link.springer.com3A978-3-540-29805-2%2F… · Preface As all medical studentsknow,pain is the most...
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Encyclopedia of Pain
Transcript of link.springer.com3A978-3-540-29805-2%2F… · Preface As all medical studentsknow,pain is the most...
Encyclopedia of Pain
Encyclopedia of Pain
Volume 1
A–G
With 713 Figures and 211 Tables
123
Professor em. Dr. Robert F. SchmidtPhysiological InstituteUniversity of WürzburgRöntgenring 997070 Wü[email protected]
Professor Dr. William D. WillisDepartment of Neuroscience and Cell BiologyUniversity of Texas Medical Branch301 University BoulevardGalvestonTX [email protected]
ISBN-13: 978-3-540-43957-8 Springer Berlin Heidelberg New York
This publication is available also as:Electronic publication under 978-3-540-29805-2 andPrint and electronic bundle under ISBN 978-3-540-33447-7Library of Congress Control Number: 2006925866
This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specificallythe rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in other ways,and storage in data banks. Duplication of this publication or parts thereof is only permitted under the provisions of the GermanCopyright Law of September 9, 1965, in its current version, and permission for use must always be obtained from Springer-Verlag. Violations are liable for prosecution under the German Copyright Law.
Springer is part of Springer Science+Business Media
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© Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg New York 2007
The use of registered names, trademarks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement,that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use.
Product liability: The publishers cannot guarantee the accuracy of any information about the application of operative techniquesand medications contained in this book. In every individual case the user must check such information by consulting the relevantliterature.
Editor: Thomas Mager, Andrea Pillmann, HeidelbergDevelopment Editor: Michaela Bilic, Natasja Sheriff, HeidelbergProduction Editor: Frank Krabbes, HeidelbergCover Design: Frido Steinen-Broo, Spain
Printed on acid free paper SPIN: 10877912 2109fk - 5 4 3 2 1 0
Preface
As all medical students know, pain is the most common reason for a person to consult a physician. Under ordinarycircumstances, acutepain hasauseful,protectivefunction. Itdiscourages the individual fromactivities thataggravatethe pain, allowing faster recovery from tissue damage. The physician can often tell from the nature of the pain whatits source is. In most cases, treatment of the underlying condition resolves the pain. By contrast, children born withcongenital insensitivity to pain suffer repeated physical damage and die young (see Sweet WH (1981) Pain 10:275).
Pain resulting from difficult to treat or untreatable conditions can become persistent. Chronic pain “never has abiologic function but is a malefic force that often imposes severe emotional, physical, economic, and social stresseson the patient and on the family. . . ” (Bonica JJ (1990) The Management of Pain, vol 1, 2nd edn. Lea & Febiger,Philadelphia, p 19). Chronic pain can be considered a disease in its own right.
Pain is a complex phenomenon. It has been defined by the Taxonomy Committee of the International Associationfor the Study of Pain as “An unpleasant sensory and emotional experience associated with actual or potential tissuedamage, or described in terms of such damage” (Merskey H and Bogduk N (1994) Classification of Chronic Pain,2nd edn. IASP Press, Seattle). It is often ongoing, but in some cases it may be evoked by stimuli. Hyperalgesia occurswhen there is an increase in pain intensity in response to stimuli that are normally painful. Allodynia is pain thatis evoked by stimuli that are normally non-painful.
Acute pain is generally attributable to the activation of primary afferent neurons called nociceptors (SherringtonCS (1906) The Integrative Action of the Nervous System. Yale University Press, New Haven; 2nd edn, 1947). Thesesensory nerve fibers have high thresholds and respond to strong stimuli that threaten or cause injury to tissues of thebody. Chronic pain may result from continuous or repeated activation of nociceptors, as in some forms of canceror in chronic inflammatory states, such as arthritis.
However, chronic pain can also be produced by damage to nervous tissue. If peripheral nerves are injured, peripheralneuropathicpainmaydevelop.Damagetocertainpartsof thecentralnervoussystemmayresult incentralneuropathicpain. Examples of conditions that can cause central neuropathic pain include spinal cord injury, cerebrovascularaccidents, and multiple sclerosis.
Research on pain in humans has been an importantclinical topic for many years.Basic science studies were relativelyfew in number until experimental work on pain accelerated following detailed descriptions of peripheral nocicep-tors and central nociceptive neurons that were made in the 1960’s and 70’s, by the discovery of the endogenousopioid compounds and the descending pain control systems in the 1970’s and the application of modern imagingtechniques to visualize areas of the brain that are affected by pain in the 1990’s. Accompanying these advances hasbeen the development of a number of animal models of human pain states, with the goal of using these to examinepain mechanisms and also to test analgesic drugs or non-pharmacologic interventions that might prove useful forthe treatment of pain in humans. Basic research on pain now emphasizes multidisciplinary approaches, includingbehavioral testing, electrophysiology and the application of many of the techniques of modern cell and molecularbiology, including the use of transgenic animals.
The “Encyclopedia of Pain” is meant to provide a source of information that spans contemporary basic and clinicalresearch on pain and pain therapy. It should be useful not only to researchers in these fields but also to practicingphysiciansandotherhealthcareprofessionalsandtohealthcareeducatorsandadministrators.Theworkissubdividedinto 35 Fields, and the Field Editor of each of these describes the areas covered in the Fields in a brief review chapter.The topics included in a Field are the subject of a series of short essays, accompanied by key words, definitions,
VI Preface
illustrations, and a list of significant references. The number of authors who have contributed to the encyclopediaexceeds 550. The plan of the publisher, Springer-Verlag, is to produce both print and electronic versions of thisencyclopedia. Numerous links within the electronic version should make comprehensive searches easy to manage.The electronic version will be updated at sufficiently short intervals to ensure that the content remains current.
The editors thank the staff at Springer-Verlag who have provided oversight for this project, including Rolf Lange,Thomas Mager, Claudia Lange, Natasja Sheriff, and Michaela Bilic. Working with these outstanding individualshas been a pleasure.
July 2006
ROBERT F. SCHMIDT WILLIAM D. WILLIS
Würzburg, Germany Galveston, Texas, USA
Editors-in-Chief
ROBERT R. SCHMIDT
Physiological InstituteUniversity of WürzburgWü[email protected]
WILLIAM D. WILLIS
Department of Neuroscience and Cell BiologyUniversity of Texas Medical BranchGalveston, [email protected]
Field Editors
A. VANIA APKARIAN
Department of PhysiologyNorthwestern University Feinberg School of MedicineChicago, [email protected]
LARS ARENDT-NIELSEN
Laboratory for Experimental Pain ResearchCenter for Sensory-Motor InteractionAalborg [email protected]
CARLOS BELMONTE
Instituto de Neurociencias de AlicanteUniversidad Miguel Hernández-CSICSan Juan de [email protected]
PHILLIP BERRYHILL
PMG Cedar NeurosurgeryAlbuquerque, [email protected]
NIELS BIRBAUMER
Institute of Medical Psychology and BehavioralNeurobiologyUniversity of TübingenTü[email protected]
NIKOLAI BOGDUK
Department of Clinical ResearchRoyal Newcastle Hospital NewcastleUniversity of NewcastleNewcastle, [email protected]
SIR MICHAEL R. BOND
University of [email protected]
KIM J. BURCHIEL
Department of Neurological SurgeryThe Oregon Health Sciences UniversityPortland, [email protected]
KENNETH L. CASEY
Department of Neurology andDepartment of Molecular and Integrative PhysiologyUniversity of MichiganandConsultant in NeurologyVeterans Administration Medical CenterAnn Arbor, [email protected]
JIN MO CHUNG
Department of Neuroscience and Cell BiologyUniversity of Texas Medical BranchGalveston, [email protected]
MICHAEL J. COUSINS
Department of Anesthesia and Pain ManagementRoyal North Shore HospitalUniversity of SydneySt. Leonards, [email protected]
MARSHALL DEVOR
Department of Cell and Animal BiologyInstitute of Life Sciences andCenter for Research on PainHebrew University of [email protected]
X Field Editors
HANS-CHRISTOPH DIENER
Deptartment of NeurologyUniversity of [email protected]
JONATHAN O. DOSTROVSKY
Department of PhysiologyFaculty of MedicineUniversity of TorontoToronto, [email protected]
RONALD DUBNER
Department of Biomedical SciencesUniversity of MarylandBaltimore, [email protected]
HERTA FLOR
Department of Neuropsychology at theUniversity of HeidelbergCentral Institute of Mental [email protected]
GERALD F. GEBHART
Department of PharmacologyUniversity of IowaIowa City, [email protected]
GERD GEISSLINGER
Institute for Clinical Pharmacologypharmazentrum frankfurt/ZAFESClinical Centre of the Johann Wolfgang GoetheUniversity Frankfurt am [email protected]
GLENN J. GIESLER JR.Department of NeuroscienceUniversity of MinnesotaMinneapolis, [email protected]
PETER J. GOADSBY
Institute of NeurologyThe National Hospital for Neurology [email protected]
HERMANN O. HANDWERKER
Department of Physiology and PathophysiologyUniversity of Erlangen/Nü[email protected]
WILFRID JÄNIG
Physiology InstituteChristian Albrechts University [email protected]
MARTIN KOLTZENBURG
Institute of Child Health and Institute of NeurologyUniversity College [email protected]
FRED A. LENZ
Departments of NeurosurgeryJohns Hopkins UniversityBaltimore, [email protected]
ROSS MACPHERSON
Department of Anesthesia and Pain ManagementRoyal North Shore HospitalUniversity of SydneySt. Leonards, [email protected]
PATRICIA A. MCGRATH
Department of AnaesthesiaDivisional Centre of Pain Management and ResearchThe Hospital for Sick ChildrenandBrain and Behavior ProgramResearch Institute at The Hospital for Sick ChildrenandDepartment of AnaesthesiaUniversity of TorontoToronto, ONCanada
FRANK PORRECA
Departments of Pharmacology and AnesthesiologyUniversity of ArizonaHealth Sciences CenterTucson, [email protected]
Field Editors XI
RUSSELL K. PORTENOY
Department of Pain Medicine and Palliative CareBeth Israel Medical CenterNew York, [email protected]
JAMES P. ROBINSON
Department of AnesthesiologyUniversity of Washington School of MedicineSeattle, [email protected]
HANS-GEORG SCHAIBLE
Department of PhysiologyUniversity of [email protected]
BARRY J. SESSLE
Department of PhysiologyFaculty of MedicineandFaculty of DentistryUniversity of TorontoToronto, [email protected]
BENGT H. SJÖLUND
Rehabilitation and Research Centre for TortureVictimsSouth Danish [email protected]
DENNIS C. TURK
