Português - Teoria e Prática 3

7/31/2019 Portugus - Teoria e Prtica 3

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U~ovjmafjh mh ^ounkjfh

Gjajv}~j` mh Omfh`

Vof~o}h~jh Orof}jyh

Vof~o}h~jh mo Omfh` Nvjfh


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U^@D^HGH DOV]@ MHHUÔAMJ\HDOG OVF@KH^

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I@^GH@ F@A]JA_HMH MO U^@IOVV@ÔV M@VHA@V/V^JOV IJAHJV M@ OAVJA@ I_AMHGOA]HK

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U~`d ~h g h D o v} m h Hu ~o am j|h d o g Ovf `kh ~ ' D o v}h ~ JJ

D jh v o G h a h jv

H }` ~o vOkf jo ao m o @ k jyo j~h Mjaj| Nh ~n vhOvuofjhkj|h` og Kadh U`~}dovh_ajyo~vjmhmo Vhkdhm` mo @kjyoj~h/_AJYO^V@

Kf jh Bo ko ah F h yh vja \h n } }` Ukja`M`}`~h og Ijk`vìjh_ajyo~vjmhmo Ov}hmhk mo Fhgujahv/_AJFHGUU~ìovv`~h Hmla}h ' Jav}j}}` mo Uvjf`k`djh_ajyo~vjmhmo mo N~hvkjh/_aN

Uh kh G h kf o k j KjavGov}~o og Kjadv}jfh_ajyo~vjmhmo Iomo~hk mo Uo~ahgnf`/_IUO

Jk v}~h o v

I~h af jvf ^ d jv o ]h }jh ah ^jy` j~o

Mj~o }`~jh m o U`k}jf h v m o I` ~g h + G h }o ~jh jv M jm }jf v o m o]o f a` k`d jh v u h ~h h Om f h N vjf h

F ` ~mo ah D o ~h k m o I` ~g h m o U~` io vv` ~o v

Kad h U`~}d o vh

@ ~d h a j|h m ` ~hVjkyjh a o N` ah f f ~vj Nh ~n h }`

H }` ~o vF } jh ô d j a h N~h d h G h ~} ja v ' H H H = + H H H ? o H H H 9G o v} ~o o g Om fh `_ajyo~vjmhmo mo N~hvkjh/_aN

Ko j kh ]o ~o vjabh Vjg o v ô avj ' ]U?+ HH H 8 o HH H >Gov}~o og ]o`~jh Kj}o~~jh_ajyo~vjmhmo Ov}hmhk mo Fhgujahv/_AJFHGU

G h ~ jh Ha } ` a j o } h Ha } a o v F a b h ' ]U 8 + ]U > + ]U = + ]U 9o H H H 6M`}`~h og Ko}~hv ' Kadh U`~}dovhU~ìovv`~h Hmla}h Hu`voa}hmh 'Kadh U`~}dovh ' Ihfkmhmo mo Ko}~hv_ajyo~vjmhm o Iom o~hk mo Gjahv Do ~hjv/ _IGD

G h ~ jh Kj|h G a }o j~` Vh ko v F `~`h ' ]U6+ ]U? o ]U9M`}`~h og Kjadv}jfh_ajyo~vjmhmo Ov}hmhk mo Fhgujahv/_AJFHGUU~ìovv`~h Hmla}h ' Kjadv}jfh ' Jav}j}}` mo Ko}~hv

_ajyo~vjmhmo mo N~hvkjh/_aN

Vjkyjh ao Nà h f f ~vj Nh ~n h }` ' ]U= o ]U9M`}`~h og Uvjf`k`djhU~ìovv`~h Hmla}h ' Jav}j}}` mo Uvjf`k`djh_ajyo~vjmhmo mo N~hvkjh/_aN

Mh m` v Ja}o ~ah f jàh jv m o F h }h k d h ` ah Unkjf h "F JU*F o a}~` m o Jai`~g h o Njn kj`}o f h o g Omf h ` "F JNOF *

U~ d ~h g h D o v} mh Hu ~o am j|h do g Ovf kh ~ ' D o v}h ~ JJ! Kad h U`~}d o vh < F h mo ~a` mo ]o ~jh oU~ }jf h 6 ' ]U6< d ao ~ v o }ju` v }o r} h jv! N~h vkjh < G jajv} ~j` m h Omf h + Vo f ~o }h ~jh m o Omf h N vjf h + >5 52 !8:9 u!< j k !

8! U~ d ~h g h D o v} m h Hu ~o am j|h do g Ovf kh ~! >! Kad h U`~}d o vh ! 6! I`~g h mo U~ io vv ~o v!J! N~h vjk! G jajv} ~j` m h Omf h `! Vo f ~o }h ~jh m o Omf h ` N vjf h !

F M_ 648!86

MJV] JN_J @VON ' Vof~o}h~jh mo Omfh` Nvjfh

Ovukhahmh m`v Gjajv}~j`v+ Nk`f` K+ ?` Hamh~+ Vhkh ?55FOU< 455=4':55 ' N~hvkjh'MI ' N~hvjk

OV]H U_NKJFH @ A@ U@MO VO YOAMJMH! M JV] JN_J@ D H]_J]H!X_HKX_O^ UH^]O MOV]H @N H U@MO VO ÔU @M_\JMH MOVMO X _O FJ]HMH H I@A]O!] m `v `v mj~oj}`v ~ovo~yhm `v h` Gjajv}~j` m h Omf h ` ' GOF!

H orh}jm ` mh v jai`~gh ov o ` v fàf oj}`v o ùjajov ogj}jm`v v` mo orfkvjyh ~ovuàvhn jkjmhmo m` h}`~!


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Hu~ovoa}h`!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! ?

UH^]O J

Hu~ovoa}h` mhv _ajmhmov!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!:

_ajmhmo :< Dao~`v }or}hjv< m` ja}j}jy` h` vjv}ogh}j|hm !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!88Vo` 8< @ f`abofjgoa}` ja}j}jy` mo dao~`v!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!86Vo` >< Dao~`v }or}hjv o f`guo}afjh v`fj`f`gajfh}jyh!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!>=Vo` 6< Fkhvvjijfham` dao~`v }or}hjv!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!68

Koj}~hv vdo~jmhv!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! =8Njnkj`d~hijh!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! =>Hgukjham` a`vvhv ~oio~afjhv!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! =6F`~~o` mhv h}jyjmhmov!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! =4

_ajmhmo 85< ]~hnhkbham` f`g dao~`v }or}hjv!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!?6Vo` 8< Dao~` kj}o~~j` o a`'kj}o~~j !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!?=Vo` >< @ dao~` u`}jf`!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!9?Vo` 6< _gh vnfkhvvjijfh` m` dao~` u`}jf`< f`~mok!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!4=

Koj}~hv vdo~jmhv!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! 29Njnkj`d~hijh!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! 24F`~~o` mhv h}jyjmhmov!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! 2:

_ajmhmo 88< ]ju`v }or}hjv!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! :?Vo` 8< Voxafjhv }ju`kdjfhv< movf~j` o ah~~h`!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!:9Vo` >< Voxafjhv }ju`kdjfhv< v }ju`v jala}jy` o u~omj}jy`!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! 852Vo` 6< Voxafjhv }ju`kdjfhv< }ju` mjvvo~}h}jy`!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!88=

Koj}~hv vdo~jmhv!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! 8>=Njnkj`d~hijh!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! 8>9Hgukjham` a`vvhv ~oio~afjhv!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!8>4F`~~o` mhv h}jyjmhmov!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! 868

_ajmhmo 8>< H ja}o~'~okh` oa}~o dao~`v o }ju`v }or}hjv!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!86:Vo` 8< Dao~`v }or}hjv o voxafjhv }ju`kdjfhv!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!8=5Vo` >< Voxafjhv }ju`kdjfhv og dao~`v }or}hjv!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!8?5Vo` 6< H ja}o~}or}hkjmhmo oa}~o dao~`v }or}hjv!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!89>

Koj}~hv vdo~jmhv!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! 84>Njnkj`d~hijh!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! 846F`~~o` mhv h}jyjmhmov!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! 84?

Vg~j`


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UH^]O JJ

Kj` mo fhvh 8!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! 826Kj` mo fhvh >!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! 82?

UH^]O JJJ

@ijfjah ?!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! 82:@ijfjah 9!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! 8:>


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Hu~ovoa}h`

Nog'yjam` h`v ov}m`v fà}jahm`v mo Kadh U`~}dovh(

Ovuo~hg`v xo y`f volh a`vvh f`guhabjh u`~ g n`g }ogu`+ o xo ov}h fàyjyafjh volh oa~jxofom`~h

}ha}` uh~h av f`g` uh~h y`f!

Y`f l }oyo hv jai`~ghov nvjfhv v`n~o h ov}~}~h m` DOV]H^ JJ o hv fh~hf}o~v}jfhv o h ~dhaj|h`

m`v fhmo~a`v mo ]o`~jh o U~}jfh!

Xo~og`v kogn~h~'kbo hxj h ~dhaj|h` m`v m`jv gmk`v xo fàv}j}og a`vv` f~v` f`guko}`!

A` Gmk` 8+ mjyjmjm` og 6 fhmo~a`v mo ]o`~jh o U~}jfh+ yhg`v u~`f~h~ fàv}~j~ ` ~omjvf}j~ f`g y`f `v

uà}`v ghjv jgu`~}ha}ov m` oavja`'hu~oamj|hdog mo Kadh U`~}dovh+ hxokov xo fàv}j}og h nhvo govgh

uh~h movoay`kyjgoa}` mh f`guo}afjh f`gajfh}jyh m` hka`! Ov}h~og`v+ h` kàd` mov}o u~jgoj~` gmk`+fàv}~jam` o ~ookhn`~ham` fàfoj}`v xo a`v uh~ofog iamhgoa}hjv uh~h y`f+ u`~ vh yo|+ fàv}~j~ `

~ookhn`~h~ gh a`yh u~}jfh uomhddjfh!

Hvvjg+ yhg`v a` v mjvf}j~ fàfoj}`v f`g` yh~jh` kjadv}jfh+ }or}`+ ja}o~}or}hkjmhmo+ d~hg}jfh+

h~}o o kj}o~h}~h+ dao~`v }or}hjv+ ghv yhg`v g`v}~h~ f`g` ovvov fà}om`v u`mog o moyog oa}~h~ ahv vhv

hkhv uh~h hka`v m`v 6` o =` fjfk`v!

@ ]U8 }~hnhkbh }or}` o hv yh~jha}ov mh kadh f`g` mof`~~oa}ov mh ~okh` oa}~o kjadhdog o fk}~h3

` ]U> hn`~mh hv hakjvov kjadv}jfhv o kj}o~~jhv+ o ]U6 mjvf}o hv xov}ov kjdhmhv a`yh fàfoj}h` mo

dao~`v m`v }or}`v o mo }ju`v mo mjvf~v`v!

Ovvov ov}m`v jajfjhjv uhyjgoa}h~` fhgjab` uh~h Gmk` >+ xo yhj vjv}ogh}j|h~ }~hnhkb` og

}`~a` mh koj}~h o mh u~`m` mo }or}`v+ xo+ a` u~jgoj~`+ huh~ofog v`n~o}m` f`g` h}jyjmhmov!

A`vvh oruof}h}jyh xo ovvh `~dhaj|h` volh gh i`~gh nhv}ha}o oijfh| mo hlm'k` h ~ohyhkjh~ o

~omj~ofjàh~+ xham` aofovv~j`+ vov fàbofjgoa}`v o vh u~}jfh+ uh~h gokb`~ h}jadj~ vov `nlo}jy`v a`

}~hnhkb` f`g vov hka`v!


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_ajmhmo : _ajmhmo 85

_ajmhmo 88 _ajmhmo 8>

UH^]O J

]O@^JH O U^]JFH 6


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DOV]H^ JJ

]U6 ' Kadh U`~}dovh

Fh~` U~ìovv`~+ fh~h U~ìovv`~h+

L yjg`v ahv ajmhmov ha}o~j`~ov xo ` }~hnhkb` f`g h kjadhdog }og gj}` h yo~ f`g `fà}or}` v`fj`fk}~hk og xo h vhg`v! U`~ jvv`+ i`j jgu`~}ha}o yo~ f`g` hv yh~jha}ovkjadv}jfhv g`v}~hg a`vvh jmoa}jmhmo fk}~hk! Yjg`v }hgng f`g` h kjadhdog+ hkgmo vo~ jgu`~}ha}o jav}~goa}` ah a`vvh f`gajfh`+ u`mo vo~ ogu~odhmh f`g `nlo}j'y`v ov}}jf`v+ f`g` u`mo vo~ h~}o!!! Hakjvov kjadv}jfhv+ f`g` hn`~mhg`v a` fhmo~a`mo ]U >+ oay`kyog fàfoj}`v d~hgh}jfhjv+ ghv y` ghjv hkg< g`v}~hg f`g` u`mog`v}`~ah~ a`vvh f`gajfh` o a`vvhv hov uokh kjadhdog ghjv oijfjoa}ov!

F`g` y`f u`mo~ uo~fono~+ fà}jahg`v hm`}ham` h fàfou` mo xo a`vv`movoguoab` kjadv}jf` vo m u`~ }or}`v o a` u`~ i~hvov ` uhkhy~hv ghv a`movfjmh~og`v mo xo u`~ goj` mo i~hvov o mo uhkhy~hv xo `v }or}`v vo fàv}~òg!U`~ jvv`+ hv ajmhmov mov}o fhmo~a` huà}hg uh~h mhv mj~oov< ` }or}` f`g` h}h`v`fjhk o ` }or}` f`g` `~dhaj|h` mo jai`~ghov! Ovvhv mhv mjgoavov }or}hjv ov}`ja}jghgoa}o ja}o~'~okhfjàhmhv+ ghv yhg`v `kb'khv vouh~hmhgoa}o+ huoahv uh~h ijavmjm}jf`v!

H hn`~mhdog m` }or}` ah vh mjgoav` v`fjhk o fk}~hk koyh h fkhvvjijf'k` xha'}` h` dao~`! ` xo ih~og`v ahv ajmhmov : o 85+ og xo hahkjvh~og`v `v }or}`v

xha}` v vhv iaov fk}~hjv o v`fjhjv uh~h fkhvvjijfh~ `v dao~`v o fh~hf}o~j|h'~og`v hkdav mokov og ghj`~ mo}hkbo! H hn`~mhdog ah mjgoav` jai`~ghfjàhk koyh fkhvvjijfh` mo }ju`v }or}hjv+ f`g` hv fàbofjmhv ah~~h` o mjvvo~}h`+ u`~ orog'uk`! Ah ajmhmo 88 fàfoj}h~og`v o fkhvvjijfh~og`v }ju`v+ og ù`vj` h gh fkhvvj'ijfh` mo dao~`v! O mou`jv+ ah ajmhmo 8>+ yo~og`v f`g` hv mhv fkhvvjijfhov vof`~~okhfjàhg!

jgu`~}ha}o ~ovvhk}h~ hxj xo hakjvov o fkhvvjijfhov }oamog h vouh~h~ ` javouh'~yok3 u`~ jvv`+ a` u`mog`v ovxofo~ xo ` }or}` gh ~omo mo h~}jfkhov o xoi`fhkj|h~ fhmh gh mokhv og vouh~hm` `nlo}jyh go~hgoa}o ~oyokh~ `v u~`fovv`v mo f`g`

g }or}` vo fàv}j}j+ }ha}` a` vo ja}o~j`~ xha}` ah vh ~okh` f`g ` gam` o f`g `vv~j`v mh kadh!

Jvv` vjdajijfh mj|o~ xo ` }or}` vo fàv}~j ov}hnokofoam` vjdajijfhm`v og mo}o~gj'ahm`v fà}or}`v! F`g` vjdajijfhm`v ov}` kjdhm`v h` fàbofjgoa}` mo gam` xofhmh g mo av }og o ovvov vjdajijfhm`v vo }ofog a` }or}`+ uok` ov}m` o uokh u~}jfhmo }or}`v xo u`mog`v hu~jg`~h~ a`vv` movoguoab` kjadv}jf`! O }hgng uokòv}m` o uokh u~}jfh mo }or}`v xo vov hka`v u`mo~` vo~ nog'vfomjm`v a` movog'uoab` kjadv}jf`!

]ju`v o dao~`v }or}hjv moyog+ hvvjg+ vo~ yjv}`v+ aov}ov fhmo~a`v+ f`g` fkhvvjijfh'ov xo a` vo vv}oa}hg v`|jabhv+ ghv f`g` u~`fomjgoa}`v mo hakjvo xo la}`vovfkh~ofog v`n~o `v gofhajvg`v }or}hjv!

@ }ogh }~havyo~vhk xo uo~goh~ hv ajmhmov mov}o fhmo~a` ` }~hnhkb`! Ovvh i`jgh ovf`kbh u~ù`vj}hk< xo~og`v xo y`f+ la}hgoa}o f`g vov hka`v+ ~oikj}hg v`n~o


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mjyo~vhv jmjhv mo }~hnhkb` xo fòrjv}og ah a`vvh fk}~h o f`gu~ooamhg u`~xo ihkh~"` ovf~oyo~* gh i`~gh mo }~hnhkb`!

@v oai`xov hu~ovoa}hm`v ahv ajmhmov mov}o fhmo~a` u`mog }~h|o~ hkdg ov}~h'abhgoa}`+ l xo oay`kyog fàfoj}`v a` gj}` ihgjkjh~ov a`vvh u~}jfh m`foa}o! Ghvovuo~hg`v u`mo~ fà}~jnj~ f`g hv vdov}ov mo h}jyjmhmov uh~h vov hka`v o f`ghkdav iamhgoa}`v }o~jf`v h ~ovuoj}` m` hvva}`!

Ovuo~hg`v xo y`f volh nog'vfomjm` o xo u`vvhg`v+ mo hkdgh ghaoj~h+ f`kh'n`~h~ uh~h ovvo vfovv`(


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86

_ajmhmo :Dao~`v }or}hjv< m` ja}j}jy` h` vjv}ogh}j|hm`

Gh~jh Kj|h Gà}oj~` Vhkov F`~`h

Fh~` u~ìovv`~+ fh~h u~ìovv`~h+

@ }ogh g`}jyhm`~ mov}hv xh}~` ajmhmov m` ]U6 ` }~hnhkb`! Ah bjv}~jh mhbghajmhmo+ ` }~hnhkb` }og ~ou~ovoa}hm` g m`v u~jafjuhjv ~oio~oafjhjv `~dhaj|hm`~ov

m` g`m` mo yjmh o mh fàv}j}j` mo yhk`~ov v`fjhjv o uovv`hjv m`v gogn~`v mo ghf`gajmhmo! Ahv v`fjomhmov g`mo~ahv+ }~hnhkb` o `n}oa` mo mjaboj~` ov}` ja}~javo'fhgoa}o kjdhm`v! U`~ jvv`+ gj}hv yo|ov a` uo~fonog`v xo hkdghv mo a`vvhv h}jyjmh'mov f`}jmjhahv a` ~ogao~hmhv }hgng v` }~hnhkb`!

