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Lisv{ldfjub ef Fp`bnlp Sbdfv @bssfal ‐ Ljb Nf`uaxb 3;<;"3;<<

Fp`bnl Pf`vjeìsal Sbdfv @bssfal ‐ Hfamð

Fjfsial Jv`nfls

 Ljl Cflusa} Ibjélnxfp j½<

Dlsapl Dangljb j½33

[fesb Nb{fp j½35

\väda`l L

[sbhfppbsl Ljl [lvnl Panxfasb

5 ef Hfxfsfasb ef 3;<<

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¡ @b{qsaigu Dlsapl Dangljb 3;<< $ FJFSIAL JV@NFLS $

¡ @b{qsaigu Dlsapl Dangljb 3;<< 3 ~ [ ì i a j l  

ÄJEA@F

  Ajusbevéàb 0   Fjfsial Jv`nfls 5 

  Ua{bp ef Sfl`éöfp Jv`nflsfp

  Sfl`éàb ef Happàb 8 

  Sfl`éàb ef Hvpàb 7 

  [sðp f @bjuslp el Fjfsial Jv`nfls <; 

  @fjuslap Jv`nflsfp xfspvp @fjuslap Ufsdbfná`usa`lp <8 

   L{na`léöfp el Fjfsial Jv`nfls <7 

  Fjfsial Jv`nfls fd [bsuviln2 33 

  @bj`nvpàb 36 

  Cacnabislhal 38 

  Yfcislhal 38 

   Ljfwbp

   Ljfwb L ‐ @fjuslap Jv`nflsfp jb Dvjeb 31 

   Ljfwb C ‐ Ifbislhal el Dluásal$[sadl 0< 

   Ljfwb @ ‐ Ifbislhal el [sbevéàb ef Fnf`usa`aelef ef Bsaifd Jv`nfls 03 

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¡ @b{qsaigu Dlsapl Dangljb 3;<< $ FJFSIAL JV@NFLS $

¡ @b{qsaigu Dlsapl Dangljb 3;<< 0 ~ [ ì i a j l  

AJUSBEVÉÀB

Efpef |vf pvsiav b Gbdfd. |vf fpuf ef{fjef ubulndfjuf eb dfab ldcafjuf f ebp pfvpsf`vspbp* B Gbdfd ufd xajeb l `bjpvdas fpufp sf`vspbp. f jbp ýnuadbp ufd{bp ef vdl hbsdl

clpuljuf fw`fppaxl. fj`bjusljeb$pf lppad ̀ lel xf} dlap ef{fjefjuf efpufp*

L`uaxaelefp `bdb {bs fwfd{nb b efpfjxbnxadfjub ajevpusaln. l fw{ljpàb ebp usljp{bsufp

f b `sfp`adfjub efdbisìha`b. jàb uíd {lsleb ef lvdfjuls. b |vf {bs pvl xf} ufd `lvpleb vd

`bjuäjvb lvdfjub ebp `bjpvdbp fjfsiáua`bp dvjealap* Apub hl} `bd |vf pf sf`bssl. ef hbsdl

`lel xf} dlap {sf`a{aulel f assfhnf`uael. |vfs lbp sf`vspbp fjfsiáua`bp sfjbxìxfap |vfs lbp

sf`vspbp jàb sfjbxìxfap*

@bjuslsaldfjuf lb |vf efxal pfs hfaub. b Gbdfd pfsxf$pf gbmf fd eal dvaub dlap ebp

sf`vspbp jàb sfjbxìxfap. efxaeb lbp fnfxlebp `vpubp f ë {bv`l sfjulcanaelef ebp sf`vspbp

sfjbxìxfap*

L Fjfsial Jv`nfls f l pvl {bppacanaelef ef vuana}léàb {bppvfd fnfxlebp sap`bp. dlp

uldcád dvaulp xljulifjp lb jbppb efpfjxbnxadfjub. b |vf hl} `bd |vf fpul fpufml l ifsls

xlsalelp eap`vppöfp l jäxfn dvjealn* Á xapul `bdb vdl {bppäxfn hvil lb lnub `bjpvdb. f ë

ef{fjeíj`al eb {fusðnfb. dlp `bdb ubelp lp bvuslp fjfsialp jàb sfjbxìxfap. á hajaul f usìp

`bjpaib sfp{bjplcanaelefp. sfp{bjplcanaelefp fpulp |vf ulnxf} b Gbdfd jàb `bjpail pv{bsuls*

Fpuf uslclngb {bppva fjuàb `bdb {saj`a{lap bcmf`uaxbp `bd{sffjefs b |vf á l fjfsial

jv`nfls f fd |vf `bjgf`adfjubp `afjuäha`bp pf clpfal. |vf ua{b ef sfl`éöfp jv`nflsfp b`bssfd

jvdl `fjusln jv`nfls. |vlap lp {saj`a{lap xljulifjp f efpxljulifjp eb pfv vpb f lp pvlp l`uvlap

l{na`léöfp. f ufjuls {fs`fcfs {bs had fd |vf {bjub el pauvléàb pf fj`bjusl l`uvlndfjuf

[bsuviln fd sfnléàb l fpuf ufdl*

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¡ @b{qsaigu Dlsapl Dangljb 3;<< $ FJFSIAL JV@NFLS $

¡ @b{qsaigu Dlsapl Dangljb 3;<< 5 ~ [ ì i a j l  

FJFSIAL JV@NFLS

L fjfsial jv`nfls clpfal$pf jb {saj`ä{ab ef f|vaxlníj`al ef fjfsial f dlppl xfsaha`leb

{bs Fajpufaj. |vf sfnl`abjl fpulp evlp xlsaìxfap `bdb dbpusl l hðsdvnl=

F 4 d`3 

Fd |vf=

F ‐ fjfsial. d  ‐ dlppl. `  ‐ xfnb`aelef el nv} jb xì`vb '1w<;7 d"p!

Fpul fjfsial á nacfsulel jvdl sfl`éàb jv`nfls

'fjfsial fnf`usbdlijáua`l!  ‐ lppb`alel l nailéöfp fjusf

ìubdbp. fnf`usöfp bv {sbuöfp. bv pfml. fd {sb`fppbp ef

usljphbsdléàb ef jý`nfbp luðda`bp. fd |vf b`bssf l

`bjxfspàb ef dlppl el dluásal fd fjfsial 'sfnl`abjlelp

{fnl hðsdvnl l{sfpfjulel ljufsabsdfjuf!* Fpul fjfsial á

{sbev}ael f ̀ bjusbnlel {bs sfl`éöfp jv`nflsfp*

Sf`bseljeb l efhajaéàb ef apðub{b. |vf ea} |vf „Apðub{bp pàb ìubdbp |vf `bjuád b

dfpdb jýdfsb ef {sbuöfp dlp eahfsfjuf jýdfsb ef jfvusöfp—. plcf $pf |vf lnivjp apðub{bp

ef efufsdajlebp fnfdfjubp efdbjpusld l `l{l`aelef ef pf usljphbsdlsfd fd bvusbp

apðub{bp bv fnfdfjubp luslxáp ef sfl`éöfp jv`nflsfp. fdauajeb fjfsial evsljuf fppf {sb`fppb

'dlap vdl xf}. clpfljeb$pf jb {saj`ä{ab ef f|vaxlníj`al ef Fajpufaj!*

Lppad l uf`jbnbial jv`nfls fw{nbsl fpul dfpdl fjfsial |vf á nacfsulel. ufjuljeb lb

dìwadb l{sbxfauì$nl. lb ufjuls `bjxfsufs b `lnbs fdauaeb jl sfl`éàb fd fjfsial fná`usa`l* Fpuf

{sb`fppb ef bcufs fnf`usa`aelef luslxáp el fjfsial jv`nfls `bdfébv {bv`b ef{bap el

efp`bcfsul. jb ajä`ab eb pá`vnb WW. |vf efufsdajlebp fnfdfjubp. `bdb b sìeab. nacfsulxld

|vljuaelefp fwbscauljufp ef fjfsial. ef l`bseb `bd b {saj`ä{ab ef dlppl fjfsial*

Fpul nacfsuléàb ef fjfsial {bef pfs efxaeldfjuf `bjusbnlel jvd sfl`ubs jv`nfls. bv

{bef pfs efp`bjusbnlel jb `lpb ef vdl cbdcl luðda`l*

L fjfsial jv`nfls. l{fpls elp pvlp isljefp {bufj`alnaelefp fjfsiáua`lp. ufd fpuleb

lppb`alel l isljefp efplpusfp dvjealap. `bdb b hbib ef @gfsjbcnq 'l 38 ef Lcsan ef <178! bv

lb elp cbdclp jv`nflsfp ef Gasbpgadl f Jlilploa '8 ef Libpub ef <156 f 1 ef Libpub ef <156.

sfp{f`uaxldfjuf!*

Haivsl <= Sfl`éàb jb ajufsabs ef vd

sfl`ubs jv`nfls*

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¡ @b{qsaigu Dlsapl Dangljb 3;<< $ FJFSIAL JV@NFLS $

¡ @b{qsaigu Dlsapl Dangljb 3;<< 6 ~ [ ì i a j l  

B `bj`faub el fjfsial jv`nfls pvsiav `bd Fsjfpu Svugfshbse. häpa`b `bjgf`aeb {bs ufs

efp`bcfsub b jý`nfb luðda`b. f |vf l`sfeaulxl |vf bp jý`nfbp {beald pfs dbeaha`lebp luslxáp

ef cbdclsefldfjub `bd {lsuä`vnlp sì{aelp* @bd l efp`bcfsul eb jfvusàb {fs`fcfv$pf fjuàb

|vf fwapuasald eaxfsplp {bppacanaelefp {lsl fpulp dbeaha`léöfp* Ael Jbeel`o hba l {sadfasl l

pvp{fauls |vf evsljuf b cbdclsefldfjub ef jý`nfbp {fplebp `bd jfvusöfp. fppfp {befsald

|vfcsls$pf fd {felébp isljefp. |vf pàb apðub{bp ef fnfdfjubp `bjgf`aebp. dlp jàb xa}ajgbp

ebp bsaiajlap jl ulcfnl {fsaðea`l*

Dlp hba l{fjlp fd <107. jl Lnfdljgl. {bs Buub Glgj f Hsau} PuslÒdljj. |vf l happàb

jv`nfls hba efp`bcfsul. luslxáp ef vdl sfl`éàb |vf {bef pfs fp`saul el pfivajuf hbsdl=