Department of AnesthesiologyUniversity of Washington School of MedicineSeattle, [email protected]
URSULA WESSELMANN
Departments of NeurologyNeurological Surgery and Biomedical EngineeringThe Johns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimore, [email protected]
GEORGE L. WILCOX
Department of NeurosciencePharmacology and DermatologyUniversity of Minnesota Medical SchoolMinneapolis, [email protected]
ROBERT P. YEZIERSKI
Department of OrthodonticsComprehensive Center for Pain Research andThe McKnight Brain InstituteUniversity of FloridaGainesville, [email protected]
List of Contributors
TIPU AAMIR
The Auckland Regional Pain ServiceAuckland HospitalAucklandNew [email protected]
CATHERINE ABBADIE
Department of PharmacologyMerck Research LaboratoriesRahway, [email protected]
FRANCES V. ABBOTT
Department of Psychiatry and PsychologyMcGill UniversityMontreal, QCCanada
HEATHER ADAMS
Department of PsychologyUniversity of MontrealMontreal, [email protected]
ROLF H. ADLER
Prof. em. MedicineKehrsatzSwitzerland
CLAIRE D. ADVOKAT
Department of PsychologyLouisiana State UniversityBaton Rouge, [email protected]
SHEFALI AGARWAL
Department of Anesthesiology and Critical CareMedicineThe Johns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimore, MDUSA
RETO M. AGOSTI
Headache Center HirlsandenZü[email protected]
HUGO VAN AKEN
Clinic and Policlinic for Anaesthesiology andoperative Intensive MedicineUniversity Hospital MünsterMünsterGermany
ELIE D. AL-CHAER
Neurobiology and Developmental SciencesCollege of MedicineUniversity of Arkansas for Medical SciencesCenter for Pain ResearchPediatricsLittle Rock, [email protected]
MARIE-CLAIRE ALBANESE
Department of PsychologyMcGill UniversityMontreal, [email protected]
KATHRYN M. ALBERS
Department of MedicineUniversity of Pittsburgh School of MedicinePittsburgh, [email protected]
TERRY ALTILIO
Department of Pain Medicine and Palliative CareBeth Israel Medical CenterNew York, [email protected]
XIV List of Contributors
RAINER AMANN
Medical University [email protected]
RON AMIR
Institute of Life Sciences andCenter for Research on PainHebrew University of [email protected]
PRAVEEN ANAND
Peripheral Neuropathy UnitImperial College LondonHammersmith [email protected]
OLE K. ANDERSEN
Department of Health Science & TechnologyCenter for Sensory-Motor InteractionAalborg [email protected]
STAN ANDERSON
Departments of NeurosurgeryJohns Hopkins UniversityBaltimore, MDUSA
WILLIAM S. ANDERSON
Department of Neurological SurgeryJohns Hopkins HospitalBaltimore, [email protected]
KARL-ERIK ANDERSSON
Departments of Clinical PharmacologyAnesthesiology and Intensive CareLund University HospitalLundSweden
FRANK ANDRASIK
University of West FloridaPensacola, [email protected]
A. VANIA APKARIAN
Department of PhysiologyFeinberg School of MedicineNorthwestern UniversityChicago, [email protected]
LARS ARENDT-NIELSEN
Laboratory for Experimental Pain ResearchCenter for Sensory-Motor InteractionAalborg [email protected]
KIRSTEN ARNDT
CNS PharmacologyPain ResearchBoehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KGBiberach/[email protected]
ERIK ASKENASY
Health Science Center at HoustonNeurobiology and AnatomyUniversity of TexasHouston, TXUSA
CHRISTOPH AUFENBERG
Functional NeurosurgeryNeurosurgical ClinicUniversity HospitalZürichSwitzerland
BEATE AVERBECK
Sanofi–Aventis Deutschland [email protected]
QASIM AZIZ
Section of GI SciencesHope HospitalUniversity of ManchesterSalfordUK
F. W. BACH
Danish Pain Research Center andDepartment of NeurologyAarhus University HospitalAarhusDenmark
List of Contributors XV
S. K. BACK
Medical Science Research Center and Department ofPhysiologyKorea University College of MedicineSeoulKorea
MISHA-MIROSLAV BACKONJA
Department of NeurologyUniversity of Wisconsin-MadisonMadison, [email protected]
CARSTEN BANTEL
Magill Department of AnaestheticsChelsea and Westminster CampusImperial College of ScienceTechnology and [email protected]
ALEX BARLING
Department of NeurologyBirmingham Muscle and Nerve CentreQueen Elizabeth [email protected]
RALF BARON
Department of Neurological Pain Research andTherapyDepartment of NeurologyChristian Albrechts University [email protected]
GORDON A. BARR
Department of PsychologyHunter CollegeGraduate CenterCity University of New YorkandDepartment of Developmental PsychobiologyNew York State Psychiatric InstituteDepartment of PsychiatryMedical CenterColumbia UniversityNew York, [email protected]
JEFFREY R. BASFORD
Department of Physical Medicine and RehabilitationMayo Clinic and Mayo FoundationRochester, [email protected]
HEINZ-DIETER BASLER
Institute of Medical PsychologyUniversity of [email protected]
MICHELE C. BATTIÉ
Department of Physical TherapyUniversity of AlbertaEdmonton, [email protected]
ULF BAUMGÄRTNER
Institute of Physiology and PathophysiologyJohannes Gutenberg UniversityMainzGermany
JOLENE D. BEAN-LIJEWSKI
Department of AnesthesiologyScott and White Memorial HospitalTemple, [email protected]
ALAIN BEAUDET
Montreal Neurological InstituteMcGill UniversityMontreal, [email protected]
LINO BECERRA
Brain Imaging CenterMcLean Hospital-Harvard Medical SchoolBelmont, [email protected]
YAAKOV BEILIN
Department of Anesthesiology and ObstetricsGynecology and Reproductive SciencesMount Sinai School of MedicineNew York, [email protected]
XVI List of Contributors
ALVIN J. BEITZ
Department of Veterinary and Biomedical SciencesUniversity of MinnesotaSt. Paul, [email protected]
MILES J. BELGRADE
Fairview Pain & Palliative CareUniversity of Minnesota Medical CenterandDepartment of NeurologyUniversity of Minnesota Medical SchoolMinneapolis, [email protected]
CARLO VALERIO BELLIENI
Neonatal Intensive Care UnitUniversity [email protected]
CARLOS BELMONTE
Instituto de Neurociencias de AlicanteUniversidad Miguel Hernández-CSICSan Juan de [email protected]
ALLAN J. BELZBERG
Department of NeurosurgeryJohns Hopkins School of MedicineBaltimore, [email protected]
FABRIZIO BENEDETTI
Department of NeuroscienceClinical and Applied Physiology ProgramUniversity of Turin Medical [email protected]
ROBERT BENNETT
Department of MedicineOregon Health and Science UniversityPortland, [email protected]
DAVID BENNETT
Department of NeurologyKing’s College [email protected]
MAURICE F. BENSIGNOR
Centre Catherine de [email protected]
EDWARD BENZEL
The Cleveland Clinic FoundationDepartment of NeurosurgeryCleveland Clinic Spine InstituteCleveland, [email protected]
DAVID A. BEREITER
Department of SurgeryBrown Medical SchoolProvidence, [email protected]
ELMAR BERENDES
Clinic and Policlinic for Anaesthesiology andoperative Intensive MedicineUniversity Hospital MünsterMü[email protected]
KAREN J. BERKLEY
Program in NeuroscienceFlorida State UniversityTallahassee, [email protected]
PETER BERLIT
Department of NeurologyAlfried Krupp [email protected]
JEAN-FRANÇOIS BERNARD
Faculté de Médecine Pitié-SalpêtrièreInstitut National de la Santé et de la RechercheMédicaleINSERM [email protected]
ANNE KJØRSVIK BERTELSEN
Department of NeurologyHaukeland University [email protected]
List of Contributors XVII
MARCELO E. BIGAL
Department of NeurologyAlbert Einstein College of MedicineBronx, NYandThe New England Center for HeadacheStamford, CTandMontefiore Headache Unit,Bronx, NYUSA
YITZCHAK M. BINIK
McGill UniversityMontreal, [email protected]
NIELS BIRBAUMER
Institute of Medical Psychology and BehavioralNeurobiologyUniversity of TübingenTü[email protected]
FRANK BIRKLEIN
Department of NeurologyUniversity of [email protected]
THOMAS BISHOP
Centre for NeuroscienceKing’s College [email protected]
HENNING BLIDDAL
The Parker InstituteFrederiksberg [email protected]
RONALD H. BLUM
Beth Israel Medical CenterNew York, [email protected]
JAMES A. BLUNK
Clinic for AnaesthesiologyUniversity of [email protected]
NIKOLAI BOGDUK
Department of Clinical ResearchRoyal Newcastle HospitalNewcastle, [email protected]
JÖRGEN BOIVIE
Department of NeurologyUniversity HospitalLinkö[email protected]
SIR MICHAEL R. BOND
University of [email protected]
RICHARD L. BOORTZ-MARX
Department of NeurosciencesGundersen Lutheran Health Care SystemLa Crosse, [email protected]
JAMES M. BOROWCZYK
Department of Orthopaedics and MusculoskeletalMedicineChristchurch Public HospitalChristchurch Clinical School of Medicine and HealthSciencesChristchurchNew [email protected]
DAVID BORSOOK
Brain Imaging CenterMcLean Hospital-Harvard Medical SchoolBelmont, MAUSA
GEORGE S. BORSZCZ
Department of PsychologyWayne State UniversityDetroit, [email protected]
JASENKA BORZAN
Department of Anesthesiology andCritical Care MedicineJohns Hopkins UniversityBaltimore, [email protected]
XVIII List of Contributors
REGINA M. BOTTING
The William Harvey Research InstituteThe John Vane Science CentreQueen Mary University of LondonSt Bartholomew’s and the London School ofMedicine and [email protected]
DAVID BOWSHER
Pain Research InstituteUniversity Hospital [email protected] or [email protected]
EMMA L. BRANDON
Royal Perth Hospital andUniversity of Western AustraliaCrawley, WAAustralia
HARALD BREIVIK
Rikshospitalet University [email protected]
CHRISTOPHER R. BRIGHAM
Brigham and Associates Inc.Portland, [email protected]
STEPHEN C. BROWN
Department of AnesthesiaDivisional Centre of Pain Management and PainResearchThe Hospital for Sick ChildrenToronto, [email protected]
JEFFREY A. BROWN
Department of Neurological SurgeryWayne State UniversitySchool of MedicineDetroit and Neurological SurgeryNY, [email protected]
EDUARDO BRUERA
Department of Palliative Care and RehabilitationMedicineThe University of Texas M. D. Anderson CancerCenterHouston, [email protected]
PABLO BRUMOVSKY
Department of NeuroscienceKarolinska InstituteStockholmSwedenandNeuroscience LaboratoryAustral UniversityBuenos AiresArgentina
KAY BRUNE
Institute for Experimental and Clinical Pharmacologyand ToxicologyFriedrich Alexander University Erlangen-Nü[email protected]
MARIA BURIAN
Pharmacological Center FrankfurtClinical Center Johann-Wolfgang Goethe [email protected]
RICHARD BURSTAL
John Hunter Royal HospitalNewcastle, [email protected]
DAN BUSKILA
Rheumatic Disease UnitFaculty of Health SciencesSoroka Medical CenterBen Gurion UniversityBeer [email protected]
CATHERINE M. CAHILL
Queen’s UniversityKingston, [email protected]
BRIAN E. CAIRNS
Faculty of Pharmaceutical SciencesUniversity of British ColumbiaVancouver, [email protected]
NIGEL A. CALCUTT
Department of PathologyUniversity of California San DiegoLa Jolla, [email protected]
List of Contributors XIX
KATHARINE ANDREWS CAMPBELL
Department of Anatomy and Developmental BiologyUniversity College [email protected]
JAMES N. CAMPBELL
Department of NeurosurgeryThe Johns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimore, [email protected]
ADAM CARINCI
Department of Anesthesiology and Critical CareMedicineThe Johns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimore, MDUSA
GIANCARLO CARLI
Department of PhysiologyUniversity of [email protected]
CHRISTER P.O. CARLSSON
Rehabilitation DepartmentLunds University [email protected]
SUSAN M. CARLTON
Marine Biomedical InstituteUniversity of Texas Medical BranchGalveston, [email protected]
KENNETH L. CASEY
Department of NeurologyUniversity of MichiganandNeurology Research LaboratoryVA Medical CenterAnn Arbor, [email protected]
CHRISTINE T. CHAMBERS