Oaxha}` h i`~h mo }~hnhkb` mo gh v`fjomhmo mo g uhv fàvjv}o mo ogu~odh'm`v+ ogu~odhm`~ov+ h}a`g`v o movogu~odhm`v+ ` }~hnhkb` ~ou~ovoa}h uh~h fhmh gmovvov jamjym`v gh i`~gh mo vo vj}h~ ah v`fjomhmo f`g hv fàvoxafjhv uovv`hjvo v`fjhjv xo mh v~dog< fàbofoam` u~ov}dj` ` u~ofàfoj}`+ u`~ oroguk`! H` f`g'u`~ h i`~h mo }~hnhkb` mh v`fjomhmo h xo uo~}oafo+ fhmh jamjym` ~ogao~hm` à` fàv}j}j ` g`m` mo u~`m` movvh v`fjomhmo o aokh vo fàv}j}j fjmhm`! U`~

jvv`+ ` }~hnhkb` uh~}o ja}od~ha}o mh yjmh mo fhmh g mo av+ movmo h ghjv }oa~h jmhmomovoguoabhg`v h}jyjmhmov xo h}hg v`n~o h ah}~o|h o v`n~o a`vv`v fàfjmhm`v! Oaovvo voa}jm`+ }`m`v }~hnhkbhg`v movmo ` no~`!!!

Aovvh uo~vuof}jyh+ h kjadhdog g m`v a`vv`v ghjv ~okoyha}ov }~hnhkb`v! Uokhkjadhdog hdjg`v a` gam` o a`v jmoa}jijfhg`v f`g` vo~ov bgha`v+ l xo ` m`g'aj` mh kjadhdog xo a`v mjio~oafjh m`v moghjv bhnj}ha}ov hajghjv m` ukhao}h!

Ov}h u`mo vo~+ u`jv+ gh ù`~}ajmhmo uh~h ~oiko}j~ v`n~o ` fàfoj}` mo }~hnhkb` xogj}hv yo|ov jafàvfjoa}ogoa}o }og`v! Ghjv jgu`~}ha}o+ u`~g+ ~oiko}j~ v`n~o hv h}jyj'mhmov xo koyhg ` vo~ bgha` h vo fàv}j}j~ f`g` }hk uok` }~hnhkb`!

F`g hu`j` og }or}`v xo }~h}hg m` }ogh }~hnhkb`+ yhg`v }hgng ~oiko}j~ v`n~o `vg`m`v og xo ovvov }or}`v+ `~hjv ` ovf~j}`v+ vo hu~ovoa}hg3 ` volh+ v`n~o vhv fh~hf}o'~v}jfhv og ~okh` h` fà}or}` og xo v` vhm`v! H` fàla}` movvhv fh~hf}o~v}jfhv mov` fbhghg`v dao~` }or}hk! A` }~h}h~og`v+ aov}h ajmhmo+ mo }`m`v `v dao~`v u`~'xo+ f`g` y`f yo~+ vh fkhvvjijfh` u~h}jfhgoa}o jkjgj}hmh! Og `}~hv ajmhmovu`v}o~j`~ov+ y`k}h~og`v h hn`~mh~ fh~hf}o~v}jfhv xo f`guog hkdav m`v dao~`v moxo ghjv i~oxoa}ogoa}o ih|og`v v`!

Aov}h ajmhmo+ xo f`goh uok` a`vv` fàbofjgoa}` ja}j}jy` mo dao~`v+ yo~o'g`v+ ah vo` 8+ xo+ f`g` ihkha}ov mo gh kadh+ ~ofàbofog`v o vhg`v ghaoj~hv

mjio~oa}ov mo `~dhaj|h~ a`vvh ihkh fhmh yo| xo ov}hg`v og vj}hov mjio~oa}ov! H vo` >a`v g`v}~h~ f`g` `v mjyo~v`v dao~`v }or}hjv vo ~okhfjàhg f`g h vj}h` mo u~`m`+f`g` hu~oamog`v h ~ofàbof'k`v movoay`kyoam` h a`vvh f`guo}afjh v`fj`f`gajfh}j'yh! Ah vo` 6+ }jkj|h~og`v ` ~ofàbofjgoa}` mhv mjio~oahv o vogokbhahv oa}~o `v

Jajfjhamà`vvh fàyo~vh


16/198]U6 ' Dao~`v o ]ju`v ]or}hjv ' Uh~}o J

8=

dao~`v uh~h jmoa}jijfh~ hv fh~hf}o~v}jfhv xo a`v koyhg h fkhvvjijfh~ g dao~` }or}hkf`g` }hk o yoam` h f`g` v~dog hkdghv mjijfkmhmov aovvh fkhvvjijfh`!

Og vgh+ yo~og`v aov}h ajmhmo f`g`+ ah u~}jfh+ }`m`v `v ihkha}ov mo gh kadhhu~oamog+ la}hgoa}o f`g h hxjvj` mhv ~od~hv d~hgh}jfhjv movvh kadh+ h vo oru~ov'

vh~ u`~ goj` mo mjio~oa}ov dao~`v }or}hjv+ ha}ov govg` mo hu~oam'k`v ah ovf`kh! ovf`kh fhno hu~`yoj}h~ ovvo fàbofjgoa}` ja}j}jy`+ vjv}ogh}j|h~ o }`~ah~ fàvfjoa}o `v` m`v mjio~oa}ov dao~`v }or}hjv f`g `v xhjv fàyjyog`v a`v mjyo~v`v ayojv mhva`vvhv u~}jfhv v`fjhjv!

H vhkh mo hkh g ovuh` u~jyjkodjhm` uh~h h }`ghmh mo fàvfjafjh mhxjk` xooa}oamog`v f`g` }~hnhkb` o+ }hgng+ uh~h ~ofàbofo~g`v f`g` `v mjio~oa}ov v`v xoih|og`v mh kadh gh}o~ah ~ohkj|hg dao~`v! Mou`jv mo ih|o~ hv h}jyjmhmov u~ù`v}hv+ovuo~hg`v }o~ hlmhm` y`f h u~ouh~h~ h}jyjmhmov xo koyog vov hka`v h ~ofàbofo~hkdghv fh~hf}o~v}jfhv mo dao~`v }or}hjv f`g `v xhjv l fàyjyog!

Ovuo~hg`v xo mou`jv mo ~ohkj|h~ hv h}jyjmhmov u~ù`v}hv uh~h ov}h ajmhmo+ y`f volhfhuh| mo' ôkhfjàh~ dao~`v }or}hjv o f`guo}afjh v`fj`f`gajfh}jyh3

6' Jmoa}jijfh~ fh~hf}o~v}jfhv xo koyhg fkhvvjijfh` mo g dao~` }or}hk!

Moijajam` a`vvùà}` mo fbodhmh


17/198

8?

Vo` 8

@ f`abofjgoa}` ja}j}jy` mo dao~`v

Jmoa}jijfh~ mjio~oahv o vogokbhahv ah `~dhaj|h` mo }or}`v }jkj|hm`v ogmjyo~v`v f`a}or}`v mo v` kjadv}jf`!

@nlo}jy`mh vo`

F`gofog`v u`~ `nvo~yh~ ov}hv fjaf` ijd~hv xo fhu}hg g g`goa}` mo uovv`hvog h}jyjmhmo!

Ijd~h 8

Ijd~h >




Vof`8

89

Ijd~h 6 Ijd~h =

Ijd~h ?


19/198

Dao~`v }or}hjv< m` ja}j}jy` h` vjv}ogh}j|hm`

_ajmhmo:

84

H}jyjmhmo 8

h* Movf~oyh+ og u`fhv uhkhy~hv+ ` xo y`f hfbh xo ovvhv uovv`hv ov}` ih|oam`!

Ijd~h 8

]`m`v av oro~fog`v mjyo~vhv h}jyjmhmov a` d~u` v`fjhk h xo uo~}oafog`v!

h* Xhjv mhv vhv h}jyjmhmov v` a`~ghkgoa}o f`avjmo~hmhv }~hnhkb` a` voa}jm` ov}~j}`0

n* Xhjv h}jyjmhmov y`f f`avjmo~h f`g` kh|o~+ ogn`~h ~ou~ovoa}og gh hukjfh` mhvi`~hv o ihfkmhmov bghahv uh~h hkfhah~ g mo}o~gjahm` ijg0

f* Xo }ju`v mo }~hnhkb` v` ghjv yhk`~j|hm`v og vh f`gajmhmo0

m* Xo }ju`v mo }~hnhkb` v` goa`v yhk`~j|hm`v og vh f`gajmhmo0


21/198


_ajmhmo:

8:

o* B hkdgh ~okh` oa}~o ovvh yhk`~j|h` o h fk}~h ovf~j}h0

A` v f`g ~ovuoj}` h` xo gh uovv`h o gh f`gajmhmo oa}oamog u`~ }~hnh'kb`+ mo hf`~m` f`g jmjhv fk}~hkgoa}o movoay`kyjmhv+ }hgng hvvjg a`v f`k`fhg`vf`g` koj}`~ov mjha}o m`v }or}`v xo kog`v ` xo `yjg`v< ~ofàbofog`v ` xoa`vv` fàbofjgoa}` mo gam` a`v g`v}~h! Ha}ov mo hyhah~g`v ah ~oikor` v`n~of`g` `v }or}`v ov}` u~ovoa}ov "` a`* og a`vvhv yjmhv+ ihhg`v gh uhvh uh~h ~oiko}j~f`g` okov u`mog vo hu~ovoa}h~ a` a`vv` mjh'h'mjh!

]or}` 8

Fh~k`v M~ggàm mo Ham~hmoGjaoj~` mo J}hnj~h "àmo ahvfo og `}'n~` mo 8:5>*+ xham` dh~`}` d`v}hyh moyo~ `v d~hamov yhv`v fboj`v mo dh yo~mo+yo~gokbh+ m`~hmh+ xo mof`~hyhg hv ih~'gfjhv ahxoko }ogu`! ]hkyo| u`~ jvv`+ }j'~` ` mjuk`gh mo ih~ghf}jf`+ mou`jv mog f~v` mo }~v ha`v+ ghv aafh y`k}` ovf`kh uh~h u~`f~'k`! Vh y`fh` aò~h ovvh! O~h vo~ ovf~j}`~! F`g`+ u`~g+ yj'yo~ mo kj}o~h}~h0 Oa}` f`go` h }~hnh'kbh~ f`g` l`~ahkjv}h o iafjà~j` unkjf`+ h u~jafuj` og Nok` B`~j|à}o+ o ijahkgoa}o a`^j` mo Lhaoj~`! A`v ja}o~yhk`v+ ovf~oyjh uòghv o bjv}~jhv! B`lo v` >6 `v vov kjy~`vunkjfhm`v+ voam` 86 mo uòvjh+ : mo f~ajfhv o 8 mo fà}`v! B }~hmov mo vhv `n~hvomj}hmhv ah H~doa}jah+ Fbjko+ Uo~+ Fnh+ Ov}hm`v _ajm`v+ U`~}dhk+ Ovuhabh+ I~hah+Hkoghabh+ ]fbof`vk`yxjh o Vfjh!

Ijkb` o ao}` mo ih|oamoj~`v+ a` d`v}hyh mh yjmh ah ~`h+ o voa}jh a` }o~ vhnjm`hu~`yoj}h~ h ù`~}ajmhmo mo fàyyj` f`g h ah}~o|h+ oa}~o ` fhio|hk o ` dhm` mo vo uhj+ghv vo fàvjmo~hyh g ih|oamoj~` m` h~+ }}k` xo mo h g mo vov kjy~`v mo uòvjh!

Oko a` o~h yjv}` og ~oajov v`fjhjv+ aog o~h k mo d~hamov fàyo~vhv+ h a` vo~f`g `v hgjd`v ghjv fbodhm`v! ôvo~yhyh vh }o~a~h uh~h hv f~jhahv o `v njfb`v mo}`mh ovufjo+ o u~`f~hyh ov}h~ h}oa}` ~oa`yh` m` gam` ah kjadhdog+ a`v f`v}'gov o ahv ovuo~hahv m` vo~ bgha`! Ihkofo a` ^j` mo Lhaoj~` og 8:24!

ôf`~mham`

L yjg`v xo }or}` }`mh o xhkxo~ ajmhmo mo jai`~gh` a` fà}or}` mhja}o~h`3 oa}oamoam`'vo ja}o~h` f`g` gh h` oa}~o vloj}`v+ oa}~o ja}o~k`f}`~ov!Yjg`v }hgng xo g }or}` u`mo vo~ `~hk ` ovf~j}`+ kj}o~~j` ` a`'kj}o~~j`+ mo xhk'xo~ or}oav`!




Vof`8

>5

]or}` >

Ovuhdo}o f`g N~f`kjv o ]`gh}o vof`

]or}` 6

=55 d mo ovuh'

do}o 8 rfh~h "fb* mon~f`kjv f`|jm`v

8 }`gh}o vofòg }j~jabhv

> f`kbo~ov "vùh*mo h|oj}o

8 moa}o mo hkb`

ujfhm`

vhk o ujgoa}h'm`'~oja` h d`v}`

F`|jabo ` ghfh~~` og dh xoa}o hnamha}o f`g vhk! Ovf`~~h o ~ovo~yo! Og ghi~jdjmoj~h d~hamo+ hxoh ` h|oj}o o ~oi`do ` hkb` h} m`~h~! La}o ` n~f`kjv o ` }`gh}oo }oguo~o f`g ` vhk o h ujgoa}h'm`'~oja`! Uàbh ` ghfh~~`+ gorh o vj~yh og vodjmh!

Y`f a` xo~ fà}h~ ov}h bjv}~jh uh~h vov ijkb`v+ xo~0

Hlmo h doa}o h f`gnh}o~ `

movgh}hgoa}` mh Hgh|ajh! Ijxovfj` m` D~ooauohfo b`lo!

Hfovvo ` a`vv` vj}o

ttt!d~ooauohfo!`~d!n~` kjdo 5655 42:>?85


23/198


_ajmhmo:

>8

H}jyjmhmo 6

_vo vh ja}j` kjadv}jfh o vo fàbofjgoa}` m` gam` uh~h jmoa}jijfh~ `v }or}`v

hfjgh! U`~ oroguk`+ ` ]or}` 8 }~h| hkdghv jai`~ghov xo y`f l yj og `}~hvajmhmov+ xham` }~hnhkb` f`g }or}`v mo Fh~k`v M~ggàm mo Ham~hmo! Y`f u`mo~~ofàbof'k` f`g` gh nj`d~hijh u`~xo+ f`g` `}~`v }or}`v vogokbha}ov xo y`f lko+ }og f`g` }ogh movf~oyo~ h yjmh mo gh uovv`h aov}o fhv` ` d~hamo uò}h!

h* @ xo ` }or}` >0 U`~ x0

n* @ xo ` }or}` 60 U`~ x0

f* H ~ovu`v}h uo~da}h m` }or}` >+ Y`f a` xo~ fà}h~ ov}h bjv}~jh uh~h vov ijkb`v+xo~0+ nhv}h vo~ vjg ` a`0 U`~ x0 @ xo ovvh uo~da}h u~o}oamo m` koj}`~0

m* U`~ xo hv jai`~ghov m` }or}` > u`mog mjvuoavh~ h jghdog+ ghv hv m` }or}` 6+ a`0

o* ôikj}h v`n~o vhv ~ovu`v}hv o f`guh~o `v }~v }or}`v hfjgh f`g `}~`v vogokbha}ov+xo y`f l fàbofjh! V` vhmhv hv govghv uhkhy~hv o ov}~}~hv kjadv}jfhv0 @ xoy`f jmoa}jijf` mo vogokbha}o a`v }or}`v f`guh~hm`v+ huovh~ mo mjio~oa}ov+ xo koy`y`f h ~ofàbof'k`v f`g` uo~}oafoa}ov h g govg` d~u`0




Vof`8

>>

A` }or}` 8+ y`f umo uo~fono~+ u`~ oroguk`+ xo hv jai`~ghov ov}``~dhaj|hmhv og gh voxafjh mo uh~d~hi`v xo hn`~mhg+ fhmh g+ g hvuof'}` mh yjmh mo Fh~k`v M~ggàm mo Ham~hmo! @ }ogh h yjmh mo g ovf~j}`~ihg`v` iamhgoa}hk uh~h xo ` }or}` volh jmoa}jijfhm` f`g` gh nj`d~hijh+a` jgu`~}ham` orh}hgoa}o xo }ju`v mo jai`~ghov v` oru~ovvhv< u`mog }oa'

mo~ ghjv uh~h ` khm` uovv`hk+ ` ghjv uh~h ` khm` u~ìjvvjàhk+ ` ghjv uh~h hv~h|ov mo vhv ovf`kbhv+ ` ghjv uh~h h movf~j` mo vh `n~h!!!

L a` }or}` > u`mog`v ~ofàbofo~ mhv uh~}ov mjv}ja}hv i`~h h ijd~h `~dhaj|hmhv }or}hkgoa}o mo i`~gh mjio~oa}o gh mh `}~h! _gh uh~}o h oa'go~h` m`v jad~omjoa}ov+ h `}~h+ ` g`m` mo u~ouh~h~ ` u~h}`! Aovvo fhv`+}ha}` ` }ogh xha}` h i`~gh mo mjvu`~ hv jai`~ghov a` }or}` v` jgu`~}ha}ov!Govg` xo a` ov}olh orukjfj}hm` ` vn}}k` g`m` mo u~ouh~`+ a`vvh oruo~j'afjh mo gam` u~ooafbo ovvh khfah o oa}oamog`v ` }~ofb` xo moyo vo~hvvjg ja}o~u~o}hm`!

A` }o~foj~` }or}`+ ` f`guko}` oa}oamjgoa}` mh goavhdog mouoamo }ha}` m`xo mj| ` }or}` kjadv}jf` f`g` ` xo mj| h jghdog! Mouoamo }hgng mo `koj}`~ ~ofàbofo~ h ijd~h fkvvjfh mo Fbhuo|jab` Yo~gokb` vham` h fhujabho ` fhu| yo~gokb`v+ fh~~odham` h fov}jabh! Ghjv jgu`~}ha}o hjamh vhno~ xo `fà}` mo Fbhuo|jab` Yo~gokb` }og f`g` foa~j` gh ik`~ov}h! A` oa}ha}`+govg` voam` aofovv~j` vhno~ }m` jvv`+ ` koj}`~ moyo }hgng vo~ fhuh| mo~ofàbofo~ xo hxj a` vo }~h}h mh bjv}~jh jaiha}jk `~jdjahk+ ghv mo g `}~`}or}` xo }jkj|h ovvo fàbofjgoa}` uh~h mj|o~ hkd` mjio~oa}o< ja}o~u~o}h~ f`~~o}h'goa}o ` }or}` 6 mouoamo }ha}` mhxjk` xo fàbofog`v v`n~o fà}`v jaiha}jvxha}` v`n~o haafj`v unkjfj}~j`v ` u~ùhdhamhv!

