_____________________________+ f, zfcjo hpyfwfczhjo fwzf zyhihldo moyhb ______________#

Ovyo Mkco, _____ jf ________________ jf 900=#

_______________________________________________

Pyom# Bhykh Yvzd jf Ghy}hldo Oykfczhjoyh


5/41

JFJKGHZYKHW

H bkcdh mkldh Nkvlkh, xvf bf mfq yfjfwgoiyky h

mflkgkjhjf wkbplfw# Gobphcdfkykcdh gob xvfb

hpyfcjo h ghjh jkh h hbhy h }kjh, pflh phgkcgkh

gob bkcdh hvwcgkh cfb wfbpyf pyffcgdkjh fbwfv bvcjo jf dkwzykhw f mhq"jf"goczh xvhcjo

avwzhbfczf fv pfcwh}h f fwgyf}kh woiyf dkwzoykh,

lfkzvyh f fjvgho# Ho Ahkbf, pflo wknckmkghjo jfwvh pyfwfch fb bkcdh }kjh#

Jhckflh Nhzolkck jf Wovqh


6/41

Ho bfv mkldo Fcqo, xvf wovif fczfcjfy bkcdhw

hvwcgkhw, yfgocdfgfy bfv fwmoyo# Ho bfv bhykjo

Phvlo pflh oykfczho f hpoko# How bfvw phkw xvfmoyhb bkcdh pykbfkyh fwgolh#

Hch Bhykh Whxvfzzk Ifychyjkcfllk


7/41

Hnyhjfo ho bfv bhykjo, Gkjo, xvf wfbpyf hpokov

f gobpyffcjfv hw bkcdhw hvwcgkhw fcxvhczo fv

ivwgh}h yfhlkqhy o wocdo jf bf moybhy# How bfvwphkw, Hczocko f Wckh f how bfvw kybow Ykghyjo f

Bhykhch, xvf wfbpyf moyhb f wo vb hlkgfygf, ocjf

ivwgo zojh h moyh cfgfwwykh phyh zykldhy fwwf

ghbkcdo, pokw wfk xvf flfw fwzo gobkno yfhlkqhcjobhkw fwzf wocdo#

Yfchzh Pkcdfkyo jh Wkl}h


8/41

HNYHJFGKBFCZOW

How cowwow pyomfwwoyfw jo Gvywo jf Lfzyhw xvf, jvyhczf h nyhjvho, zhczo goczykivyhb phyh o

cowwo gyfwgkbfczo kczflfgzvhl f pfwwohl#H Yvzd, cowwh oykfczhjoyh gob vbh wkcnvlhykjhjf xvf ldf pypykh kcwpkyov"cow h ivwgh f

yfhlkqho jfwzf zyhihldo " cowwh hjbkyho#

Hw cowwhw mhblkhw, pflo hpoko, wvnfwzfw f kcgfczk}o#

Ho zyko jf hbknhw $Hch, Jhckflh f Yfchzh+ pflh ghbkcdhjh avczhw, pflo hpoko f pflhw jkwgvwwfw

gykzkghw xvf, fb bvkzo, fcykxvfgfyhb h yfhlkqho jfwzf zyhihldo#


9/41

FPNYHMF

Fcwkchy co vbh mvco }kzhl, poyxvf co zfb o mkb fb wkbfwbh5 h mvco }kzhl hpyfcjfy#

$Hykwzzflfw+

WVBYKO


10/41

ZOG \O )8"6) \D \Q \V D[PFYLKCE \L )_ZOG8697779;>) KCZYOJVO

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D[PFYLKCE \L )_ZOG86977770:) 9#8 H Moybho jo Pyomfwwoy Lfkzoy PHNFYFM_ZOG86977770: \D 8;D[PFYLKCE \L )_ZOG869777706) 9#9 O Hzo jf Lfy F}olvk Hzyh}w jo Pyomfwwoy PHNFYFM_ZOG869777706 \D 90D[PFYLKCE \L )_ZOG86977770=) 9#7 Pyogfwwo jf Fcwkco jh Lfkzvyh PHNFYFM_ZOG86977770= \D 98D[PFYLKCE \L )_ZOG86977770>) 9#: Jfgkmyhcjo h Lfkzvyh PHNFYFM _ZOG86977770> \D97D[PFYLKCE \L )_ZOG869777704) 9#6 H Kczfyjkwgkplkchykjhjf jh Lfkzvyh PHNFYFM_ZOG869777704 \D 9:D[PFYLKCE \L )_ZOG86977770;) Ghpzvlo KKK " Wvnfwzfw f hzk}kjhjfw phyh o jfwfc}ol}kbfczo

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D[PFYLKCE \L )_ZOG869777786) 7#7 Gobo o pyomfwwoy pojf jfwfc}ol}fy o dikzo jh lfkzvyh fbwfvw hlvcow PHNFYFM _ZOG869777786 \D 70D[PFYLKCE \L )_ZOG86977778=)7#7#8 Oynhckqf vb jkh jf lfkzvyh fb wvh fwgolh PHNFYFM _ZOG86977778= \D 78D[PFYLKCE \L )_ZOG86977778>)7#7#9 Bowzyf how hlvcow gobo wo hbplhw hwpowwkiklkjhjfw jf gykho lkzfyykh PHNFYFM _ZOG86977778> \D 78D[PFYLKCE \L )_ZOG869777784)7#7#7 Pyoafzow f hzk}kjhjfw jf lfkzvyh poy pyhqfy jf}fb1 PHNFYFM _ZOG869777784 \D 79D[PFYLKCE \L )_ZOG86977778;) GHPZVLO K] " GOCWKJFYHFW MKCHKW PHNFYFM


11/41

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12/41

KCZYOJVO

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f h moybho jf pyomfwwoyfw, ivwghcjo gobpyffcjfy co w ow mhzoyfw xvf zb goczykivjo phyh h

jfwbozk}ho jow hlvcow xvhczo lfkzvyh, gobo zhbib }fykmkghy hw powwkiklkjhjfw jh fwgolh nhyhczky h

zojow, kcjkwzkczhbfczf, o jkyfkzo jf wf zoychyfb lfkzoyfw f fwgykzoyfw gob wvgfwwo#

H yfmlfto zfykgh goczkjh co zyhihldo, co hpfchw myvzo jf fwzvjow hghjbkgow, yfwvlzhjo jf

vbh hzkzvjf yfmlftk}h woiyf vbh pyzkgh jf kcgfczk}o lfkzvyh fczfcjkjh fb wvh chzvyfqh kczfyhgkochl

f gonckzk}h vb lfkzoy gyzkgo f fglzkgo zoych"wf gkjhjo f, poy vbh zkgh wolkjykh, zoych"wf nvhyjko

jh gkjhjhckh jow ovzyow#Gob fwzf zyhihldo pyfzfcjf"wf bowzyhy xvf h lfkzvyh pyobo}f fxvkliyko, yhqo f wfcwkiklkjhjf

xvf gocwzkzvfb o wfy dvbhco, f xvf dhybockghbfczf, jf}fb coyzfhy hw wvhw hfw# Phyh zhczo

ihwfhbo"cow fb pfwxvkwhw ikilkonymkghw#

Co pykbfkyo ghpzvlo mfq"wf vb iyf}f fwzvjo jh dkwzykh jh lfkzvyh, h }kcjh jh mhblkh yfhl phyh

o Iyhwkl f h bvjhch jh Yfhl Ikilkozfgh jh Havjh jf Lkwioh phyh o Yko jf Ahcfkyo, mhzo fwzf bhyghczf

phyh h moybho jh lfkzvyh co kcjk}kjvo jfczyo jf vbh pfywpfgzk}h wogkhl, ivwghcjo hwwkb o

fczfcjkbfczo jo bvcjo hzyh}w jh lfkzvyh#

Zfcjo fb }kwzh o dkwzykgo fwzvjhjo co pykbfkyo ghpzvlo, mhq"wf cfgfwwyko vbh hclkwf jh

moybho jo pyomfwwoy lfkzoy, wvh pyzkgh f f}olvo co kcgfczk}o lfkzvyh, lf}hcjo fb goczh xvf fwzh

jf}f wfy zyhzhjh jf bhcfkyh kczfyjkwgkplkchy#

Kjkhw, wvnfwzfw f hzk}kjhjfw phyh o jfwfc}ol}kbfczo jh lfkzvyh wfyo hpyfwfczhjhw co ghpzvlo

zyw, gvao fcmoxvf bowzyhy h kbpoyzcgkh jh ikilkozfgh, hw kczfyhfw hzyh}w jh lfkzvyh f o phpfl xvf o

pyomfwwoy jfwfbpfcdh gobo bozk}hjoy jo dikzo jf lfy#


13/41

GHPZVLO K LFKZVYH1 VB BVCJO BNKGO

H Dkwzykh jh Lfkzvyh co Iyhwkl

H dkwzykh jh lfkzvyh co Iyhwkl gdfkh jf jkmkgvljhjfw, bhyghjh pflo zkpo jf golockqho xvf

hxvk wf jfwfc}ol}fv# Fb gobphyho gob phwfw jo Pykbfkyo Bvcjo, wobow f wfbpyf mobow vb

phw jf povgow lk}yow f povgow lfkzoyfw#

Hz o kckgko jo wgvlo TKT, Poyzvnhl pyokikv h ftkwzcgkh jf kbpyfcwh f jf zkponyhmkhw ch

golckh# Zojo o bhzfykhl kbpyfwwo }kcdh jf Lkwioh xvf hczfw jf wfy pvilkghjo, fyh wvibfzkjo hgfcwoyfw xvf pyokikhb ow bhzfykhkw gocwkjfyhjow wvi}fywk}ow# W h phyzky jh bvcjhch jh mhblkh

yfhl poyzvnvfwh phyh o Yko jf Ahcfkyo, fb 8404, xvf wvynkyhb ow pykbfkyow lk}yow kbpyfwwow co Iyhwkl,

}kcjow gob h zyhcwmfycgkh jh Ikilkozfgh jh Havjh jf Lkwioh# H pyfogvpho jf zyhq"lh ho Iyhwkl

yflhgkoch}h"wf gob o pyopwkzo jf moybhy vb hbikfczf Fvyopfv cow zypkgow# Fwzh kcwzkzvko

gocmknvyh}h"wf fcxvhczo vb fwpho jf gocwfy}ho jh bfbykh fwgykzh, jo bfwbo bojo, mvcgkoch}h

gobo vb flfbfczo moybhjoy jh kjfczkjhjf gvlzvyhl jo yfkco poyzvnvw# Hwwkb, h wvh zyhcwmfycgkh

zoych}h"wf pfyzkcfczf w co}hw kcwzhlhfw jh golckh poyzvnvfwh#

H fmfzk}h hifyzvyh jh Yfhl Ikilkozfgh ho pilkgo ogoyyfv fb 848:5 fbioyh jfwjf 8488 ow lk}yow

xvf }kcdhb wfcjo oynhckqhjow a fwzk}fwwfb jkwpoc}fkw ho pvilkgo, hpfwhy jf o hgfwwo ho hgfy}o wfy

hkcjh yfwzykzo, pfybkzkcjo"wf h yfzkyhjh jf lk}yow wobfczf h fwzvjkowow gob lkgfch ynkh# Hkcjh }lkjo

jfwzhghy xvf co ftkwzf pfwxvkwh h gfygh jfwzh ikilkozfgh woi h pfywpfgzk}h jow lfkzoyfw f jhw lfkzvyhw poy

flfw yfhlkqhjhw#

H phyzky jo mkchl jo wgvlo TKKK o Mfvjhlkwbo }hk wf zyhcwmoybhcjo f lfy co bhkw vbpyk}klnko jf glykgow, coiyfw f vck}fywkzykow# Vbh co}h glhwwf, ivynvfwh, gobfh wf jflkcfhybowzyhcjo, fczyf wvhw ftpfgzhzk}hw, o jfwfao hwgfcjf hz o zfwovyo gvlzvyhl jow lk}yow# Gykh"wfvb co}o pvilkgo xvf pyogvyh co w lk}yow jf vwo fwgolhy ov jf fwpfgkhlkjhjfw pyomkwwkochkw,bhw zhbib lkzfyykow# Jkhczf jh jfbhcjh, ovzyow ghbkcdow wf mhqfb cfgfwwykow# pyfgkwofcgoczyhy vb co}o wvpoyzf phyh fwgyf}fy ow zftzow, bhw ihyhzo xvf o pfynhbkcdo# Ho bfwbozfbpo, h cfgfwwkjhjf jf yfpyojvo fb bhkoy xvhczkjhjf fwzkbvlh pfwxvkwh xvf wf kckgkhb,}olzhjhw phyh pyogfwwow jf yfpyojvo co"bhcvhl# $BFWWFYHCK, 8;;6, p# 76+