@bjuveb. l happàb jv`nfls hba l{fjlp ef{bap fw{na`lel {bs Napf Dfaujfs f Buub Hsap`g. lbsflna}lsfd l {sadfasl sfl`éàb fd `lefal. jb ãdcaub eb {sbmf`ub „Dljgluulj— {lsl l

`bjpusvéàb el {sadfasl cbdcl luðda`l*

Fp|vfdl ef vdl sfl`éàb ef happàb? fd |vf bp „happabjlcnf jv`nfvp— `bssfp{bjefd lb 30613V. |vf pf pf{lsl fd ebap jý`nfbp

<0168Cl f b 1608Os `bd nacfsuléàb ef fjfsial f ef jfvusöfp. |vf {bs pvl xf} asàb cbdclsefls bvusbp jý`nfbp ef 30613V 

 

Haivsl 3= Fp|vfdl

evdl sfl`éàb ef happàb*

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¡ @b{qsaigu Dlsapl Dangljb 3;<< $ FJFSIAL JV@NFLS $

¡ @b{qsaigu Dlsapl Dangljb 3;<< 8 ~ [ ì i a j l  

UA[BP EF SFL@ÉÖFP JV@NFLSFP

Lp sfl`éöfp jv`nflsfp `bjpapufd fppfj`alndfjuf jl dbeaha`léàb el `bd{bpaéàb eb

jý`nfb luðda`b ef vd fnfdfjub. b |vf b {bef hl}fs ubsjls$pf jbvusb fnfdfjub

`bd{nfuldfjuf eahfsfjuf* Fpuf hfjðdfjb {bef pfs fp{bjuãjfb bv efpfj`lefleb {fnb

Gbdfd*

Fwapufd evlp hbsdlp ef sfl`éöfp jv`nflsfp= l happàb jv`nfls. bjef b jý`nfb luðda`b pf

eaxaef fd evlp bv dlap {lsuä`vnlp '`apàb ef jý`nfbp {fplebp {lsl bcufs jý`nfbp dlap

{f|vfjbp!? f l hvpàb jv`nfls. jl |vln lb dfjbp ebap jý`nfbp luðda`bp pf vjfd {lsl hbsdls vd

jbxb jý`nfb dlabs. bv pfml. `bd vd dlabs jýdfsb ef dlppl*

HAPPÀB JV@NFLS

L sfl`éàb dlap vuana}lel {fnlp hìcsa`lp á l ef happàb jv`nfls. |vf l{sbxfaul l fjfsial

nacfsulel {lsl l {sbevéàb ef fjfsial fná`usa`l* B `bdcvpuäxfn vuana}leb á b 306V. |vf á clpuljuf

slsb jl jluvsf}l. pfjeb {bs appb vuana}leb b pfv apðub{b 307V {lsl hbsdls 306V. xapub |vf b 307V

l{fpls ef pfs dvaub dlap lcvjeljuf. pbhsf happàb `bd dvaub dfjbp hsf|víj`al |vf b 306V f

nacfsul vdl |vljuaelef ef fjfsial {f|vfjl 'elä ufs pf pfs fjsa|vf`aeb!* Fnf {lppl ef vdl{fs`fjulifd ef ;.9& jl jluvsf}l {lsl 0& jlp `fjuslap jv`nflsfp '`bjpvnuls Ljfwb C ‐ Ifbislhal el

Dluásal$[sadl!*

Fpul {fs`fjulifd á l vuana}lel. xapub |vf ef bvusl hbsdl l sfl`éàb jàb pfsal lvub$

pvpufjulel. b |vf paijaha`l |vf ebp jfvusöfp. nacfsulebp l|vljeb el sfl`éàb. á `l{uvsleb bvusl

xf} {bs vd 306V. f jàb {bs 307V. ef hbsdl l fwapuas pfd{sf 306V f l sfl`éàb {befs `bjuajvls*

Haivsl 0= Sfl`ubs ef happàb jv`nfls fp|vfdlua}leb*

@as`vaub

Pf`vjeìsab

@as`vaub 

[sadìsab 

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¡ @b{qsaigu Dlsapl Dangljb 3;<< $ FJFSIAL JV@NFLS $

¡ @b{qsaigu Dlsapl Dangljb 3;<< 9 ~ [ ì i a j l  

Jl adlifd ljufsabs {befdbp bcpfsxls vd sfl`ubs ef happàb jv`nfls fp|vfdlua}leb. |vf

dbpusl b pfv hvj`abjldfjub f l pvl hajlnaelef 'fnf`usa`aelef!*

Jb jý`nfb eb sfl`ubs lp happöfp jv`nflsfp |vf b`bssfd jb 306V lvdfjuld l ufd{fsluvsl

el ìivl. |vf {bs pf fj`bjusls fd lnul {sfppàb jàb fxl{bsl* Fpul ìivl hvj`abjl `bdb

`bjusbnlebsl ebp jfvusöfp ef hbsdl l fxauls |vf fpufp pf hvjeld `bd b 307V* Apub b`bssf jb

papufdl {sadìsab*

Lppad. l ìivl |vfjuf |vf pf fj`bjusl jb sfl`ubs á cbdcflel {fnb {fsdvulebs ef `lnbs

{lsl lp {lsfefp ef uvclifd {lsl l ìivl eb pfjuaeb pf`vjeìsab* Fpul {lppl {lsl b fpuleb

ilpbpb f xla l``abjls l uvscajl |vf fpuì nailel lb ifslebs. hbsdljeb `bssfjuf fná`usa`l* B

xl{bs ef ìivl {bs pvl xf} xla {lsl vd `bjefjplebs bjef l pvl ufd{fsluvsl efp`f. {lppljeb

bvusl xf} {lsl b fpuleb nä|vaeb  ‐ `bjefjpléàb* Ef{bap l ìivl xbnul l pfs sfajusbev}ael jb

`as`vaub {sadìsab*

Fwapufd xìsabp ua{bp ef sfl`ubsfp ef happàb= sfl`ubsfp ef ìivl nfxf. sfl`ubsfp ef ìivl

{fplel f sfl`ubsfp ef sì{aeb fjsa|vf`adfjub. |vf xlsald `bjpbljuf l pvcpuãj`al dbefslebsl

vuana}lel 'jb `lpb fw{na`leb ljufsabsdfjuf b sfl`ubs fsl b ef ìivl nfxf ‐ b dlap pad{nfp!*

Vd hfjðdfjb |vf á bcpfsxleb fd sfl`ubsfp jv`nflsfp

ef `appàb dbefslebp `bd ìivl á l Slealéàb ef @gfsfjobx

'bv Fhfaub @gfsfjobx!* Fpul b`bssf |vljeb vdl {lsuä`vnl

fnf`usa`ldfjuf `lssfilel luslxfppl vd dfab efjpb.

efpnb`ljeb$pf l vdl xfnb`aelef pv{fsabs ë el nv} jfpuf dfab.

hl}fjeb `bd |vf pfml fdauael slealéàb fnf`usbdlijáua`l |vf

{bef fpuls jl hlawl eb xapäxfn. {sbxb`lel {fnl bjel ef `gb|vf

|vf dls`l l {lpplifd el xfnb`aelef el nv} jb dfab*L ajufjpaelef ubuln el slealéàb ef @gfsfjobx á {sb{bs`abjln ë xfnb`aelef el `lsil

fw`aulel f lb jýdfsb efpulp {lsuä`vnlp* Lnád eappb. l ajufjpaelef sfnluaxl ef vdl hsf|víj`al á

{sb{bs`abjln ë {sð{sal hsf|víj`al* Lppad. lnulp hsf|víj`alp pàb dlap ajufjplp jl slealéàb

@gfsfjobx. b |vf mvpuaha`l b hl`ub ef fpul slealéàb l{sfpfjuls vdl nvdajbpaelef l}vn* Jl

xfselef. l dlabsal el slealéàb @gfsfjobx fj`bjusl$pf jl sfiaàb vnuslxabnful eb fp{f`usb*

Haivsl 5= Xapvlna}léàb eb fhfaub

ef @gfsfjobx*

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¡ @b{qsaigu Dlsapl Dangljb 3;<< $ FJFSIAL JV@NFLS $

¡ @b{qsaigu Dlsapl Dangljb 3;<< 7 ~ [ ì i a j l  

SFL@ÉÖFP EF HVPÀB

Bp sfl`ubsfp jv`nflsfp |vf vuana}ld lp

sfl`éöfp ef hvpàb lajel fpuàb fd hlpf

fw{fsadfjuln. {bap lajel fwapufd eýxaelp l`fs`l el

pvl xalcanaelef uá`ja`l f f`bjðda`l. efxaeb {bs

fwfd{nb ëp ufd{fsluvslp lnuäppadlp l |vf lp

sfl`éöfp b`bssfd* Fpufp sfl`ubsfp vuana}ld sfl`éöfp

ef hvpàb jv`nfls |vf usljphbsdld gaesbiájab fd

gánab. `bdb dbpusl l f|vléàb=

0<G /

3<G  

53Gf /

<;j

Fpul sfl`éàb pð b`bssf fp{bjuljfldfjuf fd nb`lap `bdb b jbppb Pbn. l ufd{fsluvslp {bs

xbnul ebp <;7 O* Apub ubsjl dvaub `bd{na`lel l `bjpusvéàb ebp sfl`ubsfp. {bs jàb glxfs l

{bppacanaelef el fwapuíj`al ef dluásal pðnael l fpulp ufd{fsluvslp. l{fjlp vd fpuleb l |vf pf

efjbdajl {nlpdl*

Fpuf fpuleb á `bjpaefsleb b |vlsub fpuleb el dluásal. b

`gldleb iìp abja}leb. fd |vf bp jý`nfbp f bp fnf`usöfp fpuàbnaxsfp. jvdl eapusacvaéàb |vlpf jfvusl 'fd |vf lp

`bj`fjusléöfp ef aöfp {bpauaxbp f jfiluaxbp pàb |vlpf aivlap!* L

dlap {f|vfjl eahfsfjél ef `lsilp ubsjl$b fnf`usa`ldfjuf

`bjevuäxfn. hl}fjeb ̀ bd |vf pfml dvaub fnf`usbdlijáua`b*

Lppad b {sb`fppb clpfal$pf fd l|vf`fs b pvha`afjuf bp jý`nfbp ef efvuásab ' 3<G! luá pf

`gfils l fpuf fpuleb ef {nlpdl* Xapub |vf lppad |vf pf ln`ljél fppf fpuleb. bp ìubdbp ef

gaesbiájab pf efplisfild. apub {fsdauf |vf pf `gb`lsfd. b`bssl fjusf fnfp vdl hvpàb.