Departments of Pediatrics and PsychologyDalhousie University and IWK Health CentreHalifax, [email protected]
SANDRA CHAPLAN
Johnson & Johnson Pharmaceutical Research &DevelopmentSan Diego, [email protected]
C. RICHARD CHAPMAN
Pain Research CenterDepartment of AnesthesiologyUniversity of Utah School of MedicineSalt Lake City, [email protected]
SANTOSH K. CHATURVEDI
National Institute of Mental Health & [email protected]
ANDREW C. N. CHEN
Human Brain Mapping and Cortical ImagingLaboratoryAalborg [email protected]
ANDREA CHEVILLE
Department of Rehabilitation MedicineUniversity of Pennsylvania School of MedicinePhiladelphia, [email protected]
NAOMI L. CHILLINGWORTH
Department of PhysiologySchool of Medical SciencesUniversity of BristolBristolUK
CATHERINE CHO
Clinical Neurophysiology LaboratoriesMount Sinai Medical CenterNew York, NYUSA
EDWARD CHOW
Toronto Sunnybrook Regional Cancer CenterUniversity of TorontoToronto, [email protected]
JULIE A. CHRISTIANSON
University of PittsburghPittsburgh, [email protected]
XX List of Contributors
MACDONALD J. CHRISTIE
Pain Management Research Institute and KollingInstituteUniversity of SydneySydney, [email protected]
KYUNGSOON CHUNG
Department of Neuroscience and Cell BiologyUniversity of Texas Medical BranchGalveston, [email protected]
JIN MO CHUNG
Department of Neuroscience and Cell BiologyUniversity of Texas Medical BranchGalveston, [email protected]
W. CRAWFORD CLARK
College of Physicians and Surgeons, ColumbiaUniversityNew York, [email protected]
JUDY CLARKE
Institute for Work & HealthToronto, [email protected]
JAMES F. CLEARY
University of Wisconsin Comprehensive CancerCenterMadison, [email protected]
CHARLES S. CLEELAND
The University of Texas M. D.Anderson Cancer CenterHouston, [email protected]
JOHN DE CLERCQ
Department of Rehabilitation Sciences andPhysiotherapyGhent University HospitalGhentBelgium
TERENCE J. CODERRE
Department of AnesthesiaNeurology, Neurosurgery and PsychologyMcGill UniversityMontreal, [email protected]
ROBERT C. COGHILL
Department of Neurobiology and AnatomyWake Forest University School of MedicineWinston-Salem, [email protected]
ALAN L. COLLEDGE
Utah Labor CommissionInternational Association of Industrial AccidentBoards and CommissionsSalt Lake City, [email protected]
BEVERLY J. COLLETT
University Hospitals of [email protected]
LESLEY A. COLVIN
Department of AnaesthesiaCritical Care and Pain MedicineWestern General [email protected]
KEVIN C. CONLON
Trinity College DublinUniversity of DublinandThe Adelaide and Meath Hospital incorporatingThe National Children’s [email protected]
BRIAN Y. COOPER
Department of Oral and Maxillofacial SurgeryUniversity of FloridaGainesville, [email protected]
CHRISTINE CORDLE
University Hospitals of LeicesterLeicesterUK
List of Contributors XXI
MICHAEL J. COUSINS
Department of Anesthesia and Pain ManagementRoyal North Shore HospitalUniversity of SydneySt. Leonards, [email protected]
VERNE C. COX
Department of PsychologyUniversity of Texas at ArlingtonArlington, TXUSA
REBECCA M. CRAFT
Washington State UniversityPullman, [email protected]
KENNETH D. CRAIG
Department of PsychologyUniversity of British ColumbiaVancouver, [email protected]
GEERT CROMBEZ
Department of Experimental Clinical andHealth PsychologyGhent [email protected]
JOAN CROOK
Hamilton Health Sciences CorporationHamilton, ONCanada
GIORGIO CRUCCU
Department of Neurological SciencesLa Sapienza [email protected]
MICHELE CURATOLO
Department of AnesthesiologyDivision of Pain TherapyUniversity Hospital of [email protected]
F. MICHAEL CUTRER
Department of NeurologyMayo ClinicRochester, [email protected]
NACHUM DAFNY
Health Science Center at HoustonNeurobiology and AnatomyUniversity of TexasHouston, [email protected]
JØRGEN B. DAHL
Department of AnaesthesiologyGlostrup University [email protected]
YI DAI
Department of Anatomy and NeuroscienceHyogo College of MedicineHyogoJapan
STEFAAN VAN DAMME
Department of Experimental Clinical andHealth PsychologyGhent [email protected]
ALEXANDRE F. M. DASILVA
Martinos Center for Biomedical ImagingMassachusetts General HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolCharlestown, [email protected]
BRIAN DAVIS
University of PittsburghPittsburgh, [email protected]
KAREN D. DAVIS
University of Toronto and theToronto Western Research InstituteUniversity Health NetworkToronto, [email protected]
XXII List of Contributors
RICHARD O. DAY
Department of Physiology and PharmacologySchool of Medical SciencesUniversity of New South WalesandDepartment of Clinical PharmacologySt Vincent’s HospitalSydney, [email protected]
ISABELLE DECOSTERD
Anesthesiology Pain Research GroupDepartment of AnesthesiologyUniversity Hospital (CHUV) and Departmentof Cell Biology and MorphologyLausanne [email protected]
JOYCE A. DELEO
Dartmouth Hitchcock Medical CenterDartmouth Medical SchoolLebanon, [email protected]
A. LEE DELLON
Johns Hopkins UniversityBaltimore, [email protected]
MARSHALL DEVOR
Institute of Life Sciences andCenter for Research on PainHebrew University of [email protected]
DAVID DIAMANT
Neurological and Spinal SurgeryLincoln, [email protected]
ANTHONY H. DICKENSON
Department of PharmacologyUniversity College [email protected]
HANS-CHRISTOPH DIENER
Department of NeurologyUniversity Hospital of [email protected]
ADAM VAN DIJK
Department of AnesthesiologyQueen’s UniversityKingston General HospitalKingston, ONCanada
NATALIA DMITRIEVA
Program in NeuroscienceFlorida State UniversityTallahassee, [email protected]
REGINALD J. DOCHERTY
Wolfson Centre for Age-Related DiseasesKing’s College [email protected]
LUCY F. DONALDSON
Department of PhysiologySchool of Medical SciencesUniversity of [email protected]
HENRI DOODS
CNS PharmacologyPain ResearchBoehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co.KGBiberach/RissGermany
VICTORIA DORF
Social Security AdministrationBaltimore, [email protected]
MICHAEL J. DORSI
Department of NeurosurgeryJohns Hopkins School of MedicineBaltimore, MDUSA
List of Contributors XXIII
JONATHAN O. DOSTROVSKY
Department of PhysiologyFaculty of MedicineUniversity of TorontoToronto, [email protected]
PAUL DREYFUSS
Department of Rehabilitation MedicineUniversity of WashingtonSeattle, [email protected]
PETER D. DRUMMOND
School of PsychologyMurdoch UniversityPerth, [email protected]
RONALD DUBNER
University of MarylandDepartment of Biomedical SciencesBaltimore, [email protected]
ANNE DUCROS
Headache Emergency Department andInstitute National de la Santé et de la RechercheMédicale (INSERM)Faculté de Médecine LariboisièreLariboisière [email protected]
GARY DUNCAN
Department of PsychologyMcGill UniversityMontreal, QCCanada
MARY J. EATON
Miller School of MedicineUniversity of MiamiMiami, [email protected]
ANDREA EBERSBERGER
Department of PhysiologyFriedrich Schiller University of [email protected]
CHRISTOPHER ECCLESTON
Pain Management UnitUniversity of [email protected]
JOHN EDMEADS
Sunnybrook and Woman’s College HealthSciences CentreUniversity of TorontoToronto, [email protected]
ROBERT R. EDWARDS
Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral SciencesThe Johns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimore, [email protected]
EVAN R. EISENBERG
Department of UrologyLong Island Jewish Medical CenterNew York, NYUSA
JANET W. M. ELLIS
Department of AnaesthesiaDivisional Centre for Pain ManagementandPain ResearchThe Hospital for Sick ChildrenToronto, [email protected]
JOYCE M. ENGEL
Department of Rehabilitation MedicineUniversity of WashingtonSeattle, [email protected]
MATTHEW ENNIS
Deptartment of Anatomy and NeurobiologyUniversity of Tennessee Health Science CenterMemphis, [email protected]
EDZARD ERNST
Complementary MedicinePeninsula Medical SchoolUniversities of Exeter and [email protected]
XXIV List of Contributors
LYDIA ESTANISLAO
Clinical Neurophysiology LaboratoriesMount Sinai Medical CenterNew York, NYUSA
THOMAS EWERT
Department of Physical Medicine and RehabilitationLudwig-Maximilians UniversityMunichGermany
KERI L. FAKATA
College of Pharmacy and Pain Management CenterUniversity of UtahSalt Lake City, [email protected]
MARIE FALLON
Department of OncologyEdinburgh Cancer CenterUniversity of [email protected]
GILBERT J. FANCIULLO
Pain Management CenterDartmouth-Hitchcock Medical CenterLebanon, [email protected]
ANDREW J. FARACI
Virginia Mason Medical CenterSeattle, WAUSA
CHARLOTTE FEINMANN
Eastman Dental Institute and Department ifPsychiatry and Behavioural SciencesUniversity College [email protected]
ELIZABETH ROY FELIX
The Miami Project to Cure ParalysisUniversity of Miami Miller School of MedicineMiami, [email protected]
YI FENG
Department of AnesthesiologyPeking University People’s HospitalPekingP. R. [email protected]
ANDRES FERNANDEZ
Departments of NeurosurgeryJohns Hopkins UniversityBaltimore, MDUSA
ANTONIO VICENTE FERRER-MONTIEL
Institute of Molecular and Cell BiologyUniversity Miguel Herná[email protected]
MICHAEL FEUERSTEIN
Department of Medical and Clinical PsychologyUniformed Services University of the HealthSciencesBethesda, MDandDepartment of Preventive Medicine & BiometricsUSUHSBethesda, MDandGeorgetown University Medical CenterWashington, [email protected]
VERONIKA FIALKA-MOSER
Department of Physical Medicine and RehabilitationUniversity [email protected]
PERRY G. FINE
Pain Management and Research CenterUniversity of UtahSalt Lake City, [email protected]
DAVID J. FINK
Department of NeurologyUniversity of Michigan and VA Ann ArborHealthcare SystemAnn Arbor, [email protected]
NANNA BRIX FINNERUP
Department of Neurology andDanish Pain Research CentreAarhus University [email protected]
List of Contributors XXV
DAVID A. FISHBAIN
Department of Psychiatry and Department ofNeurological Surgery and AnesthesiologyUniversity of MiamiSchool of Medicine and H. Rosomoff PainCenter at South Shore HospitalMiami, [email protected]
PER FLISBERG
Royal Perth HospitalUniversity of Western AustraliaPerth, WAAustralia
HERTA FLOR
Department of Clinical and Cognitive NeuroscienceUniversity of HeidelbergCentral Institute of Mental [email protected]
CHRISTOPHER M. FLORES
Drug DiscoveryJohnson and Johnson Pharmaceutical Research andDevelopmentSpring House, PAUSA
WILBERT E. FORDYCE
Department of RehabilitationUniversity of Washington School of MedicineSeattle, [email protected]
ROBERT D. FOREMAN
University of Oklahoma Health Sciences CenterOklahoma City, [email protected]
GARY M. FRANKLIN
Department of Environmental and OccupationalHealth SciencesUniversity of WashingtonSeattle, WAandWashington State Department of Labor and IndustriesOlympia, [email protected]
JAN FRIDÉN
Department of Hand SurgerySahlgrenska University HospitalGö[email protected]
ALLAN H. FRIEDMAN
Division of NeurosurgeryDuke University Medical CenterDurham, NCUSA
PERRY N. FUCHS
Department of PsychologyUniversity of Texas at ArlingtonArlington, [email protected]
DEBORAH FULTON-KEHOE
Department of Health ServicesUniversity of WashingtonSeattle, WAUSA
ARNAUD FUMAL
Departments of Neurology and NeuroanatomyUniversity of LiègeCHR CitadelleLiegeBelgium
ANDREA D. FURLAN
Institute for Work & HealthToronto, ONCanada
VASCO GALHARDO
Institute of Histology and EmbryologyFaculty of Medicine of PortoUniversity of [email protected]
ANDREAS R. GANTENBEIN
Headache & Pain UnitUniversity Hospital [email protected]
