Helder Gonçalves
LNEG
LNEG, 7 de Junho de 2016
Conferência RePUBLIC_ZEB
Desafios e oportunidades para os edifícios na
direcção de uma cidade inteligente
1. Aquecimento Global e redução das emissões de CO2
2. Desenvolvimento Urbano /Cidades
3. Enquadramento Europeu/Objectivos
4. Situação em Portugal
5. As Energias Renováveis
6. Os Edifícios e Cidades do Futuro
7. Os Cidadãos e as Famílias
PROBLEMA DA HUMANIDADE: AQUECIMENTO
GLOBAL - Efeito de Estufa
LiveScience (Credit: Will Elder, National Park Service)
"Mauna Loa CO2 monthly mean concentration" by Delorme - Own work. Data from Dr. Pieter Tans, NOAA/ESRL and Dr.
Ralph Keeling, Scripps Institution of Oceanography.. Licensed under CC BY-SA 4.0 via Commons -
Alterações Climáticas
Since the late 1800s, earth's average temperature has risen by 1.4 degrees
Fahrenheit (0.8 degrees Celsius) Temperatures are projected to rise another 2 to
11.5 degrees F (1.133 to 6.42 degrees C) over the next 100 years.
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Climate Change in Portugal
Global Warming- Project SIAM
Increasing of Annual Mean Temperature Scenario (DT - ºC)
2020 2050 2080
Mean Precipitation Scenario for 2080 (DP - %) Winter Spring Summer Autumn
( 2CO2 )
Fonte; Projecto SIAM, Prof. Filipe Duarte Santos
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Present and Global Warming Climate
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Main Cities
Lisbon Oporto
Desenvolvimento urbano à
escala global
Credit: C. Mayhew & R. Simmon (NASA/GSFC), NOAA/ NGDC, DMSP Digital Archive http://antwrp.gsfc.nasa.gov/apod/ap020810.html
Desde 2008, 50 % da população
mundial vive em cidades
3200 Milhões Wordwatch Institute- State of the world 2007
Em 1950 havia duas cidades com
mais de 10 milhões de habitantes,
Nova York e Tóquio (Megacidades)
Em 2025, o número de megacidades atingirá
37 (21 megacidades na Asia Wordwatch Institute- State of the world
Megacidades em 2015 = 22
Edifícios =
Consumos Energéticos
=
Emissões de CO2
New York
Lima - Perú
ÁREA METROPOLITANA DE LISBOA (AML)
População portuguesa
residente em áreas urbanas:
1950 – 19%
2000 – 68%
AML: 2,6 milhões de habitantes, 25% da população portuguesa.
ENERGIA
Targets for 2030
•a 40% cut in greenhouse gas emissions
compared to 1990 levels
•at least a 27% share of renewable energy
consumption
•at least 27% energy savings compared with the
business-as-usual scenario
EU Energy Strategy
Energy Union
Built with the ambition to achive in a cost –efective way a fundamental transformation of Europe´s Energy System.
Smarter, Flexible, Decrentralised, Integrated , Sustainable, Secure and Competive ways for the consumers.
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Towards an Integrated Strategic Energy Technology (SET) Plan:
Accelerating the European Energy
System Transformation
https://ec.europa.eu/energy/en/news/integrated-set-plan-fit-new-challenges
Targeted focus
• 4 core priorities
• Renewables,
• Consumer,
• Energy efficiency,
• Transport
• 2 research priorities • CCS
• Nuclear
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The Integrated SET Plan – main actions
Technology leadership by
developing highly performant
renewables technologies and their
integration in the system
Cost efficient key technologies
Number one in RES
Number 1 in renewable energy
1. Sustain technological leadership by developing highly performant renewable technologies and their integration in the EU’s energy system:
– EU can restore and scale-up to competitive
manufacturing the next generation of highly performing PV, including the technologies to integrate PV into the built environment
– EU is currently world leader, such as in offshore wind, lignocellulosic biofuels or ocean energy, leadership should be maintained
Number 1 in renewable energy
• Support the development of the next generation of renewables technologies and the improvement of their performance in particular to offshore wind, ocean energy, bioenergy, geothermal technologies, solar thermal, and technologies that convert power into chemicals and fuels
2 - Reduce the cost of key technologies
• in the Northern and Baltic Seas for offshore wind energy systems, including deployment and maintenance technologies and techniques, and develop the associated grid systems,
• on the Atlantic sea board for ocean energy, • in Southern Europe for photovoltaic and solar
thermal systems, algae and biomass residues, • in Northern, Central, and Eastern Europe for
bio-energy and bio-fuels.
The future smart EU energy system, with the consumer at the centre
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The Integrated SET Plan – main actions (II)
Smart homes, smart cities
Resilience, security and smartness
of the energy system
Consumer at the centre of
the future energy system
3 - Create technologies and services for smart homes that provide smart solutions to energy consumers
• give consumers in homes, companies and public administration control to optimise their energy consumption (and production);
• cities the opportunity to optimise the use of energy in their infrastructures, through a more interactive/smarter system, relying on smart grid services.