{sbev}ajeb ìubdbp ef gánab*

Haivsl 6= Sfl`ubs jv`nfls ef hvpàb

'Ubobdlo!*

 

Haivsl 8= Sfl`éàb ef hvpàb*

Haivsl 9= [nlpdl*

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¡ @b{qsaigu Dlsapl Dangljb 3;<< $ FJFSIAL JV@NFLS $

¡ @b{qsaigu Dlsapl Dangljb 3;<< 1 ~ [ ì i a j l  

L eahfsfjél fjfsiáua`l fjusf ebap jý`nfbp ef efvuásab f vd ef gánab pfsì fdauael jl

hbsdl ef fjfsial |vf dljufsì b fpuleb {nlpdìua`b `bd pbcsl ef isljef |vljuaelef ef

fjfsial ýuan*

Lp fw{fsaíj`alp sflna}lelp {lsl bcufs fpul sfl`éàb. uíd paeb hfaulp fd sfl`ubsfp fp{l`alap

vuana}ljeb uá`ja`lp ef `bjhajldfjub. fp{f`alndfjuf l ef `bjhajldfjub fnf`usbdlijáua`b f ef

`bjhajldfjub ajfs`aln. |vf {fsdaufd pv{bsuls l dlppl eb dlufsaln jb fpuleb {nlpdìua`b 'xapub

|vf jàb fwapufd sfpfsxluðsabp ̀ l{l}fp ef pv{bsuls lp fnfxlelp ufd{fsluvslp l fnf lppb`alelp!*

B `bjhajldfjub fnf`usbdlijáua`b l{na`l `ld{bp dlijáua`bp |vf l{sapabjl lp {lsuä`vnlp

fná`usa`lp eb {nlpdl. fj|vljub |vf b `bjhajldfjub ajfs`aln cbdclsefal {f|vfjlp |vljuaelefp

ef `bdcvpuäxfn jb jý`nfb `bd slealéàb nlpfs xajel ef |vlpf ubebp bp ãjivnbp ef hbsdl l

dljufs b {nlpdl `bjuaeb l vdl eapuãj`al `bjpaefsìxfn elp {lsfefp eb sfl`ubs*

Lp {lsfefp eb sfl`ubs sf`fcfd bp jfvusöfp nacfsulebp jl sfl`éàb f |vf. {bs jàb ufsfd

`lsil jàb {befd pfs `bjhajlebp  ‐ {fnbp dáubebp sfhfsaebp ljufsabsdfjuf* Fpufp jfvusöfp

usljp{bsuld vdl isljef |vljuaelef el fjfsial nacfsulel jl sfl`éàb jv`nfls. jl hbsdl ef

fjfsial `ajáua`l* [lsl pf `bjpfivas `l{uvsls fppl fjfsial vuana}l$pf glcauvlndfjuf b näuab

hvjeaeb. |vf `l{uvsl bp jfvusöfp luslxáp el sfl`éàb=

8

0Na /

<

;j  

0

<G /

5

3Gf

Lppad. l fjfsial `ajáua`l eb 0<G 'usänab! f ef 5

3Gf á

`bjxfsuael fd fjfsial ajufsjl eb näuab hvjeaeb. |vf

ef{bap pfsxf {lsl l|vf`fs l ìivl nailel l vdl uvscajl

'{sb`fppb pfdfngljuf ë elp sfl`éöfp ef happàb. jbdfleb

ljufsabsdfjuf!*

Bvusb dbuaxb |vf jbp nfxl l vuana}ls b näuab. á |vf b

usäuab ef{bap ef pf{lsleb 'lnib |vf hl`andfjuf pf sflna}l!

{fsdauf l pvl sfvuana}léàb `bdb `bdcvpuäxfn*

Bp `afjuapulp eb {sbmf`ub „Aufs—. eb |vln {lsua`a{ld

b Ml{àb f l Vjaàb Fvsb{fal. {sfufjefd `bjpusvas vdl

`fjusln fw{fsadfjuln ef hvpàb {lsl `bd{sbxls l

xalcanaelef f`bjðda`l eb {sb`fppb `bdb dfab ef

bcufjéàb ef fjfsial*

Haivsl 7= @lsul} {vcna`auìsab eb {sbmf`ub „AUFS—. efpfjxbnxaeb jb pvn ef Hsljél. |vf ufd `bdb

bcmf`uaxb efdbjpusls `bdb l fjfsial jv`nfls ef hvpàb á l hbjuf ef fjfsial jv`nfls eb hvuvsb*

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¡ @b{qsaigu Dlsapl Dangljb 3;<< $ FJFSIAL JV@NFLS $

¡ @b{qsaigu Dlsapl Dangljb 3;<< <; ~ 

[ ì i a j l  

[SÐP F @BJUSLP EL FJFSIAL JV@NFLS

Jl Vjaàb Fvsb{fal. l fjfsial jv`nfls ifsl vd ufséb el fjfsial fná`usa`l |vf á {sbev}ael

'`bjpvnuls Ljfwb @!. fxauljeb {bs fpuf dbuaxb. l fdappàb ef 9;; dangöfp ef ubjfnlelp ef @B3. {bs

ljb {lsl l ludbphfsl '`bjpvnuls ulcfnl 3. @fjuslap Jv`nflsfp xfspvp @fjuslap Ufsdbfná`usa`lp!* Fpuf jýdfsb

á f|vaxlnfjuf ë sfuaslel ef `as`vnléàb ef ubebp bp `lssbp |vf fwapufd jl Fvsb{l.

l{sbwadleldfjuf 3;; dangöfp*  

Islélp ë fjfsial jv`nfls. 'fd <118! hba fxaulel ë fp`bnl inbcln l fdappàb ef 3.00 danglsfp

ef dangöfp ef ubjfnlelp ef @B3 {lsl l ludbphfsl. fdappöfp fpplp |vf pfsald dlabsaulsaldfjuf

ef `bdcvpuäxfap hðppfap* Vdl `fjusln jv`nfls jbsdln fxaul fd dáeal l fdappàb ef 1; dangöfp

ef ubjfnlelp ef @B3. 0<3 ;;; ubjfnlelp ef ðwaebp ef l}bub 'JBw!. 86; ;;; ubjfnlelp ef PB3.

cfd `bdb <9; ;;; ubjfnlelp ef `aj}lp. |vf `bjufsald dlap ef 63;; ubjfnlelp ef lspájab.

`ìedab. dfs`ýsab f `gvdcb*

Bp efssldfp ef vdl `fjusln jv`nfls l hvj`abjls lef|vleldfjuf pàb däjadbp f pàb

fw{fnaebp fppfj`alndfjuf pbc hbsdl ilpbpl {fnl `gldajá el `fjusln. pfjeb |vf l isljef

dlabsal ebp ilpfp fdauaebp pàb `bjpuauväebp {bs xl{bs ef ìivl* [bs bvusb nleb. l `bd{bjfjuf

nä|vael lppb`alel ë sfhsaifsléàb el `fjusln. ufd fdappöfp dvaub clawlp ef slealéàb*

Haivsl 1= @fjusln Jv`nfls jl Sf{ýcna`l @gf`l*

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¡ @b{qsaigu Dlsapl Dangljb 3;<< $ FJFSIAL JV@NFLS $

¡ @b{qsaigu Dlsapl Dangljb 3;<< << ~ 

[ ì i a j l  

Jb fjuljub. lp `fjuslap jv`nflsfp jàb fpuàb apfjulp ef {fsaibp* Eapuajivfd$pf {fnb dfjbp

`aj`b ua{bp ef {sbcnfdlp |vf {befd {õs fd `lvpl l pfivsljél elp `fjuslap jv`nflsfp f. {bs

`bjpf|víj`al. l pfivsljél elp {b{vnléöfp f eb {nljful= bp efplpusfp jluvslap. bp fssbp

gvdljbp. lp nadauléöfp el uf`jbnbial

 

. bp lufjulebp ufssbsapulp f l `bssael ëp lsdlp luðda`lp*

Fxaefjufdfjuf |vf. ë fw`f{éàb eb {sbcnfdl el `bssael ëp lsdlp luðda`lp. ubebp bp bvusbp

uldcád pf `bnb`ld jlp `fjuslap uásda`lp l `bdcvpuäxfap hðppfap bv jbvusb ua{b ef ajhsl$

fpusvuvslp `axap f danaulsfp ef jluvsf}l fpusluáia`l* Pð |vf bp fhfaubp ef vd l`aefjuf bv ef vd

lufjuleb jvd sfl`ubs jv`nfls pàb {bufj`alndfjuf dvaub dlap {fsaibpbp {lsl lp {b{vnléöfp f

{lsl b ldcafjuf*

Dfpdb lppad. b dlabs {fsaib evdl `fjusln jv`nfls

fpuì sfnl`abjleb `bd l `bjuldajléàb sleabl`uaxl. {bs fssbp

gvdljbp. elp {fppblp |vf jfnlp uslclngld bv eb dfab

ldcafjuf* Lp `fjuslap jv`nflsfp vuana}ld f {sbev}fd

dlufsalap sleabl`uaxbp. |vf uíd ef pfs usljp{bsulebp f

dlja{vnlebp fd `bjeaéöfp ef pfivsljél fwusfdl. l had ef

jàb `bjuldajlsfd l ludbphfsl. bp pbnbp f lp ìivlp*

Fpuf l`bjuf`adfjub {befsal nfxls l lnufsléöfp islxäppadlp jbp f`bppapufdlp lhf`ulebp.

xapub |vf bp fhfaubp l nbjib {sl}b ef {f|vfjlp ebpfp ef slealéàb `bjpuljufp pàb lajel {bv`b

`bjgf`aebp* Fp{f`vnl$pf l{fjlp |vf {befsàb nfxls l vdl dlabs aj`aeíj`al ef `lj`sbp f ef

dvuléöfp jbp bsiljapdbp*

Lppad. b lsdl}fjldfjub ebp sfpäevbp sleabl`uaxbp ufd ef {bppvas b dlabs jäxfn ef

pfivsljél {bppäxfn. ef dbeb l lppfivsls |vf jvj`l glxfsì `bjuldajléàb eb dfab ldcafjuf* B

|vf ad{na`l |vf bp sf`a{afjufp pfsàb jf`fpplsaldfjuf ̀ lsbp*

Bp sfpäevbp sleabl`uaxbp {befd pfs eaxaeaebp fd ebap

ua{bp. |vljub lb usluldfjub |vf ufsàb ef pbhsfs=

$ ef clawl slealéàb. |vljeb l pvl slealéàb á clawl f

uíd ufd{bp ef xael sfnluaxldfjuf {f|vfjbp?