ôf`~mham`

Y`f l yj+ a` ]U 8+ _ajmhmo =+ xo fbhghg`v mo ja}o~}or}hkjmhmo ovvh u~ovoahmo `}~hv y`|ov+ mo gh~fhv mo `}~`v }or}`v+ a` }or}` u~`m|jm`!

H` f`guh~h~ ovvh yh~jomhmo mo }or}`v o jmoa}jijfh~ a` xo okov v` vogokbha'}ov o a` xo v` mjio~oa}ov+ y`f ~ofàbofo }~v dao~`v }or}hjv o uo~fono a`xo vo mjv}jadog mo `}~`v! Y`f jmoa}jijf` f`g` dao~`v }or}hjv hv mjio~oa}ovghaoj~hv mo `~dhaj|h~ kjadjv}jfhgoa}o hv jai`~ghov a` }or}`! Y`f ~ofàbofo+u`~ oroguk`+ xo ` }or}` > ov} kjdhm` h h}jyjmhmov mo f`|jabh~! Y`f ~ofàbofo+u`~ oroguk`+ xo ` }or}` 6 a` ` fà}` jaiha}jk+ ghv xo n~jafh f`g a`vv`fàbofjgoa}` v`n~o fà}` o a`v u~ùo gh ~oikor` o gh v`k` h ~ovuoj}`mo gh fo~}h ~ohkjmhmo uh~h a`v yoamo~ gh jmjh!

Uh~h jvv` a` i`j aofovv~j` fàbofo~ gh fkhvvjijfh` u~yjh3 nhv}` vhno~ko~ o oro~fj}h~ vh f`guo}afjh v`fj`f`gajfh}jyh+ vo fàbofjgoa}` mo gam`!Y`f i`j fhuh| mo ih|o~ ovvh jmoa}jijfh` u`~xo l fàbofjh }or}`v uh~ofjm`v o`}~`v xo a` }g ahmh h yo~ f`g ovvov!


25/198


_ajmhmo:

>6

U`~ oaxha}`+ y`f a` u~ofjvh vo u~o`fuh~ f`g `v }}k`v+ a`gov ` ~}k`v

xo h uovxjvh kjadv}jfh ` `v kjy~`v m` h`v mjio~oa}ov dao~`v }or}hjv3 yhg`v}~hnhkbh~+ u~jgoj~hgoa}o+ f`g a`vvh ja}j` mo ihkha}ov mo u`~}dv+ uh~h jmoa}jij'fh~g`v `v mjio~oa}ov g`m`v mo `~dhaj|h` mo hkdav }or}`v! Ghjv }h~mo+ og voovu`v}o~j`~ov+ nvfh~og`v gh vjv}ogh}j|h` f`g fkhvvjijfhov o a`goafkh}~h!

Jgu`~}ha}o

Mo ghaoj~h hn~hadoa}o+ u`mog`v jmoa}jijfh~ f`g` f`guo}afjh v`fj`f`gajfh'}jyh ovvh fhuhfjmhmo uh~h uo~fono~ hv mjio~oahv ah `~dhaj|h` m`v }or}`v! Fhmh gmo av movoay`kyo mjio~oa}ov i`~ghv mo yo~ ` gam`+ jafkvjyo ` gam` mhv uhkh'y~hv+ u`~ mjio~oa}ov fk`v xo a`v v` f`k`fhm`v uokh fk}~h og xo ov}hg`v javo'~jm`v o uokhv a`vvhv oruo~jafjhv uovv`hjv! F`~~ovuàmoam` h ovvhv mjio~oa}ov i`~ghv

mo yo~+ hdjg`v o ~ohdjg`v!]hgng a` v` mh kjadhdog }jkj|hg`v ovvov a`vv`v fk`v xo hmxj~jg`v

oaxha}` yhg`v hu~oamoam` h ihkh~ "o h ovf~oyo~*! Jvv` h xo ov}hg`v fbhgham` ijd'~h}jyhgoa}o mo fk`v v` a`vvhv f`guo}afjhv v`fj`f`gajfh}jyhv! Av+ xham`f~jhahv+ a` hmxj~jg`v huoahv ` fmjd` kjadv}jf` mo a`vv`v uhjv ` mo a`vvh f`g'ajmhmo+ hmxj~jg`v }hgng ghaoj~hv mo yo~ ` gam` o `~dhaj|'k` kjadjv}jfhgoa'}o+ ` volh+ hu~oamog`v }hgng f`gu`~}hgoa}`v kjadv}jf`v< ` xo u`mo+ ` moyo+vo~ mj}`+ ` xo a` u`mo+ ` a` moyo+ vo~ mj}`+ f`g` u`mo+ ` moyo+ vo~ mj}`+ og xhkvj}h`+ o}f!

Ogn`~h hv f`guo}afjhv v`fj`f`gajfh}jyhv volhg hu~oamjmhv ja}j}jyhgoa}o la}`f`g hv uhkhy~hv o hv ov}~}~hv vja}}jfhv mo gh kadh+ okhv a` v` huoahv ja}j}jyhv` jafàvfjoa}ov< }hgng u`mog o moyog vo~ hu~oamjmhv o oavjahmhv ah ovf`kh+` i`~h mokh!

Jgu`~}ha}o

Vhnog`v }hgng+ u`~ a`vvh oruo~jafjh kjadv}jfh o fàbofjgoa}` mo gam`+xo og hkdghv vj}hov `v }or}`v moyog vo~ ovf~j}`v+ a`}~hv moyog vo~ ihkhm`v "``~hjv*3 og `}~hv hjamh+ jamjio~oa}o vo h g`mhkjmhmo ovf~j}h ` `~hk! ]hgng `vmjyo~v`v dao~`v }or}hjv v` ~ohkj|hm`v u`~ }or}`v `~hjv ` u`~ }or}`v ovf~j}`v!

H}jyjmhmo =

ôikj}h v`n~o vhv u~}jfhv f`g }or}`v `~hjv o ovf~j}`v!

h* Fj}o hkdav }ju`v mo }~hnhkb` xo y`f ~ohkj|h ~odkh~goa}o og xo u~ofjvo }jkj|h~ hkadh ovf~j}h!




Vof`8

>=

n* Ha`}o hkdghv mjio~oahv a` v` mh kjadhdog o ah `~dhaj|h` }or}hk movvov }or}`vxo y`f k ` ovf~oyo ~odkh~goa}o!

f* Hv vhv i`~ghv mo f`gajfh` `~hk ahv h}jyjmhmov mj~jhv v` vogu~o jdhjv0 @ xoih| xo y`f }jkj|o yh~jhov ah vh ghaoj~h mo vo f`gajfh~ u`~ }or}`v `~hjv0

m* ôf`kbh+ ahv vhv u~}jfhv v`fjhjv+ mjio~oa}ov }or}`v "ovf~j}`v ` `~hjv* xo y`f ja}j}j'yhgoa}o ~ofàbofo f`g` ~ohkj|h` mo mjio~oa}ov dao~`v!

o* Jmoa}jijxo h ijahkjmhmo uh~h xhk fhmh g m`v }or}`v xo y`f fj}` hfjgh i`j u~`m'|jm`+ ` kjm`+ mj|oam` }hk }or}` i`j u~`m|jm` uh~h!!!

Jam` vhkhmo hkh

Koyo h ~oikor` v`n~o ` fàfoj}` mo }~hnhkb` uh~h vov hka`v! @~dhaj|o ghmjvfvv` v`n~o ` xo fhmh g f`v}gh jmoa}jijfh~ f`g` }~hnhkb`! _}jkj|o d~hy~hv oi`}`v uh~h xo h mjvfvv` volh ghjv ov}jgkha}o o `v }or}`v `~hjv+ ghjv `~dhaj|hm`vu`~xo hu`jhm`v og vj}hov fàf~o}hv! G`v}~o xo hxjk` xo oa}oamog`v v`n~o}~hnhkb` mouoamo mo a`vvhv oruo~jafjhv! ôkhfjào hv h}jyjmhmov xo okov ~ohkj|hg ogvhkh mo hkh h }~hnhkb`!


27/198


_ajmhmo:

>?

8! Kojh f`g vov hka v h nj`d~hijh mo Fh~k`v M~ggàm mo Ham~hmo+ ` mo `}~`

h}`~ fl`v }or}`v l }oabhg vjm` }~hnhkbhm`v og vhkh mo hkh!

>! U~`f~o+ f`g vov hka`v+ og kjy~`v mjm}jf`v+ ` `}~`v h` vo hkfhafo+ `}~ v}or}`v nj`d~ijf`v!

6! Hahkjvo v }or}`v uh~h xo okov jmoa}jijxog xo }ju`v mo jai`~ghov fàv}j}ogg }or}` nj`d~ijf`!

=! U~ùàbh xo fhmh g m`v hka`v okhn`~o vh u~u~jh nj`d~hijh+ ah }o~foj~huovv`h+ f`g` i`j ioj}h h mo Fh~k`v M~ggàm mo Ham~hmo!

@nv! _gh yh~jh` v`n~o ovvh h}jyjmhmo u`mo vo~+ vo b`yo~ u`vvjnjkjmhmo+ `v hka`v

okhn`~h~og h nj`d~hijh mo hkdg jgu`~}ha}o ah ovf`kh ` ah f`gajmhmo!

Hyhahamàh u~}jfh

ôvgjam`

Dao~`v }or}hjv v` ghaoj~hv mo `~dhaj|h~ hv jai`~ghov kjadv}jfhv mo hf`~'m` f`g h ijahkjmhmo m` }or}`+ f`g ` uhuok m`v ja}o~k`f}`~ov o f`g hv fh~hf}o~v}j'fhv mh vj}h`!

Hu~oamog`v h ~ofàbofo~ o }jkj|h~ dao~`v }or}hjv a` govg` u~`fovv` og xohu~oamog`v h vh~ ` fmjd` kjadv}jf`< ~ofàbofoam` ja}j}jyhgoa}o ` xo vo'gokbha}o o ` xo mjio~oa}o a`v mjyo~v`v }or}`v!

M` govg` g`m` xo movoay`kyog`v gh f`guo}afjh kjadv}jfh xham` hu~o'oamog`v ` fmjd` kjadv}jf`+ movoay`kyog`v gh f`guo}afjh v`fj`f`gajfh}jyhxham` hu~ooamog`v f`gu`~}hgoa}`v kjadv}jf`v! H jmoa}jijfh` m`v dao~`v ov}jafkmh aov}h f`guo}afjh v`fj`f`gajfh}jyh!



>9

Vo` >

Dao~`v }or}hjv of`guo}afjh v`fj`f`gajfh}jyh

ôkhfjàh~ dao~`v }or}hjv f`g f`guo}afjh v`fj`f`gajfh}jyh!

@nlo}jy`mh vo`

L yjg`v ah vo` ha}o~j`~ xo+ h` }jkj|h~og ` fmjd` kjadv}jf` ah u~`m'` o ja}o~u~o}h` ` koj}~h mo }or}`v+ `v vloj}`v mh kjadhdog }hgng vo oay`k'yog og h}jyjmhmov mo ja}o~h` xo gh~fhg a`v }or}`v hv fàmjov og xoov}ov v` u~`m|jm`v! fhuhfjmhmo mo ~ofàbofo~ o u~`m|j~ ovvhv gh~fhv fbhgh'g`v f`guo}afjh v`fj`f`gajfh}jyh!

_g oroguk` xo }`m`v av fàbofog`v hxoko og xo gh mo}o~gjahmhuovv`h a` jmoa}jijfh gh vj}h` mo j~àjh ` mo bg`~ o koyh h v~j` hkdghf`jvh xo moyo~jh vo~ huoahv gh n~jafhmoj~h! B g oroguk` mo a`'~ofàbofj'goa}` mhv ja}oaov m` ihkha}o ah vodja}o haom`}h4

Ovvo mjk`d` og i`~gh mo ujhmh dao~` haom`}h jkv}~h mjio~oahv ahhu~ooav` }or}hk xo y` hkg m` xo huoahv kjadv}jf` a` }or}`! ôfàbo'fo~+ ` a`+ h jgu`vvjnjkjmhmo mo gh iov}h }o~ h m~h` mo xja|o ha`v uh~}omh f`guo}afjh v`fj`f`gajfh}jyh m` ihkha}o! H oru~ovv` mo xja|o ha`v i`jo~~àohgoa}o }`ghmh+ a` f`g` xhkjijfh` m` }ju` mo iov}h+ ghv mokjgj}h` m`

}ogu` mo m~h` m` oyoa}`! M` uà}` mo yjv}h d~hgh}jfhk ovvh u`mo vo~+ uo~ioj'}hgoa}o+ gh mhv iaov mh u~ou`vj` mo+ f`g` og hkh mo xh~oa}h gja'}`v+ l`d` mo m`jv }ogu`v+ o}f! V`goa}o g fàbofjgoa}` mo gam` okjgjah}hk ja}o~u~o}h`+ fàm|jam` ` `yja}o ja}o~u~o}h` movolhmh u`~ L`v+ ghva` ~ofàbofjmh u`~ Io~aham`! @ koj}`~ xo ~ofàbofo ovvo ghk'oa}oamjm` ~of`'abofo ` }or}` f`g` ujhmh! @ koj}`~ xo ih| h ja}o~u~o}h` mo Io~aham` a`hu~ooamo ` bg`~ m` }or}`!

@ fà}h}` f`g }or}`v a` a`vv` mjh'h'mjh oro~fj}h a`vvh fhuhfjmhmo mo ~ofàbo'fo~ `v ijav uh~h `v xhjv ov}o ` hxoko }or}` u~`m|jm`! @ ayok mo kjadhdog+ `l`d` oa}~o fà}om`v orukfj}`v o jgukfj}`v+ ` ~ovuoj}` v ~okhov mo ja}o~k`f`

}`~ahg+ hvvjg+ g }or}` hmoxhm` ` a` h vh vj}h` mo u~`m`/koj}~h!Ovvhv v` fh~hf}o~v}jfhv xo moijaog ` v` mo g mo}o~gjahm` dao~`! Aja'

dg f`g g fo~}` movoay`kyjgoa}` mh f`guo}afjh v`fj`f`gajfh}jyh uoavh~jh+u`~ oroguk`+ og ovf~oyo~ g ~oxo~jgoa}` uh~h uomj~ xo kbo i`vvo uhvvhmh h lh~~hmo dh govh m` lha}h~ h a` vo~ xo vo }~h}hvvo mo gh n~jafhmoj~h! H g`mh'kjmhmo ovf~j}h o ` dao~` }or}hk vo~jhg jahu~ù~jhm`v uh~h h `fhvj`! Uo~fono'vovo~+ hvvjg+ jgu`vvyok movyjafkh~ ` dao~` }or}hk mh vj}h` og xo }jkj|hm`` }or}`!

]og`v hxj g f~j}~j` mo fh~hf}o~j|h` mo dao~` }or}hk< dao~` ghjvgh xov}` mo v` m` xo mo i`~gh kjadv}jfh!

Jgu`~}ha}o

Ogn`~h }`m`v av volhg`v fhuh|ov mo }o~ ja}j}jyhgoa}o movoay`kyjmh ovvhf`guo}afjh v`fj`f`gajfh}jyh+ la}hgoa}o f`g h hxjvj` mh kadh gh}o~ah+a`vvh yjmh hmk}h og g gam` ko}~hm` orjdo ~oijahgoa}`v ah jmoa}jijfh` m`v

dao~`v xo moyog yj~ la}hgoa}o f`g ` hu~oamj|hm` vjv}ogh}j|hm` mhv ~od~hv mhkadh o mh okhn`~h` }or}hk! Hv mjijfkmhmov v~dog u`~xo aog }`m`v `v dao'~`v v` fàv}~m`v og vj}hov }` ihfjkgoa}o jmoa}jijfyojv f`g` h mh haom`}h` h m` ~oxo~jgoa}` govh m` lha}h~+ orogukjijfhmhv hfjgh!

ôf`~mham`

L yjg`v+ ah vo` ha}o~j`~+ xo dao~`v }or}hjv v` hv mjio~oa}ov ghaoj~hvmo `~dhaj|h~ kjadjv}jfhgoa}o hv jai`~ghov a` }or}`! Yjg`v }hgng xo hu~oa'mog`v h ~ofàbofo~ o `~dhaj|h~ dao~`v ja}j}jyhgoa}o+ la}` f`g ` hu~oamj|hm`mh kadh!



Dao~`v }or}hjv o f`guo}afjh vfj`'f`gajfh}jyh

Vof`>

>2

]hgng a` }or}` ovf~j}` orjv}o h u~ovoah og u`}oafjhk m` `yja}o/koj}`~3 fhmhg mo av ih| hv hmoxhov aofovv~jhv uh~h xo ` }or}` fgu~h vhv ijahkjmhmov ofbodo f`g h grjgh oijffjh o fkh~o|h mo jmjhv h` koj}`~! Ih| uh~}o mh f`guo}afjhv`fj`f`gajfh}jyh ovvh hmoxh` h` fà}or}`3 ovvo }~hnhkb` uh~h xo ` koj}`~ ` ``yja}o ~ofàboh hv ja}oaov m` ovf~j}`~ ` m` ihkha}o!

H}jyjmhmo 9

h* F`g` y`f uomj~jh+ `~hkgoa}o+ h g f`kodh vo uh~h kbo ogu~ov}h~ g kjy~`0 ]oamòg goa}o ovvo }or}` `~hk+ ~omjlh g njkbo}o h ovvo f`kodh+ ih|oam` ` govg` uomjm`!

n* Uoavo ah f`guh~h` oa}~o `v m`jv }or}`v u~`m|jm`v ` `~hk o ` ovf~j}` o mov}hxohkdghv mjio~oahv+ f`g`+ u`~ oroguk`+ ah oa}àh` mo y`|+ a` oamo~ohgoa}`+ a`vdov}`v xo hf`guhabhg ` uomjm`+ o}f!

f* Vo y`f a` uhvv` u`~ ovvh oruo~jafjh+ ihh gh uovxjvh v`n~o h `~dhaj|h`}or}hk mo g ~oxo~jgoa}`! Okhn`~o+ oa}`+ g }or}` mo ~oxo~jgoa}` v`kjfj}ham` vhgh}~fkh og hkdg f~v`!

ôf`~mham`

L i`j yjv}` og `}~hv ajmhmov xo+ og gh hn`~mhdog mo kadh f`g` ja}o~h`+

k`f}`~ o ja}o~k`f}`~+ ovf~j}`~ o koj}`~ v` f`'h}`~ov og gh u~`m` }or}hk! Ovvh f`'h}`~jh ijfh ghjv fkh~h xham` ` }or}` `~hk o ja}o~yoaov m` `yja}o `f`~~og vjgk}h'aohgoa}o oaafjh` m` }or}`!