ELVIRA DE LA PEÑA GARCÍA
Instituto de NeurocienciasUniversidad Miguel Herná[email protected]
XXVI List of Contributors
I. GARONZIK
Johns Hopkins Medical InstitutionsDepartment of NeurosurgeryBaltimore, MDUSA
ROBERT GASSIN
Musculoskeletal Medicine ClinicFrankston, [email protected]
ROBERT J. GATCHEL
Department of PsychologyCollege of ScienceUniversity of Texas at ArlingtonAirlington, [email protected]
GERALD F. GEBHART
Department of PharmacologyUniversity of IowaIowa City, [email protected]
GERD GEISSLINGER
Institute for Clinical Pharmacologypharmazentrum frankfurt/ZAFESClinical Centre of the Johann Wolfgang GoetheUniversity Frankfurt am [email protected]
ROBERT D. GERWIN
Department of NeurologyJohns Hopkins UniversityBethesda, [email protected]
MARIA ADELE GIAMBERARDINO
Dipartimento di Medicina e Scienzedell’InvecchiamentoUniversity of [email protected]
GLENN J. GIESLER JR
Department of NeuroscienceUniversity of MinnesotaMinneapolis, [email protected]
PHILIP L. GILDENBERG
Baylor Medical CollegeHouston, [email protected]
MYRA GLAJCHEN
Department of Pain Medicine and Palliative CareBeth Israel Medical CenterNew York, [email protected]
PETER J. GOADSBY
Institute of NeurologyThe National Hospital for Neurology [email protected]
HARTMUT GÖBEL
Kiel Pain [email protected]
PHILIPPE GOFFAUX
Faculty of MedicineNeurochirurgyUniversity of SherbrookeSherbrooke, [email protected]
ANA GOMIS
Instituto de Neurociencias de AlicanteUniversidad Miguel Hernandez-CSICSan Juan de [email protected]
VIVEKANANDA GONUGUNTA
The Cleveland Clinic FoundationDepartment of NeurosurgeryCleveland, OHUSA
GILBERT R. GONZALES
Department of NeurologyMemorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer CenterNew York, NYUSA
List of Contributors XXVII
ALLAN GORDON
Wasser Pain Management CentreMount Sinai HospitalUniversity of TorontoToronto, [email protected]
LIESBET GOUBERT
Ghent UniversityDepartment of Experimental Clinical andHealth [email protected]
JAYANTILAL GOVIND
Pain ClinicDepartment of AnaesthesiaUniversity of New South WalesSydney, [email protected]
RICHARD H. GRACELY
Ann Arbor Veterans Administration Medical CenterDepartments of Medicine-Rheumatology andNeurologyand Chronic Pain and Fatigue Research CenterUniversity of Michigan Health SystemAnn Arbor, [email protected]
GARRY G. GRAHAM
Department of Physiology and PharmacologySchool of Medical SciencesUniversity of New South WalesandDepartment of Clinical PharmacologySt. Vincent’s HospitalSydney, [email protected]
DAVID K. GRANDY
Department of Physiology and PharmacologySchool of MedicineOregon Health and Science UniversityPortland, [email protected]
THOMAS GRAVEN-NIELSEN
Laboratory for Experimental Pain ResearchCenter for Sensory-Motor Interaction (SMI)Aalborg [email protected]
BARRY GREEN
Pierce LaboratoryYale School of MedicineNew Haven, [email protected]
PAUL G. GREEN
NIH Pain Center (UCSF)University of CaliforniaSan Francisco, [email protected]
JOEL D. GREENSPAN
Department of Biomedical SciencesUniversity of Maryland Dental SchoolBaltimore, [email protected]
JOHN W. GRIFFIN
Department of NeurologyDepartments of Neuroscience and PathologyThe Johns Hopkins University School of MedicineJohns Hopkins HospitalBaltimore, [email protected]
SABINE GRÖSCH
Pharmacological Center FrankfurtClinical Center Johann-Wolfgang Goethe [email protected]
DOUGLAS P. GROSS
Department of Physical TherapyUniversity of AlbertaEdmonton, [email protected]
BLAIR D. GRUBB
Department of Cell Physiology and PharmacologyUniversity of [email protected]
RUTH ECKSTEIN GRUNAU
Centre for Community Child Health ResearchChild and Family Research InstituteandUniversity of British ColumbiaVancouver, [email protected]
XXVIII List of Contributors
MICHEL GUERINEAU
NeurosurgeryHotel DieuNantes Cedex 1France
CHRISTOPH GUTENBRUNNER
Department of Physical Medicine and RehabilitationHanover Medical [email protected]
MAIJA HAANPÄÄ
Department of Anaesthesiology and Department ofNeurosurgeryPain ClinicHelsinki University HospitalHelsinkiFinland
UTE HABEL
RWTH Aachen UniversityDepartment of Psychiatry and [email protected]
HEINZ-JOACHIM HÄBLER
FH Bonn-Rhein-SiegRheinbachGermanyheinz-joachim.haebler@fh-bonn-rhein-sieg.de
THOMAS HACHENBERG
Clinic for Anaesthesiology and Intensive TherapyOtto-von-Guericke UniversityMagdeburgGermany
NOUCHINE HADJIKHANI
Martinos Center for Biomedical ImagingMassachusetts General HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolCharlestown, [email protected]
OLE HAEGG
Department of Orthopedic SurgerySahlgren University [email protected]
BRYAN C. HAINS
The Center for Neuroscience and RegenerationResearchDepartment of NeurologyYale University School of MedicineWest Haven, [email protected]
DARRYL T. HAMAMOTO
University of MinnesotaMinneapolis, MNUSA
DONNA L. HAMMOND
Department of AnesthesiologyUniversity of IowaIowa, [email protected]
H. C. HAN
Medical Science Research Center andDepartment of PhysiologyKorea University College of MedicineSeoulKorea
HERMANN O. HANDWERKER
Department of Physiology and PathophysiologyUniversity of Erlangen/Nü[email protected]
JING-XIA HAO
Karolinska InstituteStockholmSweden
ELENI G. HAPIDOU
Department of Psychiatry andBehavioural NeurosciencesMcMaster University and Hamilton Health SciencesHamilton, [email protected]
GEOFFREY HARDING
Sandgate, [email protected]
LOUISE HARDING
Hospitals NHS Foundation TrustUniversity College [email protected]
List of Contributors XXIX
KENNETH M. HARGREAVES
Department of EndodonticsUniversity of Texas Health Science Centerat San AntonioSan Antonio, [email protected]
SARAH J. HARPER
Royal Perth Hospital andUniversity of Western AustraliaPerth, WAAustralia
D. PAUL HARRIES
Pain Care CenterSamaritan Hospital LexingtonLexington, [email protected]
S. E. HARTE
Department of Internal MedicineChronic Pain and Fatigue Research CenterRheumatology University of Michigan Health SystemAnn Arbor, [email protected]
SAMUEL J. HASSENBUSCH
The University of Texas M. D. Anderson CancerCenterHouston, [email protected]
BRIDGET E. HAWKINS
Department of Anatomy and NeurosciencesUniversity of Texas Medical BranchGalveston, [email protected]
JENNIFER A. HAYTHORNTHWAITE
Johns Hopkins UniversityBaltimore, [email protected]
JOHN H. HEALEY
Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center andWeill Medical College of Cornell UniversityNew York, [email protected]
ALICIA A. HEAPY
VA Connecticut Healthcare System and YaleUniversityWesthaven, [email protected]
ANNE M. HEFFERNAN
The Adelaide and Meath Hospital incorporatingThe National Children’s HospitalDublinIreland
MARY M. HEINRICHER
Department of Neurological SurgeryOregon Health Science UniversityPortland, [email protected]
ROBERT D. HELME
Centre for Pain ManagementSt Vincent’s HospitalMelbourne, [email protected]
ROBERT D. HERBERT
School of PhysiotherapyUniversity of SydneySydney, [email protected]
CHRISTIANE HERMANN
Department of Clinical and Cognitive Neuroscienceat the University of HeidelbergCentral Institute of Mental [email protected]
JUAN F. HERRERO
Department of PhysiologyEdificio de MedicinaUniversity of Alcalá[email protected]
AKI J. HIETAHARJU
Department of Neurology and RehabilitationPain ClinicTampere University [email protected]
XXX List of Contributors
KARIN N. WESTLUND HIGH
Department of Neuroscience and Cell BiologyUniversity of Texas Medical BranchGalveston, [email protected]
MARITA HILLIGES
Halmstad [email protected]
MAX J. HILZ
University of Erlangen-NuernbergErlangenGermanymax.hilz@neuro.imed.uni-erlangen.de
BURKHARD HINZ
Department of Experimental and ClinicalPharmacology and ToxicologyFriedrich Alexander University Erlangen-Nü[email protected]
ANTHONY R. HOBSON
Section of GI SciencesHope HospitalUniversity of [email protected]
TOMAS HÖKFELT
Department of NeuroscienceKarolinska [email protected]
ANITA HOLDCROFT
Imperial College [email protected]
SARAH V. HOLDRIDGE
Department of Pharmacology and ToxicologyQueen’s UniversityKinston, ONCanada
KJELL HOLE
University of [email protected]
GRAHAM R. HOLLAND
Department of CariologyRestorative Sciences & EndodonticsSchool of DentistryUniversity of MichiganAnn Arbor, [email protected]
ULRIKE HOLZER-PETSCHE
Department of Experimental and ClinicalPharmacologyMedical University of [email protected]
CHANG-ZERN HONG
Department of Physical Medicine and RehabilitationUniversity of California IrvineIrvine, [email protected]
S. K. HONG
Medical Science Research Center and Department ofPhysiologyKorea University College of MedicineSeoulKorea
MINORU HOSHIYAMA
Department of Integrative PhysiologyNational Institute for Physiological SciencesOkazakiJapan
FRED M. HOWARD
Department of Obstetrics and GynecologyUniversity of RochesterRochester, [email protected]
SUNG-TSANG HSIEH
Department of Anatomy and Cell BiologyNational Taiwan UniversityandDepartment of NeurologyNational Taiwan University [email protected]
JAMES W. HU
Faculty of DentistryUniversity of TorontoToronto, [email protected]
List of Contributors XXXI
CLAIRE E. HULSEBOSCH
Spinal Cord Injury ResearchUniversity of Texas Medical BranchGalveston, [email protected]
THOMAS HUMMEL
Department of OthorhinolaryngologySmell and Taste ClinicUniversity of Dresden Medical [email protected]
WALTER J. MEYER IIIDepartment of Psychiatry and Behavioral ScienceShriners Hospitals for ChildrenShriners Burns HospitalGalveston, [email protected]
ROSE-ANNE INDELICATO
Department of Pain and Palliative CareBeth Israel Medical CenterNew York, NYUSA
CHARLES E. INTURRISI
Department of PharmacologyWeill Medical College of Cornell [email protected]
KOJI INUI
Department of Integrative PhysiologyNational Institute for Physiological SciencesOkazakiJapan
SUHAYL J. JABBUR
Neuroscience ProgramFaculty of MedicineAmerican University of BeirutBeirutLebanon
CAROL JAMES
Department of Neurological SurgeryJohns Hopkins HospitalBaltimore, MDUSA
WILFRID JÄNIG
Institute of PhysiologyChristian Albrechts University [email protected]
NORA JANJAN
University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer CenterHouston, TXUSA
LUC JASMIN
Department of AnatomyUniversity of California San FranciscoSan Francisco, [email protected]
ANNE JAUMEES
Royal North Shore HospitalSt. Leonards, NSWAustralia
DANIEL JEANMONOD
Functional NeurosurgeryNeurosurgical ClinicUniversity HospitalZü[email protected]
ANDREW JEFFREYS
Department of AnaesthesiaWestern HealthMelbourne, [email protected]
TROELS S. JENSEN
Danish Pain Research Center andDepartment of NeurologyAarhus University [email protected]
MARK P. JENSEN
Department of Rehabilitation MedicineUniversity of WashingtonSeattle, [email protected]
MARK JOHNSON
Musculoskeletal PhysicianHibiscus Coast HighwayOrewaNew [email protected]
XXXII List of Contributors
MARK I. JOHNSON
School of Health and Human SciencesFaculty of HealthLeeds Metropolitan [email protected]
KURT L. JOHNSON
Department of Rehabilitation MedicineSchool of MedicineUniversity of WashingtonSeattle, [email protected]
MARK JOHNSTON
Musculoskeletal PhysicianHibiscus Coast HighwayOrewaNew [email protected]
DAVID S. JONES
Division of Adolescent Medicine and BehavioralSciencesVanderbilt University Medical CenterNashville, [email protected]
EDWARD JONES
Center for NeuroscienceUniversity of CaliforniaDavies, [email protected]
JEROEN R. DE JONG