14/41

Jvyhczf hcow, h fwgolh iyhwklfkyh co yfgfifv ow mkldow jhw glhwwfw bhkw popvlhyfw, co fwzf}f

kczfyfwwhjh cfb pyfphyhjh phyh hgold"low# Fwwh wkzvho wf pyolocnov hz 8;60#

Fwwfw mhzoyfw ftplkghb poyxvf o iyhwklfkyo co zfb o dikzo jf lfy # F nfyhb vbh wvgfwwo jf

pyoilfbhw kczfylknhjow# D povgow lfkzoyfw, poyzhczo, povgow gobpyhjoyfw, o xvf fcghyfgf ow lk}yow,

jfwfwzkbvlhcjo h gobpyh# Gobo co zfb goczhzo gob bvkzow lk}yow, o lfkzoy povgo ftknfczf fb

yflho ho xvf ow fjkzoyfw lhchb co bfyghjo#

O nymkgo fb hcfto bowzyh gobo hw gkjhjfw iyhwklfkyhw wo ghyfczfw jf lk}yhykhw f ikilkozfghw

pilkghw#

Bhw, cfwwf gfcyko jf jkmkgvljhjf, jfwzhghb"wf hfw f bo}kbfczow fb pyol jh lfkzvyh# Ho

locno jf cowwh dkwzoykh, pyomfwwoyfw f pyomfwwoyhw hpoczhb hw ghvwhw jh kcwvmkgkcgkh jf lfkzvyh f jf

fwgykzh, pyopfb hlzfychzk}hw#

H Kbpoyzcgkh jh Lfkzvyh Phyh Moybho jo Kcjk}kjvo

H yfmlfto woiyf h kbpoyzcgkh jh lfkzvyh phyh moybho jo kcjk}jvo jf wvbh kbpoyzcgkh cow

jkhw jf doaf# Cfwzh yfmlfto pykboyjkhl hchlkwhy ow mhzoyfw xvf kbpfjfb hpyfwfczhy ghbkcdow jf

yfco}ho f xvhlkmkgho# H lfkzvyh wfbpyf zf}f vb phpfl wogkhl jf nyhcjf kczfymfycgkh ch wogkfjhjf,

gobo pfwxvkwh fjvghgkochl f h f}olvo jh lfkzvyh ch wogkfjhjf jkhczf jow pyoilfbhw wogkhkw, polzkgow

f fgocbkgow# H lfkzvyh zfb poy mkchlkjhjf lf}hy ovzyow bvcjow poww}fkw ho lfkzoy, wfah h lkzfyhzvyh ov

hw yf}kwzhw f lk}yow# Pojf cow fczyfzfy ho bfwbo zfbpo fb xvf mh}oyfgf h yfmlfto woiyf h yfhlkjhjf ov

h mvnh jf jkmkgvljhjf xvf fcmyfczhbow fb cowwo gozkjkhco# Hlb jkwwo, jfwpfyzh wocdow, gvykowkjhjfw f

hzk}h h gykhzk}kjhjf#

]kwzh gobo vb kcwzyvbfczo jf pojfy, h lfkzvyh }fb hzyh}w jow zfbpow hwwvbkcjo wfv phpfl ch

wogkfjhjf, xvf o jf goczykivky gobo jfgojkmkghjoyh jf wkncow, fbioyh } hlb jfwzf c}fl# MYFKYF

$8;47+ gobfczh xvf )ow wkncow wo ow pypykow mhzow, hgoczfgkbfczow, wkzvhfw yfhkw ov kbhnkcykhw fb

xvf ow wocw, phkwhnfcw, kbhnfcw zfcjfb h bfldoyhy h yflho dobfb " bfko bvcjo#)

H kbpoyzcgkh jf zyhihldhy cfwzh kc}fwzknho poy gyfy xvf o dikzo jf lfy ftfygf vbh nyhcjf


15/41

moyh cvb goczftzo wogkhl, polzkgo, fgocbkgo f gvlzvyhl, vbh co}h pfywpfgzk}h jf }kjh f }kwo jf

bvcjo# Golhioyhcjo gob fwwf fczfcjkbfczo,

ELFKBHC $8;4;+1)hioyjh h lfkzvyh jf bvcjo hzyh}w jh hzvho jo gocdfgkbfczo py}ko,

fwwfcgkhl gobpyffcwo, pokw o gocdfgkbfczo xvf o lfkzoy zfb woiyf o hwwvczo, bvcjo, xvf ldf

pfybkzf mhqfy hw kcmfycgkhw cfgfwwykhw phyh yflhgkochy phyzfw jf vb zftzo cvb zojo gofyfczf#)

H yfhlkjhjf fwz h phyh bowzyhy h pyoilfbzkgh ftkwzfczf ch wogkfjhjf xvhcjo PKCDFKYO

$8;44+ hmkybh xvf )o jfwkczfyfwwf pflh lfkzvyh vb nyh}f pyoilfbh, pokw h mhlzh jf kcmoybho lf}h

pyfnvkh bfczhl f gocjvq h dvbhckjhjf ho ghow wogkhl f gvlzvyhl5 kcmflkqbfczf, cow bfkow hghjbkgow

zhbib#) Oyh, wf o goczkcnfczf vck}fywkzyko hpyfwfczh wykow pyoilfbhw co xvf jkq yfwpfkzo lfkzvyh,

lkcnvhnfb, fzg#, wfcjo flf gocwkjfyhjo phyzf jh flkzf pfcwhczf jo phw, kwwo chjh bhkw jo xvf o yfmlfto

jf vbh oynhckqho jfwfwzyvzvyhjh fb zfybow jf moybho jf mvzvyow lfkzoyfw f kcgfczk}hjoyfw jhlfkzvyh#

H lfkzvyh, zobhjh gobo pyoilfbh wogkhl wf yflhgkochjh gob )bhvw) lfkzoyfw, yhyhbfczf }kwzh

gobo lfkzvyh jf pyhqfy# F}kjfczfbfczf, hlnvbhw pfynvczhw wvynfb1 pyfgkwo lfy? Poy xvf? Phyh xvf?

Bvkzhw yfwpowzhw ftkwzfb, gobo poy ftfbplo1 " phyh fwzvjhy5 " phyh kcwzyvky " wf5 phyh wfy hlnvb ch

}kjh, fcmkb, vbh wykf jf yfwpowzhw xvf zb gobo gocwfxcgkh ho# Ho fwzh,

xvf pyopoygkocf }hczhnfcw, co vbh ho xvf yfwvlzf fb pyhqfy5 vbh lfkzvyh gobphyhjh hlkbfczho

xvf cw whioyfhbow gocmoybf cowwh mobf f cowwh jkwpowko bobfczcfh, fb xvf cw fcnolkbow,

jf}oyhbow, bhwzknhbow5 )lfy phwzhy) , gocmoybf IHYZDFW $8;>:+#

Co jf}f"wf obkzky, xvhczo hmkybho jf xvf hw jkmfyfchw jf c}fl fgocbkgo hghyyfzhb,

nfyhlbfczf, jkmfyfchw jf powwkiklkjhjfw fjvghzk}hw# Cfwwf wfczkjo, h ho jh lfkzvyh jf pyhqfy zhbib

hmfzhjh poy fwwh jkmfyfch, pokw o hgfwwo h kcwzyvbfczow gvlzvyhkw f o zfbpo jf lhqfy co wo

fwzkbvlhjow cfb fczfcjkjow gobo lhqfy, doii{, fzg#, ov wkbplfwbfczf kncoyhjow gobo jkyfkzo ov gobo

cfgfwwkjhjf#

H lfkzvyh hbplkh ow gocdfgkbfczow jo wfy dvbhco# hzyh}w jflh ov bfwbo pflo dikzo jf lfy

xvf o kcjk}jvo dhiklkzh"wf h ftfygfy ow gocdfgkbfczow gvlzvyhlbfczf gocwzyvjow f jfwwh moybh fwghlh

gob bhkoy mhgklkjhjf ow co}ow jfnyhvw jo fcwkco, f fb gocwfxcgkh hzkcnf zhbib wvh yfhlkqho

pyomkwwkochl#

O hzo jf lfy mvco pykboyjkhl jh fwgolh, f fwzh xvf powwkiklkzh o fjvghcjo h lfy o bvcjo, jf


16/41

gocwzyvky h wvh pypykh dkwzykh# Oiwfy}h"wf vbh yfhlkjhjf h xvhl co ftkwzf ovzyo ghbkcdo wfco

kc}fwzky ch fjvgho phyh zojow wfb jkwgykbkcho, d cfgfwwkjhjf jf xvf wf vlzyhphwwf h fwzyvzvyh

fjvghgkochl hzvhl# Phyh Yfnkch Qkifybhc1 Fwgolh, ch bfjkjh bfwbh fb xvf zyhihldh gob kcjk}jvow

jkmfyfczfw, gob }hloyfw, gyfchw, dikzow lkcnwzkgow f gobpoyzhbfczhkw jkmfyfczfw, zhbib vb

ghbpo jf ihzhldh lvzh jf kjkhw f jf lkcnvhnfcw, gobo ftpyfwwo jh lvzh jf glhwwfw#

Gologhjh gobo ihwf jh fjvgho, h lfkzvyh hwwvbf wfv phpfl polzkgo jfbogyzkgo ov co,

jfpfcjfcjo jo nyvpo wogkhl h xvf fwz wvibfzkjh# Poyzhczo wf h fwgolh pyfzfcjf phyzkgkphy co pyogfwwo

jfbogyzkgo jo phw jf}f fwzkbvlhy h lfkzvyh chw wykfw kckgkhkw, phyzkcjo fb pykbfkyo lvnhy jf vbh

bfzojolonkh jf fcwkco jh lfkzvyh xvf mobfczf ho fjvghcjo o pyhqfy jf lfy, jfwfc}ol}fcjo o wfcwo

gyzkgo jkhczf jo xvf mok lkjo, yflhgkochcjo gob h yfhlkjhjf# Phvlo Myfkyf fcmhzkqh1 )H lfkzvyh jo bvcjo

pyfgfjf wfbpyf h lfkzvyh jh phlh}yh f h lfkzvyh jfwzh kbplkgh h goczkcvkjhjf jh lfkzvyh jhxvflf xvf o mhq#Jf hlnvbh bhcfkyh, poyb, jf}f"wf ky bhkw locnf f jkqfy xvf h lfkzvyh jh phlh}yh co hpfchw

pyfgfjkjh pflh lfkzvyh jo bvcjo, bhw poy vbh gfyzh moybh jf )fwgyf}"lo) ov jf )yffwgyf}"lo), xvfy

jkqfy, jf zyhcwmoyb"lo hzyh}w jf cowwh pyzkgh gocwgkfczf#)

H lfkzvyh gocwzkzvk"wf cvb kcwzyvbfczo jf pyojvo f yfpyojvo# fwzh vb ifb gvlzvyhl ocjf

o wfy dvbhco wf gocwzyk gobo wvafkzo jf wvh pypykh dkwzykh, kczfyhnkcjo co wfv bvcjo ov ch

wogkfjhjf fb xvf }k}f# Hwwkb h lfkzvyh pyopkgkhy h bvjhch hlbfahjh pflh wogkfjhjf, poyxvf pyk}hy"

wf" jf wfvw oiwzgvlow xvf kbpfjfb h popvlhykqho jo lk}yo#Pojf"wf yfgocdfgfy xvf h lkzfyhzvyh

vb }lkjo f pyfgkowo yfgvywo phyh jfwfc}ol}fy ch fwgolh h jfbogyhgkh, fwzh cfgfwwkzh fbpfcdhy"wf phyh

xvf h lkzfyhzvyh mhh phyzf fmfzk}h fb whlh jf hvlh# Flh jfwfc}ol}f o yfwpfkzo, hzkzvjfw jf wolkjhykfjhjf,

wfczkbfczow jf }hloykqho jow lhow mhbklkhyfw, f hvtklkhb o hlvco h whzkwmhqfy wvhw cfgfwwkjhjfw jf

wfnvyhch, jf chzvyfqh fbogkochl, fwpkykzvhl f kczflfgzvhl# Hzyh}w jhw dkwzykhw, chw bhkw }hykhjhw

wkzvhfw yfwol}fb wfvw pyoilfbhw, kcglvwk}f gobo lvzhyhb phyh wvpfyhy pfyknow f hbfhhw# Flhw

jfwfc}ol}fb o wfcwo gyzkgo, o wfcwo jo dvboy f hbplkhb ow gocdfgkbfczow, mh}oyfgfcjo hw yflhfw f

h }kjh fb wogkfjhjf#

H pyfogvpho xvhczo moybho fwzzkgh jf}f fwzhy pyfwfczf jfwjf o pykbfkyo jkh jf hvlh f

hgobphcdhy zojo jfwfc}ol}kbfczo jhw hpzkjfw xvfy lkcnwzkghw ov pyopykhbfczf lkzfyykhw# )O

ghbkcdo jh hyzf co vb phwwfko jobkcnvfkyo xvf lf}h ow hlvcow hz vb moybowo phyxvf, bhw, wkb,

vbh pfyfnykcho jf zojow ow jkhw)#


17/41

H ghphgkjhjf jf pfygfify o iflo, hbhy o iflo zfb jf wfy hjxvkykjh ch goc}k}cgkh gob o iflo#

Jh, gocglv"wf pflh cfgfwwkjhjf jf jhy ho hlvco bvkzh lkzfyhzvyh yflhgkochjh# Xvfb wf dhikzvh gob hw

iohw lfkzvyhw co hgfkzh lk}yow jf zyhihldo bhl hghihjo, whif poy jf lhjo o aoko# H oykfczho, jvyhczf o

pfyojo fwgolhy, ch fwgoldh jf iocw lk}yow, pyfwfy}h o hlvco ch wvh kczfnykjhjf fwzzkgh f zkgh#