$ ef lnul slealéàb. |vljeb {sbev}fd fnfxlebp jäxfap

ef sleabl`uaxaelef f"bv uíd ufd{b ef xael dvaub nbjibp* 

Haivsl <<= Sfpäevbp ef clawl slealéàb*

Haivsl <;= Sfpäevbp ef clawl slealéàb*

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¡ @b{qsaigu Dlsapl Dangljb 3;<< $ FJFSIAL JV@NFLS $

¡ @b{qsaigu Dlsapl Dangljb 3;<< <3 ~ 

[ ì i a j l  

Bp sfpäevbp ef clawl slealéàb {befd

pfs lsdl}fjlebp fd lufssbp {sðwadbp el

pv{fshä`af. efpef |vf fj`fsslebp fd

`bjufjubsfp fpulj|vfp f sfpapufjufp ë

`bssbpàb. {bap. jb dìwadb. efjusb ef <;;

ljbp efawlsàb ef pfs {fsaibpbp {lsl b dfab

ldcafjuf* 

Bp sfpäevbp ef lnul slealéàb. ifslebp evsljuf b

{sb`fppb ef happàb. sf|vfsfd vd usluldfjub eapuajub.

elel jàb pð l pvl lnul sleabl`uaxaelef. dlp uldcád b

hl`ub ef l dfpdl lajel pf dljufs fnfxlel {bs

danglsfp ef ljbp* [lsl fpuf ua{b ef sfpäevbp. pàb

jf`fppìsabp lufssbp dvaub lclawb jl cabphfsl. nbjif ef

l|vähfsbp f `bd{nfuldfjuf fpulj|vfp fd sfnléàb lb

dfab ifbnðia`b fjxbnxfjuf*  

Lp fpuléöfp `bnf`ubslp luá libsl `bjpusväelp {lsl sfpäevbp ef lnul slealéàb hbsld ubelp

`bjpusväelp l {sbhvjeaelefp ef xìsalp `fjufjlp ef dfusbp f `bd b `vaeleb ef fp`bngfs

`ldlelp ifbnðia`lp dlap bv dfjbp fpulj|vfp 'jbsdlndfjuf ef isljaub!* Pàb `fjuslap |vf uíd

isljefp fj`lsibp jl pvl `bj`f{éàb f `bd l pvl `bjpusvéàb. {bap uíd ef ilsljuas |vf b papufdl

`bjuajvl l pfs fpulj|vf {bs ef}fjlp ef danglsfp ef ljbp. jvdl lnuvsl fd |vf l jbppl fp{á`af

 mì ufsì paeb fwuajub bv ufsì fxbnväeb {lsl vdl dlap lxljélel*

Bvusb {fsaib jàb dfjbp ad{bsuljuf á b ef fw{nbpàb* Jàbgì sl}öfp uá`ja`lp {lsl l fwapuíj`al efpuf {fsaib. {bap gbmf fd

eal bp df`ljapdbp ef `bjusbnb pàb l|vanb |vf ef dlap

lxljéleb fwapuf lb jäxfn el uf`jbnbial ajpusvdfjuln ef

`bjusbnb* Jb fjuljub. jbp eaxfspbp l`aefjufp fwapufjufp luá

gbmf dbpusld$jbp |vf bp dfpdbp l`bjuf`fsld efxaeb l hlnglp

jbp papufdlp ef pfivsljél {bs ajxfpuadfjub ajpvha`afjuf jbp

df`ljapdbp ef ̀ bjusbnb*

Haivsl <3= Lufssb ef sfpäevbp ef clawl slealéàb jb Ufwlp.

FVL*

Haivsl <0= Fp|vfdl evd `bjufjubs ef

`bjhajldfjub ef sfpäevbp sleabl`uaxbp*

Haivsl <5= [bsdfjbs evd sfl`ubs jv`nfls*

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¡ @b{qsaigu Dlsapl Dangljb 3;<< $ FJFSIAL JV@NFLS $

¡ @b{qsaigu Dlsapl Dangljb 3;<< <0 ~ 

[ ì i a j l  

Ef hl`ub. b {fsaib ef dfeaelp ledajapusluaxlp ef `bjufjéàb ef efp{fplp l |vln|vfs jäxfn

`bjpuauva b dlabs sap`b {lsl l pfivsljél ef vdl `fjusln jv`nfls. pfjeb uldcád fpuf b dlabs

sap`b |vljeb pf {fjpl jbp {fsaibp ef lsdl}fjldfjub ajefxaeb ef sfpäevbp jv`nflsfp* Vdl

`fjusln jv`nfls jàb {bef. fd `lpb lnivd. pbhsfs `bsufp ledajapusluaxbp jb pfv hvj`abjldfjub.

{bap bp {fsaibp |vf elä lexíd {befd pbhsfs$pf jàb l{fjlp nb`lndfjuf. dlp uldcád ë fp`bnl

inbcln*

[lsl dajada}ls b sap`b ef l`aefjuf. pàb vplebp jbsdlndfjuf usíp jäxfap ef pfivsljél=

$ B {sð{sab sfl`ubs. {lsl lnád ef ubebp bp df`ljapdbp ef lvubdléàb f `bjusbnb. á

hlcsa`leb `bd {lsfefp isbpplp ef dlufsaln sfhsl`uìsab |vf ad{fef l {lpplifd ef slealéàb

{lsl b fwufsabs*

$ L {sð{sal `fjusln. |vf á aivlndfjuf `bjpusväel `bd {lsfefp cnajelelp ef dlufsaln

sfhsl`uìsab*

$ F `bdb ýnuadb jäxfn ef pfivsljél. lp `fjuslap jv`nflsfp pàb uldcád `bjpusväelp fd

sfiaöfp dvaub eapuljufp ef linbdfslebp {b{vnl`abjlap. ef dbeb l ilsljuas |vf. jb `lpb ef

hvil ef slealéàb. bp sap`bp {lsl bp pfsfp gvdljbp pàb bp dfjbsfp {bppäxfap*

@bd ubelp fpulp dfeaelp. b sfiapub gapuðsa`b eb ad{l`ub ldcafjuln f eb jýdfsb ef

dbsubp f hfsaebp fd l`aefjufp jv`nflsfp `axap eì vdl isljef xljulifd l fpul hbjuf ef fjfsial.

{bs `bd{lsléàb `bd b `lsxàb. bjef ubebp bp ljbp gì `fjufjlp ef xäuadlp jl l`uaxaelef

dajfasl? `bd b {fusðnfb f b iìp jluvsln. bjef bp sfcfjuldfjubp ef  {a{f$najfp. lp fw{nbpöfp ef

sfhajlsalp f bp efssldfp ef jlxabp pàb sfnluaxldfjuf hsf|vfjufp? bv dfpdb jl

gaesbfnf`usa`aelef. fd |vf lp sv{uvslp ef clsslifjp {befd pfs dvaub efpusvuaxlp*

L fw`f{éàb `gldl$pf @gfsjbcan. vdl `luìpusbhf fd

<178 |vf sfpvnubv ef vdl hlngl gvdljl f el `bjhaljél`fil jl uf`jbnbial {fnbp pbxaáua`bp* @bjuveb. jàb gì

eýxael ef |vf l ajeýpusal jv`nfls l{sfjefv adfjpb `bd bp

fssbp ef @gfsjbcan. b |vf nfxbv l vd isljef ajxfpuadfjub

jl ajxfpuailéàb f efpfjxbnxadfjub elp `fjuslap. |vf uíd

lvdfjuleb `bjuajvldfjuf l pvl pfivsljél f eb

usljp{bsuf ef dlufsalap sleabl`uaxbp* 

Haivsl <6= Efpusvaéàb ef @gfsjbcan*

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¡ @b{qsaigu Dlsapl Dangljb 3;<< $ FJFSIAL JV@NFLS $

¡ @b{qsaigu Dlsapl Dangljb 3;<< <5 ~ 

[ ì i a j l  

[bs had. b `bjpvdb ef ìivl ef vdl `fjusln jv`nfls `bjea`abjl hbsufdfjuf l pvl

`bjpusvéàb f dljvufjéàb* L `bjpusvéàb ef vdl clsslifd {bef `bjusacvas {lsl l pbnvéàb eb

{sbcnfdl. `bdb l`bjuf`f jl `fjusln fp{ljgbnl ef Lndlsl}. mvjub eb sab Ufmb* Dlp lislxl

bcxaldfjuf bp `vpubp eb ajxfpuadfjub* Bvusl lnufsjluaxl {lsl `bjubsjls lp nadauléöfp jb

hbsjf`adfjub ef ìivl á b sf`vspb l ubssfp ef sfhsaifsléàb 'papufdl ef `as`vaub hf`gleb!. dlp

fpulp lvdfjuld bp `vpubp eb {sbmf`ub f b fhfaub ef fpuvhl nb`ln. {sbxb`leb {fnl fdappàb ef

isljefp |vljuaelefp ef xl{bs ef ìivl {lsl l ludbphfsl. á `bjpaefsìxfn* 

Fjusfuljub. l `bssael ëp lsdlp luðda`lp iljgbv vd jbxb hõnfib `bd lp ldcaéöfp ef

{läpfp {bnaua`ldfjuf dlap ajpuìxfap f ad{sfxapäxfap. `bdb b Asàb bv l @bsfal eb Jbsuf* B vpb eb

{nvuðjab ebp sfpäevbp {fsaibpbp. fd xf} eb vsãjab fjsa|vf`aeb. jbp sfl`ubsfp dlap lxljélebp

ef gbmf fd eal. ufd l xljulifd ef {fsdauas l sfvuana}léàb ef `bdcvpuäxfap. dlp b {nvuðjab

pfsxf {lsl hlcsa`ls lsdlp jv`nflsfp. b |vf {bef `sals jbxbp {sbcnfdlp ef pfivsljél* 

Haivsl <8= @fjusln Jv`nfls ef Lndlsl}. Fp{ljgl*

Haivsl <9= Sfpvnuleb evdl cbdcl jv`nfls*

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¡ @b{qsaigu Dlsapl Dangljb 3;<< $ FJFSIAL JV@NFLS $