Department of Rehabilitation and Department ofMedical PsychologyUniversity of MaastrichtandDepartment of Medical, Clinical andExperimental PsychologyMaastricht UniversityMaastrichtThe [email protected]
SVEN-ERIC JORDT
Department of PharmacologyYale University School of MedicineNew Haven, [email protected]
ELLEN JØRUM
The Laboratory of Clinical NeurophysiologyRikshospitalet [email protected]
STEFAN JUST
CNS PharmacologyPain ResearchBoehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KGBiberach/RissGermany
NOUFISSA KABLI
Department of Pharmacology and ToxicologyQueen’s UniversityKinston, ONCanada
RYUSUKE KAKIGI
Department of Integrative PhysiologyNational Institute for Physiological [email protected]
PETER C. A. KAM
Department of AnaesthesiaSt. George HospitalUniversity of New South WalesKogorah, [email protected]
GIRESH KANJI
WellingtonNew [email protected]
Z. KARIM
Royal Perth Hospital andUniversity of Western AustraliaPerth, WAAustralia
ZAZA KATSARAVA
Department of NeurologyUniversity Hospital of [email protected]
JOEL KATZ
Department of PsychologyMcGill UniversityMontreal, QCCanada
List of Contributors XXXIII
VALERIE KAYSER
NeuroPsychoPharmacologie MédecineINSERM U677Faculté de Medécine Pitié-Salpêtriè[email protected]
FRANCIS J. KEEFE
Pain Prevention and Treatment ResearchDepartment of Psychiatry and Behavioral SciencesDuke University Medical CenterDurham, [email protected]
LOIS J. KEHL
Department of AnesthesiologyUniversity of MinnesotaMinneapolis, [email protected]
WILLIAM N. KELLEY
Department of NeurologyThe University of Pennsylvania Medical SchoolPhiladelphia, PAUSA
STEPHEN KENNEDY
Nuffield Department of Obstetrics and GynaecologyUniversity of OxfordJohn Radcliffe [email protected]
ELIZABETH VAN DEN KERKHOF
Department of Community Health and EpidemiologyQueen’s UniversityKingston, [email protected]
ROBERT D. KERNS
VA Connecticut Healthcare System and YaleUniversityWesthaven, [email protected]
SANJAY KHANNA
Department of PhysiologyNational University of [email protected]
KOK E. KHOR
Department of Pain ManagementPrince of Wales HospitalRandwick, [email protected]
H. J. KIM
Department of Life ScienceYonsei University Wonju CampusWonjuKorea
Y. I. KIM
Medical Science Research Center and Departmentof PhysiologyKorea University College of MedicineSeoulKorea
WADE KING
Department of Clinical ResearchRoyal Newcastle HospitalUniversity of NewcastleNewcastle, [email protected]
K. L. KIRSH
Markey Cancer CenterUniversity of Kentucky College of MedicineLexington, KYUSA
RICARDO J. KOMOTAR
Department of Neurological SurgeryNeurological InstituteColumbia UniversityNew York, NYUSA
RHONDA K. KOTARINOS
Long Grove, [email protected]
KATALIN J. KOVÁCS
Department of Veterinary and Biomedical SciencesUniversity of MinnesotaSt. Paul, MNUSA
MALGORZATA KRAJNIK
St. Elizabeth HospiceIpswichSuffolkUK
XXXIV List of Contributors
AJIT KRISHNANEY
The Cleveland Clinic FoundationDepartment of NeurosurgeryCleveland, OHUSA
GREGORY KROH
Utah Labor CommissionInternational Association of Industrial AccidentBoards and CommissionsSalt Lake City, UTUSA
M. M. TER KUILE
Department of GynecologyLeiden University Medical CenterLeidenThe Netherlands
ALICE KVÅLE
Section for Physiotherapy ScienceDepartment of Public Health and PrimaryHealth CareFaculty of MedicineUniversity of [email protected]
ANTOON F. C. DE LAAT
Department of Oral/Maxillofacial SurgeryCatholic University of [email protected]
JEAN-JACQUES LABAT
Neurology and RehabilitationClinique UrologiqueNantes Cedex 1France
GASTON LABRECQUE
Faculty of PharmacyUniversité LavalQuebec CityMontreal, [email protected]
MARCO LACERENZA
Scientific Institute San RaffaelePain Medicine CenterMilanoItaly
URI LADABAUM
Division of GastroenterologyUniversity of CaliforniaSan Francisco, [email protected]
MARIE ANDREE LAHAIE
McGill UniversityMontreal, QCCanada
MIGUEL J. A. LÁINEZ-ANDRÉS
Department of NeurologyUniversity of [email protected]
TIMOTHY R. LAIR
Department of AnesthesiologyUniversity of Vermont College of MedicineBurlington, VTUSA
ROBERT H. LAMOTTE
Department of AnesthesiologyYale School of MedicineNew Haven, [email protected]
JAMES W. LANCE
Institute of Neurological SciencesPrince of Wales Hospital and University ofNew South WalesSydney, [email protected]
ROBERT G. LARGE
The Auckland Regional Pain ServiceAuckland HospitalAucklandNew [email protected]
ALICE A. LARSON
Department of Veterinary and Biomedical SciencesUniversity of MinnesotaSt. Paul, [email protected]
PETER LAU
Department of Clinical ResearchRoyal Newcastle HospitalUniversity of NewcastleNewcastle, [email protected]
List of Contributors XXXV
STEFAN A. LAUFER
Institute of PharmacyEberhard-Karls University of [email protected]
GILES J. LAVIGNE
Facultés de Médecine Dentaire et de MédecineUniversité de MontréalMontréal, [email protected]
PETER G. LAWLOR
Our Lady’s HospiceMedical [email protected]
MICHEL LAZDUNSKI
Institut de Pharmacologie Moleculaire et CellulaireValbonneFrance
VINCENCO DI LAZZARO
FENNSI GroupNational Hospital of ParapléjicosSESCAM Finca “La Peraleda”ToledoSpain
MAAIKE LEEUW
Department of MedicalClinical and Experimental PsychologyMaastricht UniversityMaastrichtThe [email protected]
SIRI LEKNES
Pain Imaging Neuroscience (PaIN) GroupDepartment of Physiology, Anatomy and GeneticsandCentre for Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging ofthe BrainOxford [email protected]
TOBIAS LENIGER
Department of NeurologyUniversity [email protected]
FREDERICK A. LENZ
Department of NeurosurgeryJohns Hopkins HospitalBaltimore, [email protected]
PAULINE LESAGE
Department of Pain Medicine and Palliative CareBeth Israel Medical Center andAlbert Einstein College of MedicineNew York, [email protected]
ISOBEL LEVER
Neural Plasticity UnitInstitute of Child HealthUniversity College [email protected]
KHAN W. LI
Department of NeurosurgeryJohns Hopkins HospitalBaltimore, MDUSA
ALAN R. LIGHT
Department of AnesthesiologyUniversity of UtahSalt Lake City, [email protected]
DEOLINDA LIMA
Instituto de Histologia e EmbriologiaFaculdade de Medicina da Universidade do [email protected]
VOLKER LIMMROTH
Department of NeurologyUniversity of [email protected]
STEVEN J. LINTON
Department of Occupational andEnvironmental MedicineDepartment of Behavioral, Social and Legal SciencesÖrebro University HospitalÖ[email protected]
XXXVI List of Contributors
CHRISTINA LIOSSI
School of PsychologyUniversity of Southampton and Great OrmondStreet Hospital for Sick [email protected]
ARTHUR G. LIPMAN
College of Pharmacy and Pain ManagementCenterUniversity of UtahSalt Lake City, [email protected]
RICHARD B. LIPTON
Departments of Neurology, Epidemiology andPopulation HealthAlbert Einstein College of Medicineand Montefiore Headache UnitBronxNew York, [email protected]
KENNETH M. LITTLE
Division of NeurosurgeryDuke University Medical CenterDurham, [email protected]
SPENCER S. LIU
Virginia Mason Medical CenterSeattle, [email protected]
ANNE ELISABETH LJUNGGREN
Section for Physiotherapy ScienceDepartment of Public Health and Primary Health CareFaculty of MedicineUniversity of [email protected]
JOHN D. LOESER
Department of Neurological SurgeryUniversity of WashingtonSeattle, [email protected]
PATRICK LOISEL
Disability Prevention Research and Training CentreUniversité de SherbrookeLongueuil, [email protected]
ELISA LOPEZ-DOLADO
FENNSI GroupNational Hospital of ParapléjicosSESCAM Finca “La Peraleda”ToledoSpain
JÜREGEN LORENZ
Hamburg University of Applied [email protected]
JÖRN LÖTSCH
Institute for Clinical PharmacologyPharmaceutical Center FrankfurtJohann Wolfgang Goethe [email protected]
DAYNA R. LOYD
Center for Behavioral NeuroscienceGeorgia State UniversityAtlanta, GAUSA
DAVID LUSSIER
McGill UniversityMontreal, [email protected]
STEPHEN LUTZ
Blanchard Valley Regional Cancer CenterFindlay, OHUSA
BRUCE LYNN
Department of PhysiologyUniversity College [email protected]
ROSS MACPHERSON
Department of Anesthesia and Pain ManagementUniversity of SydneySydney, [email protected]
List of Contributors XXXVII
MICHEL MAGNIN
INSERMNeurological HospitalLyonFrance
THORSTEN J. MAIER
Pharmacological Center FrankfurtClinical Center Johann-Wolfgang Goethe UniversityFrankfurtGermany
STEVEN F. MAIER
Department of Psychology and the Center forNeuroscienceUniversity of Colorado at BoulderBoulder, COUSA
CHRIS J. MAIN
University of [email protected]
MARZIA MALCANGIO
Wolfson CARD King’s College [email protected]
PAOLO L. MANFREDI
Essex Woodlands Health VenturesNew York, [email protected]
KAISA MANNERKORPI
Department of Rheumatology andInflammation ResearchSahlgrenska AcademyGöteborg UniversityGö[email protected]
BARTON H. MANNING
Amgen Inc.Thousand Oaks, [email protected]
PATRICK W. MANTYH
Department Prevential ScienceUniversity of MinnesotaMinneapolis, [email protected]
JIANREN MAO
Pain Research GroupMGH Pain CenterandDepartment of Anesthesia and Critical CareMassachusetts General HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolBoston, [email protected]
SERGE MARCHAND
Faculty of MedicineNeurochirurgyUniversity of SherbrookeSherbrooke, [email protected]
PAOLO MARCHETTINI
Pain Medicine CenterScientific Institute San [email protected]
PEGGY MASON
Department of NeurobiologyPharmacology and PhysiologyUniversity of ChicagoChicago, [email protected]
SCOTT MASTERS
Caloundra Spinal and Sports Medicine CentreCaloundra, [email protected]
LAURENCE E. MATHER
Department of Anaesthesia and Pain ManagementUniversity of Sydney atRoyal North Shore HospitalSydney, [email protected]
MERVYN MAZE
Magill Department of AnaestheticsChelsea and Westminster CampusImperial College of Science, Technology andMedicine, London, [email protected]
XXXVIII List of Contributors
BILL MCCARBERG
Pain ServicesKaiser Permanente and Univesrity of CaliforniaSchool of MedicineSan Diego, [email protected]
JOHN S. MCDONALD
Department of AnesthesiologyObstetrics and GynecologyTorrance, [email protected]
PATRICIA A. MCGRATH
Department of AnaesthesiaDivisional Centre of Pain Management and ResearchThe Hospital for Sick ChildrenandBrain and Behavior ProgramResearch Institute at The Hospital for Sick ChildrenandDepartment of AnaesthesiaUniversity of TorontoToronto, [email protected]
BRIAN MCGUIRK
Occupational (Musculoskeletal) MedicineHunter Area Health ServiceNewcastle, [email protected]
GREG MCINTOSH
Canadian Back InstituteToronto, [email protected]
PETER MCINTYRE
Department of PharmacologyUniversity of MelbourneMelbourne, [email protected]
PETER A. MCNAUGHTON
Department of PharmacologyUniversity of [email protected]
J. MARK MELHORN
Section of OrthopaedicsDepartment of SurgeryUniversity of Kansas School of MedicineWichita, [email protected]
RONALD MELZACK
Department of PsychologyMcGill UniversityMontreal, [email protected]
LORNE M. MENDELL
Department of Neurobiology and BehaviorState University of New York at Stony BrookStony Brook, [email protected]
GEORGE MENDELSON
Department of Psychological MedicineMonash University and Caulfield Pain Management &Research CentreCaulfield General Medical CentreCaulfield, [email protected]
DANIEL MENÉTREY
CNRSUniversité René DescartesBiomé[email protected]
SIEGFRIED MENSE
Institute for Anatomy and Cell Biology IIIUniversity [email protected]
SEBASTIANO MERCADANTE
La Maddalena Cancer Pain Relief & PalliativeCare Unit [email protected]