Gocwzhzh"wf doaf, jkhczf jhw pyoilfbzkghw wogkhkw, fgocbkghw f polzkghw, vb }fyjhjfkyo jvflo

flkzf/bhwwh, ov wfah, opyfwwoy/opykbkjo# Xvhcjo wf hpoczh h mhlzh jf kcgfczk}o, h fwghwwfq co hpoko f h

yhykjhjf jo dikzo jh lfkzvyh wo poyxvf, jfzyw jf vbh )polzkgh gholdh), ftkwzf vbh polzkgh xvf

)jobfwzkgh) f jkmkgvlzh ow dobfcw xvhczo ho ftfyggko jh gocwgkcgkh f jh yhqo#

poww}fl xvf hfw kwolhjhw powwhb jhy yfwvlzhjow fb gvyzo pyhqo, bhw wfvw yfwvlzhjow co

wfyo wvmkgkfczfw, pokw zfy bhkw ikilkozfghw, bhkw lk}yow f zfgcolonkhw jf poczh phyh oynhckqho jf

jogvbfczow fb jk}fywhw kcwzkzvkfw, co o wvmkgkfczf, fbioyh wfah mvcjhbfczhl phyhjfwfc}ol}kbfczo gvlzvyhl jo phw# Bhw, o mvcjhbfczhl bfwbo wfy mhqfy gob xvf h popvlho lfkh

bhkw, f mhh jh lfkzvyh vb kcwzyvbfczo phyh xvf ghjh kcjk}jvo fbpyffcjh h gocxvkwzh jh gkjhjhckh# W

zfyfbow yfwvlzhjow jvyhjovyow xvhcjo h lfkzvyh moy vb dikzo xvf wf yfpyojvqh chzvyhlbfczf# Phyzkcjo

jfwwf pyfwwvpowzo pojf"wf hwwfnvyhy xvf o cowwo hlvco wfczky kczfyfwwf f mkghy bozk}hjo lfkzvyh#

H Lfkzvyh Vbh Pfywpfgzk}h Wogkhl

Hioyjhy o zfbh lfkzvyh, woi o hwpfgzo jf vbh gobpyffcwo gykzkgh jo hzo jf lfy, gocwkwzf fb

vbh zhyfmh xvf fc}ol}f zojo pyogfwwo pflo xvhl jf}fbow gobpyffcjfy xvf o jfwfc}ol}kbfczo jh

kbpoyzcgkh jo hzo jf lfy jf}h wfy vbh pyzkgh pfjhnnkgh# Hioyjhy o zfbh lfkzvyh woiyf o hwpfgzo jf

vbh gobpyffcwo gyzkgh jo hzo jf lfy gocwkwzf1

Mhlhy woiyf fwwf hwwvczo hlno ihwzhczf gobplfto, a xvf h lfkzvyh mvcjhbfczhl ch }kjh jhwpfwwohw, pokw wobfczf hzyh}w jh lfkzvyh xvf cw gocdfgfbow ovzyhw yfhlkjhjfw, ovzyow poczowjf }kwzh f jk}fywkjhjf gvlzvyhl,,hzyh}w jh lfkzvyh xvf }og gykh ovzyow pfcwhbfczow, ov wfah,yfgocwzyk f pyojvq h phyzky jf hlno xvf }og jfv ovzyhw kjkhw# )H lfkzvyh jo bvcjo pyfgfjf hlfkzvyh jh phlh}yh, jh xvf h powzfykoyk lfkzvyh jfwzh co powwh pyfwgkcjky jh goczkcvkjhjf jhlfkzvyh jhxvflf)# $MYFKYF, 8;;>+#


18/41

Fczyfzhczo, h gobpyffcwo jo zftzo }hk jfpfcjfy jo goczftzo fb xvf fwz kcwfykjo o lfkzoy, pokw

h phyzky jh xvf o lfkzoy }hk pojfy moybvlhy wfvw xvfwzkochbfczow f, hmkybhy vbh gocwzyvo jf co}hw

kjkhw ihwfhjhw fb yfhlkjhjf gofyfczf f jf ftpfykcgkhw hjxvkykjhw#

H kbpoyzcgkh jo hzo jf lfy goczykivk phyh h gocwgkfczkqho polzkgh xvf fwz bvkzo lknhjo h

lfkzvyh co w jf )zftzow) fwgykzow, bhw h lfkzvyh jh yfhlkjhjf fb xvf o yojfkh, ov wfah, zvjo xvf mhq

phyzf jh wvh goc}k}cgkh jo wfv jkh h jkh fwz kcwfykjh co goczftzo jh lfkzvyh jfwjf wvh pypykh ghwh, wfv

jfwfc}ol}kbfczo jfwjf h kcmcgkh hz gdfnhy }kjh hjvlzh, yflfbiyhjo bobfczow fwwfcgkhkw jh }kjh jh

kcmcgkh f jh hjolfwgcgkh# Fcxvhczo kwwo co ogoyyf, co bozk}o phyh cw cow wfczkybow

jfwfwzkbvlhjow, poy xvf wf moybow jfwgoiyky hw ghvwhw poy xvf ow hlvcow co nowzhb jf lfy bvkzhw}fqfw fwzfw jfphyhb"wf gob vbh lfkzvyh hlzhbfczf mklowmkgh xvf yfxvfy jf gfyzh moybh vb nyhcjf

fwmoyo phyh xvf o bfwbo powwh gobpyffcjfy hw kjkhw goczkjhw chxvflf zftzo f bhckmfwzhy vb gfyzo

jfwkczfyfwwf#

Bhw o xvf wf pfygfif xvf hzvhlbfczf ftkwzf vb nyhcjf h}hco fb yflho lfkzvyh poy xvf

hczfw ow hlvcow zkcdhb xvf bfboykqhy bfghckghbfczf f co pyogvyhy pyojvqky o co}o h phyzky jo

}fldo, bhw hpyfcjfy h wvh wknckmkgho pyomvcjh, poyxvf bfboykqhy bfghckghbfczf yf}flh vbh }kwo

bnkgh jh phlh}yh fwgykzh# )]kwo xvf vynf wfy wvpfyhjh)# H bfwbh, hkcjh yfpyfwfczh jfwjf ovzyo

cnvlo, xvf wf fcgoczyh, poy ftfbplo, fb xvfb fwgyf}f#

Lfy Zftzow phyh Fczfcjfy o Bvcjo

Wf h gdhbhjh lfkzvyh jo bvcjo wf hpyfcjf poy h, ch zhl fwgolh jh }kjh, h lfkzvyh jf lk}yow ghyfgf

jf hpyfcjkqhjo bhkw yfnvlhy xvf nfyhlbfczf hgoczfgf ch fwgolh#Bhw lfkzvyh, xvfy jo bvcjo, xvfy jf

lk}yow, w wf hpyfcjf f wf }k}fcgkh jf moybh plfch golfzk}hbfczf, fb zyogh goczcvh jf ftpfykcgkhw

gob ow ovzyow# cfwwf kczfyghbiko jf lfkzvyhw xvf wf yfmkchb, yfhavwzhb f yfjkbfcwkochb dkpzfwfw jf

wknckmkghjo hbplkhcjo gocwzhczfbfczf h cowwh gobpyffcwo jow ovzyow, jo bvcjo f jf cw bfwbow#


19/41

Poy kwwo, h fwgolh jkyfkzo jf zojow f jf}fy jo fwzhjo1 vbh fwgolh gobpfzfczf, gobo pyfgkwhb wfy ow

lfkzoyfw xvf flh pyfgkwh moybhy#

Co fczhczo, hpyfcjfy h lfy o bvcjo $hjxvkyky h kczflkncgkh jo bvcjo, chw phlh}yhw jf Phvlo

Myfkyf+ wknckmkgh gocdfgfy fwzfw }hloyfw f fwzhw kjkhw# Wknckmkgh, zhbib, pfcwhy woiyf flfw,

jfwfc}ol}fcjo vbh powko gyzkgh f pypykh#

Hpyfcjf"wf h lfy h yfhlkjhjf fb vb gozkjkhco wogkhl# Ow hlvcow, kjfczkmkghb hzkzvjfw hnyfwwk}hw,

jkmfyfcgkhcjo"hw jhw yfgfpzk}hw# H goc}k}cgkh wogkhl lf}h ow hlvcow h pfygfify xvhkw lvnhyfw jf}fb

myfxfczhy, xvhkw gobpoyzhbfczow jf}fb hjozhy ov f}kzhy fb wkzvhfw jfzfybkchjhw# Hjxvkykcjo

cowwh gvlzvyh hpyfcjfbow h lfy cowwo nyvpo wogkhl, kczfykoykqhcjo ow pfxvfcow ykzvhkw fwzhiflfgkjow

phyh hw yflhfw wogkhkw# Hpyfcjfbow zhbib xvf wobow pfybhcfczfbfczf lkjow, o xvf cow lf}h h

vzklkqhy cowwo gobpoyzhbfczo gobo vbh moybh jf lkcnvhnfb, ghphq jf hnyhjhy, jfwpfyzhy wkbphzkh,hnyfjky, jfbocwzyhy kcjkmfyfch#

Fwwf hpyfcjkqhjo wogkhl kcglvk zhbib moybhw jf pfcwhy h yfhlkjhjf# Hpyfcjf"wf h pfcwhy, poy

ftfbplo, xvf cfgfwwyko hjxvkyky gocdfgkbfczow zgckgow f gkfczmkgow xvf pfybkzhb kcnyfwwhy co

bfyghjo jf zyhihldo jf moybh }hczhaowh# Hpyfcjf"wf h }fy ch kcmcgkh f ch hjolfwgcgkh pfyojow

jfwzkchjow pykcgkphlbfczf pyfphyho jh }kjh hjvlzh# Hwwkbklh"wf bvkzow ovzyow }hloyfw wogkhkw, xvf

gykhb dikzow jf gocwvbo f powkfw pfyhczf o bvcjo# H }kjh wogkhl, jfwwh moybh, co wf lkbkzh h

fcwkchy h lfy h yfhlkjhjf, bhw gdfnh ho poczo jf oykfczhy fwzh lfkzvyh cvb wfczkjo bhkw ov bfcow

pfybhcfczf# Wfyo lf}hjow h hjozhy jfzfybkchjhw ftpfgzhzk}hw f h whzkwmho jfwwhw ftpfgzhzk}hw

}kwzh gob moybh jf mflkgkjhjf#

O bvcjo wogkhl pfybhcfczfbfczf lfkzoy f lfkzoyh jf wfvw kcjk}jvow# H gvlzvyh zyhcwmfyf

gocdfgkbfczow woiyf h yfhlkjhjf f moybhw jf pfcwhy fwwh bfwbh yfhlkjhjf# Hpyfcjfy h lfy o bvcjo

hpyopykhy"wf jfwwfw }hloyfw jf cowwh gvlzvyh# , zhbib, wvibfz"low h vb pyogfwwo jf

xvfwzkochbfczo, jo xvhl phyzkgkph h ghphgkjhjf jf jv}kjhy# Fwwf ftfyggko jh j}kjh wfbpyf

ifcmkgo, pokw omfyfgf gocjkfw jf wvpfyhy hw lfkzvyhw bhkw kbfjkhzhw jh yfhlkjhjf, hzkcnkcjo yflfkzvyhw

kbpoyzhczfw phyh xvfb wf pyfogvph gob h whjf wogkhl f mwkgh jo wfy dvbhco#


20/41

GHPZVLO KK O PYOMFWWOY F H XVFWZO JH LFKZVYH

H Moybho jo Pyomfwwoy Lfkzoy

Gocmoybf Ywkcn $8;;=+, hw jfglhyhfw ov}kjhw jf pyomfwwoyfw, hgfygh jo hzo jf lfy, co

yf}flhb h ftkwzcgkh jo dikzo jf lfkzvyh1 cozh"wf h ftkwzcgkh jf vbh moybhlkjhjf ch yflho fczyf

pyomkwwkochkw f o lk}yo fcxvhczo oiafzo# Co pfygfif"wf, poy ftfbplo, co jkwgvywo jo pyomfwwoy,

bhckmfwzhfw yf}flhjoyhw jf vb goczhzo czkbo f yozkcfkyo fczyf flf f o lk}yo, pokw o wfv jkwgvywo co

hpyfwfczh bhyghw xvf kjfczkmkxvfb fwwf goczhzo# H lfkzvyh, ch pyzkgh jogfczf, , poy wvh }fq, oykfczhjhpoy pyfwwvpowkfw avwzhpowzhw# Cvb wvpowzo hzo jf lfy, o pyomfwwoy, pyo}}fl lfkzoy, fwzkbvlh o hlvco

lfy, pyfwwvpocjo xvf fwzf a wfah vb lfkzoy# Ogoyyf vbh lfkzvyh xvf co lfkzvyh, f, wkb, vbh bfyh

jfgojkmkgho jow yfmfyfcgkhkw jf ghjh kczfylogvzoy, jhw bhyghw goczftzvhkw, jhw yflhfw kczfyzftzvhkw,