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>:

m* F`guh~o ` njkbo}o u~`m|jm` uh~h ` f`kodh o ` ~oxo~jgoa}`! Mov}hxo hkdghvmjio~oahv a`v m`jv }or}`v!

o* U`~ xo `f`~~og ovvhv mjio~oahv0

Y`f u`mo uo~fono~ xo+ ogn`~h `v }~v }or}`v u~`m|jm`v uh~h h h}jyjmhmo 9}~h}og mo uomjm`v+ ` v`kjfj}hov+ ` ayok i`~ghk ` jai`~ghk mo kjadhdog+ ` }ju`mo vj}h`+ h ~okh` v`fjhk oa}~o `v ja}o~k`f}`~ov o hv ijahkjmhmov mhv h}jyjmhmov movoa'y`kyjmhv a` v` jdhjv! U`~ jvv`+ koyhg`v og fàvjmo~h` }`m`v ovvov okogoa}`v f`gùh~}o ja}od~ha}o mhv ovf`kbhv kjadv}jfhv xo ih|og`v h` fàv}~j~ g }or}`+ }ha}` `~hk+xha}` ovf~j}`! @ volh< a` huoahv ovf`kbog`v hv uhkhy~hv o hv i~hvov uh~h f`gu`~ g}or}`+ f`g` }hgng ovf`kbog`v ` dao~` og xo yhg`v ~ohkj|h~ ovvo }or}`! O ` ghjvja}o~ovvha}o xo gj}hv yo|ov vhnog`v ovf`kbo~ ovvo dao~` vog h` goa`v }o~ hu~oa'mjm` jvv` ah ovf`kh! Vhnog`v jvv`+ u`~xo movoay`kyog`v ovvo fàbofjgoa}` la}` f`ga`vvh ja}j` kjadv}jfh!

Ghv jgu`~}ha}o mov}hfh~ xo h ghj`~ uh~}o movvhv ovf`kbhv a` kjy~o< orjv}o ghbjv}~jh fk}~hk xo a`v `~joa}h uh~h xo+ v`fjhk o fk}~hkgoa}o+ fhmh g mo av}hgng ~oyoko vh u`vj` ahv ~omov v`fjhjv og xo fj~fkh vov uhujv v`fjhjv o moxo g`m`v xo~og`v xo `v `}~`v a`v yolhg! Ovvh ovf`kbh m` dao~` `nomofo hbnj}`v fk}~hkgoa}o fàv}~m`v o h mo}o~gjahov bjv}~jfhv!

Hkdav }or}`v }g+ hvvjg+ moijajm` mo ha}og`+ ` dao~` og xo l moyog vo~u~`m|jm`v+ `}~`v hmgj}og gh fo~}h ikorjnjkjmhmo! @ ~oxo~jgoa}`+ xo yjg`v+ ghi`~gh ~djmh mo }or}` xo a` hmgj}o gmhahv! Ovvh orjdafjh v`fjhk+ fk}~hk ojav}j}fjàhk! A` u`mog`v mov~ovuoj}'kh vo xjvo~g`v }o~ a`vv` uomjm` h}oamjm`! Ghv

gh fh~}h uovv`hk+ u`~ oroguk`+ u`mo vo~ ovf~j}h og yo~v`! _g }or}` h~dgoa}h}jy`+ xoyjvh fàyoafo~ ` koj}`~ mo gh mo}o~gjahmh jmjh+ u`mo vh~ gh bjv}`~jabh ` gfà}`+ ` gh jkv}~h` f`g` h~dgoa}`! Mouoamoam` mh vj}h` mo f`gajfh`+orjv}og dao~`v xo hmgj}og+ hvvjg+ gh fo~}h gjv}~h!

Mouoamoam` m`v a`vv`v `nlo}jy`v o mh jghdog xo }og`v m`v a`vv`v ja}o~k`f'}`~ov+ ih|og`v a`vvhv ùov kjadv}jfhv+ }ha}` mo ayok mo i`~ghkjmhmo mh kjadhdogf`g` mo y`fhnk~j`+ u`~ oroguk`! ]hgng+ mouoamoam` mh vj}h`+ ovf`kbog`vf`g` yhg`v `~dhaj|h~ h voxafjh }or}hk ` volh+ moijajg`v xhk dao~` vo~ `ghjv hmoxhm` uh~h h f`gajfh`!

Jgu`~}ha}o




Vof`>

65

ôuo}jg`v< u`~ ~h|ov bjv}~jfhv+ hkdav }or}`v+ f`g` ` yo~no}o xo yo~og`v hnhjr`+vodog ~od~hv ~djmhv mo i`~gkh`3 `}~`v hmgj}og gh ja}o~yoa` ghj`~ mh vnlo}jyj'mhmo mo vo h}`~! Jvv` yhj mouoamo~ mhv ~okhov v`fjhjv oa}~o `v ja}o~k`f}`~ov o hvijahkjmhmov m` }or}`3 oaijg+ mh vj}h` v`fj`f`gajfh}jyh m` }or}`!

A`vvh oruo~jafjh mj~jh a`v f`k`fh i~oa}o h i~oa}o f`g mjyo~v`v dao~`v }or}hjv+ xo

u`mog vo~ moijajm`v f`g` oaafjhm`v ~okh}jyhgoa}o ov}yojv+ ghv a` ov}}jf`v! V` ov}yojvu`~xo u`mog`v yo~ aokov xo }g mo jdhk o xo }g mo mjio~oa}o og ~okh` h }~`v}or}`v! Fàvjmo~h'vo ov}hnjkjmhmo ` fàla}` mo gh~fhv ah `~dhaj|h` }or}hk xo a`vkoyh h mofjmj~ vo g }or}` gh fh~}h+ gh nj`d~hijh+ gh haom`}h+ gh ~ofoj}h+ o}f!

Ghv ov}hnjkjmhmo a` xo~ mj|o~ ~jdjmo|+ u`~ jvv`+ dao~`v }or}hjv a` v` ov}}jf`v! Fhmh d~u` ovf`kbo g u`~}h'y`| o g ~ou~ovoa}ha}o uh~h j~ h` xhm~`!

Hyhahamàh u~}jfh




Vof`>

6>

6! Fhmh d~u` moyo mh~ gh moijaj` mo }~hnhkb` fhmh yo| xo y`f mjvvo~! ôvf~oyh gh mhv yo~vov mh inkh hfjgh og g mjhko}` ` ~odjv}~` kjadv}jf`mjio~oa}o mhxoko xo i`j ogu~odhm` u`~ Gà}oj~` K`nh}`!

m* Hahkjvo vo }or}` o jmoa}jijxo xog vo~jhg `v ja}o~k`f}`~ov hu~ù~jhm`v uh~h u~`m'|j~ ovvo }or}`3 og xo vj}h` v`fjhk oko vo~jh hmoxhm`0



Fkhvvjijfham` dao~`v }or}hjv

Vof`6

=5

o* @ }or}` xo y`f u~`m|j og "F* fà}jah h vo~ gh inkh0 U`~ x0

Hv h}jyjmhmov mov}h vo` g`v}~hg xo }`m` }or}` vo ghajiov}h vogu~o ag à`}~` dao~` }or}hk! Govg` xo g dao~` volh vhm` uh~h ijahkjmhmov mjio~oa}ovmhxokhv og xo ` dao~` a`~ghkgoa}o fàv}~m`+ h fhmh h}jyjmhmo }or}hk f`~'~ovuàmo g dao~`! @ volh+ uh~h xo g }or}` }oabh vh oijffjh f`g` }~hnhkb`kjadv}jf`+ jgu`~}ha}o }hgng ~ovuoj}h~ hv orjdafjhv v`fjhjv o mjvf~vjyhv mo fhmhvj}h` mo f`gajfh`!

Fàvjmo~hg`v+ hvvjg+ xo `v }or}`v a` v` jamouoamoa}ov mhv u~}jfhv v`fjhjvo mhv u~}jfhv mjvf~vjyhv og xo v` fàv}~m`v! Oa}oamhg`v hxj+ f`g` u~}jfhvv`fjhjv+ ` fàla}` mo hov "` h}jyjmhmov* xo gh f`gajmhmo ov}hnokofo bjv}`~j'fhgoa}o f`g` `~dhaj|hm`~hv mo vo g`m` mo yjyo~! O f`g` u~}jfhv mjvf~vjyhv `vf`gu`~}hgoa}`v kjadv}jf`v "mjvf~vjy`v* u`~ goj` m`v xhjv ovvhv u~}jfhv v`fjhjv

v~dog o vo gha}g!

Fhmh yo| xo a`v oru~ovvhg`v kjadjv}jfhgoa}o ov}hg`v ih|oam` hkd` v`fjhk+ov}hg`v hdjam`+ ov}hg`v }~hnhkbham`! Fhmh u~`m` }or}hk+ `~hk ` ovf~j}h+ ~ohkj|hg dao~` u`~xo g }~hnhkb` v`fjhk o mjvf~vjy`! Hv u~}jfhv v`fjhjv ` mjvf~vj'

yhv+ u`~ vh yo|+ mo}o~gjahg ` dao~` hmoxhm`!

Jgu`~}ha}o

Mou`jv mo ih|o~ hv h}jyjmhmov u~ù`v}hv+ y`f+ f`g` ihkha}o mo kadh u`~}dovh+l }o~ fàmjov mo mj|o~ hkdgh f`jvh h ~ovuoj}` mo dao~`v }or}hjv! Ja}j}jyhgoa}oy`f fhuh| mo ~ofàbofo~ mjio~oahv o vogokbhahv ahv ghaoj~hv uokhv xhjv `~dhaj|hvov }or}`v mo f`gajfh`! ah}~hk xo hkdav volhg ghjv ihfjkgoa}o ~ofàbofjm`v+`}~`v+ goa`v! xokov f`g ghj`~ fj~fkh` a` a`vv` mjh'h'mjh v`g`v fhuh|ov moh}~jnj~ hv fh~hf}o~v}jfhv iamhgoa}hjv xo `v mov}hfhg m`v `}~`v! Uh~h hkdav `}~`v+}og`v xo hu~oamo~ uokh hakjvo mo vh ov}~}~h!

F`g` hv fkhvvjijfhov mo dao~`v }or}hjv v` vogu~o kjdhmhv vj}h` mo v` m`}or}`+ hv ijahkjmhmov uh~h hv xhjv g }or}` u~`m|jm` u`mog hk}o~h~ h fkhvvjijfh`jajfjhk! U`~ jvv`+ fhmh }or}` v hmgj}o fkhvvjijfh` huv h hakjvo mo }`m`v `v ih}`~ov xooay`kyog vh fàv}~`< h ov}~}~h kjadv}jfh+ hv ijahkjmhmov m` }or}` o h vj}h`v`fjhk m`v ja}o~k`f}`~ov!


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_ajmhmo:

=8

Hyhahamàh u~}jfh

Jam` vhkhmo hkh

Koyo+ ahv h}jyjmhmov f`g }or}`v+ ovvo }~hnhkb` mo ~ofàbofjgoa}` ja}j}jy` h`v vov

hka`v! O movuo~}o }hgng aokov h ~oikor` v`n~o `v g`m`v f`g` }hgng okov vo f`g'ajfhg+ vog xo volh aofovv~j` ih|o~ fkhvvjijfhov u~yjhv aog ~djmhv3 huoahv g }~h'nhkb` mo ~ofàbofjgoa}` jai`~ghk h ~ovuoj}` m`v dao~`v }or}hjv!

8! Kojh hnhjr` gh }o~foj~h yo~v` mh inkh H FJDH^^H O H I@^GJDH f`gvov hka`v!

>! U~ùàbh oro~ffj`v mo ja}o~u~o}h` m` }or}` o ~oikor` v`n~o `v fàfoj}`vmo }~hnhkb` mh fjdh~~h o mh i`~gjdh!

6! Mov}hxo h i`~gh u`}jfh+ f`g ~jgh+ g}~jfh o aihvo a` ukha` và`~` uh~hf`guh~h~ f`g `v }or}`v mo Gà}oj~` K`nh}`+ xo ov}` og u~`vh! I`fhkj|o+ u~jafjuhk'goa}o+ h vogokbhah a` }ogh o h mjio~oah ah f`gu`vj` kjadv}jfh! Hvvjg `vhka`v f`gohg h ijfh~ h}oa}`v uh~h m`jv m`v f~j}~j`v og xo vo nhvojh h fkhvvjijfh'` mo dao~`v }or}hjv!

=! U~ùàbh xo `v hka`v ovf~oyhg gh ` mhv i~hvov v`n~o h g`~hk mh

bjv}~jh xo fhmh gh mhv yo~vov hmgj}o!?! Orukjfj}o+ a` xhm~` aod~`+ hv fh~hf}o~v}jfhv xo ih|og movvov }or}`v gh

inkh< uo~vàhdoav+ }oghv+ ja}oaov m` h}`~+ fàfkvov m` koj}`~!

9! Vo vov hka`v l u`mog ja}o~u~o}h~ }or}`v ghjv moav`v+ ` vo y`f u~oio~j~}~hnhkbh~ f`g `}~`v dao~`v+ y`f u`mo~ ovf`kbo~ g m`v `}~`v dao~`v xo i`~hg`nlo}` mo a`vvhv ~oikorov aov}h ajmhmo! @ jgu`~}ha}o xo y`f ìo~oh h`v hk'a`v m`jv ` ghjv }or}`v uh~h xo hv fh~hf}o~v}jfhv mo g mo}o~gjahm` dao~` volhgmo}of}hmhv h uh~}j~ mh f`guh~h` oa}~o }or}`v!

H fjdh~~h o h i`~gjdhKh Ià}hjao

H fjdh~~h+ vog uoavh~og dh~mh~h fha}h~ uhvv` ` yo~`!Ojv xo fbodh ` jayo~a`+ o oa}`+vog u~`yjv` ah movuoavh+f`g` vhmh+ okh uoavh

og ~of`~~o~ h gh hgjdh



Fkhvvjijfham` dao~`v }or}hjv

Vof`6

=>

h} ` n`g }ogu` y`k}h~!' Ha}ov mo hd`v}` fbodh~+u`mo ov}h~ fo~}h h Voab`~h8 o 89:?! ]`~a`'voihg`v` u`~ ovf~oyo~ inkhv javuj~hmhvog fkvvjf`v d~od`v o kh}ja`v+ f`g` Ov`'u`+ Iom~` o B`~fj` "xo }hgng }jabhgovf~j}` inkhv*! Og vhv bjv}~jhv oa}~hgokogoa}`v mo f`gmjh o ah~~h}jyh m~h'

g}jfh+ f`g u~ùvj}`v g`~hkj|ha}ov!Vov uo~vàhdoav+ ah ghj`~jh hajghjvxo vo f`gu`~}hg f`g` vo~ov bgh'a`v+ vo~yog uh~h ~jmjfkh~j|h~ `v moioj'}`v bgha`v+ huà}ham` h ah}~o|hf`g` oroguk` h vodj~ ah fàxjv}hmh iokjfjmhmo!


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Koj}~hv vdo~jmhv

N^HAM@+ B! A! "f``~m!*! Dao~`v m` mjvf~v` ah ovf`kh! V` Uhk`< F`~}o|+ >555!

g y`kgo xo ja}od~h gh f`ko` moa`gjahmh Hu~oamo~ o Oavjah~ f`g ]or'}`v! Fhmh g m`v vojv fhu}k`v hvvjahm` u`~ g h}`~ mjio~oa}o o+ hkg mo ghja}~`m` }o~jfh+ hn`~mh dao~`v f`g` gj}`+ fà}`+ f`~mok+ mjvf~v` u`k}jf` o mjykdh`fjoa}ijfh! Govg` h uh~}o }o~jfh+ xo }~h}h mo y~jhv u~ù`v}hv mo }ju`k`djhv a` fhgu`mh kjadv}jfh+ ov} ih~}hgoa}o ~ofbohmh mo oroguk`v o hakjvov }or}hjv! gh `n~h~of`goamyok a` huoahv uokhv ~oikorov o fà}om` jai`~gh}jy` xo }~h|+ ghv }hgnguok`v oro~ffj`v v`n~o `v dao~`v xo u~ùo!

MJ@AVJ@+ H! U!3 GHFBHM@+ H! ^! o NO\O^^H+ G!H! "`~dv!*! Dao~`v }or}hjv ) oavj'a`! ^j` mo Lhaoj~`< Kfo~ah K}mh!+ >55>!

]~h}h'vo mo gh `n~h og mhv uh~}ov+ f`gu`v}h u`~ `j}` h~}jd`v ah u~jgoj~h uh~}o Vu`~}ov }o~jf`v o u~}jfhv mo oavja` o vo}o ah vodamh uh~}o Dao~`v }or}hjv ahgmjh ovf~j}h o oavja`! V` }`m`v ovf~j}`v u`~ uovxjvhm`~ov f`g d~hamo oruo~jafjh ahv~oh mh kjadhdog o m` oavja`! Mov}hfh'vo ovuofjhkgoa}o ` fhu}k` Dao~`v }or}hjv55>!

g kjy~` momjfhm` h }~h}h~ ` }or}` f`g` g fàv}~}` bjv}~jf` o v`fjhk+ or}~ogh'goa}o f`gukor` o gk}jihfo}hm`! @ kjy~` vo mofkh~h g uoxoa` ih~`k h `~joa}h~ ovvhfàv}ha}o fhh h` voa}jm` xo fh~hf}o~j|h h ovufjo bghah! Hn`~mh }ha}` hv fh~hf}o'~v}jfhv }or}hjv f`g` fòv`+ fò~afjh o u~`d~ovv` }og}jfh f`g` `v dao~`v ogxo `v }or}`v vo ~ohkj|hg! F`g` `}~hv `n~hv mh h}`~h+ uh~}o mh fàvjmo~h` mh kjadh'dog f`g` h`+ f`g` h}jyjmhmo fàv}j}}jyh!

YJKOKH+ G! o C@FB+ J! D! Y! D~hg}jfh mh Kadh U`~}dovh! F`jgn~h< Kjy~h~jh Hkgo'mjah+ >558!

]~h}h'vo mo gh d~hg}jfh f`guko}h o h}hkj|hmh mh kadh u`~}dovh! F`guo'vomo }~v uh~}ov< d~hg}jfh mh uhkhy~h+ d~hg}jfh mh i~hvo+ d~hg}jfh m` }or}`/mjvf~v`!

aov}h k}jgh uh~}o xo oafà}~hg`v ~okoyha}ov ~oikorov v`n~o `v dao~`v+ h~}jfkhmhvf`g g mo}hkbhm` ov}m` v`n~o h fàv}j}j` }or}hk! @v h}`~ov m` aihvo h fkhvvjij'fhov m` dao~` }jkj}~j`+ f`g` fbhghg ` }or}` a`'kj}o~~j`!