SUSAN MERCER
School of Biomedical SciencesUniversity of QueenslandBrisbane, [email protected]
List of Contributors XXXIX
HAROLD MERSKEY
Department of PsychiatryUniversity of Western OntarioLondon, ONCanada
KARL MESSLINGER
University of Erlangen-NürnbergNü[email protected]
RICHARD A. MEYER
Department of NeurosurgergySchool of MedicineJohns Hopkins UniversityBaltimore, [email protected]
BJÖRN A. MEYERSON
Department of Clinical NeuroscienceSection of NeurosurgeryKarolinska Institute/University [email protected]
MARTIN MICHAELIS
Sanofi-Aventis Deutschland GmbHFrankfurt/[email protected]
JUDITH A. MIKACICH
Department of Obstetrics and GynecologyUniversity of CaliforniaLos Angeles Medical CenterLos Angeles, [email protected]
KENSAKU MIKI
Department of Integrative PhysiologyNational Institute for Physiological SciencesOkazakiJapan
VJEKOSLAV MILETIC
School of Veterinary MedicineUniversity of Wisconsin-MadisonMadison, [email protected]
ERIN D. MILLIGAN
Department of Psychology and theCenter for NeuroscienceUniversity of ColoradoBoulder, [email protected]
ADRIAN MIRANDA
Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology andPediatric GastroenterologyMedical College of WisconsinMilwaukee, WIUSA
J. MOCCO
Department of Neurological SurgeryNeurological InstituteColumbia UniversityNew York, NYUSA
JEFFREY S. MOGIL
Department of PsychologyMcGill UniversityMontreal, [email protected]
HARVEY MOLDOFSKY
Sleep Disorders ClinicCentre for Sleep and ChronobiologyToronto, [email protected]
ROBERT M. MOLDWIN
Department of UrologyLong Island Jewish Medical CenterNew York, NYUSA
DEREK C. MOLLIVER
Department of MedicineUniversity of Pittsburgh School of MedicinePittsburgh, PAUSA
LENAIC MONCONDUIT
INSERMUniversity of Clermont-FerrandClermont-FerrandFrance
JACQUELINE MONTAGNE-CLAVEL
InsermParisFrance
XL List of Contributors
ROBERT D. MOOTZ
Department of Environmental and OccupationalHealth SciencesWashington State Department of Labor and IndustriesOlympia, WAUSA
ANNE MOREL
Functional NeurosurgeryNeurosurgical ClinicUniversity HospitalZürichSwitzerland
ANNE MORINVILLE
Montreal Neurological InstituteMcGill UniversityMontreal, [email protected]
STEPHEN MORLEY
Academic Unit of Psychiatry and Behavioral SciencesUniversity of [email protected]
DAVID B. MORRIS
University of VirginiaCharlottesville, [email protected]
JOACHIM MÖSSNER
Medical Clinic and Policlinic IIUniversity Clinical Center Leipzig Aö[email protected]
ERIC A. MOULTON
Program in NeuroscienceUniversity of MarylandBaltimore, [email protected]
ANNE Z. MURPHY
Center for Behavioral NeuroscienceGeorgia State UniversityAtlanta, [email protected]
PAUL M. MURPHY
Department of Anaesthesia and Pain ManagementRoyal North Shore HospitalSt. Leonard’s, [email protected]
ALISON MURRAY
Foothills Medical CenterCalgary, [email protected]
H. S. NA
Medical Science Research Center andDepartment of PhysiologyKorea University College of [email protected]
DAISUKE NAKA
Department of Integrative PhysiologyNational Institute for Physiological SciencesOkazakiJapan
YOSHIO NAKAMURA
Pain Research CenterDepartment of AnesthesiologyUniversity of Utah School of MedicineSalt Lake City, UTUSA
MATTI V. O. NÄRHI
Department of PhysiologyUniversity of [email protected]
H.J. W. NAUTA
University of Texas Medical BranchGalveston, [email protected]
LUCIA NEGRI
Department of Human Physiology and PharmacologyUniversity “La Sapienza” of [email protected]
GARY NESBIT
Department of RadiologyOregon Health and Science UniversityPortland, [email protected]
List of Contributors XLI
TIMOTHY NESS
Department of AnesthesiologyUniversity of Alabama at BirminghamBirmingham, [email protected]
VOLKER NEUGEBAUER
Department of Neuroscience and Cell BiologyUniversity of Texas Medical BranchGalveston, [email protected]
LAWRENCE C. NEWMAN
Albert Einstein College of MedicineNew York, [email protected]
CHARLES NG
Musculoskeletal Medicine SpecialistAustralasian Faculty of Musculoskeletal MedicineAucklandNew [email protected]
MICHAEL K. NICHOLAS
Pain Management and Research CentreRoyal North Shore HospitalUniversity of SydneySt. Leonards, [email protected]
ELLEN NIEDERBERGER
Pharmacological Center FrankfurtClinical Center Johann-Wolfgang Goethe [email protected]
LONE NIKOLAJSEN
Department of AnaesthesiologyAarhus University [email protected]
DONALD R. NIXDORF
Department of Diagnostic and Biological SciencesSchool of DentistryUniversity of MinnesotaMinneapolis, [email protected]
CARL E. NOE
Baylor University Medical CenterTexas Tech University Health Science CenterLubbock, TXUSA
KOICHI NOGUCHI
Department of Anatomy and NeuroscienceHyogo College of MedicineHyogoJapan
RICHARD B. NORTH
NeurosurgeryThe Johns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimore, [email protected]
TURO J. NURMIKKO
Department of Neurological Science and PainResearch InstituteUniversity of [email protected]
ANNE LOUISE OAKLANDER
Nerve Injury UnitDepartments of Anesthesiology, Neurology andNeuropathologyMassachusetts General HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolBoston, [email protected]
KOICHI OBATA
Department of Anatomy and NeuroscienceHyogo College of [email protected]
TIM F. OBERLANDER
Division of Developmental PediatricsCentre for Community Child Health Research andThe University of British ColumbiaVancouver, [email protected]
BRUNO OERTEL
Institute for Clinical PharmacologyPharmaceutical Center FrankfurtJohann Wolfgang Goethe UniversityFrankfurtGermany
XLII List of Contributors
ALFRED T. OGDEN
Deptartment of Neurological SurgeryNeurological InstituteColumbia UniversityNew York, NYUSA
PETER T. OHARA
Department of AnatomyUniversity of California San FranciscoSan Francisco, [email protected]
SHINJI OHARA
Departments of NeurosurgeryJohns Hopkins UniversityBaltimore, MDUSA
AKIKO OKIFUJI
Department of Anesthesiology, Psychology andClinical PharmacyUniversity of UtahSalt Lake City, [email protected]
JEAN-LOUIS OLIVÉRAS
ANTONIO OLIVIERO
FENNSI GroupNational Hospital of ParapléjicosSESCAM Finca “La Peraleda” [email protected]
GUNNAR L. OLSSON
Pain Treatment ServicesAstrid Lindgren Children’s Hospital/[email protected]
P. B. OSBORNE
Pain Management Research Institute andKolling InstituteUniversity of SydneySydney, NSWAustralia
MICHAEL H. OSSIPOV
Department of PharmacologyUniversity of ArizonaHealth Sciences CenterTucson, [email protected]
SEAN O’MAHONY
Montefiore Medical Center andAlbert Einstein College of MedicineBronxNew York, [email protected]
DEBORAH A. O’ROURKE
College of Nursing and Health SciencesUniversity of VermontBurlington, [email protected]
JUDITH A. PAICE
Division of Hematology-OncologyNorthwestern UniversityFeinberg School of MedicineChicago, [email protected]
JUAN A. PAREJA
Department of NeurologyFundación Hospital Alcorcó[email protected]
ANA M. PASCUAL-LOZANO
Clinical HospitalUniversity of ValenciaValenciaSpain
STEVEN D. PASSIK
Markey Cancer CenterUniversity of Kentucky College of MedicineLexington, [email protected]
GAVRIL W. PASTERNAK
Department of NeurologyMemorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer CenterNew York, [email protected]
List of Contributors XLIII
S. H. PATEL
Department of NeurosurgeryJohns Hopkins HospitalBaltimore, MDUSA
ELLIOT M. PAUL
Department of UrologyLong Island Jewish Medical CenterNew York, [email protected]
KEVIN PAUZA
Tyler Spine and Joint HospitalTyler, [email protected]
ERIC M. PEARLMAN
Pediatric EducationMercer University School of MedicineSavannah, [email protected]
ELVIRA DE LA PEÑA
Instituto de Neurociencias de AlicanteUniversidad Miguel Herná[email protected]
YUAN BO PENG
Department of PsychologyUniversity of Texas at ArlingtonArlington, TXUSA
JOSE PEREIRA
Foothills Medical CenterCalgary, [email protected]
EDWARD PERL
Department of Cell and Molecular PhysiologySchool of MedicineUniversity of North CarolinaChapel Hill, [email protected]
ANTTI PERTOVAARA
Department of PhysiologyUniversity of [email protected]
PRAMIT PHAL
Department of RadiologyOregon Health and Science UniversityPortland, ORUSA
ISSY PILOWSKY
Emeritus Professor of PsychiatryUniversity of AdelaideAdelaide, [email protected]
LEON PLAGHKI
Cliniques Universitaires St. [email protected]
MARKUS PLONER
Department of NeurologyHeinrich–Heine–UniversityDü[email protected]
ESTHER M. POGATZKI-ZAHN
Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive CareMedicineUniversity [email protected]
K. M. POLLOCK
Royal Perth Hospital andUniversity of Western AustraliaCrawley, WAAustralia
MICHAEL POLYDEFKIS
Department of NeurologyThe Johns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimore, [email protected]
JAMES D. POMONIS
Algos Therapeutics Inc.St. Paul, [email protected]
XLIV List of Contributors
DIETER PONGRATZ
Friedrich Baur InstituteMedical Faculty at the Neurological Clinic andPoliclinicLudwig Maximilians [email protected]
FRANK PORRECA
Department of PharmacologyCollege of MedicineUniversity of ArizonaTucson, [email protected]
RUSSELL K. PORTENOY
Department of Pain and Palliative CareBeth Israel Medical CenterNew York, [email protected]
IAN POWER
Anaesthesia Critical Care and Pain MedicineUniversity of [email protected]
DONALD D. PRICE
Department of Oral and Maxillofacial SurgeryUniversity of FloridaGainesville, [email protected]
HERBERT K. PROUDFIT
Department of AnesthesiologyUniversity of IowaIowa, [email protected]
REBECCA W. PRYOR
Pain Prevention and Treatment ResearchDepartment of Psychiatry and Behavioral SciencesDuke University Medical CenterDurham, NCUSA
DARYL PULLMAN
Medical EthicsMemorial University of NewfoundlandSt. John’s, [email protected]
CHAO QIN
Health Sciences CenterUniversity of OklahomaOklahoma City, OKUSA
YUNHAI QIU
Department of Integrative PhysiologyNational Institute for Physiological SciencesOkazakiJapan
MICHAEAL QUITTAN
Department of Physical Medicine and RehabilitationKaiser-Franz-Joseph [email protected]
RAYMOND M. QUOCK
Department of Pharmaceutical SciencesWashington State UniversityPullman, [email protected]
GABOR B. RACZ
Baylor University Medical CenterTexas Tech University Health Science CenterLubbock, [email protected]
LUKAS RADBRUCH
Department of Palliative MedicineUniversity of [email protected]
ROBERT B. RAFFA
Department of PharmacologyTemple University School of PharmacyPhiladelphia, [email protected]
VASUDEVA RAGHAVENDRA
Algos Therapeutics Inc.Saint Paul, [email protected]
FRANCINE RAINONE
Montefiore Medical Center and Albert EinsteinCollege of MedicineBronxNew York, [email protected]
List of Contributors XLV
PIERRE RAINVILLE
Department of StomatologyUniversity of MontrealMontreal, [email protected]
SRINIVASA N. RAJA
Department of Anesthesiology andCritical Care MedicineThe Johns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimore, [email protected]
ALAN RANDICH
University of AlabamaBirmingham, [email protected]
ANDREA J. RAPKIN
Department of Obstetrics and GynecologyUniversity of CaliforniaLos Angeles Medical CenterLos Angeles, [email protected]
Z. HARRY RAPPAPORT
Department of NeurosurgeryRabin Medical CenterTel-Aviv UniversityPetah [email protected]
MATTHEW N. RASBAND
University of Connecticut Health CenterFarmington, [email protected]
DOUGLAS RASMUSSON
Department of Physiology and BiophysicsDalhousie UniversityHalifax, NSCanada
JAMES P. RATHMELL
Department of AnesthesiologyUniversity of Vermont College of MedicineBurlington, [email protected]