fczyf ovzyow hwpfgzow#

Zfcjo fb }kwzh fwwh jkmkgvljhjf pfygfif"wf h cfgfwwkjhjf jf wf fmfzk}hyfb fwzvjow h yfwpfkzo

jow mvcjhbfczow zfykgow jh lfkzvyh, poyxvhczo h moybho jf pyomfwwoyfw, yfhlkqhjh co fcwkco wvpfykoy,

co bikzo jhw lkgfcgkhzvyhw# Wf h yfmlfto zfykgh jo hzo jf lfy moy fmfzk}hjh, wfvw yfwvlzhjow moyfb

hpyffcjkjow f hplkghjow pflow fjvghjoyfw pojf"wf oizfy iocw yfwvlzhjow#

Jkhczf jfwwh wkzvho h yf}hloykqho jh lfkzvyh w wfy gocwfnvkjh hzyh}w jf vbh yf}olvo

pyomvcjh jf bfczhlkjhjf f jf pyogfjkbfczow jo pyomfwwoy# H gyzkgh ch yfh fjvghgkochl jf}f hiyky

ghbkcdow phyh o hccgko f h fwzyvzvyho jf pyoafzow jf bvjhch, ghif ho mvzvyo pyomfwwoy h zhyfmh jf

yfmlfzky, a, woiyf h wvh dkwzykh gobo lfkzoy, kjfczkmkghcjo poww}fkw lhgvchw ov ghycgkhw# Fb wfnvkjh

jf}f lvzhy pflh gocxvkwzh jf gocjkfw phyh h pyojvo jf lfkzvyh# Zyhcwmoybhcjo"wf cvb iob lfkzoy

pflo zfwzfbvcdo, pflo ftfbplo f pflh gobpfzcgkh, pojfy oykfczhy gocjknchbfczf h lfkzvyh avczo how

wfvw mvzvyow hlvcow# Fwwh hzkzvjf jf}fy jfwfc}ol}fy co pyomfwwoy h pyfogvpho pflo nowzo jh lfkzvyh f

yf}flhy vbh lknho jf hmfzo gob o oiafzo lk}yo f gob o vck}fywo cflf goczkjo#


21/41

O Hzo jf Lfy F}olvk Hzyh}w jo Pyomfwwoy

Yfgvpfyhy o wknckmkghjo jh lfkzvyh, co zhyfmh jhw bhkw mgfkw, pokw fc}ol}f zojh vbh dkwzykh

jf hlkfcho f mhlzh jf gocwgkcgkh poy phyzf jow pyomfwwoyfw, pokw ow bfwbow jf}fb zfy gocwgkcgkh jf

xvf fwzhy fb goczhzo gob h lfkzvyh hiyky"wf phyh co}ow doykqoczfw# Whify lfy wknckmkgh powwvky

flfbfczow phyh pfcwhy woiyf h yfhlkjhjf f woiyf hw gocjkfw jf }kjh# Ow pyomfwwoyfw jf}fb zfy

gocwgkcgkh jf xvf h lfkzvyh vb kcwzyvbfczo xvf wfy}f ho jfwfc}ol}kbfczo jh plfckzvjf jo dobfb f

co gobo vbh hybh jf jobkcho# O hlvco pyfgkwh hpyfcjfy h gocmkhy co pyomfwwoy, xvf ldf hpoczh

ghbkcdow f, hwwkb, pfygfify vb goczkcfczf jf kjkhw, jf }hloyfw, jf gyfchw xvf ldfw pfybkzhb wfy,pfcwhy f }k}fy bfldoy# H pyzkgh jh lfkzvyh zfb wf jfwfc}ol}kjo co bikzo fwgolhy, lkbkzhjh h ftfyggkow

ov zgckghw xvf cfb wfbpyf hgobphcdhb hw bvjhchw wogkhkw#

H lfkzvyh jf}f wfy gocwzhczf# O hlvco jf}f lfy bvkzo, hchlkwhcjo o xvf fwz lfcjo, pyogvyhcjo

jfwgoiyky o wfczkjo jhw phlh}yhw, fcykxvfgfcjo wfv }oghivlyko f gobpyffcjfcjo bhkw mhgklbfczf

ovzyhw lfkzvyhw#

Ghif fczo ho pyomfwwoy opoyzvckqhy gocjkfw gocgyfzhw phyh xvf ow wfvw hlvcow lfkhb

wknckmkghzk}hbfczf, $f co bfghckghbfczf+, pyogvyhcjo jfwzhghy f yfnkwzyhy, phyh fmfkzo jfjkwgvwwo f jfihzf, hxvflhw kjkhw xvf ldfw phyfgfb yflf}hczfw phyh o h}hco co gocdfgkbfczojf jfzfybkchjo hwwvczo#Poy ovzyo lhjo, kbpoyzhczf lfbiyhy xvf hw kczfypyfzhfw jf vb zftzo co oifjfgfb h vb

pyogfwwo jf goc}fyncgkhw, bfwbo poyxvf hw ftpfykcgkhw jow hlvcow wo jkmfyfcgkhjhw f, poykwwo bfwbo, ghif ho pyomfwwoy kcwzknhy o gocmlkzo jhw kczfypyfzhfw avczo ho nyvpo jf hlvcow bfjkjh xvf yfwkjf h bhkoy ykxvfqh jh lfkzvyh# $FQFXVKFL, 8;;8, p#804+#

Jfwzh moybh, pyomfwwoyfw f hlvcow jf}fb zyhihldhy avczow, gob o oiafzk}o jf moybhy lfkzoyfw

gyzkgow# Zojo iob lfkzoy iob hpyfcjkq, fwwf mhzo kbpoyzhczf phyh o tkzo ch }kjh jo kcjk}jvo,hwwkb, ow pyomfwwoyfw pyfgkwhb fwzhy pyfphyhjow phyh hjhpzhfw w co}hw gkygvcwzcgkhw# Zhl

pyfphyho gocwkwzf co mhzo jow pyomfwwoyfw phyzkgkphyfb jf gvywow, hzvhlkqhyfb"wf phyh jfwfbpfcdhy

bfldoy o phpfl jf pyomfwwoy f moybhjoy jf opkckfw f pfywochlkjhjfw# Ow pyomfwwoyfw jf}fb whify

woiyf h yfwpocwhiklkjhjf xvf zb fb bozk}hy wfvw hlvcow phyh o dikzo jf lfy, hwwkb flfw jf}fb lf}hy

fb goczh jf xvf lfkzoyfw kckgkhczfw, kcjfpfcjfczf jh kjhjf, pojfyo mkghy jfwfcgoyhahjow wf h lfkzvyh


22/41

co mkqfy phyzf jf wfv hbikfczf gvlzvyhl ov fczo co fcgoczyhyfb ho wfv hlghcgf, lk}yow hmkchjow gob

wfvw nowzow# Jfwzh moybh, jfwjf o py"fwgolhy, ow hlvcow jf}fb fwzhy fb goczhzo pfybhcfczf gob ow

lk}yow phyh wf dhikzvhyfb h lfy gocwzhczfbfczf# O goczhzo gob o goczfjo jo zftzo jf}f pyonyfjky,

bfjkjh xvf pyonyfjky h gocgfpo jh lfkzvyh, h}hchcjo jh gobpyffcwo jf phlh}yhw phyh h lfkzvyh

kczfypyfzhzk}h, kcmoybhzk}h f gyzkgh, pokw h lfkzvyh vb jow bfkow bhkw fmkghqfw jf jfwfc}ol}kbfczowkwzfbzkgo jh lkcnvhnfb f jh pfywochlkjhjf#

Hwwkb, o dikzo jh lfkzvyh wknckmkgh, knvhlbfczf, o jf jfwfc}ol}fy hw pozfcgkhlkjhjfw kczflfgzvhkw

f fwpkykzvhkw, o jf hpyfcjfy h pyonyfjky# Ow pyomfwwoyfw jf}fb zyhihldhy h lfkzvyh gob h mkchlkjhjf jf

moybhy lfkzoyfw gobpfzfczfw# Fwwh hzkzvjf zfy gobo gocwfxcgkh h moybho jf iocw fwgykzoyfw, pokw

pyojvqky iocw zftzow jfpfcjf bvkzo jo dikzo jh lfkzvyh# kbpyfwgkcj}fl xvf o pyomfwwoy zhbib

powwvh o dikzo jf lfy, pokw ckcnvb pojf jhy hlnvbh gokwh h hlnvb o xvf co powwvk, jkmgkl mhqfy

gob xvf o hlvco hgyfjkzf fb hlno xvf co }k}fcgkhjo pflo pyomfwwoy# O pyomfwwoy xvf l, gob gfyzfqhzfy bhkoyfw wviwjkow phyh zyhihldhy gob o hlvco#

Fwz glhyo xvf h pfywochlkjhjf jo pyomfwwoy f, phyzkgvlhybfczf, wfvw dikzow jf lfkzvyh wokbpoyzhczwwkbow phyh jfwfc}ol}fy ow kczfyfwwfw f dikzow jf lfkzvyh cow hlvcow5 wvh pypykh

fjvgho zhbib goczykivk jf moybh fwwfcgkhl phyh h kcmlvcgkh xvf flf ftfygf#

$IHBIFYNFY, 8;;61>6+#

9#7 Pyogfwwo jf Fcwkco jh Lfkzvyh

Jf hgoyjo gob o Wfbkcyko jf Pfwxvkwh f Nyhjvho $900=+, o pyogfwwo jf fcwkco f

hpyfcjkqhnfb fmfzk}hjo pflow pyomfwwoyfw gobo hzk}kjhjf ivyogyzkgh xvf, cvb zfbpo lkbkzhjo, zfczh

pyfcjfy o hlvco cvb vck}fywo jf hiwzyho# Hw hvlhw wo bkckwzyhjhw fb kczfy}hlow gvyzow jf zfbpo f

jk}kjkjhw jf moybh hlfhzykh, jf hgoyjo gob h goc}fckcgkh f jkwpockiklkjhjf jow pyomfwwoyfw# Co d

vb pyoafzo fmfzk}o xvf gocwolkjf co bvcjo, f pykcgkphlbfczf co cowwo phkw, o fcwkco kczfyjkwgkplkchy,

co xvhl o hlvco co }fah gob jfwjb hw bhzykhw bkckwzyhjhw poy golog"lo cvb vck}fywo ho xvhl flf

co pfyzfcgf#

H ihwf phyh o kcwvgfwwo jow plhcow jf fcwkco co phw jf}f"wf, woiyfzvjo, ho jkwzhcgkhbfczo

fczyf ow kczfylogvzoyfw cow yfjvzow fwgolhyfw1 d vb hikwbo nyhcjf fczyf pyomfwwoyfw f hlvcow co xvf


23/41

gocgfycf h lkcnvhnfb f gobvckgho# O pyomfwwoy, h xvfb ghifykh kcgkzhy ow hlvcow h ivwghy ow

gocdfgkbfczow xvf ldfw goc}b poy bfko jf lfkzvyhw f oykfcz"low cfwwh fbpyfkzhjh, wvifwzkbh wvh

gobpfzcgkh f hpyfwfczh"ow h gocdfgkbfczow py}kow pyoczow, wfb cfgfwwkjhjf xvhlxvfy jf oiwfy}ho

f gyzkgh#

Wfykh jf wvbh kbpoyzcgkh lf}hy how hlvcow vbh co}h pyopowzh jf fcwkco xvf ldfw pfybkzh

kczfyhnky f wfyfb hnfczfw jf wfvw hpyfcjkqhjow# Co d vzklkjhjf fb lf}hy h gkcgkh, h dkwzykh, f o

jobcko jh lcnvh phjyo how hlvcow wf co dov}fy bhcfkyhw jf ldfw pyopoygkochy h pyojvo gkfczkmkgh

f o yfzyhzo jo wfv zfbpo poy bfko jf vbh lkcnvhnfb hpyopykhjh# O hlvco co jf}f whky jo fcwkco

bjko wfb zobhy gocdfgkbfczo jhw blzkplhw opoyzvckjhjfw xvf zfb f, phyh xvf kwwo hgoczfh, wfy

cfgfwwyko golog"lo jfmyoczf, kckgkhlbfczf, lfkzvyh#

Hkcjh, wfnvcjo o Wfbkcyko, h lfkzvyh cow fwzhiflfgkbfczow jf fcwkco, co jf}f }kcgvlhy"wfckgh f zo wobfczf w hvlhw jf lcnvh bhzfych ov lcnvh fwzyhcnfkyh# Phyh zhczo kbpyfwgkcj}fl xvf h

lfkzvyh co wfah zobhjh gobo oiyknho jh bhkoykh f pyhqfy jh bkcoykh5 lono, jf}f"wf jfwbkwzkmkghy h

gocgfpo jf xvf lfkzvyh , wfbpyf, }fkgvlo jf oyjfb ov pfywvhwo f zoyc"lh moczf jf xvhlxvfy

hpyfcjkqhjo# O nowzo pflh lfkzvyh wfy hpykboyhjo wf ho hlvco gdfnhyfb lfkzvyhw xvf a ldf zoxvfb ow

nowzow#

mgkl oiwfy}hy xvf ow hlvcow hpyfcjfb gob gfyzh mhgklkjhjf h jfgojkmkghy phlh}yhw f, lono, h

lfy myhwfw# Yflhgkochy h phlh}yh gobo o xvf d jf gocgyfzo co bvcjo co jkmgkl f jfkth o hlvco

gob h wfcwho jf pyotkbkjhjf gob hxvflfw f hxvklo xvf ow gfygh# Goczvjo, ioh phyzf jfwwfw hlvcow

xvf jfgojkmkghb phlh}yhw co whk jo fcwkco pykbyko hpzh h jfgojkmkghy kjkhw, poy bhkw wkbplfw xvf

wfahb# H fwgolh moybh, doaf, lfkzoyfw kcfmkgkfczfw xvf co lfb poyxvf co fczfcjfb ov poyxvf

fczfcjfb wkbplfwbfczf o xvf fwz ftpowzo chw pnkchw jh moybh gobo fwz#

Hgyfjkzh"wf xvf h fmkgkcgkh jh lfkzvyh co jf}h kncoyhy zfybow, phlh}yhw ov ftpyfwwfw xvf

hphyfhb cow zftzow# Lf}hczhy }ykow poczow pfyzkcfczfw hvbfczh wknckmkghzk}hbfczf h gdhcgf jf xvf o

zftzo lkjo zoxvf o hlvco ov ldf pyfcjh h hzfco#

O pyomfwwoy jf lcnvh poyzvnvfwh co jf}f wf pyfcjfy kjkh jf xvf ldf hwwkwzf o jf}fy jf

fcwkchy h coybh gvlzh, jf fcvbfyhy zpkgow xvf hpykboyfb h pyojvo jf zftzow ov jf mhqfy vbh

hclkwf jow hwpfgzow gocwzyvzk}ow jf vb zftzo# Hw }hykhczfw gvlzvyhkw jf}fb kczfnyhy h fwgolh phyh xvf

fwzh pfypfzvf hw gvlzvyhw jf bojo xvf ow hlvcow co jfwjfcdfb jhw xvf co ldfw wo mhbklkhyfw# Ho


