Renata Bianchini Magon

Sustainability impact on manufacturing operational

performance: an empirical investigation

Dissertao de Mestrado

Dissertation presented to the Programa de Ps-Graduao em Engenharia de Produo of the Departamento de Engenharia Industrial, PUC-Rio, as partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Mestre em Engenharia de Produo.

Advisor: Prof. Antnio Mrcio Tavares Thom

Co-advisor: Prof. Rui Manuel Soucasaux Meneses e Sousa

Rio de Janeiro July 2017

Pontifcia Universidade Catlica do Rio de Janeiro

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Renata Bianchini Magon

Sustainability impact on manufacturing operational

performance: an empirical investigation

Dissertation presented to the Programa de Ps-Graduao em Engenharia de Produo of PUC-Rio in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Mestre em Engenharia de Produo. Approved by the undersigned Examination Commitee.

Prof. Antnio Mrcio Tavares Thom Advisor

Departamento de Engenharia Industrial - PUC-Rio

Prof. Reinaldo Castro Souza Departamento de Engenharia Eltrica - PUC-Rio

Prof. Davi Michel Vallado Departamento de Engenharia Industrial - PUC-Rio

Prof. Marcio da Silveira Carvalho Vice Dean of Graduate Studies

Centro Tcnico Cientfico PUC - Rio

Rio de Janeiro, July 28th, 2017

Pontifcia Universidade Catlica do Rio de Janeiro

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All rights reserved.

Renata Bianchini Magon

Renata Bianchini Magon graduated in Industrial

Engineering at Pontifcia Universidade Catlica do Rio de

Janeiro PUC-Rio in 2003 and completed her post-graduate

degree in Business Logistics at COPPEAD in 2005. She

worked during eleven years at VALE with business

development and project management in a variety of

segments such as bioenergy, logistics and mining.

Bibliographic data

Bianchini Magon, Renata

Sustainability impact on manufacturing operational performance : an empirical investigation / Renata Bianchini Magon ; advisor: Antnio Mrcio Tavares Thom ; co-advisor: Rui Manuel Soucasaux Meneses e Sousa. 2017. 102 f. : il. color. ; 30 cm

Dissertao (mestrado)Pontifcia Universidade Catlica do Rio de Janeiro, Departamento de Engenharia Industrial, 2017. Inclui bibliografia

1. Engenharia Industrial Teses. 2. Sustentabilidade. 3. Prticas sustentveis. 4. Desempenho operacional. 5. Reviso de literatura. 6. Modelagem de equaes estruturais. I. Thom, Antnio Mrcio Tavares. II. Sousa, Rui Manuel Soucasaux Meneses e. III. Pontifcia Universidade Catlica do Rio de Janeiro. Departamento de Engenharia Industrial. IV. Ttulo.

CDD: 658.5

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To my family, for their support, encouragement,

advice and understanding.

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Acknowledgments

First, I want to thank my advisor, Prof. Mrcio Thom, for believing in my potential

to develop this work. I would like to express my gratitude to him and to my co-

advisor, Rui Sousa, for their ideas, commitment and valuable time dedicated to

support me throughout this work. Without their guidance and persistent help, this

dissertation would not have been possible.

I acknowledge CAPES and PUC-Rio for all aid granted.

I am grateful to all professors who kindly accepted the invitations to collaborate

with their experience for the evaluation of this study and to PUCs professors, staff

and my colleagues who shared their time and knowledge with me.

Furthermore, I would like to specially thank my husband, Luis Felipe, for

supporting me and understanding the difficulties of this path, and thank my

children, Daniel and Felipe, for making me a better human being.

I am very grateful to my parents, for all that they represent in my life and for having

taught me how valuable education is.

Finally, I would like to thank God, who gave me the strength to accomplish this

challenge.

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Abstract

Bianchini Magon, Renata; Thom, Antnio Mrcio Tavares; Sousa, Rui

Manuel Soucasaux Meneses. Sustainability impact on manufacturing

operational performance: an empirical investigation. Rio de Janeiro,

2017. 102p. Dissertao de Mestrado - Departamento de Engenharia

Industrial, Pontifcia Universidade Catlica do Rio de Janeiro.