==

Njnkj`d~hijh

NHCB]JA+ G! Ov}}jfh mh f~jh` yo~nhk! V` Uhk`< Gh~}jav Ià}ov+ 8::>!

N^HAM@+ B! A! "f``~m!*! Dao~`v m` mjvf~v` ah ovf`kh! V` Uhk`< F`~}o|+ >555!

N^@AFCH^]+ L! U! H}jyjmhmov mo kjadhdog+ }or}`v o mjvf~v`v! ]~hm` mo Haah hfbokGhfbhm`! V` Uhk`< OM_F Omj}`~h mh U_F+ 8:::!

MJ@AVJ@+ H! U!3 GHFBHM@+ H! ^! o NO\O^^H+ G! H ! "`~dv!*! Dao~`v }or}hjv )oavja`! ^j` mo Lhaoj~`< Kfo~ah K}mh!+ >55>!

C@FB+ J! D+ Y! Movyoamham` `v vod~om`v m` }or}`! V` Uhk`< F`~}o|+ >55>!

GH^F_VFBJ+ K! H! Dao~`v }or}hjv3 fàv}j}j` o u~}jfhv v`fjhjv! V` Uhk`< F`~}o|!"a` u~ok`*

PPP! Mh ihkh uh~h h ovf~j}h! V` Uhk`< F`~}o|+ >558!PPP! Gh~fhv mo ja}o~h}jyjmhmo a` u~`fovv` mo }or}hkj|h` ah ovf~j}h! Og< Vogja~j`

mo Ijk`k`djh o Kadh U`~}dovh+ 8!!! Hahjv! V` Uhk`+ 8:::! u!86:'8??!

VFBAO_TKZ+ N! o M@K\+ L! @v dao~`v ovf`kh~ov mhv u~}jfhv ovf`kh~ov h`v `nlo}`v mooavja`! ôyjv}h N~hvjkoj~h mo Omfh`+ a!88+ 8:::! u! ?'9!

YJKOKH+ G! o C@FB+ J! D! Y! D~hg}jfh mh Kadh U`~}dovh! F`jgn~h< Kjy~h~jh Hkgomjah+>558!


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Hgukjham` a`vvhv ~oio~afjhv

Dao~`v }or}hjv< moijaj` o iafjàhkjmhmoKj| Ha}aj` Gh~fvfbj

8! Dao~`v }or}hjv f`g` u~}jfhv vfj`'bjv}~jfhv

L vo }`~a` }~jyjhk h jmjh mo xo `v dao~`v }or}hjv v` ioagoa`v bjv}~jf`v+u~ìamhgoa}o yjafkhm`v yjmh fk}~hk o v`fjhk! I~}` mo }~hnhkb` f`ko}jy`+ `v dao~`vfà}~jnog uh~h `~moah~ o ov}hnjkj|h~ hv h}jyjmhmov f`gajfh}jyhv m` mjh'h'mjh! V` oa'}jmhmov vfj`'mjvf~vjyhv o i`~ghv mo h` v`fjhk jafà}`~ayojv og xhkxo~ vj}h`f`gajfh}jyh! A` oa}ha}`+ govg` hu~ovoa}ham` hk}` u`mo~ u~omj}jy` o ja}o~u~o}h}jy` mhvhov bghahv og xhkxo~ fà}or}` mjvf~vjy`+ `v dao~`v a` v` jav}~goa}`v ov}ha'xov o oa~jlofom`~ov mh h` f~jh}jyh! Fh~hf}o~j|hg'vo f`g` oyoa}`v }or}hjv hk}hgoa}oghkoyojv+ mjagjf`v o ukv}jf`v! V~dog oguh~okbhm`v h aofovvjmhmov o h}jyjmhmov

v`fj`fk}~hjv+ nog f`g` ah ~okh` f`g ja`yhov }ofa`kdjfhv+ ` xo ihfjkgoa}ouo~fou}yok h` vo fàvjmo~h~ h xha}jmhmo mo dao~`v }or}hjv b`lo orjv}oa}ov og ~okh`h v`fjomhmov ha}o~j`~ov f`gajfh` ovf~j}h!

Xha}` h ovvo k}jg` hvuof}`+ gh vjgukov `nvo~yh` bjv}~jfh m` v~djgoa}` m`vdao~`v ~oyokh xo+ agh u~jgoj~h ihvo+ u`y`v mo fk}~h ovvoafjhkgoa}o `~hk movoay`k'yo~hg g fàla}` kjgj}hm` mo dao~`v! Huv h jayoa` mh ovf~j}h hkihn}jfh u`~ y`k}hm` vfk` YJJ H!F!+ gk}jukjfh~hg'vo `v dao~`v+ v~djam` `v }ujf`v mh ovf~j}h! Agh}o~foj~h ihvo+ h uh~}j~ m` vfk` RY+ `v dao~`v oruhamj~hg'vo f`g ` ik`~ovfjgoa}` mhfk}~h jgu~ovvh uh~h+ ah ihvo ja}o~gomj~jh mo jamv}~jhkj|h` jajfjhmh a` vfk` RYJJJ+mh~ jafj` h gh d~hamo hgukjh`! B`lo+ og ukoah ihvo mh moa`gjahmh fk}~h oko}~'

ajfh+ f`g ` }okoiào+ ` d~hyhm`~+ ` ~mj`+ h ]Y o+ uh~}jfkh~goa}o+ ` f`gu}hm`~ uovv`hko vh hukjfh` ghjv a`}yok+ h ja}o~ao}+ u~ovoafjhg`v gh oruk`v` mo a`y`v dao~`v oa`yhv i`~ghv mo f`gajfh`+ }ha}` ah `~hkjmhmo f`g` ah ovf~j}h!

Jv}` ~oyokhm`~ m` ih}` mo xo `v dao~`v }or}hjv v~dog+ vj}hg'vo o ja}od~hg'voiafjàhkgoa}o ahv fk}~hv og xo vo movoay`kyog! Fh~hf}o~j|hg'vo gj}` ghjv u`~vhv iaov f`gajfh}jyhv+ f`daj}jyhv o jav}j}fjàhjv m` xo u`~ vhv uofkjh~jmhmovkjadv}jfhv o ov}~}~hjv! V` mo mjifjk moijaj` i`~ghk+ moyoam` vo~ fà}ogukhm`v ogvov v`v o fàmjfjàhgoa}`v v`fjù~hdg}jf`v fh~hf}o~j|hm`v f`g` u~}jfhv v`fj`'mjvf~vjyhv! Xhvo jago~`v og mjyo~vjmhmo mo i`~ghv+ `n}g moa`gjahov aog vog'

u~o ay`fhv o+ hvvjg f`g` v~dog u`mog movhuh~ofo~!S!!!W

>! A`y`v dao~`v o yokbhv nhvov

F`g` hij~ghm`+ a` mjifjk fàv}h}h~ xo a`v k}jg`v m`jv vfk`v i`~hg hv a`yhv}ofa`k`djhv+ og ovuofjhk hv kjdhmhv ~oh mh f`gajfh`+ xo u~ùjfjh~hg ` v~djgoa}`mo a`y`v dao~`v }or}hjv! U`~ fo~}`+ a` v` u~ù~jhgoa}o hv }ofa`k`djhv uo~ vo xo`~jdjahg `v dao~`v o vjg h ja}oavjmhmo m`v v`v movvhv }ofa`k`djhv o vhv ja}o~io~afjhvahv h}jyjmhmov f`gajfh}jyhv mj~jhv! Hvvjg+ `v d~hamov vu`~}ov }ofa`kdjf`v mh f`g'ajfh` }hjv f`g` ` ~mj`+ h }okoyjv`+ ` l`~ahk+ h ~oyjv}h+ h ja}o~ao}+ u`~ }o~og gh

u~ovoah gh~fha}o o d~hamo foa}~hkjmhmo ahv h}jyjmhmov f`gajfh}jyhv mh ~ohkjmhmo v`'fjhk xo hlmhg h f~jh~+ y` u`~ vh yo| u~ùjfjham` o hn~jdham` dao~`v a`y`v nhv}ha}ofh~hf}o~v}jf`v! Mh v~dog i`~ghv mjvf~vjyhv a`yhv+ }hjv f`g` omj}`~jhjv+ h~}jd`v moiam`+ a`}fjhv+ }okoiàoghv+ }okod~hghv+ }okogoavhdoav+ }okofàio~afjhv+



=9

yjmo`fàio~afjhv+ ~ou`~}hdoav h` yjy`+ fh~}hv oko}~ajfhv "o'ghjkv*+ nh}o'uhu`v yj~}hjv+hkhv yj~}hjv o hvvjg u`~ mjha}o!

Vod~hgoa}o+ ovvov a`y`v dao~`v a` v` ja`yhov hnv`k}hv+ xhjv f~jhovhn `y`+ vog gh haf`~hdog og `}~`v dao~`v l orjv}oa}ov! @ ih}` l i`~h a`}hm` u`~

Nhcb}ja S8::4W xo ihkhyh ah }~havg}h` m`v dao~`v o ah hvvjgjkh` mo gdao~` u`~ `}~` do~ham` a`y`v! H }ofa`k`djh ihy`~ofo ` v~djgoa}` mo i`~ghv ja`yh'm`~hv+ ghv a` hnv`k}hgoa}o a`yhv! Yolh'vo ` fhv` m` }okoiàogh+ xo hu~ovoa}hvjgjkh~jmhmo f`g h fàyo~vh` xo kbo u~oorjv}o+ ghv xo+ uok` fhahk }okoiajf`+ ~ohkj'|h'vo f`g fh~hf}o~v}jfhv u~u~jhv! Mh h mjio~oah oa}~o gh fàyo~vh` ihfo h ihfo og }okoiàogh f`g hv ov}~h}djhv xo kbo v` uofkjh~ov!@ o'ghjk "f`~~oj` oko}~ajf`*do~h goavhdoav oko}~ajfhv xo }g ahv fh~}hv "uovv`hjv+ f`go~fjhjv o}f!* o a`v njkbo}ov+vov ha}ofovv`~ov! Fà}m`+ hv fh~}hv oko}~ajfhv v` dao~`v a`y`v f`g jmoa}jmhmovu~u~jhv+ f`g` vo yo~ a` ov}m` v`n~o dao~`v ogo~doa}ov ah gmjh yj~}hk!

_g hvuof}` foa}~hk a` fhv` movvov o mo `}~`v dao~`v ogo~doa}ov h a`yh

~okh` xo jav}h~hg f`g `v v`v mh kjadhdog f`g` }hk! Og fo~}` voa}jm`+ u`vvjnjkj'}hg h ~omoijaj` mo hkdav hvuof}`v foa}~hjv ah `nvo~yh` mh kjadhdog og v`+f`g`+ u`~ oroguk`+ h ~okh` oa}~o h `~hkjmhmo o h ovf~j}h+ movih|oam` hjamh ghjv hvvhv i~à}oj~hv! Ovvov dao~`v xo ogo~dj~hg a` k}jg` vfk` a` fà}or}` mhv ghjvmjyo~vhv gmjhv f~jhg i`~ghv f`gajfh}jyhv u~u~jhv f`g g fo~}` bjn~jmjvg` xomovhijh hv ~okhov oa}~o `~hkjmhmo o ovf~j}h o jayjhnjkj|h mo i`~gh moijaj}jyh h yokbhyjv` mjf`}gjfh hjamh u~ovoa}o og gj}`v ghahjv mo oavja` mo kadh! Ovvov dao~`v}hgng uo~gj}og `nvo~yh~ h ghj`~ ja}od~h` oa}~o `v y~j`v }ju`v mo vogj`vov< vjda`vyo~nhjv+ vàv+ jghdoav o i`~ghv og g`yjgoa}`! H kjadhdog m`v a`y`v dao~`v }`~ah'vo fhmh yo| ghjv ukv}jfh+ hvvogokbham`'vo h gh f`~o`d~hijh o+ a` fhv` mhv unkjfj'

mhmov+ u`~ oroguk`+ a`}h'vo gh }oamafjh h vo~yj~og'vo mo ghaoj~h vjv}og}jfh m`vi`~gh}`v mo dao~`v u~yj`v uh~h `nlo}jy`v a`y`v! F`g` fo~}`v dao~`v l }g gmo}o~gjahm` v` o iafjàhkjmhmo+ vo jayov}jgoa}` og `}~` xhm~` f`gajfh}jy` oiafjàhk uo~gj}o oaih}j|h~+ f`g ghj`~ yjd`~+ `v a`y`v `nlo}jy`v!

Xha}` h ov}o k}jg` hvuof}`+ n`g vhkjoa}h~ xo ogn`~h `v dao~`v }or}hjv a`vo fh~hf}o~j|og aog vo moijahg u`~ hvuof}`v i`~ghjv+ volhg okov ov}~}~hjv kjadv}jf`v+o vjg u`~ hvuof}`v v`fj`f`gajfh}jy`v o iafjàhjv+ jvv` a` xo~ mj|o~ xo ov}olhg`vmovu~o|ham` h i`~gh! U`jv oyjmoa}o+ f`g` vo yo~+ xo og gj}`v fhv`v v` hv i`~ghvxo mo}o~gjahg ` dao~` o+ og `}~`v }ha}`v+ vo~` hv iaov! Fà}m`+ bhyo~ fhv`vog xo vo~ ` u~u~j` vu`~}o ` ` hgnjoa}o og xo `v }or}`v huh~ofog xo mo}o~gjahg` dao~` u~ovoa}o! Vuàbhg`v ` fhv` mo g mo}o~gjahm` }or}` xo huh~ofo agh~oyjv}h fjoa}ijfh o fàv}j}j g dao~` moa`gjahm` h~}jd` fjoa}ijf`3 jghdjaog`v hd`'~h ` govg` }or}` unkjfhm` ag l`~ahk mj~j` o oa}` oko vo~jh g h~}jd` mo mjykdh`fjoa}ijfh! fkh~` xo b mjv}jaov nhv}ha}o fkh~hv xha}` h`v m`jv dao~`v+ ghv uh~h hf`gajmhmo fjoa}ijfh+ v`n ` uà}` mo yjv}h mo vhv fkhvvjijfhov+ g }~hnhkb` unkjfh'm` agh ~oyjv}h fjoa}ijfh ` ag l`~ahk mj~j` a` }g h govgh fkhvvjijfh` ah bjo~h~'xjh mo yhk`~ov mh u~`m` fjoa}ijfh+ ogn`~h volh ` govg` }or}`! Hvvjg+ ag u~jgoj~`g`goa}` u`mog`v mj|o~ xo hv oru~ovvov govg` }or}` o govg` dao~` a` v`h}`gh}jfhgoa}o oxjyhkoa}ov! Movmo xo a` ov}olhg+ a` govg` vu`~}o! Ov}ov hvuof'}`v vdo~og fh}okh xha}` h fàvjmo~h~ ` u~om`gaj` mo i`~ghv ` iaov uh~h hmo}o~gjah` o jmoa}jijfh` mo g dao~`!

S!!!W"~o}j~hm` mo Mjàvj`+ H ! U! o} hkjj! Dao~`v ]or}hjv ) Oavja`+ ^j` mo Lhaoj~`< Omj}`~h Kfo~ah+ >55>*


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_ajmhmo:

=4

Xov}ov v`n~o ` }or}` mo ~oio~afjh

8! U`~ xo dao~`v a` v` jav}~goa}`v ov}haxov o oa~jlofom`~ov mh h` f~jh}jyh0

>! U`~ xo `v dao~`v v` fh~hf}o~j|hm`v f`g` u~}jfhv mjvf~vjyhv+ ` u~}jfhv v`fj`f`'gajfh}jyhv+ o a` f`g` u~}jfhv kjadv}jfhv0

6! H uhkhy~h vu`~}o huh~ofo y~jhv yo|ov a` }or}` uh~h movjdah~ hkd` kjdhm` h` }or}` o

h` dao~`! H uh~}j~ m` f`a}or}`+ h xo y`f hfbh xo okh vo ~oio~o0 M hkdav oroguk`v!

=! H uh~}j~ m` xo mj| ` }or}`+ f`g` y`f hfbh xo v~dog a`y`v dao~`v0

?! U`~ xo movhuh~ofog dao~`v ha}jd`v0

9! F`g` vo f`gu`~}hg `v a`y`v dao~`v og ~okh` v i~`a}oj~hv oa}~o `~hkjmh'mo o ovf~j}h0

4! Xo hvuof}`v u`mog vo~yj~ mo f~j}~j` uh~h h fkhvvjijfh` mo g dao~`0


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F`~~o` mhv h}jyjmhmov


52/198


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_ajmhmo:

?8

F`~~o` mhv h}jyjmhmov

H}jyjmhmo 8

h*

8! @v b`goav ov}` f`kboam` o }~havu`~}ham` kh~halhv!

>! _g b`gog ov} }~hnhkbham` a` f`gu}hm`~!

6! Hkdghv f~jhahv ov}` movoguoabham` hkdgh h}jyjmhmo ovf`kh~!

=! @v l`dhm`~ov mo i}on`k ov}` mjvu}ham` h n`kh!

?! _gh f`guhabjh mo nhk u~ouh~h'vo uh~h mhah~!

n* ôvu`v}h uovv`hk xo ~oiko}j~ h fàfou` mo }~hnhkb` m` u~ìovv`~!

H}jyjmhmo >

h* ôvu`v}h uovv`hk+ ghv h }oamafjh fàvjmo~h~ ` ovi`~` o h ~ogao~h` f`g`f~j}~j` uh~h }~hnhkb`!

n* ôvu`v}h uovv`hk+ ghv h }oamafjh fàvjmo~h~ kh|o~ ` xo vo ih| u`~ ovf`kbh u~u~jh` u`~ u~h|o~+ vog ~ofono~ ~ogao~h`!

f* ôvu`v}h uovv`hk+ ghv h yhk`~j|h` f`v}gh }o~ ~okh` f`g ovf`kh~jmhmo!

m* ôvu`v}h uovv`hk+ ghv h movyhk`~j|h` f`v}gh ov}h~ ghjv kjdhmh h }~hnhkb` n~hhk+

f`g nhjrh orjdafjh mo ovf`kh~jmhmo!

o* Do~hkgoa}o `v }~hnhkb`v mo u~ov}dj` ov}h~` hvv`fjhm`v fk}~h ovf~j}h+ oaxha}` `v}~hnhkb`v n~hhjv v` ghjv i~oxoa}ogoa}o mjvv`fjhm`v mh ovf~j}h!