24/41

fjvghjoy xvf zyhzhy fwpfgkmkghbfczf h lcnvh ghif o jf}fy f o jkyfkzo jf lf}hy ow jkwgfczfw bhzfykhkw jf

jkwgvwwo xvf ldfw pfybkzhb oiwfy}hy phyh yfmlfzky, jkwgvzky f goczhzhy gocdfgkbfczow co}ow f, zo lono,

pyojvqky#

Hwwkb h fwgolh jf}f wfy fwpho jf oiwfy}ho, wfnvkjh jh yfmlfto, jf}f pfybkzky lknhfw fczyf

gocdfgkbfczow }hykhjow, zvjo o xvf pyojvzo jf yfmlfto bhzykh jf jkwgvwwo, f zojh jkwgvwwo

moybh kcjk}jvow ckgow xvf pyojvqfb gocdfgkbfczow ckgow#

Jfgkmyhcjo h Lfkzvyh

H lfkzvyh xvf wf mhq jf xvhlxvfy zftzo wfcwoykhl# O lfkzoy, ho zobhy fb wvhw bow vbh

pvilkgho, zyhzh"h gobo vb oiafzo fb wk, oiwfy}hcjo"h, hphlphcjo"h, h}hlkhcjo wfv hwpfgzo mwkgo f h

wfcwho zzkl xvf jfwpfyzh# Fwwh hzkzvjf vb flfbfczo kbpoyzhczf jo cowwo yflhgkochbfczo gob h

yfhlkjhjf fwgykzh#

H lfkzvyh wfcwoykhl jo zftzo fwgykzo vbh pykbfkyh fzhph jo cowwo pyogfwwo jf jfgojkmkgho# H

flh, gowzvbh"wf wfnvky h gdhbhjh lfkzvyh fbogkochl# xvhcjo phwwh"wf ho gocdfgkbfczo jo zftzo

pyopykhbfczf jkzo, pfygoyyfcjo hw pnkchw f zyh}hcjo goczhzo gob o goczfjo# H lfkzvyh fczo cow

pyojvq fbofw1 h dkwzoykh pojf wfy fbogkochczf ov zfjkowh, o hyzkno ov bhzykh pojf mhqfy yky ov

kyykzhy, ow pofbhw pojfb wfy mgfkw jf lfy f hnyhj}fkw ov gobplkghjow f hioyyfgkjow# Coybhlbfczf, h

lfkzvyh fbogkochl gocjvq h hpyfgkhfw jo zkpo Nowzfk / Co nowzfk, wfb bhkoyfw pyfzfcwfw

hchlzkghw1 vbh ftpfykcgkh jfwgobpyobkwwhjh, jh xvhl phyzkgkph cowwo nowzo f h cowwh moybho#

H lfkzvyh fbogkochl gowzvbh wfy gykzkghjh, wfcjo bvkzhw }fqfw gdhbhjh jf wvpfymkgkhl f

hlkfchczf# Fwwh h}hlkho zfb bvkzo jf yhgkochlkwbo f cfb wfbpyf }fyjhjfkyh# Xvhcjo opzhbow poy

lfy vb yobhcgf jf mkgo gkfczkmkgh, poy ftfbplo, poy pvyh jkwzyho, pojfbow fczyhy cvb vck}fywo

gvahw yflhfw cow hpyfwfczhb vbh yfhlkjhjf jkmfyfczf jh cowwh, ghphq jf cow gocjvqky wfb nyhcjfw

mloyfkow kczflfgzvhkw, h pfcwhy woiyf cowwo bvcjo# O bfwbo pojf hgoczfgfy gob yf}kwzhw fb

xvhjykcdow f ovzyow zftzow gocwkjfyhjow bfcow coiyfw# Kwwo co wknckmkgh, co fczhczo, xvf co

ftkwzhb pvilkghfw xvf yfhlbfczf kc}kwzhb ch cowwh }oczhjf jf jfwghcwhy h ghifh, omfyfgfcjo"cow


25/41

vb flfcgo jf kcmoybhfw f kjkhw xvf yfmoyhb ow }hloyfw wogkhkw jobkchczfw# Kwwo zhbib yflhzk}o,

pokw d xvfb jfmfcjh fwwfw }hloyfw###

H lfkzvyh wfcwoykhl f h fbogkochl moycfgfb wviwjkow kbpoyzhczfw phyh h yfhlkqho jf vb

zfygfkyo zkpow jf lfkzvyh1 h kczflfgzvhl# Fwwh lfkzvyh co jf}f wfy }kwzh gobo vbh moybh fwzfyklkqhczf jf

hioyjhy ow zftzow, yfjvqkcjo"ow h mfktfw jf gocgfkzow kcghphqfw jf jfwpfyzhy xvhlxvfy pyhqfy# Flh

gobfh poy vb pyogfwwo jf hchlkwf xvf pyogvyh jfzfgzhy h oynhckqho jo zftzo, pfygfifcjo gobo flf

gocwzkzvk vbh vckjhjf f gobo hw phyzfw wf yflhgkochb phyh moybhy fwwh vckjhjf, bvkzo kbpoyzhczf

phyh mhgklkzhy wvh gobpyffcwo jow bfghckwbow jf mvcgkochbfczo jh lcnvh fwgykzh# F fwwf zyhihldo

pojf jfwpfyzhy bvkzo pyhqfy kczflfgzvhl#

H lfkzvyh kczflfgzvhl co wf lkbkzh h hchlkwhy fwzyvzvyhlbfczf ow zftzow# Ch yfhlkjhjf, o xvf h

mvcjhbfczh h gocwgkcgkh pfybhcfczf jf xvf zojo o zftzo vb hzo jf gobvckgho, yfwpocjfcjo,poyzhczo, h vb pyoafzo jf xvfb o pyojvq# Fb ovzyhw phlh}yhw1 h lfkzvyh kczflfgzvhl xvhcjo o lfkzoy

cvcgh pfyjf jf }kwzh o mozo jf xvf hxvklo xvf fwz lfcjo mok fwgykzo poy hlnvb xvf zkcdh pyopwkzow

jfzfybkchjow ho mhq"lo# Pyogvyhy jfzfgzhy fwwfw pyopwkzow avczhbfczf gob h kcmoybho zyhcwbkzkjh f

gob h fwzyvzvyho jo zftzo mhqfy vbh lfkzvyh kczflfgzvhl whzkwmhzykh#

Fwwh pyopowzh jf lfkzvyh kczflfgzvhl wf yfmfyf pykcgkphlbfczf h zftzow kcmoybhzk}ow, gobo ow xvf

fcgoczyhbow fb aoychkw, yf}kwzhw, lk}yow zgckgow, lk}yow jkjzkgow# Wo zftzow xvf omfyfgfb gobo moczf

jf kcmoybhfw, bhw xvf yfxvfyfb vbh hioyjhnfb gykzkgh pfybhcfczf, pokw hpyfwfczhb wfbpyf zyhow

xvf kcjkghb hw kczfcfw jf xvfb fwgyf}f f pvilkgh# Zhbib ow zftzow pvilkgkzykow jf}fb wfy

kcglvjow cfwwf nyvpo, ifb gobo hxvflfw fwgykzow phyh hpyfwfczho oyhl $yjko+ ov vjko"}kwvhl

$zflf}kwo+# H lfkzvyh kczflfgzvhl kbplkgh vbh hzkzvjf gykzkgh, }olzhjh co w phyh h gobpyffcwo jo

goczfjo jo zftzo, bhw pykcgkphlbfczf lknhjh h kc}fwzknho jow pyogfjkbfczow jf xvfb o pyojvqkv#

H Kczfyjkwgkplkchykjhjf jh Lfkzvyh

Zyhihldhy yfjho f lfkzvyh zhbib zhyfmh jf zojow ow pyomfwwoyfw, co w jow xvf lfgkochb

Lcnvh Poyzvnvfwh# H ghphgkjhjf jf fczfcjfy f pyojvqky zftzow mvcjhbfczhl fb xvhlxvfy jkwgkplkch#


26/41

Ghjh yfh zfb zftzow gob ghyhgzfywzkghw fwpfgkmkghw f ghif how pyomfwwoyfw jf ghjh jkwgkplkch gvkjhy jh

goyyfo jow zfybow f }oghivlyko pypyko, co j phyh jfkthy zvjo poy goczh jo pyomfwwoy jf Lcnvh

Poyzvnvfwh#

gobvb o pyomfwwoy jf Bhzfbzkgh pyopoy pyoilfbh w gykhchw f pfygfify xvf bvkzhw zfykhb

gocdfgkbfczo phyh wolvgkoc"lo, bhw co gocwfnvfb gdfnhy l poyxvf co fczfcjfb o fcvcgkhjo#H

hzk}kjhjf gob zftzow chw hvlhw jf Bhzfbzkgh fc}ol}f ovzyow jfwhmkow, gobo h yflho fczyf jvhw

lkcnvhnfcw jkmfyfczfw hw phlh}yhw f ow wbiolow bhzfbzkgow# W o pyomfwwoy jh yfh pojf zyhihldhy

whzkwmhzoykhbfczf h gobikcho jf lkcnvhnfcw pyfwfczf ch yfwolvo jf pyoilfbhw# Phyh wolvgkoc"low,

pfjf"wf ho hlvco xvf zyhjvqh vbh wkzvho kckgkhlbfczf jfwgykzh fb phlh}yhw phyh vbh moybh bhkw

hiwzyhzh, gobpowzh jf cbfyow f wkchkw#

Kwwo lf}h o hlvco h jfwfc}ol}fy dhiklkjhjfw jf yhgkogcko f yfpyfwfczho, xvf flf pojfy vwhyfb ovzyhw wkzvhfw, ghjh }fq bhkw gobplfthw# Yfwol}fy vbh xvfwzo bhzfbzkgh gob jfwfcdow pojf

wfy vb iob gobfo phyh xvf ow hlvcow wkczhb }oczhjf co zyhcwkzo fczyf hw jvhw lkcnvhnfcw#

O fwzvjo jf zftzo chw hvlhw jf Lcnvh Poyzvnvfwh gowzvbh wf yfwzykcnky h chyyhzk}hw jf mkgo,

yflhzow pfwwohkw $gobo ghyzhw+ ov, co btkbo, cozkgkhw zkyhjhw jh kbpyfcwh# Phyh o fwzvjhczf, kwwo co

wvmkgkfczf, poyxvf d bvkzow ovzyow zkpow jf zftzo xvf flf pyfgkwh gobpyffcjfy#

Ow zftzow jf gkcgkhw dvbhchw zb ovzyhw ghyhgzfywzkghw pfgvlkhyfw, gobo yf}flhy h kjfolonkh jo

hvzoy f ftpoy }kwfw jkmfyfczfw woiyf o zfbh# Wf ow hlvcow moyfb hgowzvbhjow h lfy }ykow bojflow jf

zftzo, }o jfwfc}ol}fy fwpykzo gykzkgo phyh pfygfify fwwhw cvhcgfw# Fb povgo zfbpo whifyo ftpoy hw

pypykhw kjkhw poy fwgykzo, gob hynvbfczow jfwzkchjow h goc}fcgfy o lfkzoy#

Zojo pyomfwwoy, kcjfpfcjfczf jh yfh xvf hzvh, pojf f jf}f fwzkbvlhy o nowzo pflh lfkzvyh, mhqfy

pfynvczhw f jkwgvzky o xvf mok lkjo, h}hlkhy o hpyfcjkqhjo poy fwgykzo, bowzyhy h kbpoyzcgkh jo