¡ @b{qsaigu Dlsapl Dangljb 3;<< <6 ~ 

[ ì i a j l  

XLJULIFJP EFPXLJULIFJP

$ L fjfsial jv`nfls á l hbjuf dlap `bj`fjuslel

ef ifsléàb ef fjfsial `bjgf`ael. {bap vd{f|vfjb {feléb ef vsãjab {bef lclpuf`fs

vdl `aelef ajufasl*

$ Lp fnfxlelp ufd{fsluvslp el ìivl vuana}lel

jb l|vf`adfjub {befd `lvpls {bnvaéàbuásda`l vdl xf} |vf fpul á nljélel jbp sabp f

jlp sacfaslp. efpusvajeb lppad f`bppapufdlp f

ajufshfsajeb ̀ bd b f|vanäcsab efpulp dfpdlp*

$ Á vd `bdcvpuäxfn dvaub dlap clslub eb |vf

bvusbp. `bdb á b `lpb eb {fusðnfb*

$ B sap`b ef l`aefjuf. xapub |vf |vln|vfs hlngl

gvdljl. bv uá`ja`l {befsì `lvpls vdl

xfselefasl ̀ luìpusbhf*

$ @bd{lsluaxldfjuf `bd b {fusðnfb. b vsãjab

á vd sf`vspb ef dvaub dfjbs `vpub*

$ Bp sfpäevbp {sbev}aebp fdaufd

sleabl`uaxaelef evsljuf dvaubp ljbp*

$ L fjfsial jv`nfls jàb `lvpl {slua`ldfjufjfjgvd fhfaub ef fpuvhl bv {sbev} `gvxlp

ì`aelp*

$ Jf`fppaelef ef lsdl}fjls bp sfpäevbp fdnb`lap apbnlebp f {sbufiaebp*

$ [fsdauf sfev}as b eáha`f ̀ bdfs`aln* $ Eaha`vnelefp jb lsdl}fjldfjub ebp

sfpäevbp. {saj`a{lndfjuf fd |vfpuöfp ef

nb`lna}léàb f pfivsljél*

$ [fsdauf lvdfjuls l `bd{fuauaxaelef* $ Fnfxleb `vpub el hvjeléàb f dljvufjéàb

elp ̀ fjuslap*

$ Á `bjpaefslxfndfjuf vdl hbjuf ef fjfsial

pfivsl. xapub ufsfd l`bjuf`aeb {bv`bpl`aefjufp dbsulap*

Á vdl fjfsial jàb sfjbxìxfn*

$ Á hì`an ef usljp{bsuls. {bap b vsãjab b`v{l

{bv`b fp{léb*

$ [bef pfs vuana}lel {lsl ha} cána`bp. `bdb á b

`lpb el `bjpusvéàb ef lsdlp jv`nflsfp*

$ @lvpl {bv`b ad{l`ub pbcsf l cabphfsl* $ Jf`fppaelef ef apbnls l `fjusln. l{ðp b pfv

fj`fssldfjub*

Ulcfnl <= @bd{lsléàb fjusf lp {saj`a{lap xljulifjp f efpxljulifjp el Fjfsial Jv`nfls*

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¡ @b{qsaigu Dlsapl Dangljb 3;<< $ FJFSIAL JV@NFLS $

¡ @b{qsaigu Dlsapl Dangljb 3;<< <8 ~ 

[ ì i a j l  

@FJUSLAP JV@NFLSFP XFSPVP @FJUSLAP UFSDBFNÁ@USA@LP

Vdl elp isljefp efpxljulifjp el vuana}léàb elp `fjuslap jv`nflsfp `bdb pbnvéàb

fjfsiáua`l á b `vpub el ajpulnléàb el `fjusln f ef ubelp lp ajhsl$fpusvuvslp ef lsdl}fjldfjub

ef sfpäevbp jf`fppìsalp* Jb fjuljub. f `bjpaefsljeb l{fjlp l sfpbnvéàb eb {sbcnfdl

fjfsiáua`b. lp `fjuslap jv`nflsfp {befd lmvels l sfpbnxfs l |vfpuàb eb efpl{lsf`adfjub ebp

`bdcvpuäxfap hðppfap*

L ulcfnl pfivajuf l{sfpfjul$pf. ef hbsdl pv`ajul. lnivjp elebp `bd{lsluaxbp ef {sðp f

`bjuslp |vljuaha`ìxfap lppb`alebp ëp `fjuslap jv`nflsfp. `bd{lsluaxldfjuf `bd lp `fjuslap

ufsdbfná`usa`lp |vf vpld ̀ bdcvpuäxfap hðppfap*

@bdcvpuäxfn @lsxàb Hvfnðnfb Jv`nfls

@bjpvdb dáeab {bsoy*gbsl

07;i 30;i 5.<3 di ef Vsãjab

@bjpvdb ljvln 3.6 dangöfp ef

ubjfnlelp

<.63 dangöfp ef

ubjfnlelp

39.3 ubjfnlelp

Usljp{bsuf ljvln 88 `lsivfasbp ef

06 ;;; ubjfnlelp bv

30 ;;; xliöfp ef<;; ubjfnlelp

6 {fusbnfasbp ef

0;; ;;; ubjfnlelp /

bnfbevubp

0 bv 5 `ldaöfp

@B3. dangöfp efubjfnlelp

9.7 5.9 ]fsb

PB3. ubjfnlelp 01 7;; 1< ;;; ]fsb

JB3. ubjfnlelp 1 56; 8 5;; ]fsb

@aj}lp ef hanusbp.ubjfnlelp

8 ;;; < 86; ]fsb

Fp`ðsalp. ubjfnlelp 81 ;;; Efp{sf}ìxfap ]fsb

@aj}lp xbnìufap.ubjfnlelp

099 ;;; ]fsb ]fsb

Slealéàb= ilpfp.@vsaf"ljb

;.;3 ‐ 8 ;.;;< <.76

Slealéàb= nä|vaeb.@vsaf"ljb

]fsb ]fsb ;.<

Sfpäevbp pðnaebp 'ua{bef slealéàb!

Efp{sf}ìxfn ]fsb <0.6 d0 'lnul!

510 d0 'clawl!

HBJUF= Jv`nfbjbs

Ulcfnl 3= @bd{lsléàb ef `bjpvdbp f {sbevéàb ef sfpäevbp {lsl `fjuslap ef <;;;DY*

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¡ @b{qsaigu Dlsapl Dangljb 3;<< $ FJFSIAL JV@NFLS $

¡ @b{qsaigu Dlsapl Dangljb 3;<< <9 ~ 

[ ì i a j l  

@bdb pf {bef xfsaha`ls. l isljef xljulifd el vuana}léàb elp `fjuslap jv`nflsfp {sfjef$pf

`bd b hl`ub efpulp jàb fdauasfd {slua`ldfjuf jfjgvdl |vljuaelef ef @B 3. l|vljeb eb pfv

hvj`abjldfjub. b |vf `bjusacva {lsl l eadajvaéàb elp fdappöfp ef ilpfp sfp{bjpìxfap {fnb

lvdfjub eb fhfaub ef fpuvhl f {fnlp `gvxlp ì`aelp*

@nlsb |vf jàb {befd pfs fp|vf`aelp lp fdappöfp ef

ilpfp jbp {sb`fppbp ef fwusl`éàb. usljp{bsuf f

fjsa|vf`adfjub eb vsãjab |vf lnadfjul lp `fjuslap

jv`nflsfp. jl pvl `bjpusvéàb f efpdljufnldfjub. f lajel

jb usluldfjub hajln ebp sfpäevbp* Dfpdb lppad. b

clnljéb hajln. {bs `bd{lsléàb `bd lp `fjuslap |vf

vuana}ld hbjufp ef fjfsial hðppan 'hvfn. iìp jluvsln f

`lsxàb!. á dvaub dlap hlxbsìxfn ë vuana}léàb el fjfsial

jv`nfls*

@bjuveb. l pvl dlabs efpxljulifd pàb bp sfpäevbp sleabl`uaxbp |vf pàb {sbev}aebp f |vf

sf|vfsfd `bjeaéöfp fp{f`alap ef lsdl}fjldfjub* Lp uf`jbnbialp sfnl`abjlelp `bd b

usluldfjub efpufp sfpäevbp uíd fxbnväeb f bp ajxfpuadfjubp jfpul ìsfl uldcád. dlp lajel

jàb hba fj`bjuslel jfjgvdl pbnvéàb efhajauaxl f lcpbnvuldfjuf pfivsl*

B {saj`a{ln {sbcnfdl á |vf vdl {lsuf efpufp sfpäevbp 'bp sfpäevbp ef lnul slealéàb!

nacfsul `lnbs f slealéàb evsljuf danglsfp ef ljbp. jf`fppauljeb ef dbjaubsa}léàb f

lssfhf`adfjub {fsdljfjufp. b |vf `bjpuauva vdl {fplel gfsljél {lsl lp ifsléöfp hvuvslp* Á

xfselef |vf fpufp pàb {sbev}aebp fd dvaub dfjbs |vljuaelef |vf bp elp `fjuslap uásda`lp

`bjxfj`abjlap. f `bjusbnlebp ef vdl hbsdl jàb `bd{lsìxfn l |vln|vfs bvusb sfpäevb

ajevpusaln* Dlp pàb. ef nbjif. dvaub dlap nfulap. f bp pfvp fhfaubp evsld dlap ufd{b*

Haivsl <7= Usljp{bsuf ef

dlufsalap sleabl`uaxbp*

Haivsl <1= Sfl`ubs Jv`nfls. @gfsjbcan*

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¡ @b{qsaigu Dlsapl Dangljb 3;<< $ FJFSIAL JV@NFLS $

¡ @b{qsaigu Dlsapl Dangljb 3;<< <7 ~ 

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 L[NA@LÉÖFP EL FJFSIAL JV@NFLS

L `lel eal. jbxlp uá`ja`lp jv`nflsfp pàb efpfjxbnxaelp jbp eaxfspbp `ld{bp el l`uaxaelef

gvdljl. {bppacanauljeb l fwf`véàb ef ulsfhlp ad{bppäxfap ef pfsfd sflna}lelp {fnbp dfabp

`bjxfj`abjlap* [lsl lnád eb hl`ub |vf pf sfxfpuf el dlabs ad{bsuãj`al el fjfsial jv`nfls.