4 - Increase the resilience, security and smartness of the energy system:
• EU needs to develop and demonstrate innovative power electronics, flexible thermal generation, demand response and storage, as well as efficient heating and cooling technologies (such as heat pumps and combined heat and power);
• Connecting the different networks in an integrated energy system, will be particularly important for ensuring the stability and security of the electricity system, as well as the protection and privacy of consumer data .
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The Integrated SET Plan – main actions (III)
New materials and technologies
for energy efficiency solutions for
buildings
Continue efforts to make EU
industry less energy intensive and
more competitive
Efficient energy systems
5 - Develop new materials and technologies for, and the market uptake of, energy efficiency
solutions for buildings
• The development of advanced materials and industrialised construction processes to reduce costs;
• Accelerate the large-scale market uptake of Nearly Zero Energy Buildings .
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The Integrated SET Plan – main actions (IV)
Become competitive in the
global battery sector
Renewable fuels needed for
sustainable transport solutions
Sustainable transport
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The Integrated SET Plan – additional actions (V)
A forward-looking approach to
carbon capture and storage
(CCS) and carbon capture and
use (CCU)
Increase safety in the use of
nuclear energy
6 - Continue efforts to make EU industry less energy intensive and more competitive ;
7 - Become competitive in the global battery sector to drive e-mobility forward;
8 - Strengthen market take-up of renewable fuels needed for sustainable transport solutions;
9 - Step up research and innovation activities on the application of carbon capture and storage (CCS) and the commercial viability of carbon capture and use (CCU);
10 - Maintaining a high level of safety of nuclear reactors (Increase safety in the use of nuclear energy )
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New impulse to the partnership
Principles: Targeted focus, integrated
approach, new management
Changes:
SET Plan in the Energy Union
Widening to new actors
More joint actions
Transparency, indicators and reporting
Monitoring and knowledge sharing
SET Plan fit for the new challenges
Horizon 2020 Societal Challenge 3 "Secure, Clean and Efficient Energy”
HORIZON 2020 WP 2016/17
'Secure, Clean and Efficient Energy’
1. ENERGY EFFICIENCY
2. COMPETITIVE LOW-CARBON ENERGY
3. SMART AND SUSTAINABLE CITIES
4. Fast-track-to-Innovation pilot (64 itens)
Integrated
energy system
Smart Power and Mobility
City platforms for interoperable
infrastructures and technologies
Nearly 0 or low energy districts
Smart and sustainable cities
Smart Cities and Communities
TOPIC Type of scheme
EC Contribution
SCC 1 – 2016/2017 Smart Cities and Communities lighthouse projects IA (> TRL 7) 12-18 M€
Keywords: smart homes, smart energy, ICT systems and electric vehicles, integration, replication of solutions
EDIFÍCIOS E AS
CIDADES
Os Edifícios em Portugal
representam:
30 % dos consumos energéticos
60 % do consumo eléctrico
2º sector em termos de emissões de CO2
Lisboa
Share of renewables in gross final energy consumption,
2013 and 2020 (%)
Pt (6º)
www.apren.pt
Produção de eletricidade por fonte em 2015 - Apren.
Acumulado janeiro a novembro 2015. Portugal Continental
Energy (NATIONAL GEOGRAPHIC)
Portugal Ditched Fossil Fuel Power for 4 Days. Can We
Go Longer?
Portugal became the latest country to coast solely on renewable energy this
month, going without fossil-fuel power for four days straight. Denmark, Germany,
and others recently have declared similar feats. But are these temporary clean-
power surges a mark of real change, and if so, how far can that go?
Achieving a big scale-up of renewable energy will take more than building wind
and solar power plants.
Solar Settlement Freiburg, Germany
Architecture and Concept: Rolf Disch
11,000 m² area with 59 terrace houses,
3,150 m² roof integrated PV,
district heating network
Solaire – Battery Park City, NY: 33 kWp USGBC LEED – Gold Architect: Cesar Pelli
Cortesy
ARCHITECTURAL INTEGRATION CHALLENGE
Innovation_Park/InnovParkBrochure2012.pdf
Bahrain World Trade Center
Sigma House BRE Innovation Park
ARCHITECTURAL INTEGRATION CHALLENGE
slide 48 de 11
Towards Innovation - Towards NZEB
sapa-s
ola
r
BIPV PCM
www.glassx.ch
BIPV-T
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Os Desafios do Futuro
1. Alterações Climáticas /COP Clima
2. Cidades e o novo paradigma (Smart Cities/Smart Grids)
3. Mudanças no Sistema Energético,
(introdução das Energias Renováveis)
4. Eficiência Energética nos Edifícios e nas
Cidades (REABILITAÇÃO)
5. Mini-geração Renovável
6. NZEB – Net Zero Energy Buildings
7. Quadro Legal /Regulamentar
8. CIDADÃO e as Famílias
ENERGY IN CITY
ENERGY NETWORK
BUILDINGS
city energy flows
smart grids NZEB?
urban morphology
shift bewteen thermal and
electrical loads
interaction between
building and grid
… … …
SUPPLY TECH
integration of RES in building
and grids
hybrid supply systems
TRANSPORT
electric mobility
public transport
Walking/cicling
SMART CITIES - KEY ACTIONS/AREAS? obrigado
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