}oghivlyko fwpfgkmkgo, kcgfczk}hy h glhyfqh ho fwgyf}fy, zyfkchy h dhiklkjhjf jf oynhckqhy kjkhw#


27/41

GHPZVLO KKK " WVNFWZFW F HZK]KJHJFW PHYH O JFWFC]OL]KBFCZO JH

LFKZVYH

7#8 Ikilkozfgh1 Zfwovyo h Ftployhy

D vb zfwovyo ch fwgolh# Ho hlghcgf jf zojow, ghphq jf opfyhy pfxvfcow bklhnyfw fb xvfb

wf hpowwh jflf# Flf hvbfczh bfjkjh xvf zyhcwmfyf wvh ykxvfqh $o gocdfgkbfczo+ phyh vb cvbfyo ghjh

}fq bhkoy jf pyomfwwoyfw f hlvcow# Poy kwwo pyfgkwo jfwgoiyk"lo, zoyc"lo phyzf jh }kjh jf zojow,

bfldoy"lo gocwzhczfbfczf ow nhcdow wo }kw}fkw#Vb gyvqhbfczo jf jhjow yfhlkqhjo pflo Kcwzkzvzo Chgkochl jf Fwzvjow f Pfwxvkwhw Fjvghgkochkw

gob ihwf cow yfwvlzhjow jf 700bkl fwzvjhczfw co Wkwzfbh Chgkochl jf H}hlkho jh Fjvgho Iwkgh

$Whfi+ yf}flh vb jfwfbpfcdo xvhwf 90& wvpfykoy cow golnkow fb xvf bhkw jf >6& jow hlvcow

bhckpvlhb f lfb yfnvlhybfczf hw oiyhw jhw fwzhczfw# Ftkwzf vbh glhyh goyyflho fczyf h ftkwzcgkh f

o vwo jh ikilkozfgh f cozhw bfldoyfw, pykcgkphlbfczf fb Lcnvh Poyzvnvfwh, hmkybh Ghylow Dfcykxvf

Hyhao, jkyfzoy jf H}hlkho jo Bkckwzyko jh Fjvgho#

Kcmflkqbfczf hkcjh wf goczhb how bkldhyfw jf kldhw wfb zfwovyo fb cowwo phw# Jhw bhkw jf

8>9 bkl fwgolhw jf Fcwkco Mvcjhbfczhl, hpfchw := bkl goczhb gob ikilkozfgh ov whlh jf lfkzvyh# O

xvhjyo bfldoyh co Fcwkco Bjko, gob 48& jhw vckjhjfw hphyfldhjhw# Hlfb jkwwo, bvkzhw gykhchw

iyhwklfkyhw chwgfb fb lhyfw gob povgo bhzfykhl fwgykzo# Vb fb ghjh xvhzyo hlvcow jf :h wykf, wfnvcjo

o Whfi jf 9008, co zfb cfcdvb lk}yo fb ghwh# Jh h kbpoyzcgkh jh ikilkozfgh f jo pyomfwwoy, xvf

o pykbfkyo lfkzoy jh }kjh jfwwfw hlvcow#

Ftkwzfb }hykhw wvnfwzfw wkbplfw xvf havjhb h gocwzyvky o dikzo jf lfkzvyh f yfmoyhb o phpfl

jh ikilkozfgh fwgolhy fczyf ow fwzvjhczfw1 ow lk}yow jf}fb fwzhy wfbpyf ho hlghcgf jow hlvcow phyh xvf

fwzfw }kwvhlkqfb h ghph, bhcvwfkfb, mhzoy kbpoyzhczf phyh h fwgoldh jo lk}yo5 fwwfcgkhl mhqfy co}hw

hxvkwkfw, yfpoy f yfgvpfyhy }olvbfw jhckmkghjow5 kcgfczk}hy ow hlvcow h lf}hy ow lk}yow phyh lfy fb

ghwh5 h ikilkozfgh mkgh bhkw ykgh xvhcjo o hlvco wf wfczf phyzf jflh, goloxvf ch fwzhczf lk}yow

pyojvqkjow fb glhwwf, boczf vb phkcfl gob yfwfcdhw, fczyf}kwzhw f zftzow jow hlvcow5 ioh kcmyh"


28/41

fwzyvzvyh fwwfcgkhl, jfjkxvf hzfco fwpfgkhl klvbkcho jh whlh5 fcwkcf ow hlvcow h loghlkqhy o xvf

pyogvyhb, jhcjo"ldfw hvzocobkh, bowzyf xvf h ikilkozfgh phyzf jo jkh"h"jkh#

7#9 H Lfkzvyh f wvhw Kczfyhfw

Fczfcjf"wf poy lfkzvyh vb pyogfwwo jf gocwzyvo jf wfczkjo1 lfy kczfyhnky gob o hvzoy,

pyogvyhy f pyojvqky wfczkjow, }k}fcgkhy ftpfykcgkhw# wfy gobpfzfczf phyh gobpyffcjfy f jfgkmyhy h

yfhlkjhjf#

Moybhy lfkzoy gobpfzfczf wvpf moybhy hlnvb xvf gobpyffcjh o xvf l5 xvf powwh hpyfcjfy hlfy o xvf co fwz fwgykzo, kjfczkmkghcjo flfbfczow kbplgkzow5 xvf fwzhiflfh yflhfw fczyf o zftzo xvf

l f ovzyow zftzow a lkjow5 xvf whkih xvf }ykow wfczkjow pojfb wfy hzykivjow h vb zftzo5 xvf gocwknh

avwzkmkghy f }hlkjhy h wvh lfkzvyh h phyzky jh loghlkqho jf flfbfczow jkwgvywow#

Poyzhczo lfy , co w vbh jhw bhkoyfw ftpfykcgkhw jh }kjh fwgolhy, bhw vbh }k}cgkh ckgh

phyh zojo wfy dvbhco# Ho jobkchy h lfkzvyh hiykbow h powwkiklkjhjf jf hjxvkyky gocdfgkbfczow,

jfwfc}ol}fy yhgkogckow, phyzkgkphy hzk}hbfczf jh }kjh wogkhl, hlhynhy h }kwo jf bvcjo, jo ovzyo f jf wk

bfwbo#

Hzkzvjfw gobo nowzhy jf lfy f kczfyfwwhy"wf pflh lfkzvyh f pflow lk}yow wo gocwzkzvjhw, phyh

hlnvbhw pfwwohw, co fwpho mhbklkhy f fb ovzyhw fwmfyhw jf goc}k}cgkh fb xvf h fwgykzh gkygvlh# Bhw,

phyh ovzyow, , woiyfzvjo ch fwgolh xvf fwzf nowzo pojf wfy kcgfczk}hjo# Phyh kwwo kbpoyzhczf xvf o

hlvco pfygfih h lfkzvyh gobo vb hzo pyhqfyowo f cfgfwwyko#

Phyh zoychy ow hlvcow iocw lfkzoyfw phyh jfwfc}ol}fy, bvkzo bhkw jo xvf h ghphgkjhjf jf lfy, o

nowzo f o gobpyobkwwo gob h lfkzvyh h fwgolh zfy jf boiklkq"low kczfychbfczf, pokw hpyfcjfy lfy $f

zhbib lfy phyh hpyfcjfy+ yfxvfy fwmoyo# Pyfgkwhy bowzyhy h flfw xvf h lfkzvyh hlno kczfyfwwhczf f

jfwhmkhjoy, hlno xvf, gocxvkwzhjo plfchbfczf, jhy hvzocobkh f kcjfpfcjcgkh# Pyfgkwhy zoyc"low

gocmkhczfw, gocjko phyh pojfyfb wf jfwhmkhy h )hpyfcjfy mhqfcjo)# Vbh pyzkgh jf lfkzvyh xvf co

jfwpfyzf f gvlzk}f o jfwfao jf lfy co vbh pyzkgh pfjhnnkgh fmkgkfczf#

H lfkzvyh co h mhlh fwgykzh, bhw vb pyogfwwo jf hbhjvyfgkbfczo jf dhiklkjhjfw lkcnwzkghw


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xvf fb phyzf wf jkmfyf jh mhlh, bhw gocwkjfyfbow xvf h lfkzvyh h yfhlkqho jo oiafzk}o jh fwgykzh#

Xvfb fwgyf}f, fwgyf}f phyh wfy lkjo# w }fqfw, lfy vb pyogfwwo jf jfwgoifyzh, gobo h ivwgh jo whify

gkfczmkgo5 ovzyhw }fqfw yfxvfy vb zyhihldo phgkfczf, pfywf}fyhczf, jfwhmkhjoy f bkcvgkowo#

Cfwzf wfczkjo pojf"wf jkqfy xvf h lfkzvyh vb pyogfwwo co xvhl o lfkzoy yfhlkqh vb zyhihldo

hzk}o jf gocwzyvo jo wknckmkghjo jo zftzo, h phyzky jf wfvw oiafzk}ow, jo wfv gocdfgkbfczo woiyf o

hwwvczo, woiyf o hvzoy, jf zvjo o xvf whif woiyf h lcnvh1 ghyhgzfywzkghw jo ncfyo, jo poyzhjoy, jo

wkwzfbh jf fwgykzh, fzg#

Jkhczf jo ftpowzo, pojf"wf pfygfify xvf h lfkzvyh ftfygkzhjh goyyfzhbfczf powwvk }hwzh mvco

wogkhl ch bfjkjh fb xvf phyzf mvcjhbfczhl phyh vbh gocwgkcgkh gyzkgh, xvf zfb gobo myvzo h

moybho kczflfgzvhl jf dobfcw gyzkgow f moybhjoyfw jf opkcko, phyzkgkphzk}ow co pyogfwwo jf

f}olvo wogkhl#

Lfy poy Pyhqfy

Hlnvcw ch}fnhb co pyhqfy jh lfkzvyh, }k}fb hw bhkw mhczwzkghw h}fczvyhw, ftpfykcgkhw,

zyhcwpkyhb ho lfy vb lk}yo jf wvwpfcwf, ov gdoyhb ho lfy vb yobhcgf, wf jfkthb lf}hy pflhw lkcdhw

fwgykzhw, wo fwwfw ow bozk}ow fbogkochkw, pokw cfgfwwyko xvf o lfkzoy zfcdh fwwf c}fl fbogkochl,

bvkzhw }fqfw h lfkzvyh wf zoych kcwvpoyz}fl, vb }fyjhjfkyo ftfyggko jf hcnwzkh, pojf wfy xvf o

pypyko lfkzoy zfcdh oizkjo vbh yfafko, kwwo hgoczfgf jf}kjo mhzoyfw ftzfycow xvf ogoyyfb co cowwo

jkh h jkh#

Bhnkh, mhczhwkh f kbhnkcho wo hpfchw hlnvcw jow flfbfczow pyfwfczfw cow bobfczow jf

lfkzvyh , poyb, hw fwgolhw moybhb zo povgow lfkzoyfw f o nowzo pflow lk}yow vbh yhykjhjf fb cowwo

phw##

Zojow ow fwzvjow hpoczhb xvf o }klo jh dkwzykh h bkwzvyh jh lkzfyhzvyh gob hzk}kjhjfw

jkjzkghw# Ow fwzvjhczfw co nowzhb xvhcjo pyfgkwhb mhqfy yfwvbow ov pyffcgdfy mkgdhw hpw h lfkzvyh

jf vb yobhcgf ov goczo# Hmkchl, wf o cfngko lfy poy pyhqfy, co d wfczkjo fb ftknky zhyfmhw xvf co

zb cfcdvbh yflho gob kwwo# O goyyfzo hpfchw zyoghy kjkhw f pyk}klfnkhy h gocwzyvo jf wfczkjo


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jow zftzow, fwzhiflfgfcjo yflhfw gob h yfhlkjhjf jow hlvcow#

Hgyfjkzh"wf xvf hw hvlhw jf lkzfyhzvyh jf}fykhb goczfy hpfchw zftzow lkzfyykow, poyfb, bvkzow

pyomfwwoyfw oynhckqhb o gvyygvlo gob ihwf ch oyjfb gyocolnkgh f dkwzykgh jow bo}kbfczow

lkzfyykow# Jkwgvzfb pyoilfbhw f gocmlkzow wogkhkw pyfwfczfw chw oiyhw, jfihzfb h ikonyhmkh jow hvzoyfw

f lfb bvkzo povgo# ]hlf h btkbh xvf w }fcjfbow o xvf hgyfjkzhbow#

D gfygh jf 90 hcow, }fb wf jkmvcjkcjo o fcwkco jh Lkzfyhzvyh pflo fwzvjo jow jkmfyfczfw

ncfyow# Doaf, ovzyow ghbkcdow wo bhkw ftployhjow, gobo h gykho jf wfxcgkhw jf lfkzvyh phyh

gocdfgfy o vck}fywo jf vb hvzoy, jkmfyfczfw }fywfw jf vbh bfwbh oiyh ov h ftployho jf vbh

zfbzkgh lkzfyykh#

O pykcgkphl oiafzk}o jf xvhlxvfy hzk}kjhjf ov pyoafzo jf lfkzvyh poy pyhqfy avwzhbfczf

jfwfc}ol}fy fwwf gobpoyzhbfczo lfkzoy1 mhqfy gob xvf ow hlvcow wf zoycfb lfkzoyfw hvzcobow fivwxvfb cow lk}yow, o pyhqfy jf }khahy fb wvhw pnkchw#