H}jyjmhmo 6

h* ]~h}h'vo mo gh ~ofoj}h fkja~jh u`~xo oavjah f`g` vo moyo ih|o~ g u~h}` moovuhdo}o!

n* g haafj` unkjfj}~j`+ ` u~ùhdhamh+ u`~xo mjykdh ` }~hnhkb` m` D~ooauohfo

h` govg` }ogu` xo u~`f~h fàyoafo~ ` koj}`~ h vo hvv`fjh~ h okov!

f* A`! H uo~da}h nvfh u~`y`fh~ ~oikor`! H ~ovu`v}h ovuo~hmh gh }`ghmh mou`vj` m` koj}`~ fà}~h h moyhv}h` mhv ik`~ov}hv!

m* U`~xo og > h jghdog go~hgoa}o jkv}~h}jyh! Og 6 uh~}o mh jai`~gh`+ m`voa}jm` m` }or}`!

o* Hv uhkhy~hv o ov}~}~hv kjadv}jfhv v` mjio~oa}ov+ ghv h ghaoj~h mo `~dhaj|h~ hjai`~gh` a` }or}` vogokbha}o xham` `v }or}`v uo~}oafog h` govg` dao~`!

H}jyjmhmo =h* ôvu`v}h uovv`hk+ ghv f`g` u~ìovv`~"h*+ fo~}hgoa}o vo~` y~j`v }ju`v mo }~hnhkb`!

n* ôvu`v}h uovv`hk+ ghv h yh~jh` mouoamo mh ijahkjmhmo m` }or}`!



F`~~o`

?>

f* Hv i`~ghv mo f`gajfh`+ }ha}` `~hjv xha}` ovf~j}hv+ yh~jhg mo hf`~m` f`g ù~ùvj}` mh f`gajfh` o hv ~okhov v`fjhjv oa}~o `v ja}o~k`f}`~ov! U`~ jvv` aù`mog vo~ jdhjv!

m* ôvu`v}h uovv`hk o yh~jhmh!

o* ôvu`v}h uovv`hk+ mouoamoam` m`v }or}`v ovf`kbjm`v!

H}jyjmhmo ?

h* Io~aham` oa}oamo xo h m~h` mh iov}h vo~jh mo xja|o ha`v+ a` xo vo~jh ghf`gog`~h` mo mfjg` xja}` hajyo~v~j`!

n* U`~xo vhnog`v xo h u`vvjnjkjmhmo mo gh iov}h m~h~ xja|o ha`v ~og`}h< a`vvhoruo~jafjh mo gam` a`v mj| xo Io~aham` oa}oamo ghk ` fàyj}o!

H}jyjmhmo 9

h* ôvu`v}h uovv`hk+ ghv jai`~ghk!

Vdov}`< @j+ \ofh+ y`f u`mo~jh go ogu~ov}h~ ` kjy~` xo }og h nj`d~hijh mo Fh~k`vM~ggàm mo Ham~hmo0 Y` }jkj|h~ ah voghah xo yog! D~h}h+ Gh~jkoao!

n* ôvu`v}h uovv`hk+ ghv fo~}hgoa}o bhyo~ h oa}àh` mo uomjm` doa}jko|h ~of`n~jam`hv i~hvov `~hjv o dov}`v hf`guhabham` h ihkh! Ah ovf~j}h+ h doa}jko|h+ f`g u`fh i`~gh'kjmhmo+ vo~ orukjfj}hmh og uhkhy~hv!

f* H ov}~}~h mo ~oxo~jgoa}` + d~`vv` g`m`+ h vodja}o gh n~jafhmoj~h+ gh j~àjh+ gh uh~mjh+ gh haom`}h!

n* H ov}~}~h }or}hk h govgh huoahv a` }ogh3 ahv jai`~ghov b mjio~oah!

f* F`g ` `nlo}jy` mo ~jmjfkh~j|h~ gh vj}h` mo iam` u`k}jf`3 mo ih|o~ gh ujhmhv`n~o ih}`v u`k}jf`'v`fjhjv!

m* U`~xo jaovuo~hmh o u`~xo }~h}h f`g` f`jvhv vo~ov bgha`v o vj}hov v`fjhjv! U`~xo ` ghjv ~okoyha}o ah vh moijaj` vh vj}h` mo f`gajfh`+ hu~}jfh mo vh ~ohkj|h`+ o a` vh i`~gh kjadv}jfh!

6! Vu`~}o u`mo vo~ ` yofk`+ ` fhahk vhm` uh~h h f`gajfh`3 ` `nlo}`fàf~o}` àmo vo hujh ` }or}`< kjy~`+ d~hyhm`~+ }okoiào+ ja}o~ao}+ ~oyjv}h+ o}f!

=! V~dog h uh~}j~ mo ja`yhov fk}~hjv+ m` v` fàv}ha}o mo a`y`v goj`v mof`gajfh`3 ghv a` v` f`guko}hgoa}o a`y`v< hujhg'vo og dao~`v l f`'abofjm`v xo gha}g f`g okov hkdgh vogokbhah! V~dog xham` b g a`yòaxhm~hgoa}` f`gajfh}jy` uh~h g dao~` l orjv}oa}o!

?! Movhuh~ofog u`~xo mojrhg mo }o~ ~okoyafjh fk}~hk+ xham` a`yhv }ofa`k`'djhv `v vnv}j}og!

9! @v a`y`v dao~`v }oamog h movih|o~ ` h oai~hxofo~ hv i~à}oj~hv oa}~o `~hkj'

mhmo o ovf~j}h u`~xo v` ghjv ukv}jf`v+ ghjv ghkoyojv! Ja}od~hg vjda`v moy~jhv ah}~o|hv!

4! U`mog vo~ hvuof}`v i`~ghjv "kjadv}jf`v+ ov}jkv}jf`v* o iafjàhjv "fk}~hjv*3u`mog ov}h~ kjdhm`v h` vu`~}o ` h` `nlo}jy`!


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_ajmhmo 85]~hnhkbham` f`g dao~`v }or}hjv

Gh~jh Kj|h Gà}oj~` Vhkov F`~`h

Fh~` u~ìovv`~+ fh~h u~ìovv`~h+

Ah _ajmhmo : yjg`v+ xo h ja}o~h` yo~nhk vo m u`~ goj` mo oaafjhm`v ~okh}jyh'goa}o ov}yojv xo vo hmhu}hg h gk}jukhv vj}hov mo f`gajfh`+ }ha}` `~hjv xha}òvf~j}hv! H`v ~of`~}ov xo mhg`v h ovvh ~okh}jyh ov}hnjkjmhmo fbhghg`v dao~`v }or}hjv!Hkdav }o~jf`v u~oio~og fbhg'k`v mo dao~`v mjvf~vjy`v+ ghv ovvh mjio~oah ah a`'goafkh}~h a` hk}o~h a`vv`v `nlo}jy`v mjm}jf`'uomhddjf`v!

Mou`jv mo `nvo~yh~g`v h yh~jomhmo mo dao~`v }or}hjv xo a`v ~`mojh o mo}~hnhkbh~g`v og mj~o` h gh }`ghmh mo fàvfjafjh m` a`vv` fàbofjgoa}` ja}j}jy`v`n~o dao~`v ah ajmhmo ha}o~j`~+ yhg`v f`k`fh~ a`vv` i`f` mo `nvo~yh` og hkdav}or}`v xo ~ohkj|hg dao~`v kj}o~~j`v o a`'kj}o~~j`v! Aokov+ yhg`v hahkjvh~ hv mjio~oa}ovghaoj~hv og xo v` i~oxoa}ogoa}o `~dhaj|hmhv hv ov}~}~hv m`v }or}`v uh~h xo volhgfàvjmo~hm`v uo~}oafoa}ov h dao~`v mjio~oa}ov!

A` goj` hfhmgjf`+ `v dao~`v o `v }ju`v }or}hjv l yjabhg b hkdg }ogu`

voam` mjvf}jm`v! H jgukha}h` m`v Uh~go}~`v F~~jfkh~ov Ahfjàhjv }~`ro ovvhu~o`fuh` uh~h ` oavja` nvjf`! Jvv` u`~xo `v uh~go}~`v u~ùog ` }or}` f`gàjmhmo nvjfh m` }~hnhkb` f`g ` oavja` mo Kadh U`~}dovh o `v dao~`v a` vomovyjafkhg m`v }or}`v!

Ghv ` }or}`+ hvvjg }`ghm` f`g` ajmhmo u~jyjkodjhmh m` ih|o~ uomhddjf`+ g`v'}~h'vo f`g gk}jukhv ihfov< g ovuh` mo gh~fhv bjv}~jfhv o m`v v`v xo `v vloj}`vih|og mh kjadhdog! U`~ jvv`+ i`do mh vjv}ogh}j|h` fà}~`khmh o u~oyjvyok mhv ~od~hvd~hgh}jfhjv! @ ~ofàbofjgoa}` movvh ghkohnjkjmhmo kjadv}jfh u`mo+ gj}hv yo|ov+u~`y`fh~ gh fo~}h fàiv` o javod~hah u`~xo oay`kyo fàvjmo~yok gmhah ahvu~}jfhv v`fjhjv movoay`kyjmhv ah ovf`kh! Ovuofjhkgoa}o u`~xo gh fkhvvjijfh` xha'}` h` dao~` }or}hk a` ~djmh+ aog u`mo vo~ ioj}h ha}ov m`v v`v fàf~o}`v o mhfj~fkh` mo g }or}`!

M~ha}o gj}` }ogu` a` hgnjoa}o ovf`kh~+ `v dao~`v i`~hg hvv`fjhm`v huoahv kj}o~h}~h+ ghv+ f`g hv u~ù`v}hv mo }~hnhkb` m`v UFAv+ ovvh jmjh i`j hgukjhmh o `vdao~`v v` ~ofàbofjm`v f`g` ajmhmov v`fj`f`gajfh}jyhv uh~h xhkxo~ ijahkj'mhmo mo }or}`v!

Hvvjg f`g` `v dao~`v ov}` kjdhm`v h }`mh mjyo~vjmhmo mhv vj}hov mo f`gaj'fh`+ h} ah}~hk gh fo~}h jaxjo}h` xham` a`v moi~à}hg`v f`g h f`gukorjmh'mo xo `v dao~`v }or}hjv a`v f`k`fhg! Ghv yhg`v hd`~h u~`vvodj~ ah ~oikor` v`n~o hvov}~h}djhv }or}hjv xo uo~gj}og mjv}jadj~ g dao~` mo `}~`!

Yhg`v+ aov}h ajmhmo+ ah vo` 8+ ih|o~ gh mjv}ja` xo i`j bjv}`~jfhgoa}o hu~jgoj~h< hxokh oa}~o dao~`v kj}o~~j`v o a`'kj}o~~j`v xo hkdav }o~jf`v fbhghg mo

Jajfjhamà`vvh fàyo~vh



?9

}jkj}~j`v ` iafjàhjv! Ah vo` >+ yhg`v oruk`~h~+ f`g ghjv mo}hkbov+ ` dao~` u`}jf`!Mou`jv+ ah vo` 6+ hu~ìamh~og`v gh mhv vnfkhvvjijfhov m` dao~` u`}jf`+ `f`~mok+ g`v}~ham` f`g` a` fà}or}` mo g dao~` fhnog hjamh fkhvvjijfhov goa`~ov!

Ovuo~hg`v xo+ h uh~}j~ mhv ~oikorov o mhv h}jyjmhmov hxj u~ù`v}hv+ u`vvhg`v

hlmh~ y`f h u~ouh~h~ h}jyjmhmov mjm}jfhv xo koyog vov hka`v h ~ofàbofo~ h mjv}ja'` oa}~o }ju` o dao~` }or}hk o h }jkj|h~ ov}~h}djhv }or}hjv hmoxhmhv h yh~jhm`vdao~`v }or}hjv!

Fà}jahg`v+ aov}h ajmhmo+ h a`v hu`jh~ a` }ogh }~havyo~vhk }~hnhkb` og }`mhv hvvhv u`vvjnjkjmhmov mo oai`xo! ]ogh+ hkjv+ gj}` hu~ù~jhm` uh~h h mjvfvv` mo fà'}om`v mjm}jf`v xo uh~}og m` oai`xo mo kadh f`g` }~hnhkb`+ f`g` i`~gh mo hòa}~o `v vloj}`v ihkha}ov+ f`g` h}jyjmhmo fàv}j}}jyh m` vo~ bgha`!

Ovuo~hg`v xo mou`jv mo ~oiko}j~g`v la}`v h ~ovuoj}` m`v fàfoj}`v iamhgoa}hjvmo dao~` }or}hk+ o mo y`f ~ohkj|h~ hv h}jyjmhmov u~ù`v}hv uh~h ov}h ajmhmo+ volhu`vvyok' Fh~hf}o~j|h~ dao~` u`}jf`+ mo hf`~m` f`g h ia` ov}}jfh mh kjadhdog3

6' Fh~hf}o~j|h~ gh mhv i`~ghv mo ~ohkj|h` m` dao~` u`}jf`< ` f`~mok!

Moijajam` a`vv`

uà}` mo fbodhmh

Vo` 8

Dao~` kj}o~~j` o a`'kj}o~~j`

Mjv}jadj~ fh~hf}o~v}jfhv mo dao~` kj}o~~j` o mo dao~` a`'kj}o~~j`!

@nlo}jy`mh vo`

H u~o`fuh` f`g h jmoa}jijfh` o fkhvvjijfh` mo dao~`v }or}hjv a` f`go'` f`g `v ov}m`v d~hgh}jfhjv aog f`g `v }or}`v xo }jkj|hg`v a` mjh'h'mjh+ f`gòv}hg`v ih|oam` hd`~h! I`j a` fhgu` mh kj}o~h}~h xo v~dj~hg hv u~jgoj~hv fkhvvjijfh'ov v`n~o dao~`v! Jvv` ah}~hk vo ~of`~mh~g`v xo v gj}` ~ofoa}ogoa}o+ a` ijahk m`


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_ajmhmo85

?4

vfk` RR+ xo `v ov}m`v xo hn`~mhg h kjadhdog bghah `v ov}m`v kjadv}jf`vo hv d~hg}jfhv f`goh~hg h vo u~o`fuh~ f`g ` }or}`!

Uh~h h kj}o~h}~h+ h jmjh mo }or}` vogu~o vo mov}hf`+ govg` xham` v` kjmhv `hahkjvhmhv huoahv uh~}ov m` }or}`+ a` vo uo~mo mo yjv}h xo vo }~h}h mo g }~ofb` xo ih|

uh~}o mo g }`m` ghj`~!Uh~h fh~hf}o~j|h~ h kjadhdog u`}jfh+ yhg`v ko~ ` }~ofb` jajfjhk mo g fàbofjm`

uògh+ ovf~j}` u`~ g m`v ghj`~ov uò}hv n~hvjkoj~`v+ Fh~k`v M~ggàm mo Ham~hmo+ moxog y`f l ko h nj`d~hijh ah _ajmhmo :+ vo` 8!

L`v

O hd`~h+ L`v0

H iov}h hfhn`+

h k| huhd`+

` u`y` vgj+

h a`j}o ovi~j`+

o hd`~h+ L`v0

o hd`~h+ y`f0

y`f xo vog a`go+

xo |`gnh m`v `}~`v+

y`f xo ih| yo~v`v+

xo hgh+ u~`}ov}h0

O hd`~h+ L`v0

Ovvo }~ofb` huoahv h u~jgoj~h ov}~ìo m` uògh+ ghv vo~ vijfjoa}o uh~h hahkjvh~'g`v hv fh~hf}o~v}jfhv mh kjadhdog u`}jfh!

ôf`~mham`

H ov}~ìo ` d~u` mo yo~v`v og xo `v uò}hv mjyjmog vov uòghv!

@ ~j}g` u`}jf` ~ovk}ha}o mo y~j`v ~of~v`v i`~ghjv o kjadv}jf`v+ oa}~o okov h~jgh o h g}~jfh!

^jgh ` l`d` và`~` xo vo fàv}~j u`~ vàv vogokbha}ov+ ` govg` jdhjv+vhm`v h` ijahk mo fhmh yo~v`!

G}~jfh ` l`d` oa}~o ` ago~` mo vkhnhv xo fàv}j}og `v yo~v`v!

^jgh o g}~jfh ~ofonog mjio~oa}ov yhk`~j|hov og mjio~oa}ov ovf`khv kj}o~~jhv!




Vof`8

?2

H}jyjmhmo 8

F`g` `n~h ~ou~ovoa}h}jyh m` g`mo~ajvg`+ hv ~jghv movvo uògh a` v` ~jghv

}~hmjfjàhjv ` fkvvjfhv! U~`f~o og kjy~`v mo vo fàbofjgoa}` ov}~ìov xo hu~ovoa'}og ~jghv }~hmjfjàhjv!

h* ]~havf~oyh g uògh `+ h` goa`v+ gh ov}~ìo+ vnkjabham` h k}jgh vkhnh }ajfh"i`~}o* mo fhmh yo~v`!

n* F`guh~o f`g ` }~ofb` }~havf~j}` mo L`v! U`~ xo fàvjmo~hg`v xo hv ~jghv movvouògh a` v` fkvvjfhv0

f* U`~ xo+ govg` a` }oam` ` uhm~` fkvvjf` mo ~jghv u`}jfhv+ ` }~ofb` mo L`v u`movo~ fàvjmo~hm` u`}jf`0

m* Hv ~ouo}jov vhmhv a` uògh v` f`ggoa}o vhmhv og }or}`v ovf~j}`v0 U`~ xoy`f hfbh xo v` vhmhv aovvo uògh0

H fhmh u`fh bjv}~jfh+ ` fàfoj}` m` xo volh uòvjh vì~o hkdghv gmhahv+ghv h ia` u`}jfh ov} vogu~o hvv`fjhmh h` v` mhv uhkhy~hv! A` nhv}h h uhkhy~h ogvj< aofovv~j` xo okh volh }~hnhkbhmh ag u~`fovv` mo voko` o oruk`~h` mo vhoru~ovvjyjmhmo+ }ha}` a` ukha` m` v`g xha}` a` mhv jmjhv!

Ghv a` v mo ~jgh o mo g}~jfh vo ih| ` }or}` u`}jf`! ]hgng ` l`d` mo vkhnhv}ajfhv+ m`v iàoghv y`fkjf`v o fàvàha}hjv o h uà}h` movoguoabhg jgu`~}ha}ouhuok ah `n}oa` m` ~j}g` u`}jf`! U`~ jvv`+ jgu`~}ha}o ko~g`v yo~v`v og y`| hk}h!

Hkg movvh gvjfhkjmhmo ` gok`mjh m` uògh+ h kjadhdog u`}jfh }hgngoruk`~h gj}` ` l`d` mo voa}jm`v o hv jmjhv ijd~hmhv ` fà`}h}jyhv!

Yhg`v ko~ hd`~h `}~` }or}` }hgng fàvjmo~hm` uo~}oafoa}o h` dao~` kj}o~~j`+ghv xo a` vo fkhvvjijfh f`g` dao~` u`}jf`! ]~h}h'vo mo g uoxoa` fà}`+ ovf~j}ùok` govg` h}`~ m` uògh L`v+ Fh~k`v M~ggàm mo Ham~hmo! Mov}h yo|+ ` }or}` ov}}~havf~j}` ah vh }`}hkjmhmo!