{befs ifsls fjfsial fná`usa`l luslxáp ebp sfl`ubsfp jv`nflsfp ef {buíj`al. l Dfea`ajl. l

Ajeýpusal. {saj`a{lndfjuf l Hlsdl`ívua`l. f l Lisa`vnuvsl pàb lp ìsflp dlap cfjfha`alelp `bd l

vuana}léàb el fjfsial jv`nfls*

Bp apðub{bp sleabl`uaxbp bv sleabapðub{bp. efxaeb ë {sb{safelef ef fdauasfd slealéöfp.

uíd xìsabp vpbp* Lp slealéöfp {befd luá luslxfppls l dluásal bv pfsfd lcpbsxaelp {bs fnl. b

|vf {bppacanaul dýnua{nlp l{na`léöfp*

Dfea`ajl

Vdl hfssldfjul ad{bsuljuf jb usluldfjub f ealijðpua`b ef ebfjélp pàb bp

sleabhìsdl`bp* Fpufp pàb pvcpuãj`alp |väda`lp 'hìsdl`bp! |vf pàb lppb`alebp l sleabapðub{bp

{sbev}aebp fd sfl`ubsfp jv`nflsfp bv fd l`fnfslebsfp ef {lsuä`vnlp*

Jl dfea`ajl jv`nfls. bp sleabhìsdl`bp pàb ajmf`ulebp jb {l`afjuf. `bj`fjusljeb$pf jb

nb`ln l pfs fwldajleb f fdauajeb slealéàb. |vf. {bs pvl xf}. á efuf`ulel jb fwufsabs eb `bs{b

{bs vd efuf`ubs l{sb{saleb. |vf {bef usljphbsdls fppl ajhbsdléàb fd adlifjp. {fsdauajeb

lb dáea`b bcpfsxls b hvj`abjldfjub el|vfnfp ðsiàbp* Bp sleabhìsdl`bp pàb vuana}lebp jb

ealijðpua`b ef eaxfsplp {lubnbialp*

Haivsl 3;= Sleabhìsdl`bp {sbev}aebp {fnl @JFJ* Fjusf {lsíjufpfp fj`bjusl$pf b jbdf eb sleabapðub{b fd `lel hìsdl`b*

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¡ @b{qsaigu Dlsapl Dangljb 3;<< $ FJFSIAL JV@NFLS $

¡ @b{qsaigu Dlsapl Dangljb 3;<< <1 ~ 

[ ì i a j l  

Vdl uá`ja`l jbxl f ad{bsuljuf jl dfea`ajl jv`nfls á l [FU 'painl. fd ajiníp. {lsl

ubdbislhal {bs fdappàb ef {bpausöfp f fnf`usöfp!. |vf vuana}l sleabapðub{bp ef dfal$xael dvaub

`vsul f |vf uíd `bdb `lsl`ufsäpua`l b ef`ladfjub `bd l nacfsuléàb ef {bpausöfp* Fpul uá`ja`l á

`bjpaefslel {bs dvaubp fp{f`alnapulp l dfngbs f dlap {sf`apl hbsdl ef sleabealijðpua`b {bs

adlifd eap{bjäxfn gbmf fd eal* Fppfp sleabapðub{bp pàb {sbev}aebp fd l`fnfslebsfp ef

{lsuä`vnlp fp{f`äha`bp. bp `a`nbusöfp. pfjeb b {saj`a{ln {sbevub b Hnýbs$<7*

Lp slealéöfp jv`nflsfp pàb vuana}lelp

uldcád fd eaxfsplp ufsl{alp. {saj`a{lndfjuf jb

usluldfjub ef `lj`sb* Jfppf `lpb. lp `ánvnlp

`lj`fsbplp pàb asslealelp. l had ef lp fnadajls f

ad{feas l pvl dvnua{na`léàb* Vdl elp hbsdlp ef

l{na`léàb el slealéàb `bjpapuf fd pf `bnb`ls vdl

hbjuf fwufsjl lb {l`afjuf. l vdl `fsul eapuãj`al

eb uvdbs l pfs usluleb 'sleabufsl{al!*

Jl dlabsal elp xf}fp. vpl$pf vdl hbjuf ef `bclnub$8; jfppf usluldfjub* Gbmf fd eal fpuf

{sb`fppb ufd xajeb l pfs pvcpuauväeb {bs l`fnfslebsfp najflsfp. |vf {sbev}fd hfawfp ef

fnf`usöfp |vf. lb aj`aeas jvd efufsdajleb lnxb. ifsld hbuöfp. |vf ajufslifd `bd b uf`aeb bv

ðsiàb*

Bvusb vpb el slealéàb fd dfea`ajl á l asslealéàb ef pljivf `bd slabp ildl* Fppf

dáubeb á vpleb jb pljivf l pfs ledajapusleb fd {l`afjufp |vf uíd efha`aíj`al advjbnðia`l*

Fpuf usluldfjub `bd l slealéàb eadajva l |vljuaelef ef najhð`aubp U '`ánvnlp ef efhfpl! jb

pljivf. b |vf sfev} fd dvaub jb {l`afjuf b sap`b ef sfmfaéàb ef vd ðsiàb bv uf`aebusljp{nljuleb

Ajeýpusal

Lp uf`jbnbialp jv`nflsfp jlp ajeýpusalp pàb {saj`a{lndfjuf vplelp jl |vlnaelef ef

{sb`fppbp ef eaxfspbp pf`ubsfp ajevpusalap*

Haivsl 3<= Sleabufsl{al*

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¡ @b{qsaigu Dlsapl Dangljb 3;<< 3; ~ 

[ ì i a j l  

Lp hbjufp dlap vuana}lelp pàb b `bclnub$8;. b asäeab$<13. b `ápab$<09 f b ldfsä`ab$35<* L

hl`anaelef ef {fjfusléàb el slealéàb fd eaxfspbp dlufsalap. cfd `bdb l xlsaléàb ef pvl

lufjvléàb `bd l efjpaelef eb dfab |vf luslxfppl. ubsjld b pfv vpb `bjxfjafjuf fd

dfeaebsfp ef jäxfn. fp{fppvsl f gvdaelef*

Jl ajeýpusal eb {l{fn. fpufp dfeaebsfp pàb

vuana}lebp {lsl ilsljuas |vf ubelp lp hbnglp ufjgld

l dfpdl fp{fppvsl*

Jl ajeýpusal ef cfcaelp. l slealéàb á vplel {lsl `bjusbnb ef fj`gadfjub ef xlpangldfp*

Bvusb vpb ad{bsuljuf elp slealéöfp jv`nflsfp fpuì jl l{na`léàb ef uslélebsfp

sleabl`uaxbp* Jfppf dáubeb. vdl pvcpuãj`al `bd dlufsaln sleabl`uaxb á ajmf`ulel jvd dfab. f

l`bd{ljgl$pf b pfv `bd{bsuldfjub jbp {sb`fppbp |vf pf efpfml bcpfsxls* Uslélebsfp

sleabl`uaxbp uldcád uíd paeb `lel xf} dlap vuana}lebp {lsl efuf`uls {sbcnfdlp ef xl}ldfjubp

f dlv hvj`abjldfjub fd isljefp {nljulp el ajeýpusal |väda`l. {fsdauajeb f`bjbdal ef

ufd{b f ef eajgfasb*

Jl fw{nbsléàb ef {fusðnfb. hbjufp ef jfvusöfp pàb vuana}lelp

fd {sb`fppbp {lsl efufsdajls b {fshan eb pbnb f bvuslp {befd

lvwanals l eapuajivas l |vljuaelef ef ìivl. iìp f ðnfb fwapufjufp jb

dlufsaln fwusläeb. hl`anauljeb f f`bjbda}ljeb b {sb`fppb ef

fw{nbsléàb*

@lel xf} dlap vuana}lebp gbmf fd eal pàb lajel bp asslealebsfp ajevpusalap. |vf pàb

ajpulnléöfp `bd `bd{lsuadfjubp bjef b dlufsaln l pfs usluleb á fw{bpub ë slealéàb. ef hbsdl

l fpufsana}ì$nb. fnadajljeb cl`uásalp f xäsvp* Fwapufd jb dvjeb gbmf `fs`l ef <8; asslealebsfp

ajevpusalap l hvj`abjls. fwapuajeb vd jl Vjaelef ef Uf`jbnbialp ef Slealéàb eb Ajpuauvub

Uf`jbnðia`b Jv`nfls. fd Napcbl* B `bclnub$8; á b dlufsaln dlap vuana}leb `bdb hbjuf ef

slealéàb* L fw{bpaéàb ë slealéàb ildl jàb `bjuldajl bp dlufsalap asslealebp jfd bp

usljphbsdl fd dlufsalap sleabl`uaxbp* [bsuljub. lb `fppls b {sb`fppb. jàb fwapuf dlap slealéàb

jbp dlufsalap*

Haivsl 33= Hlcsa`b ef {l{fn*

Haivsl 30= Fw{nbsléàb ef {fusðnfb*

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¡ @b{qsaigu Dlsapl Dangljb 3;<< $ FJFSIAL JV@NFLS $

¡ @b{qsaigu Dlsapl Dangljb 3;<< 3< ~ 

[ ì i a j l  

Lnivjp fwfd{nbp ef dlufsalap fpufsana}lebp pàb= dlufsalap `asýsia`bp. sfdáeabp. lnadfjubp.

dlufsalap ef xlnbs gapuðsa`b. fu`*

 Lisa`vnuvsl

Jl Lisa`vnuvsl. lp uf`jbnbialp jv`nflsfp pàb clpuljuf vuana}lelp lb jäxfn el asslealéàb

{lsl {sfpfsxléàb ef lnadfjubp. lppad `bdb uldcád {lsl fpuvebp ef pbnb f {nljulp. luslxáp el

vuana}léàb ef uslélebsfp sleabl`uaxbp*

Bvusl l{na`léàb jl lisbajeýpusal á b vpb el

uá`ja`l ef ‗dl`gb fpuásan‑ {lsl b `bdcluf l {slilp jlp

`vnuvslp* Jfpul uá`ja`l. pàb {sbev}aebp dl`gbp

fpufsana}lebp el {slil l pfs `bdcluael f |vf ef{bap pàb

nljélebp jl sfiaàb ajhfpulel. eadajvajeb l {b{vnléàb.

lb lhf`uls l pvl `l{l`aelef ef sf{sbevéàb* Fppf

{sb`fppb á vpleb {bs {läpfp `bdb Fpulebp Vjaebp.