K. RAVISHANKAR
The Headache and Migraine ClinicJaslok Hospital and Research CentreLilavati Hospital and Research [email protected]
KE REN
Department of Biomedical SciencesUniversity of MarylandBaltimore, [email protected]
CIELITO C. REYES-GIBBY
The University of Texas M. D. Anderson CancerCenterHouston, [email protected]
REBECCA PILLAI RIDDELL
York University andThe Hospital for Sick KidsToronto, [email protected]
MATTHIAS RINGKAMP
Department of NeurosurgerySchool of MedicineJohns Hopkins UniversityBaltimore, [email protected]
MARGARITA SANCHEZ DEL RIO
Neurology DepartmentHospital Ruber [email protected]
DANIEL RIRIE
Department of RadiologyOregon Health and Science UniversityPortland, ORUSA
PIERRE J. M. RIVIÈRE
Ferring Research InstituteSan Diego, [email protected]
XLVI List of Contributors
ROGER ROBERT
NeurosurgeryHotel DieuNantes Cedex 1France
JAMES P. ROBINSON
University of Washington Pain CenterUniversity of WashingtonSeattle, [email protected]
JOHN ROBINSON
Pain Management ClinicBurwood HospitalChristchurchNew [email protected]
HEATHER L. ROGERS
Department of Medical and Clinical PsychologyUniformed Services University of the Health SciencesBethesda, MDUSA
DAVID ROSELT
Aberdovy ClinicBundaberg, [email protected]
SHLOMO ROTSHENKER
Department of Anatomy & Cell BiologyFaculty of MedicineHebrew University of [email protected]
PAUL C. ROUSSEAU
VA Medical CenterPhoenix, [email protected]
RANJAN ROY
Faculty of Social Work andDepartment of Clinical Health PsychologyFaculty of MedicineUniversity of ManitobaWinnipeg, [email protected]
CAROLINA ROZA
Institute of NeuroscienceUniversity Miguel Herná[email protected]
TODD D. ROZEN
Michigan Head-Pain and Neurological InstituteAnn Arbor, [email protected]
ROMAN RUKWIED
Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive CareMedicineFaculty of Clinical Medicine MannheimUniversity of HeidelbergMannheimGermanyroman.rukwied@anaes.ma.uni-heidelberg.de
I. JON RUSSELL
Division of Clinical Immunology and RheumatologyDepartment of MedicineThe University of Texas Health Science CenterSan Antonio, [email protected]
NAYEF E. SAADÉ
Neuroscience ProgramFaculty of MedicineAmerican University of [email protected]
MARY ANN C. SABINO
Department Prevential ScienceUniversity of MinnesotaMinneapolis, MNUSA
THOMAS E. SALT
Institute of OphthalmologyUniversity College [email protected]
A. SAMDANI
Department of NeurosurgeryJohns Hopkins Medical InstitutionsBaltimore, MDUSA
List of Contributors XLVII
JÜRGEN SANDKÜHLER
Department of NeurophysiologyCenter for Brain ResearchMedical University of [email protected]
PETER S. SÁNDOR
Headache & Pain UnitUniversity Hospital ZurichZü[email protected]
JOHANNES SARNTHEIN
Functional NeurosurgeryNeurosurgical ClinicUniversity HospitalZürichSwitzerland
SUSANNE K. SAUER
Department of Physiology and PathophysiologyUniversity of [email protected]
JANA SAWYNOK
Department of PharmacologyDalhousie UniversityHalifax, NFCanada
JOHN W. SCADDING
The National Hospital for Neurology [email protected]
M. SCHÄFER
Clinic for Anesthesiology andOperative Intensive MedicineCharité-University Clinical Center BerlinCampus Benjamin [email protected]
HANS-GEORG SCHAIBLE
Department of PhysiologyFriedrich Schiller University of [email protected]
JÖRN SCHATTSCHNEIDER
Department of NeurologyUniversity Hospital Schleswig-HolsteinKielGermanyj.schattschneider@neurologie.uni-kiel.de
NEIL SCHECHTER
Department of PediatricsUniversity of Connecticut School of Medicine andPain Relief ProgramConnecticut Children’s Medical CenterHartford, [email protected]
STEVEN S. SCHERER
Department of NeurologyThe University of Pennsylvania Medical SchoolPhiladelphia, [email protected]
MARTIN SCHMELZ
Institute of AnaesthesiologyOperative Intensive Medicine and Pain ResearchFaculty for Clinical Medicine MannheimUniversity of HeidelbergMannheimGermanymartin.schmelz@anaes.ma.uni-heidelberg.de
ROBERT F. SCHMIDT
Institute of PhysiologyUniversity of WürzburgWü[email protected]
SUZAN SCHNEEWEISS
The Hospital for Sick Children andThe University of TorontoToronto, [email protected]
FRANK SCHNEIDER
RWTH Aachen UniversityDepartment of Psychiatry and [email protected]
ALFONS SCHNITZLER
Department of NeurologyHeinrich Heine UniversityDüsseldorfGermany
XLVIII List of Contributors
JEAN SCHOENEN
Departments of Neurology and NeuroanatomyUniversity of LiègeCHR [email protected]
EVA SCHONSTEIN
School of PhysiotherapyFaculty of Health ScienceThe University of SydneyLidcombeSydney, [email protected]
JENS SCHOUENBORG
Section for NeurophysiologyDepartment of Physiological SciencesLund [email protected]
STEPHAN A. SCHUG
Royal Perth Hospital andUniversity of Western AustraliaPerth, [email protected]
ANTHONY C. SCHWARZER
Faculty of Medicine and Health SciencesThe University of NewcastleNewcastle, [email protected]
ZE’EV SELTZER
Centre for the Study of PainFaculty of DentistryUniversity of TorontoToronto, ONCanada
PETER SELWYN
Montefiore Medical Center andAlbert Einstein College of MedicineBronxNew York, [email protected]
PATRICK B. SENATUS
Deptartment of Neurological SurgeryNeurological InstituteColumbia UniversityNew York, NYUSA
JYOTI N. SENGUPTA
Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology andPediatric GastroenterologyMedical College of WisconsinMilwaukee, [email protected]
MARIANO SERRAO
Department of Neurology and OtorinolaringoiatryUniversity of Rome La [email protected]
BARRY J. SESSLE
Department of PhysiologyFaculty of MedicineandFaculty of DentistryUniversity of TorontoToronto, [email protected]
VIRGINIA S. SEYBOLD
Department of NeuroscienceUniversity of MinnesotaMinneapolis, [email protected]
T. SHAH
Royal Perth Hospital andUniversity of Western AustraliaCrawley, WAAustralia
REZA SHAKER
Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology andPediatric GastroenterologyMedical College of WisconsinMilwaukee, WIUSA
YAIR SHARAV
Department of Oral MedicineSchool of Dental MedicineHebrew [email protected]
MARNIE SHAW
Brain Imaging CenterMcLean Hospital-Harvard Medical SchoolBelmont, MAUSA
List of Contributors XLIX
S. MURRAY SHERMAN
Department of NeurobiologyState University of New YorkStony Brook, [email protected]
YOSHIO SHIGENAGA
Department of Oral Anatomy and NeurobiologyOsaka [email protected]
EDWARD A. SHIPTON
Department of AnaesthesiaChristchurch School of MedicineUniversity of OtagoChristchurchNew [email protected]
YORAM SHIR
Pain CentreDepartment of AnesthesiaMcGill University Health CentreMontreal General HospitalMontreal, [email protected]
PETER SHRAGER
Deptartment of Neurobiology and AnatomyUniversity of Rochester Medical CenterRochester, [email protected]
MARC J. SHULMAN
VA Connecticut Healthcare SystemYale UniversityNew Haven, [email protected]
DAVID M. SIBELL
Comprehensive Pain CenterOregon Health and Science UniversityPortland, [email protected]
PHILIP J. SIDDALL
Pain Management Research InstituteRoyal North Shore HospitalUniversity of SydneySydney, [email protected]
STEPHEN D. SILBERSTEIN
Jefferson Medical CollegeThomas Jefferson University andJefferson Headache CenterThomas Jefferson University HospitalPhiladelphia, [email protected]
DONALD A. SIMONE
University of MinnesotaMinneapolis, [email protected]
DAVID G. SIMONS
Department of Rehabilitation MedicineEmory UniversityAtlanta, [email protected]
DAVID SIMPSON
Clinical Neurophysiology LaboratoriesMount Sinai Medical CenterNew York, [email protected]
MARC SINDOU
Department of NeurosurgeryHopital NeurologiquePierre Wertheimer University of [email protected]
SØREN HEIN SINDRUP
Department of NeurologyOdense University [email protected]
BENGT H. SJÖLUND
Rehabilitation and Research Centre forTorture VictimsSouth Danish [email protected]
CARSTEN SKARKE
Institute of Clinical Pharmacologypharmazentrum frankfurt/ZAFESInstitute of Clinical PharmacologyJohann-Wolfgang Goethe [email protected]
L List of Contributors
KATHLEEN A. SLUKA
Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation ScienceGraduate ProgramUniversity of IowaIowa City, [email protected]
INGRID SÖDERBACK
Department of Public Health and Caring SciencesUppsala [email protected]
SEYMOUR SOLOMON
Montefiore Medical CenterAlbert Einstein College of MedicineBronxNew York, [email protected]
CLAUDIA SOMMER
Department of NeurologyUniversity of WürzburgWü[email protected]
LINDA S. SORKIN
Anesthesia Research LaboratoriesUniversity of CaliforniaSan Diego, [email protected]
MICHAEL SPAETH
Friedrich-Baur-InstituteUniversity of [email protected]@lrz.uni-muenchen.de
PEREGRIN O. SPIELHOLZ
SHARP ProgramWashington State Department of Labor and IndustriesOlympia, [email protected]
BENJAMIN S. CARSON SR.Department of Neurological SurgeryJohns Hopkins HospitalBaltimore, MDUSA
PETER S. STAATS
Division of Pain MedicineThe Johns Hopkins UniversityBaltimore, [email protected]
BRETT R. STACEY
Comprehensive Pain CenterOregon Health and Science UniversityPortland, ORUSA
WENDY M. STEIN
San Diego Hospice and Palliative CareUCSDSan Diego, [email protected]
CHRISTOPH STEIN
Department of Anaesthesiology andIntensive Care MedicineCampus Benjamin FranklinCharité – University Medicine [email protected]
MICHAEL STEINMETZ
Department of NeurosurgeryThe Cleveland Clinic FoundationCleveland, OHUSA
JAIR STERN
Functional NeurosurgeryNeurosurgical ClinicUniversity HospitalZürichSwitzerland
BONNIE J. STEVENS
University of Toronto andThe Hospital for Sick ChildrenToronto, [email protected]
CARL-OLAV STILLER
Division of Clinical PharmacologyDepartment of MedicineKarolinska University [email protected]
List of Contributors LI
JENNIFER N. STINSON
The Hospital for Sick Children andThe University of TorontoToronto, [email protected]
HENRY STOCKBRIDGE
Health and Community MedicineUniversity of Washington School of PublicSeattle, [email protected]
CHRISTIAN S. STOHLER
Baltimore College of Dental SurgeryUniversity of MarylandBaltimore, [email protected]
LAURA STONE
Department of NeuroscienceUniversity of MinnesotaMinneapolis, [email protected]
R. WILLIAM STONES
Princess Anne HospitalUniversity of [email protected]
ANDREAS STRAUBE
Department of NeurologyLudwig Maximilians [email protected]
JENNY STRONG
University of QueenslandBrisbane, [email protected]
GEROLD STUCKI
Department of Physical Medicine and RehabilitationLudwig-Maximilians [email protected]
CHERYL L. STUCKY
Department of Cell BiologyNeurobiology and AnatomyMedical College of WisconsinMilwaukee, [email protected]
MATHIAS STURZENEGGER
Department of NeurologyUniversity of [email protected]
YASUO SUGIURA
Nagoya University School of MedicineGraduate School of MedicineDepartment of Functional Anatomy & [email protected]
MARK D. SULLIVAN
Psychiatry and Behavioral SciencesUniversity of WashingtonSeattle, [email protected]
MICHAEL J. L. SULLIVAN
Department of PsychologyUniversity of MontrealMontreal, [email protected]
B. SUNG
Medical Science Research Center andDepartment of PhysiologyKorea University College of MedicineSeoulKorea
RIE SUZUKI
Department of PharmacologyUniversity College [email protected]
KRISTINA B. SVENDSEN
Danish Pain Research CenterAarhus University [email protected]
LII List of Contributors
PETER SVENSSON
Department of Clinical Oral PhysiologyUniversity of [email protected]
NIGEL P. SYKES
St. Christopher’s Hospice and King’s CollegeUniversity of [email protected]