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_ajmhmo85

?:

H}jyjmhmo >

h* Xo uhkhy~hv o oru~ovvov ` h}`~ vh uh~h ihkh~ mh bo~omj}h~jomhmo mhv uom~hv m` ~j`0

n* F`g` h}`~ movf~oyo ijvjfhgoa}o hv khyhmoj~hv0 F`guh~o h movf~j` f`g h mhv uom~hv!

f* F`g` h jmjh mo }~hnhkb` ~okhfjàh uom~h o khyhmoj~h0

Khyhmoj~hv mo G``~

Hv khyhmoj~hv mo G``~+ fhmh gh }ogvh uom~h a` ~j`3 fhmh uom~h bo~hahmo ihgkjh+ uhvvham` mo go h ijkbh+ mo

ijkbh h ao}h+ f`g` y` uhvvham` hvdhv a` }ogu`! Hv uom~hv }g g u`'kjgoa}` xo ~oyokh h h` mo gj}`vmjhv o gj}hv khyhmoj~hv! Vo~yog mo ov'uokb` h vhv màhv! O vhv i`~ghv mjio'~oa}ov }hgng f`~~ovuàmog mo fo~}`g`m` ijd~h ivjfh mo xog hv vh!_ghv v` h~~omàmhmhv o fbojhv+ hxo'khv ghd~hv o hadk`vhv+ o }`mhv }g h~u~u~j`+ xo a` vo u~ov}h h fàiv`!

H khyhmoj~h o h uom~h i`~ghg goa}o ovuofjhk+ xo vo mjyjmo o vo ajijfhh` vhn`~ m` }~hnhkb`! Vo h gkbo~ oa'}`h gh fha`+ uo~fono'vo xo h uo'm~h h hf`guhabh og v~mjah! @}~hvyo|ov+ uh~ofo xo ` fha}` g~g~ha}oyog mh uom~h+ o h khyhmoj~h kbo m y`'kgo o movoay`kyjgoa}`!

Ah u`n~o|h ah}~hk mhv khyhmoj'~hv+ hv uom~hv v` gh i`~}ah+ ljhv xo okhv a` u~ofjvhg koyh~ uh~h fhvh! Ajadg hv

~`nh+ aog okhv+ mo }` ijjv+ vo mojrh~jhg vom|j~ u`~ ov}~hab`v! "~o}j~hm` mo Fà}`v Ukhvyojv*




Vof`8

95

m* Mov}hxo hkdghv oru~ovvov ogu~odhmhv fà`}h}jyhgoa}o "og voa}jm` ijd~hm`*a` }or}`!

o* Jghdjao vo ` h}`~ }jyovvo vhm` goa`v jghdoav+ }jyovvo vhm` `}~hv uhkhy~hvuh~h ihkh~ v`n~o ` }~hnhkb` mhv khyhmoj~hv mo G``~! @ }or}` u`mo~jh fà}jah~f`g` kj}o~~j 0 U`~ x0

Ogn`~h a` }oam` h ja}oa` mo orukjfh~ f`guko}hgoa}o ` ioagoa` u`}jf`+mou`jv mo hahkjvh~ ovvov m`jv }or}`v+ u`mog`v fbodh~ h hkdghv fàfkvov h ~ovuoj}` m`

dao~` kj}o~~j`! Fàv}h}hg`v+ u~jgoj~hgoa}o+ xo a` b }oghv ` fà}om`v orfkvj'y`v mh kj}o~h}~h ` mh uòvjh3 aog }oghv xo a` u`vvhg vo~ u`~ okhv }~h}hm`v! Xhk'xo~ hvva}` u`mo vo~ gh}~jh mo uòvjh3 xhkxo~ hvva}` u`mo vo~ }ogh mh kj}o~h}~h!

Xham` m`gjahg`v g dao~` }or}hk+ a` m`gjahg`v gh i`~gh kjadv}jfh ovjg gh i`~gh mo ~ohkj|h~ kjadjv}jfhgoa}o `nlo}jy`v ovuofijf`v og vj}hov v`fjhjvuh~}jfkh~ov! K! H! Gh~fvfbj

Jgu`~}ha}o

Hv ijahkjmhmov m` dao~` kj}o~~j` v` ov}}jfhv3 ` volh+ og xhkxo~ vj}h` uh~}j'fkh~+ h koj}~h mo g }or}` kj}o~~j` movuo~}h ogòv+ u~h|o~!

@ v` mh kjadhdog f`g ijahkjmhmo ov}}jfh+ u~h|o~`vh+ a` u~ofjvh+ aofovvh~jh'goa}o+ }o~ ~jghv o g}~jfh< u`mo }hgng hu~ovoa}h~ h i`~gh mo u~`vh! Aovvo fhv`+ ` ih}`mo u`mo~ vo~ ijf` iamhgoa}hk uh~h vh fkhvvjijfh`!

Hkg mjvv`+ `v f~j}~j`v vhm`v uh~h fh~hf}o~j|h~ gh i`~gh kj}o~~jh ` u`}jfhu`mog yh~jh~ mo u`fh uh~h u`fh! Ghv gh f`jvh uo~ghaofo fàv}ha}o< ah kjadhdogkj}o~~jh+ }` jgu`~}ha}o xha}` ` mj|o~ ` f`g` mj|o~! U`~ jvv`+ i`~gh o fà}om` v`javouh~yojv!

B`lo og mjh b g fo~}` fàvoav` oa}~o `v ov}mj`v`v uh~h vo fkhvvjijfh~ g }or}`kj}o~~j` f`g` hxoko xo }og gh ia` ov}}jfh+ oaxha}` vo fàvjmo~h xo `

}or}` a`'kj}o~~j` }og gh ia` }jkj}~jh "jai`~gh~+ fàyoafo~+ orukjfh~+ ~ovuà'mo~+ `~moah~+ o}f!*! @ volh+ gh fh~hf}o~v}jfh iamhgoa}hk m` dao~` kj}o~~j` f`k`fh~ og ~okoyafjh ` ukha` mh oru~ovv`+ xo a` vo~yo huoahv uh~h }~havgj}j~fà}om`v+ ` jai`~ghov+ ghv uh~h ~of~j'k`v ah vh `~dhaj|h`!

Jgu`~}ha}o


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Xham` ` ~ofàbofjgoa}` mo xo h f`gajfh` yo~nhk+ xo vo ~ohkj|h u`~ goj`mo }or}`v+ v u`vvyok f`g hkdg }ju` mo dao~` }or}hk+ ov}oamo'vo uh~h hkg m`vkjgj}ov m`v ov}m`v kj}o~~j`v h nvfh uokh jmoa}jijfh` mhxjk` xo jdhk ` mjio~oa'}o a`v }or}`v xo }jkj|hg`v ah a`vvh f`gajfh`+ `~hk ` ovf~j}h! O h jmoa}jijfh`m`v dao~`v }or}hjv uhvvh h ja}od~h~ hv u~o`fuhov m`v ov}mj`v`v o m`v u~ìovv`~ov mo

Kadh U`~}dovh!H fkhvvjijfh` mo dao~`v }`~ah'vo+ hvvjg+ jgu`~}ha}o f`g` gh ghaoj~h mo hu~o'

oamo~ fh~hf}o~v}jfhv }or}hjv }ha}` mo }or}`v kj}o~~j`v xha}` a`'kj}o~~j`v "}jkj}~j`v` iafjàhjv*!

ôf`~mham`

A` u`vvyok fàv}~j~ g }or}` `~hk ` ovf~j}` vog xo vo ~ohkj|o g dao~`}or}hk! U`~ jvv`+ dao~`v }g orjv}afjh fàf~o}h+ jamouoamoa}o m`v f~j}~j`v ` m`v~}k`v }jkj|hm`v uh~h vh fkhvvjijfh`! O ovvh orjv}afjh i`~ghmh mo hf`~m` f`g hijahkjmhmo v`fj`f`gajfh}jyh og xo ` }or}` u~`m|jm`!

Gj}hv yo|ov a` uo~fonog`v xo ov}hg`v mham` yjmh h g dao~` }or}hk xham`}jkj|hg`v h kjadhdog ah a`vvh f`gajfh` mj~jh+ ghv ovvh ihk}h mo uo~fou` a`vjdajijfh xo `v dao~`v a` volhg fàf~o}j|hm`v h` u~`m|j~g`v g }or}`< vjdajijfhhuoahv xo okov vo ~ohkj|hg+ aofovvh~jhgoa}o+ h fhmh yo| xo u~`m|jg`v g }or}`!

U`~ f`~~ovuàmo~og h v`v mo kadh+ h yh~jomhmo mo dao~`v gj}` bo}o~`daoho okov a` hu~ovoa}hg kjgj}ov nog moijajm`v< v`n~ouog'vo i~oxoa}ogoa}o! Uokh govgh~h|` v` jago~`v! Gh~fvfbj ">55>* kjv}h hkdav< }okoiàogh+ ~`ghafo+ fh~}h uovv`hk+fh~}h f`go~fjhk+ njkbo}o+ hkh oru`vj}jyh+ ~oaj` mo fàm`gaj`+ b`~vfù`+ nkh mo~ogmj`+ ~ovoabh+ fàyo~vh` ovuà}aoh+ omj}hk mo fàf~v`+ jax~j}` u`kjfjhk+ o hv'vjg u`~ mjha}o! Oaxha}` hkdav movvov }g `f`~~afjh ~ov}~j}h h vj}hov nog ovuofij'fhv f`g` jax~j}` u`kjfjhk ` nkh mo ~ogmj`+ u`~ oroguk` + `}~`v+ f`g` njkbo}o` fàyo~vh` ovuà}aoh+ uo~uhvvhg y~jhv vj}hov mo v` kjadv}jf`!

Uh~h mjv}jadj~ nog ` xo volh g }or}` kj}o~~j` mo `}~`+ a`'kj}o~~j`+ f`guh~o'

g`v+ hd`~h+ `}~` dao~` }or}hk! @ `nlo}jy` mov}o }or}` fkh~hgoa}o }jkj}~j`< yjvhjai`~gh~ ` koj}`~/`yja}o v`n~o g fàbofjgoa}` fàvjmo~hm` fjoa}ijf`3 u`~ fhvh movvo`nlo}jy`+ ov}o }or}` u`mo ih|o~ uh~}o mo g fàla}` mo }or}`v xo f`guog ` mjvf~v`fjoa}ijf`+ xo ~ohkj|hm` uok` dao~` }or}` fjoa}ijf`!

Jam` vhkhmo hkh

Og xhkxo~ }~hnhkb` f`g }or}`v+ govg` xo a` volh ovvo ` `nlo}jy` mh h}jyjmhmomjm}jf`'uomhddjfh+ u~`y`xo a`v vov hka`v hkdgh i`~gh mo ~oikor` v`n~o `v g`'m`v mo `~dhaj|h` m` }or}`+ v`n~o ` ayok mo i`~ghkjmhmo kjadv}jfh o v`n~o hv ijahkjmh'mov mo v`v m`v }or}`v! @ fàbofjgoa}` ja}j}jy` xo }`m` ihkha}o }og v`n~o dao~`v}or}hjv f`goh+ hvvjg+ h vo }`~ah~ fàvfjoa}o!




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L`v Tjkkjhg Yovoa}jaj+ h}`~ mov}o kjy~` mjm}jf` momjfhm` h` oavja` gmj`+ m`}`~ og do`d~hijh o u~ìovv`~ mh _ajyo~vjmhmo mo V` Uhk`+ àmo kofjàh a`vf~v`v mo d~hmh` o uv'd~hmh`! ]og 8> ha`v mo oruo~jafjh m`foa}o a` oavjaìamhgoa}hk o a` oavja` gmj`!

Xham` `v }or}`v m` dao~` fjoa}ijf` huh~ofog og ~oyjv}hv a` fjoa}ijfhv+ ogl`~ahjv+ og ghahjv ` og kjy~`v mjm}jf`v+ mj|og`v xo v` }or}`v mo mjykdh`fjoa}ijfh! Yo~jijfhg`v+ hvvjg+ xo ` yofk` }jkj|hm` uh~h h unkjfh` m` }or}` }hg'ng fàv}j}j g f~j}~j` uh~h vh fkhvvjijfh`< og uo~jmjf`v mo oa}jmhmov fjoa}ijfhv+uo~}oafog h` dao~` fjoa}ijf`3 og uo~jmjf`v a`'fjoa}ijf`v ` kjy~`v mjm}jf`v fàv'

}j}og ` dao~` mjykdh` fjoa}ijfh!

]or}`v fl` `nlo}jy` ghj`~ }`~ah~ fàbofjmh gh jai`~gh` ` }or}`v xo}~h}hg mo hvva}`v mo fab` fjoa}ijf` v` i~oxoa}ogoa}o fj}hm`v f`g` oroguk` modao~` a`'kj}o~~j`! Ojv g }or}` xo }~h}h mo hvva}` fjoa}ijf` oafà}~hm` og gkjy~` mjm}jf` mo oavja` gmj`!

H}jyjmhmo jamv}~jhk o ovuh` do`d~ijf`

H jamv}~jh g`mo~ah fàvjv}o agh i`~gh

mjio~oa}o m` h~}ovhah}` o mh ghaih}~h mo }~havi`~gh~ gh}~jhv'u~jghv og u~`'m}`v okhn`~hm`v!

Og u~jgoj~` kdh~+ ah jamv}~jh b ghd~hamo mjyjv` m` }~hnhkb` o+ u`~ fàvodja'}o+ h ovuofjhkj|h` m` }~hnhkbhm`~! L a` h~'}ovhah}` a` b aoabgh mjyjv`3 ah gha'ih}~h+ gh mjyjv` u~jg~jh+ gj}` vjgukov!

Og vodam` kdh~+ ah h}jyjmhmo jamv'}~jhk v` hv gxjahv+ og do~hk iafjàham`h uh~}j~ mo g`mo~ahv ià}ov mo oao~djh "fhk`~+oko}~jfjmhmo*+ xo mj}hg ` ~j}g` m` }~hnhkb`3a` h~}ovhah}` b huoahv ` v` mo io~~hgoa'}hv! O+ ah ghaih}~h+ ` v` mo gxjahvvjgukov+ ghv ` ~j}g` m` }~hnhkb` hjamh mouoamo mhv g`v m` h~}ov`! Og }o~foj~`kdh~+ h jamv}~jh g`mo~ah i~}` mh ôy`k` Jamv}~jhk o m` movoay`kyjgoa}` m`fhuj}hkjvg`+ }oam` v~djm` huoahv og gohm`v m` vfk` RYJJJ+ h` uhvv` xo hh}jyjmhmo ghaih}~oj~h o+ u~jafjuhkgoa}o+ ` h~}ovhah}` v` fàbofjm`v movmo hHa}jdjmhmo o v~dj~hg og vjv}oghv v`fjòfàgjf`v ha}o~j`~ov h` fhuj}hkjvg`!

Uh~h ijahkj|h~+ orjv}o hjamh gh `}~h mjio~oah< h jamv}~jh ihn~jfh `v u~`m}`vagh xha}jmhmo aafh hkfhahmh uok` h~}ovhah}` o govg` uokh ghaih}~h3 okh `vu~`m| og v~jo+ u~`m| noav uhm~àj|hm`v!

H h}jyjmhmo jamv}~jhk oruhamj'vo uok` gam`! Okh }oyo `~jdog ah O~ùh@fjmoa}hk+ ovuofjhkgoa}o ah Jadkh}o~~h+ ghv h uh~}j~ m` vfk` RR+ mjiamj'vo uo'k`v xh}~` fha}`v m` dk`n` }o~~ov}~o+ ogn`~h mo i`~gh movjdhk!

L`v Tjkkjhg Yovoa}jaj "N~hvjk+ V`fjomhmo o Ovuh` ' Do`d~hijh m` N~hvjk! V` Uhk`< Omj}`~h }jfh*


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H}jyjmhmo 6

h* F`avjmo~ham` ` ayok mo kjadhdog ovf`kbjm` o h voko` y`fhnkh~+ fj}o hkdav

hvuof}`v og xo v` jdhjv+ o mjio~oa}ov+ `v }or}`v kj}o~~j`v o ` }or}` H}jyjmhmo jamv}~jhko ovuh` do`d~ijf`!

n* Xo ijahkjmhmov y`f u`mo jmoa}jijfh~ aovvo }or}` xo ` mjv}jadog m`v ha}o~j`~ov0

f* F`g` ` }ogh }~h}hm` a` f`a}` Khyhmoj~hv mo G``~+ mh h}jyjmhmo ha}o~j`~+ oaovvo }or}`0

m* Jmoa}jijxo a` }or}` gh~fhv xo f`k`fhg og voxafjh `v h~dgoa}`v! U`~ xo ovvh`~dhaj|h` mhv jmjhv jgu`~}ha}o0

o* Jghdjao hkdghv vj}hov v`fjhjv og xo ` }or}` H}jyjmhmo jamv}~jhk o ovuh` do`'d~ijf` moyo fj~fkh~! Xog u~ovvuo f`g` koj}`~0 H xo `nlo}jy`v yjvh0




Vof`8

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i* @v }or}`v mo Fh~k`v M~ggàm mo Ham~hmo o ` mo L`v Tjkkjha Yovoa}jaj u~ofjvhgoruk`~h~ hv uhkhy~hv o hv ov}~}~hv kjadv}jfhv mo ghaoj~hv mjio~oa}ov! U`~ x0

]or}`v m` dao~` ja}j}khm` mjykdh` fjoa}ijfh v` hvvjg jmoa}jijfhm`v u`~xou~`f~hg }`~ah~ fàbofjm`v fo~}`v ~ovk}hm`v mo uovxjvh fjoa}ijfh xo+ mo `}~h gh'aoj~h+ ijfh~jhg ~ov}~j}`v huoahv h`v goj`v fjoa}ijf`v ` hfhmgjf`v! Ovvh ia` }ujfhmhv ~oyjv}hv mo mjykdh` fjoa}ijfh+ ghv kjy~`v mjm}jf`v }hgng mjykdhg fàbofj'goa}`v fjoa}ijf`v! Aovvov fhv`v a` v` fkhvvjijfhm`v f`g` dao~` fjoa}ijf` u`~xo vhijahkjmhmo ghj`~ h mjykdh`+ a` ` ih|o~ fjoa}ijf`! Ovvo f~j}~j` h ijahkjmhmo m`}or}` + u`~}ha}`+ iamhgoa}hk uh~h h fkhvvjijfh` mo dao~`v }or}hjv!

L`~ahjv u`mog vo fàyo~}o~ og }jg` gh}o~jhk uh~h ` }~hnhkb` f`g }or}`v ogu~j'f`v og vhkh mo hkh! Yhg`v vdo~j~ h}jyjmhmov xo u`mog vo~ hmhu}hmhv ~ohkjmhmo oh` ayok mo ovf`kh~jmhmo mo vov hka`v!