Companies worldwide realized that being committed to sustainability is

becoming a source to competitive advantage. Empirical evidence exists in the

literature validating a positive link of sustainable manufacturing practices with

organizational performance. However, there is a lack of rigorous empirical studies

directly examining the impact of both environmental and social practices on

operational manufacturing performance, especially in four main competitive

operational capabilities: cost delivery, quality, and flexibility. This study analyses

these relationships with literature review and the backdrop of the resource-based

view and of the natural resource-based view of the firm. For this purpose, structural

equation modeling (SEM) is used to build the measurement model and hierarchical

stepwise multiple regression is used to test the research hypotheses. The data

used were obtained from the sixth round of the International Manufacturing

Strategy Survey (IMSS-VI) which includes responses from 931 manufacturing

plants within the assembly industry in 22 countries. Our findings suggest that

internal and external sustainability management practices are complementary.

Manufacturing plants can increase their quality and flexibility performance, by

implementing internal sustainable practices, such as water and energy

consumption reduction, environmental and social certifications, work/life balance

policies and sustainability communication, and can increase their cost efficiency

and delivery performance by promoting suppliers sustainability management.

Overall, this study contributes to the investigation of strategies for sustainable

management, highlighting important implications for both practice and future

research.

Keywords

Sustainability; sustainable practices; operational performance; operations

management; literature review; structural equation modeling; multivariate

regression.

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Resumo

Bianchini Magon, Renata; Thom, Antnio Mrcio Tavares; Sousa, Rui

Manuel Soucasaux Meneses. Impacto da sustentabilidade no desempenho

operacional da manufatura: uma investigao emprica. Rio de Janeiro,

2017. 102p. Dissertao de Mestrado - Departamento de Engenharia

Industrial, Pontifcia Universidade Catlica do Rio de Janeiro.

Dado o surgimento de uma nova ordem econmica, as empresas em todo

o mundo perceberam que precisam estar comprometidas com a sustentabilidade.

As presses externas vo desde o governo, com a criao de regulamentaes

socioambientais, at os empregados e a sociedade - mdia, ONGs e clientes - que

esto cada vez mais conectados, atentos e exigentes a essas questes.

Empresas sustentveis devem satisfazer as necessidades do presente (gerar

lucro) sem comprometer o futuro (respeitando o meio ambiente e os preceitos de

responsabilidade social).

A indstria de manufatura, foco dessa dissertao, tem muito a contribuir

para a sustentabilidade, pois impacta socio-economico-ambientalmente os locais

onde opera, de forma significativa. Gerao de gases de efeito estufa e de

resduos txicos esto entre os grandes viles, mas no se limitando a eles. No

mbito interno, as empresas necessitam absorver o conceito de sustentabilidade

no seu processo de produo, a partir de prticas de gesto ambiental

relacionadas, por exemplo, otimizao do uso dos recursos ambientais (ex.

reuso de gua e utilizao de energias alternativas), reduo de gases poluentes

e s alternativas para descarte de resduos; assim como s prticas de gesto

social tais como medidas para aumentar sade e segurana no ambiente de

trabalho e criao de programas ligados ao bem estar dos funcionrios. As aes,

porm, devem ser ampliadas para toda a cadeia do processo e devem ser

adotadas medidas colaborativas com os fornecedores para que sejam

comprometidos e tambm responsveis. No entanto, para a empresa se tornar

sustentvel, investimentos adicionais e aumento de custos so necessrios para

incluir em sua estrutura pessoal e processos responsveis pelo incremento da

sustentabilidade, seja ela econmica, social ou relacionada ao meio ambiente, o

chamado triple bottom line, em ingls.

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Por outro lado, o estmulo ao processo criativo, tanto de seus funcionrios

quanto de seus colaboradores, e a busca constante por solues eficazes e

eficientes, que gerem o menor impacto social e ambiental possvel, acabam por

criar oportunidades de negcios e, muitas vezes, melhorar ndices de

performance, sejam financeiros, operacionais ou ambientais. Esse ganha-ganha

tem sido demonst