Lfy phyh Fwzvjhy

Jf zojow ow gobpoyzhbfczow lfkzoyfw, o jf lfy phyh fwzvjhy gfyzhbfczf o bhkw goiyhjo pflow

pyomfwwoyfw jfwjf ow pykbfkyow hcow jo Fcwkco Mvcjhbfczhl hkcjh xvf bvkzow co whkihb gobo

fcwkc"lo h wfvw hlvcow# Wfb j}kjh, hpyfcjfy h lfy zftzow kcmoybhzk}ow, hyzknow gkfczmkgow, fcwhkow f

lk}yow jkjzkgow ov phyh jkjzkgow vbh dhiklkjhjf mvcjhbfczhl phyh zojh h }kjh, jfczyo f moyh jh

fwgolh#

O hlvco xvf ho mkchl jo Fcwkco Mvcjhbfczhl, co gocwfnvf gobpyffcjfy goyyfzhbfczf fwwhw

kcmoybhfw hghih wf goc}fcgfcjo jf xvf co iob f, bvkzhw }fqfw, jfwkwzf jfmkckzk}hbfczf jow

fwzvjow#

Oykfczhy h lfkzvyh jfwwfw zftzow bhkw jkmgkl, poyxvf o pypyko bhzfykhl jf fwzvjo povgo

hzyhfczf1 bvkzhw lfzyhw, povghw klvwzyhfw, vb gocavczo jf kjkhw xvf pyfgkwhb mhqfy wfczkjo# O ykzbo

jf zyhihldo , cfgfwwhykhbfczf, bhkw lfczo, phyh hlghchy o oiafzk}o jf loghlkqhy kcmoybhfw woiyf vb

hwwvczo fwpfgkmkgo f yflfy zyfgdow jkmgfkw# Fczfcjfy kwwo fwwfcgkhl phyh gykhy wkzvhfw jkjzkghw


31/41

gofyfczfw gob h yfhlkjhjf# Hxvk, wkb, mhq zojo wfczkjo pfjky yfwvbow, fwxvfbhw f wczfwfw phyh mhgklkzhy

o fczfcjkbfczo# O mogo co jf}f wfy hpfchw h h}hlkho, bhw pykcgkphlbfczf o yfnkwzyo, pokw, ho

fwgyf}fy f fwxvfbhzkqhy, yfflhioyhy"wf o xvf mok lkjo# F kwwo fwzvjhy#

Lfy phyh wf Kcmoybhy

H lfkzvyh jfwgoczyhjh f jkcbkgh yfpfzf o xvf ogoyyf jo lhjo jf moyh jh fwgolh# F hwwkb xvf

jf}fykh wfy wfbpyf# W lfcjo , o hlvco wfy ghphq jf fczfcjfy h lkcnvhnfb ypkjh f gocgkwh

hgobphcdhjh jf wbiolow, nymkgow, mozonyhmkhw f klvwzyhfw jo zftzo jh kbpyfcwh#

Fwwh pyhzkgh hpyotkbh ow hlvcow jo bvcjo gozkjkhco jkwzhczf jhw bfzmoyhw f }khnfcw jh

lkzfyhzvyh f havjh h moybhy lfkzoyfw hwwjvow f kczfyfwwhjow pflow mhzow yfhkw#

Aoychkw f yf}kwzhw gvbpyfb h mvco iwkgh jf pyojvzoyfw jf gocdfgkbfczo# Gobo h kcmoybho h

bhzykh"pykbh jo zyhihldo fwgolhy, co d gobo mhlhy fb fjvgho wfb lfy fwwhw pvilkghfw zojo jkh#

Cfcdvbh lfkzvyh j zhczh opoyzvckjhjf jf jfwfc}ol}fy o wfcwo gyzkgo# D vbh jkwzcgkh fcoybf

fczyf o xvf hgoczfgf jfczyo f moyh jh fwgolh# H ftployho jo zftzo aoychlwzkgo goczykivk phyh

hpyotkbhy fwwhw yfhlkjhjfw, havjhcjo moybhy ao}fcw bhkw gyzkgow f gob opkckfw pypykhw, ghphqfw jfiyknhy poy wfvw jkyfkzow#

Cfwwf pyogfwwo jf hpyfcjkqhnfb, ghif ho pyomfwwoy pyo}oghy, kcwzknhy h gvykowkjhjf, mhqfy

yflhfw gob ovzyow zftzow f vzklkqhy hw yfpoyzhnfcw phyh h gocwzyvo jo whify# Kcmoybho hlkhjh ho

zyhihldo jogfczf gocdfgkbfczo# Cfwwhw gocjkfw, o fcwkco jfkth jf wfy hiwzyhzo f zhbib h

yflho fczyf jkmfyfczfw jkwgkplkchw mkgh mhgklkzhjh# O zftzo aoychlwzkgo f hwwvczo phyh zojo jkh f phyh

zojh goc}fywh#

Gobo o pyomfwwoy pojf jfwfc}ol}fy o dikzo jh lfkzvyh fb wfvw hlvcow

Co wf moybhb iocw lfkzoyfw wf flfw co zb vb goczhzo kczkbo gob ow zftzow# D kcbfyhw


32/41

bhcfkyhw jf mhqfy kwwo1 ow hlvcow pojfb lfy fb wklcgko, ov fb }oq hlzh, fb nyvpo ov fb

kcjk}kjvhlbfczf, ov o pyomfwwoy l vb zftzo phyh zvybh# Zhkw powwkiklkjhjfw jf}fb wfy fwgoldkjhw jf

hgoyjo gob h hzk}kjhjf xvf fwz wfcjo jfwfc}ol}kjh fb glhwwf kcgfczk}hcjo h lfkzvyh jkykh#

Fb bvkzhw fwgolhw h Lcnvh Poyzvnvfwh hkcjh fcwkchjh jf bhcfkyh moybhl, wfb fczvwkhwbo#

Fwwf zkpo jf fcwkco co hzfcjf bhkw w cfgfwwkjhjfw jh wogkfjhjf# Ghjh }fq bhkw o hlvco zfy jf

gobpyffcjfy f fwgyf}fy zftzow jkmfyfcgkhjow, glhyow f gykhzk}ow# Zftzow jk}fywkmkghjow fwzo poy zojh

phyzf1 aoychkw, moldfzow jf pyophnhcjh, yf}kwzhw, fbihlhnfcw jf pyojvzow hlkbfczgkow zyhqfb pfxvfcow

zftzow yfplfzow jf kcmoybhfw# O kbpoyzhczf xvf o bhzfykhl fwgykzo hpyfwfczhjo how hlvcow wfah

kczfyfwwhczf f jfwpfyzf gvykowkjhjf# Zftzow lkzfyykow f pofwkhw zhbib jf}fb wfy vwhjow#

Oynhckqf vb jkh jf lfkzvyh fb wvh fwgolh

Goc}kjf ow phkw jf wfvw hlvcow f pfwwohw jh gobvckjhjf# Gobikcf gob hlnvbhw pfwwohw phyh

xvf goczfb wvhw dkwzoykhw jf lfkzvyh, kwzo , gobo moyhb xvf hpyfcjfyhb h lfy xvf hjvlzow hw havjhyhb

cfwzh hpyfcjkqhnfb, o xvf hw lf}ov h nowzhyfb jf lfy, jf xvf lfkzvyhw nowzhyhb bhkw, xvf co}hw lfkzvyhw

nowzhykhb jf mhqfy $fczyf}kwzh+# Vb nyvpo jf hlvcow pojf zhbib kc}fczhy f goczhy ov fcgfchy phyh

zojow vbh wkzvho jf kckgkho lfkzvyh# kbpoyzhczf xvf o pyomfwwoy mhlf jf wvhw ftpfykcgkhw

pfwwohkw jf lfkzvyh# Phyh gocglvky h hzk}kjhjf oynhckqf vb lk}yo gob hw dkwzoykhw, fczyf}kwzhw f

jfpokbfczow golfzhjow jvyhczf o zyhihldo yfhlkqhjo#

Bowzyf how hlvcow gobo wo hbplhw hw powwkiklkjhjfw jf gykho lkzfyykh

Gykhy vb hbikfczf jfwgoczyhjo f hmfzk}o ch whlh jf hvlh f jknh how hlvcow xvf wfy lkjh ov

goczhjh vbh dkwzoykh bvkzo kczfyfwwhczf# Gobfgf fczo h lfy ov goczhy vbh dkwzoykh, jf pyfmfycgkh gob

bvkzh ho, f xvhcjo zojow fwzk}fyfb ifb kczfyfwwhjow, jfpokw jf a zfy lkjo ov goczhjo vb iob


33/41

zyfgdo, kczfyyobph f pyopocdh xvf ghjh hlvco } jhcjo goczkcvkjhjf h dkwzoykh#

Pyoafzow f hzk}kjhjfw jf lfkzvyh poy pyhqfy jf}fb1

" Wfy vb goc}kzf kbhnkcho#

" Jfwfc}ol}fy h fwgvzh hzfczh#

" Pyf}fy wkzvhfw jf lfkzvyh fb }oq hlzh pflo pyomfwwoy f pflow hlvcow#

" Zfy gobo mogo h lfkzvyh jf zftzow lkzfyykow#

" Xvhcjo moy pfyzkcfczf fc}ol}fy ovzyhw lkcnvhnfcw, gobo bvwkgh, pkczvyh f gkcfbh#

" Co ghwo jf lk}yow locnow, pyobo}fy h lfkzvyh jo zftzo fb ghpzvlow $ov phyzfw+, kczfyyobpkjh poyjfwhmkow phyh ow hlvcow#

" Pyopoy h lfkzvyh kcjk}kjvhl phyh fwzkbvlhy pyfmfycgkhw f moybhy lfkzoyfw hvzcobow#


34/41

GHPZVLO K] " GOCWKJFYHFW MKCHKW

Pojf"wf gocglvky, gob ihwf ch hclkwf jfwwf zfbh, xvf h Lfkzvyh pfybkzf wocdhy, fcmyfczhy

bfjow, }fcgfy hcnvwzkhw, jfwfc}ol}fy h kbhnkcho, gocdfgfy ovzyhw gk}klkqhfw jhcjo hgfwwo h vbh

phyzf jh dfyhch gvlzvyhl, pokw cow fwgykzow xvf wf jfw}fcjhb ovzyhw gvlzvyhw# O pyomfwwoy jf}f wfy o

hnfczf fwzkbvlhjoy, ghif h fwgolh jhy o ftfbplo f jfwpfyzhy h gvykowkjhjf jow hlvcow# F poy kwwo xvf

lfy, wfah zhl}fq h gokwh bhkw kbpoyzhczf xvf h fwgolh zfb h fcwkchy#

H pfwxvkwh yfhlkqhjh wvynkv jh cfgfwwkjhjf jf vbh bhkoy gobpyffcwo woiyf o zyhihldo jow

pyomfwwoyfw gob yflho lfkzvyh , }kwzo xvf vb nyhcjf cbfyo jf hlvcow hpyfwfczh jkmkgvljhjfw f mhlzh

jf kczfyfwwf, jfbocwzyhcjo co zfy gocwolkjhjhw hw gobpfzcgkhw f dhiklkjhjfw jf lfkzvyh#Gocwkjfyhbow fwwf zfbh yflf}hczf, pokw h kc}fwzknho hpyomvcjhjh pjf goczykivky phyh

fczfcjfybow bfldoy, hw gobpfzcgkhw f dhiklkjhjfw jf lfkzvyh co gocwolkjhjhw pflow hlvcow, ch

bfjkjh fb xvf moycfgfv flfbfczow fwwfcgkhkw phyh hchlkw"lo f, jkhczf jf vbh jfzfybkchjh yfhlkjhjf,

gykov"wf h powwkiklkjhjf jf ky hlb jhw hphycgkhw phyh bhkoy gobpyffcwo jo pyoilfbh, kwzo , jh

zfoykh phyh h pyzkgh#


35/41

YFMFYCGKHW IKILKONYMKGHW

IHYZDFW, Yolhcj# O pyhqfy jo zftzo fj# >0 " Lkwioh1 Golfo Wkncow 6, 8;>:#

GHNLKHYK, Lvkq Ghylow# Hlmhifzkqho f lkcnwzkgh# Fj# = Wo Phvlo1 Wgkpkocf, 8;;7

GHNLKHYK, Lvkq Ghylow# Hlmhifzkqho wfb o ih, if, ik, io, iv Wo Phvlo1 Wgkpkocf, 8;;7

MOVGHBIFYZ, Afhc# H lfkzvyh fb xvfwzo Poyzo Hlfnyf1 Hyzfw Bjkghw, 8;;:#

MYFKYF, Phvlo# H kbpoyzcgkh jo hzo jf lfy1 fb zyw hyzknow xvf wf gobplfzhb# fj# 6 Wo Phvlo1Hwwogkhjow Goyzfq, 8;4:#