Dáwa`b. Ivlufdlnl f Lsifjuajl jb `bdcluf ë dbp`l el

hsvul*

Haivsl 37= Dbp`l el hsvul*

Haivsl 35. 36. 38 f 39= Fwfd{nbp ef dlufsalap asslealebp*

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¡ @b{qsaigu Dlsapl Dangljb 3;<< 33 ~ 

[ ì i a j l  

FJFSIAL JV@NFLS FD [BSUVILN2

Fd [bsuviln. l`uvlndfjuf. jàb pf {sbev} fjfsial jv`nfls. jfd {bppvädbp {sbmf`ubp

ibxfsjldfjulap {lsl |vf [bsuviln aja`af l pvl {sbevéàb l `vsub {sl}b '`bjpvnuls Ljfwb L ‐ @fjuslap

Jv`nflsfp jb Dvjeb!* Á `fsub |vf l pbnvéàb jv`nfls pfsal ajufsfppljuf pf pf b{uls {bs aja`als vd

{sbisldl {sð{sab ef dajfsléàb ef vsãjab. xapub |vf {bppvädbp sfpfsxlp `bjpaefsìxfap*

B {sféb eb ðwaeb ef vsãjab 'V0B7! usa{na`bv efpef 3;;; 'ljb fd |vf luajiav b xlnbs dlap

clawb fd evlp eá`lelp!*

Jb ajä`ab ef 3;<;. lp `buléöfp `gfilsld lbp 88.58₮"oi. b

|vf |vfs ea}fs |vf pð fd ðwaeb ef vsãjab. l ml}ael ef Japl 'jb

Eapusaub ef [bsulnfisf! xlnf dlap ef 50 dangöfp ef fvsbp. ml}ael

fppl |vf vdl fd{sfpl Lvpuslnaljl 'Acfsalj Sfpbvs`fp! fpuì

ajufsfpplel fd fw{nbsls? b fpuleb [bsuvivíp {sf{lsl$pf {lsl

ea}fs jàb l fppl {sb{bpul {bs dbuaxbp ldcafjulap*

Fpul dajl '|vf f|vaxlnf l `fs`l ef 8;& eb

{bufj`aln eb Lnub Lnfjufmb! ufd b dlabs ml}aib

ajfw{nbsleb lnivdl xf} efp`bcfsub fd ufssauðsab

jl`abjln. fpuljeb b pfv {bufj`aln fpuadleb fd |vlpf

8.0 dangöfp ef ubjfnlelp ef dajásab jàb pvmfaub l

|vln|vfs usluldfjub. 98; dan ubjfnlelp ef dajásab

pf`b f `fs`l ef 86; ubjfnlelp ef ðwaeb ef vsãjab*

Jl adlifd ë fp|vfsel fpuàb sf{sfpfjulelp lpsfiaöfp {bsuvivfplp bjef fwapuf vsãjab. dluásal${sadl

hvjeldfjuln {lsl l bcufjéàb ef fjfsial jv`nfls* [fnl

bcpfsxléàb eb dl{l `bj`nva$pf |vf b Lnfjufmb á l

}bjl eb {läp bjef fpuf dajásab {sfebdajl*

Haivsl 31= Ml}ael ef Vsãjab

fd Japl. [bsulnfisf*

Haivsl 0;= Eapusacvaéàb ef Vsãjab fd [bsuviln*

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¡ @b{qsaigu Dlsapl Dangljb 3;<< $ FJFSIAL JV@NFLS $

¡ @b{qsaigu Dlsapl Dangljb 3;<< 30 ~ 

[ ì i a j l  

XLJULIFJP EFPXLJULIFJP

@vpubp ef dljvufjéàb fefpdljufnldfjub

fnfxlebp

Jf`fppaelef efajxfpuadfjub f`bjðda`b

fnfxleb

Hlnul ef fp{f`alnapulp

Ajfwapuíj`al ef lvubsaelefna`fj`alebsl

Fw{bsuléàb ef fjfsial

Lvdfjub el`bd{fuauaxaelef

f`bjðda`l

@vd{sadfjub eb[sbub`bnb ef \vabub

Eadajvaéàb ebp `vpubpfjfsiáua`bp

 

Vdl `fjusln jv`nfls elsal vdl sl}bìxfn `bjusacvaéàb {lsl {sbev}as fjfsial fná`usa`l fd

[bsuviln= `fs`l ef <9;;DY. 0.96& el {sbevéàb jl`abjln ef fjfsial fná`usa`l fd 3;<8 pf b

`bjpvdb hajln ef fnf`usa`aelef luajias bp 36& jl {sðwadl eá`lel* Fpul {sbevéàb jàb fdauf @B3 

f lmvelsal [bsuviln l `vd{sas b [sbub`bnb ef \vabub. fdcbsl l dful ef 3;<3 mì {lsfél

ajln`ljéìxfn. efxaeb lb ufd{b ef ̀ bjpusvéàb eb'p! sfl`ubs'fp! jv`nflsfp*

Haivsl 0<= Fjxbnxfjuf eb dfs`leb fjfsiáua`b

{bsuvivíp f {bppäxfap pbnvéöfp*

Haivsl 03= Ealisldl `bd lnivdlp xljulifjp f

efpxljulifjp fp{f`äha`lp ë ad{nfdfjuléàb el

Fjfsial Jv`nfls fd [bsuviln*

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¡ @b{qsaigu Dlsapl Dangljb 3;<< $ FJFSIAL JV@NFLS $

¡ @b{qsaigu Dlsapl Dangljb 3;<< 35 ~ 

[ ì i a j l  

B jv`nfls ufd {sbxb`leb jb jbppb {läp eap`vppöfp {ýcna`lp. bjef l fdbéàb pf pbcsf{öf

dvaulp xf}fp ë sl}àb* Bp {sbcnfdlp fjfsiáua`bp pàb usljpxfsplap l ubel l pb`afelef.

ajhnvfj`aljeb {sbhvjeldfjuf b jbppb dbeb ef xael* Lp ef`apöfp |vf hbsfd ubdlelp xàb

lhf`uls lp ifsléöfp hvuvslp*

L {b{vnléàb jàb fpuì. jl isljef dlabsal. efjusb eb lppvjub* Vdl b{ajaàb {ýcna`l

fp`nlsf`ael f l`uaxl á vd {anls hvjeldfjuln el efdb`sl`al* [lsl bp |vf uljub ajxb`ld l

Hajnãjeal `bdb dbefnb. efxf pfs nfdcsleb |vf lp {b{vnléöfp nb`lap uaxfsld pfd{sf 'f

dljuíd! b easfaub ef xbub* [bs vd däjadb ef pfsafelef {bnäua`l. b Ibxfsjb jàb {bef. pfd

`bjxaj`fjufp fw{na`léöfp. ef`aeas pb}ajgb*

Bp `aeleàbp {sf`apld ef ufs l`fppb l fpul ajhbsdléàb f hl}fs vdl lxlnaléàb pásal. ufjeb

`bjgf`adfjub ebp lsivdfjubp uá`ja`bp f f`bjðda`bp ef vdl hbsdl `nlsl f bcmf`uaxl. `bdfp{äsaub lcfsub l ubelp lp pbnvéöfp*

Jàb gì gbmf eýxaelp ef |vf l fjfsial f b ldcafjuf xàb fpuls jb `fjusb eb jbxb dbefnb

ef efpfjxbnxadfjub |vf [bsuviln {sf`apl ad{nfdfjuls. {lsl ln`ljéls lp f`bjbdalp lxljélelp

el Vjaàb Fvsb{fal*

Haivsl 00= @lsubbj lnvpaxb lb lppvjub el Fjfsial Jv`nfls fd [bsuviln*

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¡ @b{qsaigu Dlsapl Dangljb 3;<< $ FJFSIAL JV@NFLS $

¡ @b{qsaigu Dlsapl Dangljb 3;<< 36 ~ 

[ ì i a j l  

@BJ@NVPÀB

L Fjfsial Jv`nfls á. pfd eýxael. l fjfsial eb hvuvsb. vdl xf} |vf pàb `lel xf} dlap bp{sbmf`ubp efpfjxbnxaebp {fnbp {läpfp ef hbsdl l l{bpuls jfpul fjfsial. f bp |vf mì {sbev}fd

l{bpuld `lel xf} dlap jfpul hbsdl ef fjfsial sfjuìxfn 'xfs Ljfwb L ‐ @fjuslap Jv`nflsfp jb Dvjeb!* 

Á vdl fjfsial `bd ajýdfslp xljulifjp. uljub l jäxfn fjfsiáua`b. `bdb ldcafjuln f

f`bjðda`b* Dlp. pf {bs vd nleb á l pbnvéàb {lsl l `sapf fjfsiáua`l eb {nljful. lajel gì dvaulp

efpxljulifjp |vf {sf`apld ef pfs dajada}lelp f ̀ bjusbnlelp*

Bp lxljébp jl uf`jbnbial elp `fjuslap jv`nflsfp ef happàb uíd$jlp ubsjleb `lel xf} dlap

pfivslp. uln `bdb l ajpusvdfjuléàb ef `bjusbnb* @lel eal |vf {lppl l uf`jbnbial jv`nfls fpuì

`lel xf} dlap ebdajlel*

Pf `bd lp `fjuslap ef fjfsial jv`nfls ef happàb mì pf `bjpfivf {sbev}as vdl |vbul${lsuf

el fjfsial dvjealn. `bd lp `fjuslap ef fjfsial jv`nfls ef hvpàb |vf fpuàb pfs efpfjxbnxaelp.

pàb ajýdfslp l {bppacanaelefp fjfsiáua`lp |vf fpuf ef fjfsial {befsì xas l els* @bdcvpuäxfap

hbppfap. dlap {bnvaebsfp |vf l fjfsial jv`nfls. `bdb b {fusðnfb {befsàb {fsefs ufssfjb islélp

l fpul ajbxlebsl uf`jbnbial*

@bjuveb. vd ebp isljefp sf`fabp l jäxfn dvjealn. á |vf l Fjfsial Jv`nfls pfml vuana}lel

{lsl hajp cána`bp. `bdb fd Gasbpgadl. `lvpljeb lppad eljbp assfxfspäxfap jb {nljful. bv fjuàb

|vf pfml vuana}lel jfiluaxldfjuf jvdl ivfssl jv`nfls l jäxfn dvjealn*

Jl jbppl b{ajaàb l Fjfsial Jv`nfls {befsì pfs vdl {bppacanaelef l {õs fd vpb. dlp b