A. TAGHVA
Department of NeurosurgeryJohns Hopkins HospitalBaltimore, MDUSA
KERSI TARAPOREWALLA
Royal Brisbane and Womens’ HospitalUniversity of QueenslandBrisbane, [email protected]
RONALD R. TASKER
University of TorontoToronto Western HospitalToronto, ONCanada
IRMGARD TEGEDER
Pharmacological Center FrankfurtClinical Center Johann-Wolfgang Goethe [email protected]
ASTRID J. TERKELSEN
Danish Pain Research Center and Department ofNeurologyAarhus University [email protected]
GREGORY W. TERMAN
Department of Anesthesiology and theGraduate Program in Neurobiology and BehaviorUniversity of WashingtonSeattle, [email protected]
ALISON THOMAS
Lismore, [email protected]
BEVERLY E. THORN
University of AlabamaTuscaloosa, [email protected]
CINDY L. THURSTON-STANFIELD
Department of Biomedical SciencesUniversity of South AlabamaMobile, [email protected]
ARNE TJØLSEN
University of [email protected]
ANDREW J. TODD
Spinal Cord GroupInstitute of Biomedical and Life SciencesUniversity of [email protected]
MAKOTO TOMINAGA
Department of Cellular and Molecular PhysiologyMie University School of MedicineTsu [email protected]
IRENE TRACEY
Pain Imaging Neuroscience (PaIN) GroupDepartment of Physiology, Anatomy and GeneticsandCentre for Functional Magnetic ResonanceImaging of the BrainOxford [email protected]
TUAN DIEP TRAN
Department of NeurologyUniversity of MichiganandNeurology Research LaboratoryVA Medical CenterAnn Arbor, MIUSAandDepartment of PediatricsUniversity of Medicine and Pharmacy of HoChi Minh CityHo Chi Minh CityVietnam
List of Contributors LIII
DIEP TUAN TRAN
Department of Integrative PhysiologyNational Institute for Physiological SciencesOkazakiJapan
ROLF-DETLEF TREEDE
Institute of Physiology and PathophysiologyJohannes Gutenberg [email protected]
JENNIE C. I. TSAO
Pediatric Pain ProgramDepartment of PediatricsDavid Geffen School of Medicine at UCLALos Angeles, CAUSA
JEANNA TSENTER
Department of Physical Medicine and RehabilitationHadassah University HospitalJerusalemIsrael
MAURITS VAN TULDER
Institute for Research in Extramural MedicineFree University AmsterdamAmsterdamThe [email protected]
ELDON TUNKS
Hamilton Health Sciences CorporationHamilton, [email protected]
DENNIS C. TURK
Department of AnesthesiologyUniversity of WashingtonSeattle, [email protected]
JUDITH A. TURNER
Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral SciencesUniversity of WashingtonSeattle, WAUSA
O. J. TWEEDIE
Royal Perth Hospital andUniversity of Western AustraliaCrawley, WAAustralia
STEPHEN P. TYRER
Royal Victoria InfirmaryUniversity of Newcastle upon [email protected]
ALEXANDER TZABAZIS
Department of AnesthesiaUniversity of [email protected]
KENE UGOKWE
Department of NeurosurgeryThe Cleveland Clinic FoundationCleveland, OHUSA
LINDSAY S. UMAN
Department of PsychologyDalhousie UniversityHalifax, [email protected]
ANITA M. UNRUH
Health and Human Performance andOccupational TherapyDalhousie UniversityHalifax, [email protected]
CHRISTIANE VAHLE-HINZ
Institute of Neurophysiology and PathophysiologyUniversity Hospital [email protected]
MUTHUKUMAR VAIDYARAMAN
Division of Pain MedicineThe Johns Hopkins UniversityBaltimore, [email protected]
TODD W. VANDERAH
Department of PharmacologyCollege of MedicineUniversity of ArizonaTucson, [email protected]
LIV List of Contributors
GUY VANDERSTRAETEN
Department of Rehabilitation Sciences andPhysiotherapyGhent University [email protected]
HORACIO VANEGAS
Instituto Venezolano de Investigaciones Cientificas(IVIC)[email protected]
JEAN-JACQUES VATINE
Outpatient and Research DivisionReuth Medical CenterTel [email protected]
LINDA K. VAUGHN
Department of Biomedical SciencesMarquette UniversityMilwaukee, [email protected]
LOUIS VERA-PORTOCARRERO
Department of PharmacologyCollege of MedicineUniversity of ArizonaTucson, [email protected]
PAUL VERRILLS
Metropolitan Spinal ClinicPrahran, [email protected]
FÉLIX VIANA
Instituto de Neurociencias de AlicanteUniversidad Miguel Hernández-CSICSan Juan de AlicanteSpain
CHARLES J. VIERCK JR.Department of Neuroscience andMcKnight Brain InstituteUniversity of Florida College of MedicineGainesville, [email protected]
LUIS VILLANUEVA
INSERMUniversity of Clermont-FerrandClermont-FerrandFranceluis.villanueva@u-clermont1.fr
MARCELO VILLAR
Neuroscience LaboratoryAustral UniversityBuenos AiresArgentina
DAVID VIVIAN
Metro Spinal ClinicCaulfield, [email protected]
JOHAN W. S. VLAEYEN
Department of Medical, Clinical and ExperimentalPsychologyMaastricht UniversityMaastrichtThe [email protected]
NICOLAS VOILLEY
Institut de Pharmacologie Moleculaire et [email protected]
ERNEST VOLINN
Pain Research CenterUniversity of UtahSalt Lake City, [email protected]
LUCY VULCHANOVA
Department of Veterinary and Biomedical SciencesUniversity of MinnesotaSt. Paul, [email protected]
PAUL W. WACNIK
Department of PharmacologyCollege of MedicineUniversity of MinnesotaMinneapolis, [email protected]
GORDON WADDELL
University of [email protected]
List of Contributors LV
GARY A. WALCO
Hackensack University Medical CenterUniversity of Medicine and Dentistry of New JerseyNew Jersey Medical SchoolHackensack, [email protected]
BARBARA WALKER
Centre for Pain ManagementSt Vincent’s HospitalMelbourne, VICAustralia
SUELLEN M. WALKER
University of Sydney Pain Management andResearch CentreRoyal North Shore HospitalSt. Leonards, [email protected]@ucl.ac.uk
LYNN S. WALKER
Division of Adolescent Medicine andBehavioral SciencesVanderbilt University Medical CenterNashville, [email protected]
VICTORIA C. J. WALLACE
Department of AnaestheticsPain Medicine and Intensive CareChelsea and Westminster Hospital [email protected]
XIAOHONG WANG
Department of Integrative PhysiologyNational Institute for Physiological SciencesOkazakiJapan
FAY WARNOCK
Children’s and Women’s Hospital andThe University of British ColumbiaVancouver, [email protected]
GUNNAR WASNER
Department of Neurological Pain Research andTherapyNeurological ClinicKielGermanyandPrince of Wales Medical Research InstituteUniversity of New South WalesRandwick, [email protected]
SHOKO WATANABE
Department of Integrative PhysiologyNational Institute for Physiological SciencesOkazakiJapan
LINDA R. WATKINS
Department of Psychology andCenter for NeuroscienceUniversity of Colorado at BoulderBoulder, [email protected]
CHRISTOPHER J. WATLING
The University of Western OntarioLondon, [email protected]
PAUL J. WATSON
University Department of AnaesthesiaUniversity of [email protected]
PETER N. WATSON
University of TorontoToronto, [email protected]
JAMES WATT
North Shore HospitalAucklandNew [email protected]
LVI List of Contributors
STEPHEN G. WAXMAN
Department of NeurologyYale School of MedicineNew Haven, CTandVA Medical CenterWest Haven, [email protected]
CHRISTIAN WEIDNER
Department of Physiology and ExperimentalPathophysiologyUniversity [email protected]
PH. TH. M. WEIJENBORG
Department of GynecologyLeiden University Medical CenterLeidenThe [email protected]
ROBIN WEIR
Hamilton Health Sciences CorporationHamilton, ONCanada
NIRIT WEISS
Departments of NeurosurgeryJohns Hopkins UniversityBaltimore, MDUSA
URSULA WESSELMANN
Departments of NeurologyNeurological Surgery and Biomedical EngineeringThe Johns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimore, [email protected]
DAGMAR WESTERLING
Departments of Clinical PharmacologyAnesthesiology and Intensive CareLund University [email protected]
KARIN N. WESTLUND
Department of Anatomy and NeurosciencesUniversity of Texas Medical BranchGalveston, [email protected]
THOMAS M. WICKIZER
Department of Rehabilitation MedicineUniversity of WashingtonSeattle, WAUSA
EVA WIDERSTRÖM-NOGA
The Miami Project to Cure ParalysisDepartment of Neurological SurgeryUniversity of MiamiVAMCMiami, [email protected]
JULIE WIESELER-FRANK
Department of Psychology and Center forNeuroscienceUniversity of Colorado at BoulderBoulder, COUSA
ZSUZSANNA WIESENFELD-HALLIN
Karolinska [email protected]
ANN WIGHAM
McCoull ClinicPrudhoe [email protected]
GEORGE L. WILCOX
Department of NeurosciencePharmacology and DermatologyUniversity of Minnesota Medical SchoolMinneapolis, [email protected]
OLIVER H. G. WILDER-SMITH
Pain and Nociception Research GroupPain CentreDepartment of AnaesthesiologyRadboud University Nijmegen Medical CentreNijmegenThe [email protected]
KJERSTI WILHELMSEN
Section for Physiotherapy ScienceDepartment of Public Health and Primary Health CareFaculty of MedicineUniversity of [email protected]
List of Contributors LVII
VICTOR WILK
Brighton Spinal GroupBrighton, [email protected]
W. A. WILLIAMS
Royal Perth Hospital andUniversity of Western AustraliaPerth, WAAustralia
WILLIAM D. WILLIS
Department of Neuroscience and Cell BiologyUniversity of Texas Medical BranchGalveston, [email protected]
JOHN B. WINER
Department of NeurologyBirmingham Muscle and Nerve CentreQueen Elizabeth [email protected]
CHRISTOPHER J. WINFREE
Department of Neurological SurgeryNeurological InstituteColumbia UniversityNew York, [email protected]
JANET WINTER
Novartis Institute for Medical [email protected]
ALAIN WODA
Faculté de Chirurgie DentaireUniversity [email protected]
SUNG TAE KOO WONKWANG
Korea Institute of Oriental [email protected]
LEE WOODSON
Department of AnesthesiologyUniversity of Texas Medical BranchandShriners Hospitals for ChildrenShriners Burns HospitalGalveston, TXUSA
XIAO-JUN XU
Karolinska InstituteStockholmSweden
HIROSHI YAMASAKI
Department of Integrative PhysiologyNational Institute for Physiological SciencesOkazakiJapan
MICHAEL YELLAND
School of MedicineGriffith UniversityLogan, [email protected]
S. YENNURAJALINGAM
Department of Palliative Care andRehabilitation MedicineThe University of Texas M. D. Anderson CancerCenterHouston, TXUSA
DAVID C. YEOMANS
Department of AnesthesiaStanford UniversityStanford, [email protected]
ROBERT P. YEZIERSKI
Comprehensive Center for Pain Research andDepartment of NeuroscienceMcKnight Brain InstituteGainesville, [email protected]
WAY YIN
Department of AnesthesiologyUniversity of WashingtonSeattle, [email protected]
Y. W. YOON
Medical Science Research Center andDepartment of PhysiologyKorea University College of MedicineSeoulKorea
LVIII List of Contributors
ATSUSHI YOSHIDA
Department of Oral Anatomy and NeurobiologyOsaka [email protected]
JOANNA M. ZAKRZEWSKA
Clinical Diagnostic and Oral SciencesInstitute of DentistryBarts and the LondonQueen Mary’s School of Medicine & DentistryUniversity of [email protected]
HANNS ULRICH ZEILHOFER
Institute for Pharmacology and ToxicologyUniversity of ZürichZü[email protected]
LONNIE K. ZELTZER
Pediatric Pain ProgramDepartment of PediatricsDavid Geffen School of Medicine at UCLALos Angeles, [email protected].
GIOVAMBATTISTA ZEPPETELLA
St. Clare [email protected]
YI-HONG ZHANG
Deptartment of Anatomy and NeurobiologyUniversity of Tennessee Health Science CenterMemphis, [email protected]
XIJING J. ZHANG
Department of NeuroscienceUniversity of MinnesotaMinneapolis, [email protected]
MIN ZHUO
Department of PhysiologyUniversity of TorontoToronto, [email protected]
C. ZÖLLNER
Clinic for Anesthesiology and Operative IntensiveMedicineCharité-University Clinical Center BerlinCampus Benjamin [email protected]
KRINA ZONDERVAN
Wellcome Trust Centre for Human GeneticsOxfordUK
ZBIGNIEW ZYLICZ
St. Elizabeth [email protected]