ôu~`m|jg`v hxj xh}~` oroguk`v mo }or}`v xo huh~ofo~hg a` l`~ahk F`~~oj`N~h|jkjoavo+ mo 82 mo lhaoj~` mo >556!

]or}` 8

Dao~`< h~}jd` l`~ahkv}jf`

I~oa}jv}h uhdh h fà}h

_gh u~}jfh f`gg a`v u`v}`v mo dhv`kjah }og gjadhm` ` vhk~j` m`v i~oa}jv}hv!U~ol|`v f`g fboxov vog iam`v moyog vo~ uhd`v uok`v }~hnhkbhm`~ov og hkdghvvj}hov! @v movfà}`v v` u~oyjv}`v a` hf`~m` f`ko}jy` mh fh}od`~jh+ ghv `v ogu~o'dhm`v ~ofkhghg mo hnv`v! Hkodhg xo `v mà`v mo u`v}`v ov}` uovham` h g` ahb`~h mo u~`g`yo~ ` hnh}jgoa}` a` vhk~j` uh~h f`n~j~ oyoa}hjv movuovhv f`g fbo'xov moy`kyjm`v ` ~`nhm`v+ fh~}ov fkàhm`v o hvvhk}`v!

@v hvvhk}`v h u`v}`v mo dhv`kjah v` g oroguk`! ]`m` mjh+ ` i~oa}jv}h ~ofonomjaboj~` uh~h i`~aofo~ }~`f` h`v fkjoa}ov! @ yhk`~ f`~~ovuàmo h gh xha}jmhmo mokj}~`v mo f`gnv}yok! A`~ghkgoa}o+ hv ogu~ovhv vo ~ovuàvhnjkj|hg h} ovvh xha'}jh+ xo u`mo fbodh~ h ^- >55+55+ og fhv` mo ~`n`! Ghv ` orfomoa}o ~`nhm` moyo

vo~ ~ovvh~fjm` uok` u~u~j` }~hnhkbhm`~!H doa}o ov} ykao~yok hxj+ }~hnhkbh vog g gajg` mo vod~hah! H doa}o

~odjv}~h `f`~~afjh+ hu~ovoa}h h` uh}~`+ ghv mo ahmh yhko+ ~ofkhgh ` i~oa}jv}h mo

Hyhahamàh u~}jfh


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g u`v}` og Vhghgnhjh+ uoahkj|hm` og ^-8?5+55 a` gv uhvvhm` mou`jv mo vo~y}jgh mo ~`n`!

@v mà`v m`v u`v}`v mo dhv`kjah vo moioamog! @ u~ovjmoa}o m` Vjamjfh}` m`vU`v}`v mo F`gnv}yojv m` MI "Vjamuo}~`* fàij~gh uh~}o m`v movfà}`v+ ghv lv}jij'fh+ @v ogu~ov~j`v u~ofjvhg vo ~ovdh~mh~ m`v fhv`v mo aodkjdafjh ` govg` mog i m` }~hnhkbhm`~+ fà}h! @ ogu~ov~j` dh~ha}o xo gh gja`~jh m`v }~hnhkbh'

m`~ov uoahkj|hmh! M` fà}~~j`+ hv uovv`hv idj~jhg m` ogu~od`+ f`guh~h!Gh~fok` ^`fbh

Mh oxjuo m` F`~~oj`

]or}` >Dao~`< "haafj`* fkhvvjijfhm`




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]or}` 6Dao~`< uògh

Nok` nok`Ghaok Nhamoj~h

Nok` nok` gjabh nokh

]or}` =

Dao~`< b`~vfù`

8! Ah vhkh mo hkh+ vouh~o `v hka`v og = ` 2 d~u`v uh~h hahkjvh~ `v }or}`v xoy`f }o~ ~ou~`m|jm` og ago~` vijfjoa}o uh~h }`m`v m` d~u`!

>! @~joa}o vov hka`v h jmoa}jijfh~ f`g` hv jai`~ghov ov}` mjv}~jnmhv a`v }or}`v3xhk ` fà}om` }og}jf` "mo xo }~h}h ` }or}`*3 xhk h ijahkjmhmo3 xog v` vovkoj}`~ov og u`}oafjhk3 o}f!

6! Vo y`f fàvjmo~h~ xo h hakjvo m` ukha` f`gu`vjfjàhk "mh `~dhaj|h` mhvjai`~ghov* hjamh mjifjk uh~h g }~hnhkb` h}a`g`+ ~ovo~yo ovvo }~hnhkb` uh~hih|o~og }`m`v og fàla}`+ f`g h hlmh m` u~ìovv`~!

=! Hv ~ovu`v}hv+ ovf~j}hv uok`v d~u`v+ vo~` hu~ovoa}hmhv h }`m`v f`g` ` ~ovk}hm` mhhakjvo mo fhmh dao~` }or}hk+ h` govg` }ogu` xo `v oroguk`v m`v }or}`v fj~fkh'~` oa}~o }`m`v uh~h xo h hakjvo volh hf`guhabhmh f`g ` }or}` ogu~jf`!

?! Ghjv jgu`~}ha}o m` xo h a`goafkh}~h vhmh uh~h fkhvvjijfh~ `v dao~`v h fhuh'fjmhmo uh~h ~ofàbofo~ fh~hf}o~v}jfhv f`gav xo mjv}jadog g dao~` m` `}~`!U`~ jvv`+ fàyg jai`~gh~+ mo ha}og`+ ` dao~` f`g xo fhmh d~u` }~hnhkbh~!

]oab` }m` xo a` xo~À` }oab` ahmh xo xo~À` xo~` fk`v aog }`vvoAog `n~jdh` mo y`}`Xo~` xo~`Xo~` h v`kjm` m`v uafh~`vH dh mh ià}o ovfàmjmhH ~`vh xo ik`~ovfo

V`n~o h ovfh~uh jahfovvyokH k| mh u~jgoj~h ov}~okhUjvfham` a` kvf`'ivf`Xo~` xo~`Xo~` mh~ y`k}h h` gam`

V ag ahyj` mo yokhXo~` ~oyo~ Uo~ahgnf`Xo~` yo~ Nhdm o Fvf`Xo~` xo~`Xo~` ` g`~oa` mo Ov}okhXo~` h n~haf~h mo OkjvhXo~` h vhkjyh mo NokhXo~` hv vh~mhv mo Hmhkdjvh

Xo~` xo~` }ha}h f`jvhNok` nok`Ghv nhv}h mo ko~`'ko~`Yjmh a`yov i`~h |o~`!


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9! Mou`jv movvh hakjvo mo }or}`v u~oyjhgoa}o ovf`kbjm`v+ y`f u`mo~ koyh~ uh~h hvhkh mo hkh hkdav orogukh~ov mo l`~ahjv uh~h xo volhg `v u~u~j`v hka`v hovf`kbo~og `v }or}`v uh~h hahkjvh~!

4! Y`f }hgng u`mo~ v`kjfj}h~ xo vov hka`v }~hdhg okov govg`v g fàla}`

mo dao~`v mjyo~v`v+ ~o}j~hm`v mo l`~ahjv ` ~oyjv}hv+ uh~h vo~og hahkjvhm`v og vhkhmo hkh!

ôvgjam`

]ha}` `v }or}`v fàvjmo~hm`v kj}o~~j`v+ xha}` `v a`'kj}o~~j`v+ v` hvvjg fkhvvjij'

fhm`v u`~ g fàla}` mo ih}`~ov xo a` u`mog vo~ fàvjmo~hm`v jv`khmhgoa}o!Mouoamoam` mh ia` ghj`~ xo g }or}` oro~fo ah ja}o~h`+ vh fkhvvjijfhù`mo yh~jh~! Aog ` }ogh+ aog h ghaoj~h mo `~dhaj|h~ o oruk`~h~ ` y`fhnk~jù`mog+ u`~ vj v+ lv}jijfh~ gh fkhvvjijfh`!

@v }or}`v fàvjmo~hm`v kj}o~~j`v uog+ og do~hk+ og ~okoy` ` ukha` mh oru~ov'v`+ mh và`~jmhmo+ m` l`d` mo jghdoav+ ghv h moijaj` m` xo volh }or}` kj}o~~j`+` u`}jf`+ u`mo yh~jh~+ vodam` hv ovf`khv kj}o~~jhv!

Og do~hk+ `v }or}`v a`'kj}o~~j`v "iafjàhjv ` }jkj}~j`v* }g f`g` ijahkjmhmoghj`~ h jai`~gh` o+ u`~ jvv`+ hvuof}`v ov}}jf`v mh kjadhdog ` h oruk`~h` mùkha` và`~` ` mh kjadhdog ijd~hmh v` fàvjmo~hm`v og vodam` ukha`!

Vo` >

@ dao~` u`}jf`

Fh~hf}o~j|h~ dao~` u`}jf`+ mo hf`~m` f`g h ia` ov}}jfh mh kjadhdog!

@nlo}jy`mh vo`

L yjg`v xo vogu~o xo a`v f`gajfhg`v uokh kjadhdog yo~nhk ` ih|og`v u`~goj` mo }or}`v! Mouoamoam` mo f`g` `~dhaj|hg`v hv jai`~ghov a`v }or}`v+ fàv}~'g`v mjio~oa}ov dao~`v }or}hjv! Ogn`~h a` volh huoahv h ijahkjmhmo mh f`gajfh`xo moijao xhk ` dao~` hmoxhm`+ okh g ih}`~ mofjvjy` aovvh ovf`kbh!



@ dao~` u`}jf`

Vof`>

92

@ ùo~~j` og fàv}~`

_g ùo~~j` og fàv}~`Ghv oko movfàbofjhOvvo ih}` or}~h`~mja~j`

4=

m* Hv fh~hf}o~v}jfhv f`gav h`v m`jv }or}`v v` vijfjoa}ov uh~h fkhvvjijf'k`v f`gùo~}oafoa}ov h` govg` dao~` }or}hk0 U`~ x0

@v }or}`v }~hnhkbhm`v aovvhv mhv k}jghv h}jyjmhmov ~ohkj|hg ` dao~` u`}jf`!F`g` y`f u`mo yo~+ mjv}jadog'vo mo `}~`v dao~`v+ a`'u`}jf`v o a`'kj}o~~j`v+ u`~hu~ovoa}h~og fh~hf}o~v}jfhv nog moijajmhv+ h} ah mjv}~jnj` mhv uhkhy~hv uok` ovuh`mh i`kbh mo uhuok! U`~ jvv` mj|og`v xo+ a` dao~` kj}o~~j`+ h i`~gh a` u`mo vo~movyjafkhmh m` fà}om`!

8! Koyo h`v vov hka`v gh ko}~h gvjfhmh xo y`f fàvjmo~o h}~hoa}o uh~hh jmhmo mokov o fha}o f`g okov+ hf`guhabham` h gvjfh o vodjam` h ko}~hu`~ ovf~j}`!

>! Ihh f`g okov gh ja}o~u~o}h` m` }or}`+ og }o~g`v mo }ogh+ h}`~/koj}`~/`yja}o+i`~ghv mo oru~ovv`+ hvuof}`v ah fàv}~` m`v voa}jm`v+ jmjhv vdo~jmhv o/` or'ukfj}hv+ o }m` ` ghjv xo hfbh~ ja}o~ovvha}o o uo~}jaoa}o jafkvjyo hv ~h|ov u`~xo `v hka`v d`v}hg+ ` a`+ mh fha`!

6! F`guh~o f`g hkdg `}~` }or}` xo }oabh vjm` }~hnhkbhm` v`n~o ` govg` }ogh+` f`g ` govg` hvuof}` i`~ghk "uòvjh*!

=! U~`y`xo gh ~oikor` v`n~o h f`guh}jnjkjmhmo oa}~o `~hkjmhmo o ovf~j}h o v`n~o ìh}` mo xo hkdav dao~`v u`mog vo~ ~ohkj|hm`v uokhv mhv g`mhkjmhmov oaxha}``}~`v v `f`~~og u`~ ovf~j}`+ ` `~hkgoa}o!

Hyhahamàh u~}jfh

Jam` vhkhmo hkh

Kojh f`g vov hka`v hkdav uòghv ` ko}~hv mo gvjfh uh~h f`guh~h~ f`g hkoj}~h mo }or}`v og u~`vh! H }`ghmh mo fàvfjafjh mo xo aog }`m`v `v dao~`v}or}hjv v` ~ohkj|hm`v u`~ ovf~j}` }hgng jgu`~}ha}o a` u~`fovv` mo jmoa}jijfh`mhv mjio~oahv o vogokbhahv oa}~o }or}`v! Vo u`vvyok+ huà}o uh~h mjio~oa}ov }or}`vxo `v u~u~j`v hka`v u~`m|og a` ovuh` ovf`kh~< jmoa}jijxo xog ovf~oyo ` mj|uh~h xog3 xhk i`j h ijahkjmhmo m` }or}`3 vo h kjadhdog i`j jai`~ghk ` a`3 vo b`yogh ja}oa` ov}}jfh ah oruk`~h` m` y`fhnk~j`+ o}f!

H`v u`f`v+ vov hka`v j~` uo~fonoam` xo h yh~jomhmo mo }or}`v xo okovfàbofog }g gj}`v uà}`v og f`gg! Ghv ` v` xo ih| mokov dao~`v jdhjv `mjio~oa}ov!


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_ajmhmo85

4?

?! Jmoa}jijxo f`g okov xog ` h}`~ "` h}`~ov* o xog v` `v `yja}ov/koj}`~ov hxo vo mov}jah ` }or}`'fha`!

9! Jmoa}jijxo hkdg }~h` kjadv}jf` xo gh~xo ` mov}jah}~j` mh fha`+ f`g`+u`~ oroguk`+ d~jhv ` }o~gja`k`djh ovuofijfh!

4! Koyo'`v+ v`n~o}m`+ h ~ofàbofo~ xo dao~`v }or}hjv ov}` og }`mh uh~}o+ a`huoahv ah ovf`kh!

ôvgjam`

U`mog`v fàvjmo~h~ xo `v dao~`v mjyjmog'vo og m`jv d~hamov d~u`v< `v kj}o~'

~j`v o `v a`'kj}o~~j`v! Oa}~o `v kj}o~~j`v ov} ` dao~` u`}jf`+ f`gu`v}` u`~ uò'ghv! Aov}h vo` f`guh~hg`v m`jv uòghv uh~h jmoa}jijfh~ aokov fh~hf}o~v}jfhv xouo~gj}og hvvjg fkhvvjijf'k`v!

H ghaoj~h mo }~hnhkbh~ f`g hv uhkhy~hv+ oruk`~ham` vh và`~jmhmo+ vhv vjdajij'fhov+ hv jghdoav và`~hv o u`}jfhv xo f~jhg+ fàv}j}j ` }~h` ghjv gh~fha}o m`dao~` u`}jf`! Ovvhv fh~hf}o~v}jfhv hvv`fjhmhv ijahkjmhmo mh u~`m` mo g d'ao~` u`}jf`+ h` uhuok xo vo ovuo~h m`v ja}o~k`f}`~ov+ f`guog ` xo fbhghg`vh ia` v`fj`f`gajfh}jyh m` dao~` u`}jf`!

A` dao~` u`}jf`+ h ia` v`fj`f`gajfh}jyh yjvh oruk`~h` ov}}jfh mh

kjadhdog+ }ha}` uh~h xog u~`m| xha}` uh~h xog k+ ` `yo! U`~ jvv`+ `v }oghvm` dao~` u`}jf` u`mog vo~ nog mjyo~vjijfhm`v o fhmh u`fh o kdh~+ ` fhmh ovf`khkj}o~~jh+ f`v}gh moijaj~ vhv u~j`~jmhmov }og}jfhv! ]hgng hv orjdafjhv i`~ghjv+f`g` mo ~jghv ` g}~jfh+ yh~jhg mo u`fh uh~h u`fh+ ` mo ovf`kh uh~h ovf`khkj}o~~jh!

Huovh~ mo }`mhv ovvhv u`vvjnjkjmhmov mo yh~jh`+ ` }or}` kj}o~~j` vo fh~hf}o~j|huokh oruk`~h` mo jghdoav xo hv uhkhy~hv u`mog f~jh~ o uokh ijahkjmhmo mo u~ù`~'fjàh~ u~h|o~ h`v koj}`~ov ` `yja}ov!



49

Vo` 6

_gh vnfkhvvjijfh`

m` dao~` u`}jf`< ` f`~mok

Fh~hf}o~j|h~ gh mhv i`~ghv mo ~ohkj|h` m` dao~` u`}jf`< ` f`~mok!

@nlo}jy`mh vo`

Uh~h mh~g`v fà}jajmhmo h gh ~oikor` v`n~o ` dao~` u`}jf`+ yhg`v hahkjvh~gh mhv i`~ghv mo vh `f`~~afjh+ ` f`~mok! g dao~` }or}hk xo hu~ovoa}h hkdghv

vogokbhahv o hkdghv mjio~oahv f`g `v uòghv l ov}mhm`v!@ f`~mok gh h}jyjmhmo mo fà}h~ bjv}~jhv xo yog movmo h Jmhmo Gmjh o+ a`

N~hvjk+ gj}` ghjv mjiamjm` ah ~odj` A`~mov}o m` xo og `}~hv uh~}ov!

@ a`go f`~mok }oyo `~jdog og U`~}dhk+ ah Jmhmo Gmjh+ u`~xo `v i`kbo}`vijfhyhg uoam~hm`v u`~ f`~mov ` nh~nha}ov+ og oru`vj`! @ govg` bnj}` o a`go fà}ja` ahv ioj~hv m` a`~mov}o n~hvjkoj~`+ amo+ h` govg` }ogu` og xo `v i`kbo}`vv` yoamjm`v+ `v yo~v`v v` mofkhghm`v!

Aovvov }or}`v+ g ah~~hm`~+ do~hkgoa}o haajg`+ fà}h vhv oruo~jafjhv uh~h }~hav'gj}j~ g oavjahgoa}` g`~hk+ gh vdov}` mo yjmh! @ haàjgh}`+ a` oa}ha}`+ i`j ghfh~hf}o~v}jfh bjv}~jfh xo h` kàd` m` }ogu` i`j vo uo~moam` o b`lo a` ghjv ~okoyha}o!

Uh~h oa}oamo~ ovvo dao~`+ yhg`v ko~ hv ov}~ìov jajfjhjv m` }or}` Vh}hav }~hnhkbha'm` a` ~`hm` mo V` Uom~`+ mo h}`~jh mo L`v F`v}h Koj}o!

Vh}hav }~hnhkbham` a` ~`hm` mo V` Uom~`

@ b`gog xo uò}hm`~go }h~mo+ hf`~mh fomògn`~h a` ~jgo nogo y` }~hh~ ` oa~om`m` Vh}hav }~hnhkbhamà` ~`hm` mo V` Uom~`!

gh uoxoah bjv}~jhb gj}` }ogu` uhvv

Português - Teoria e Prática 3

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