MYFKYF, Phvlo# Fjvgho gobo pyzkgh jh lkifyjhjf fj# 88 Yko jf Ahcfkyo1 Fjkzoyh Phq f Zfyyh,8;40#

KCMHCZF, Vlkwwfw# Jo zftzo ho zftzo1 gvywo pyzkgo jf lfkzvyh f yfjho Wo Phvlo1 Wgkpkocf,8;;4#

AOLKIFYZ, Aowfzzf# Moybhcjo gykhchw lfkzoyhw Poyzo Hlfnyf1 Hyzbfj, 8;;:#

ELFKBHC, cnflh# Zftzo f lfkzoy1 hwpfgzow gonckzk}ow jh lfkzvyh Ghbpkchw1 Poczfw, 9000#

BOYHKW, Hczcko B# P# Jkwzyikow jh hpyfcjkqhnfb1 vbh hioyjhnfb pkwkgopfjhnnkgh# Fj# > Wo Phvlo1 Fjkgoc, 8;;>#

OLK]FKYH, Hlhjf Lkwioh# Fcwkco jf lcnvh f lkzfyhzvyh Yko jf Ahcfkyo1 Gzfjyh, 8;40#

PKCDFKYO, Fjch Nobfw# H yfco}ho jh ikilkozfgh hzyh}w jo bhyefzkcn Yf}kwzh GobvckghoWogkhl# Moyzhlfqh1 }#84, c#8, p#97":9, ahc/avc, 8;44#

YWKCN, Zckh B#E# H moybho jo pyomfwwoy f h xvfwzo jh lfkzvyh Phwwo Mvcjo1 Fjkvpm# 8;;=#

Wfbkcyko jf Pfwxvkwhw jh Nyhjvho jo Kcwzkzvzo jf Fwzvjo jh Lkcnvhnfb jh Vck}fywkjhjf Fwzhjvhljf Ghbpkchw# Lcnvh, lkzfyhzvyh f fcwkco Ghbpkchw, WP1 Vckghbp, Pvilkghfw KFL, 900=#

QKIFYBHC, Yfnkch fzz hlkk# Lfkzvyh fb gykwf ch fwgolh1 hw hlzfychzk}hw jo pyomfwwoy Poyzo hlnyf1Bfyghjo Hifyzo, 8;49#

HCFTOW


36/41

HCFTO 81 Jfpokbfczo jf Hch Bhykh Whxvfzzk Ifychyjkcfllk

Bfv goczhzo gob h lfkzvyh zf}f kckgko co fcwkco mvcjhbfczhl, co 8 hco# Zk}f o pyk}klnko jf

fwzvjhy fb vb golnko ocjf ow pyomfwwoyfw wfbpyf jfyhb bvkzo }hloy how lk}yow f hw hyzfw fb nfyhl#

]kb jf vbh mhblkh xvf wfbpyf bf kcgfczk}ov h fwzvjhy bvkzo f bf jfyhb }ykhw opoyzvckjhjfw jf

goczhzo gob h lfkzvyh#

Xvhcjo mkq co}f hcow gobfgfk h fwzvjhy bwkgh f zfy goczhzo jkyfzo gob pfwwohw lknhjhw hw

hyzfw# Fwzvjfk pkhco hz bfvw 96 hcow f wfbpyf nowzfk jf whify bhkw woiyf o bvcjo jh bwkgh f

lkzfyhzvyh#

Hgdo xvf mvk vbh pfwwoh pyk}klfnkhjh, f wfk xvf o kcgfczk}o hkcjh h bfldoy moybh jf bozk}hyhw pfwwohw h zobhy nowzo pflh lfkzvyh# Gobo pyomfwwoyh nowzo jf jfwpfyzhy h gvykowkjhjf fb bfvw

hlvcow, pokw hwwkb flfw mhyo jh lfkzvyh vb bfko jf wvpyky fwzh cfgfwwkjhjf#


37/41

HCFTO 91 Jfpokbfczo jf Jhckflh Nhzolkck jf Wovqh

O bfv pykbfkyo goczhzo gob o bvcjo jh lfkzvyh f fwgykzh wf jfv jf moybh bhyghczf f

wknckmkghzk}h goczykivkcjo jf gfyzh moybh phyh h fwgoldh jfwzf zfbh1 H Lfkzvyh#

Zvjo gobfov jh wfnvkczf moybh1 o bfv phk lkh phyh bkb f bfvw kybow, zojhw hw cokzfw,

kcbfyhw dkwzykhw jf lkzfyhzvyh jf goyjfl f goczh}h oyhlbfczf ow bhkw }hykhjhw goczow popvlhyfw,

goczow jf mhjhw, mivlhw, lfcjhw, hjk}kcdhfw , wvpfywzkfw, pkhjhw f ovzyow# Lkh zhbib o

hlbhchxvf , wkncow jhw pfwwohw, dkwzykhw fb xvhjykcdow, gyvqhjkcdhw, ghh"phlh}yhw f ovzyow ncfyow#

Flf fyh vbh pfwwoh hphktochjh poy lfkzvyh f, hwwkb, zvjo xvf pfnh}h, ivlh jf yfbjko, aoychl, yzvlo jf

fbihlhnfb, lk}yow, xvhlxvfy bhzfykhl fwgykzo, lkh f ftplkgh}h phyh cw o wknckmkghjo# F bhkw1 wfbpyf xvf

pojkh gobpyh}h lk}yow f bf hpyfwfczh}h h hlnvcw fwgykzoyfw gobo Lknkh Mhnvcjfw Zfllfw xvfmyfxfczh}hb o Dozfl xvf flf zyhihldh}h# L zhbib ftkwzkh vbh iflh ikilkozfgh, f fv mkgh}h fcghczhjh

gob zhczow lk}yow#

Mok gob o bfv phk xvf fv jfwpfyzfk o nowzo pflh lfkzvyh f hpyfcjk o wknckmkghjo f h mvco jh

fwgykzh# Poyb, ch fwgolh co zk}f h opoyzvckjhjf jf bf jfwfc}ol}fy hjfxvhjhbfczf, pokw o pyogfwwo wf

jfv jf moybh womykjo ihwfhjo ch bfboykqho f jfgojkmkgho jhw phlh}yhw, o xvf bf mfq hz wfczky

bfjo jh lfkzvyh f jh fwgykzh# O xvf fv hpyfcjk moyh jh fwgolh bf mhwgkch}h, poyfb h ghyzkldh f hw

oykfczhfw ch fwgolh bhzh}hb o bfv kczfyfwwf#

Pvjf pfygfify gob h bkcdh dkwzykh jf lfkzvyh, xvf hw zyhjkfw oyhkw yfpyfwfczhb goczfjo f

yfgvywow jkjzkgow jh bfldoy xvhlkjhjf phyh zyhihldhy h oyhlkjhjf f h fwgykzh jh gykhch jf moybh

wknckmkghzk}h f bozk}hjoyh# Bhw xvf vbh moybh zhbib jf }hloykqhy h gvlzvyh popvlhy f o

gocdfgkbfczo jo hlvco f wvpfyhy hw jkmkgvljhjfw co pyogfwwo fcwkco hpyfcjkqhnfb# Pfwxvkwhw

jfbocwzyhb $Wboleh, 9007+ xvf fwwhw chyyhzk}hw powwkiklkzhb o jfwfc}ol}kbfczo jh gykhch gobo vb

zojo# Poy bfko jow goczow jow ghwow, hw gykhchw pojfb hpyfcjfy h lkjhy gob hw wvhw pypykhw fbofw

wfczkbfczo f jfwfaow, f hkcjh flhioyhb o wfv bvcjo jh kbhnkcho, kcjo hlb jo wfczkjo dhikzvhl jhw

gokwhw, hbplkhcjo o gocdfgkbfczo jf wk f jo bvcjo#

Hzvhlbfczf, fb yhqo jo zfbpo f jh gvlzvyh bojfychw, hw mhblkhw pfyjfyhb fwwfw }hloyfw, ow

phkw co zb bhkw zfbpo phyh mkghyfb avczow, lfyfb f goczhyfb dkwzykh phyh ow mkldow# Hnoyh bhkw xvf

cvcgh, h fwgolh cfgfwwkzh pyopoygkochy vb hbikfczf hlmhifzkqhjoy phyh xvf h gykhch powwh jfwfc}ol}fy


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hjfxvhjhbfczf h lfkzvyh f fwgykzh f gocwzkzvky"wf gobo lfkzoyh f fwgykzoyh f hnfczf zyhcwmoybhjoy ch

wogkfjhjf#

HCFTO 71 Jfpokbfczo jf Yfchzh Pkcdfkyo jh Wkl}h

Jf}o h bkcdh kckgkho ch lfkzvyh how bfvw phkw f bfvw kybow#

Jfwjf bvkzo pfxvfch bf kczfyfwwfk poy lk}yow f xvhlxvfy ovzyo bhzfykhl xvf goczk}fwwf lfzyhw#

Co whikh lfy cfcdvbh phlh}yh, poyb wfbpyf kc}fczh}h dkwzykhw mkcnkcjo lfy#

Cfwzh pogh bfv phk, Hczocko, fwzh}h mhqfcjo mhgvljhjf, wfbpyf xvf fwzh}h fb ghwh ow wfvw

lk}yow fwzh}hb ho wfv yfjoy f l fwzh}h fv moldfhcjo"ow f lfcjo phyh o bfv phk# Flf wfbpyf, gob

bvkzh phgkcgkh, bf ov}kh f bowzyh}h"wf kczfyfwwhjo co xvf fv jkqkh, bfwbo xvhcjo w }fqfw fwzh}hhzyhphldhcjo# Bfv phk wfbpyf mok phyh bkb vb nyhcjf kcgfczk}o lfkzvyh f how fwzvjow, pokw gob

bvkzo fwmoyo f whgykmgko gocwfnvkv gobplfzhy wfvw fwzvjow#

Bkcdh bf, Wckh, bf lf}h}h how gvlzow jf wvh knyfah f l fv wfbpyf fwzh}h gob h iilkh ov

lk}yow jf fwzvjo chw bow hzfczh ho xvf fwzh}h wfcjo lkjo, bfwbo co gobpyffcjfcjo o xvf hxvflhw

phlh}yhw wknckmkgh}hb, fv hw ov}kh f nowzh}h bvkzo# Zojhw hw }fqfw xvf hw ovzyhw pfwwohw bvjh}hb h

pnkch phyh goczkcvhyfb h lfkzvyh, fv zhbib bvjh}h mkcnkcjo lfy gob bvkzh hzfco#

O bfv kybo, Ykghyjo zyw hcow bhkw }fldo xvf fv, xvhcjo flf gobfov h myfxfczhy h fwgolh,

fv zhbib xvfykh ky avczo, hyyvbh}h hlnvcw phpfkw f lk}yow }fldow f xvfykh ky avczo, xvhcjo flf }olzh}h

f zkcdh zhyfmh fv wfczh}h gob flf ch bfwh f fwgyf}kh f lkh gob flf#

Xvhcjo bkcdh kyb, Bhykhch, chwgfv fv a fwzh}h gob > hcow f myfxfczh}h h fwgolh, h wkb, fv

bf wfczkh bvkzo kbpoyzhczf, hkcjh co whikh lfy bvkzhw phlh}yhw, poyb goczh}h dkwzykhw phyh flh

joybky, wfbpyf gob vb lk}yo chw bow#

Lfy, wfbpyf mok phyh bkb, vbh hzk}kjhjf bvkzo pyhqfyowh, mok lfcjo xvf hpyfcjk h lfy f ghjh

}fq bhkw nowzo jf lfy f mok zhbib poy fwzf bozk}o xvf fwgoldk o gvywo jf Lfzyhw, phyh xvf fv powwh

zyhcwbkzky o dikzo jh lfkzvyh phyh ovzyhw pfwwohw#


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HCFTO :1 Hpfchw 76,6& jow bvckgpkow iyhwklfkyow zb lk}yhykh#

YFNKO WKB CO

Coyzf 9:,> & >6,7 &

Coyjfwzf 9:,> & >6,7 &

Wvjfwzf 79,9 & =>,4 &

Wvl 64,0 & :9,0 &

Gfczyo"Ofwzf :7,0 & 6>,0 &


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HCFTO 61 W vbh fb ghjh gkcgo gkjhjfw iyhwklfkyh powwvk ikilkozfgh pilkgh

FBIFJ GoyflJYH^#Nyhpdkg#89

GKJHJF H

GKJHJF I GKJHJF G

GKJHJF J GKJHJF F

PHNF

PHNF 6

FBIFJ BWNyhpd#Gdhyz#4 \w

IFYCHYJKCFLLK, Hch Bhykh Whxvfzzk


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WOVQH, Jhckflh NhzolkckWKL]H, Yfchzh Pkcdfkyo

C# GhzhlonLfkzvyh Vb Bvcjo Bnkgo# Ovyo Mkco, 900=:0m

Oykfczhjoyh1 Pyom#" Bhykh Yvzd jf Ghy}hldo

Boconyhmkh $Zyhihldo jf Gocglvwo jo Gvywo jf Lfzyhw jh Mhgvljhjf jf Mklowomkh,Gkcgkhw f Lfzyhw jf Ovyo Mkco#

C#

Leitura: Um mundo magico

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