{läp |vf b ha}fs. ufd ef fpuls eap{bpub l `lssfils vd {fpleb hlseb fd `lpb ef l`aefjuf. uln

`bdb l {b{vnléàb efppf {läp. `lpb l{sbxf l pvl vuana}léàb* Jb fjuljub jàb gì eýxael |vf l

fjfsial jv`nfls á b `ldajgb l pfivas*

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¡ @b{qsaigu Dlsapl Dangljb 3;<< $ FJFSIAL JV@NFLS $

¡ @b{qsaigu Dlsapl Dangljb 3;<< 38 ~ 

[ ì i a j l  

CACNABISLHAL

@BPUL. Lnfwljesf. HFSSFASL. Ljl Dlsilsael. @BPUL. Ljl Dlsal. „\väda`l <3½Ljb ‐  

xbnvdf 3—. [nìuljb Feaubsl. 3ªfeaéàb. Libpub ef 3;;1* 

APCJ= 197$193$99;$898$<

[ìiajlp= <61 l <87*

SBESAIVFP. Mbsif Jlp`adfjub. L]FXFEB. Xasiänab. „Jv`nfls $ B Efcluf pbcsf b jbxb

dbefnb fjfsiáua`b fd [bsuviln —. @fjusb Lunãjua`b. @bnf`éàb Efplhabp. <ª feaéàb. Jbxfdcsb ef

3;;8*APCJ= 171$8<6$;05$8

[ìiajlp= 11 l <05 f 350 l 395*

YFCISLHAL

CABEAFPFN CS. „Fjfsial Jv`nfls —. Cabeafpfn Cs. guu{=""yyy*cabeafpfncs*`bd"fjfsial"jv`nfls"fjfsial$

jv`nfls*gud

CABEAFPFN CS. „  L{na`léöfp el Fjfsial Jv`nfls= Ajeýpusal—. Cabeafpfn Cs.

guu{=""yyy*cabeafpfncs*`bd"fjfsial"jv`nfls"fjfsial$jv`nfls$ajevpusal*gud 

CABEAFPFN CS. „  L{na`léàb el Fjfsial Jv`nfls= Jl plýef—. Cabeafpfn Cs.

guu{=""yyy*cabeafpfncs*`bd"fjfsial"jv`nfls"fjfsial$jv`nfls$plvef*gud

@LSEBPB. Fnaf}fs ef Dbvsl. „ L{na`léöfp el Fjfsial Jv`nfls —. @JFJ. guu{=""yyy*`jfj*ibx*cs"fjpajb"

l{bpuanlp"l{na`l*{eh 

@BNL EL YFC. „Fjfsial Jv`nfls 3—. @bnl el Yfc. guu{=""yyy*`bnlelyfc*`bd"|vada`l"|vada`l$

jv`nfls"fjfsial$jv`nfls$3

FJFSIAL F LDCAFJUF. „ Fjfsial Jv`nfls  ‐  xljulifjp f efpxljulifjp—. Fjfsial f Ldcafjuf.

guu{="fjfsial fldcafjuf*ybse{sfpp*`bd"3;;7";3";<"fjfsial$jv`nfls$xljulifjp$f$efpxljulifjp"

ISLJMFASB. @lsnbp. FVPUÌ\VAB. Mbàb. „[bsuviln f b Jv`nfls —. guu{=""jv`nfls*`bd*pl{b*{u"

ajefwRha`gfasbp"[lif31<;*gud

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¡ @b{qsaigu Dlsapl Dangljb 3;<< $ FJFSIAL JV@NFLS $

¡ @b{qsaigu Dlsapl Dangljb 3;<< 39 ~ 

[ ì i a j l  

ASE. „\vlap pàb lp {saj`a{lap l{na`léöfp el fjfsial jv`nfls2 —. ASE ‐ Ajpuauvub ef Sleab{sbuf`éàb f

Ebpadfusal. guu{=""yyy*ase*ibx*cs"ajefw*{g{2b{uabj4`bdR`bjufju(xafy4lsua`nf(ae433(`luae49(

Aufdae431. 

AUFS. „Ugf ylq bh jfy fjfsiq —. AUFS . guu{=""yyy*aufs*bsi"

DBJUFASB. Mbljl. E‑ÌXB. Ljesfal. „Fjfsial Jv`nfls —. Jbul[bpauaxl. guu{=""yyy*jbul{bpauaxl*

`bd"uslcR fpuveljufp"uslcRfpuveljufp"ifbislhal"<;fjfsialjv`nfls*gud

YAOA[ÁEAL. „Fjfsial Jv`nfls —. Yaoa{áeal  ‐ L fj`a`nb{áeal naxsf. guu{=""{u*yaoa{feal*bsi"yaoa"

FjfsialRjv`nfls

YAOA[ÁEAL. „Gasbpgadl—. Yaoa{áeal ‐ L fj`a`nb{áeal naxsf. guu{=""fj*yaoa{feal*bsi"yaoa"Gasbpgadl

YAOA[ÁEAL. „Apbub{f—. Yaoa{áeal ‐

L fj`a`nb{áeal naxsf. guu{=""fj*yaoa{feal*bsi"yaoa"Apbub{f

YAOA[ÁEAL. „Jlilplo a—. Yaoa{áeal ‐ L fj`a`nb{áeal naxsf. guu{=""fj*yaoa{feal*bsi"yaoa"Jlilploa

YAOA[ÁEAL. „Jv`nfls [byfs —. Yaoa{áeal  ‐ L fj`a`nb{áeal naxsf. guu{=""fj*yaoa{feal*bsi

"yaoa"Jv`nflsRfjf siq

YAOA[ÁEAL. „[nlpdl—. Yaoa{áeal ‐ L fj`a`nb{áeal naxsf. guu{=""{u*yaoa{feal*bsi"yaoa"[nlpdl 

JBUL= Ubebp bp paufp fj`bjusld$pf b{fsl`abjlap jl elul ef fjusfil eb uslclngb*

Haivsl < $ guu{=""yyy*`opajhb*`bd"`na{lsu"p`afj`f"{gqpa`p"fjfsiq"jv`nfls"jv`nfls$sfl`ubs*{ji

Haivsl 3 $ guu{=""xapvln*dfssald$yfcpufs*`bd"adlifp"p`afj`f"`gfdapusq"dluufs"jv`nfls$happabj*m{i

Haivsl 0 $ guu{=""{a`uvsfp*eflenq`bd{vufs*`bd"e"0018<$<"{ys*iah 

Haivsl 5 $ guu{=""yyy5*jlv*fev"dfufbsauf"Dfufbsauf"Adlifp"@gfsfjobx*m{i

Haivsl 6 $ guu{=""mlddau*`bd*lv"y{$`bjufju"v{nblep"3;;7";<"uboldloRnlsif*m{i

Haivsl 8 $ guu{=""yyy*nlj`p*l`*vo"vi"gvpplajy"hvpabj*m{i

Haivsl 9 $ guu{=""yyy*{gqpa`p*bw*l`*vo"{{"adlifp"[nlpdClnn*m{i

Haivsl 7 $ guu{=""ufssfpl`sff*bsi"adlifp"AUFS5*m{i

Haivsl 1 $guu{=""csbypf*efxaljulsu*`bd"2|g4(pf`uabj4(|4Fjfsiq/[nlju/Efudlsbxa`f/@]#" e<w`wgc

Haivsl <; $ guu{=""ldl`febhangb*cnbip{bu*`bd"3;<;"<;"b$sfjlp`adfjub$el$fjfsial$jv`nfls*gudn

Haivsl << $ guu{=""ovujfyp*bsi"{bpu"ufwlp$`bjpaefs$l``f{uaji$nby$nfxfn$sleabl`uaxf$ylpuf$l`sbpp$vp

Haivsl <3 $guu{=""yyy*cfnnbjl*bsi"fjinapgRad{bsuRlsfl"ajufsjluabjln"svppal"jlxq"jbsugfsjR

hnffu"ef`bddappabjaji"38;;1

Haivsl <0 $ guu{=""yyy*fpdfslneljxjvof*`bd"qv``l*gudn

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¡ @b{qsaigu Dlsapl Dangljb 3;<< $ FJFSIAL JV@NFLS $

¡ @b{qsaigu Dlsapl Dangljb 3;<< 37 ~ 

[ ì i a j l  

Haivsl <5 $ guu{=""csbypf*efxaljulsu*`bd"{gbubisl{gq"2|4jv`nflsSfl`ubs(bsefs41(bhhpfu4

93#"e<0ns;y

Haivsl <6 $ guu{=""csbypf*efxaljulsu*`bd"{gbubisl{gq"2|4jv`nflsSfl`ubs(bsefs41(bhhpfu4

57#"e<w`8<lHaivsl <8$ guu{=""yyy*fhfxfsef*`bd"fpn"`bjufjaebp"dfealuf`l"hbubp"3;$fjfsb$3;<<$<1$55$;;$`fjusln$

jv`nfls$lndlsl}

Haivsl <9 $ guu{=""yyy*fn{vfcnbpbcfsljb*jfu"3;<;";7"bcmfuaxb$aslj${sf{lsljeb$nl$aaa$ivfssl$dvjealn$

a"

Haivsl <7 $ guu{=""yyy*`pdbjaubs*`bd"Fjxasbjdfju"3;<;";7;1"Inbcln$ylsdaji$gflup$v{$l$jv`nfls$

fjfsiq$sfjlapplj`f

Haivsl <1 $ guu{=""csbypf*efxaljulsu*`bd"{gbubisl{gq"2|4jv`nflsSfl`ubs(bsefs41(bhhpfu435#

"e3<y0g9

Haivsl 3; $ guu{=""yyy*cabeafpfncs*`bd"a"fjfsial"jv`nfls"sleabhlsdl`b$sleabapbub{b*m{i

Haivsl 3< $ guu{=""lnnxauln{bajup*`bd"y{$`bjufju"v{nblep"3;<;";9"sleabugfsl{q<*m{i

Haivsl 33 $ guu{=""yyy*pbnxlq`gnbsajlufeajbsilja`p*`bd"eb`sbbu"`gnbRajbsi"pulua`Rhanfp"adlifp"{l{fs

 RsbnnR<*m{i

Haivsl 30 $ guu{=""5*c{*cnbip{bu*`bd"RIceCsF`fXI5"UPSaU$`yXAA"LLLLLLLLCpF"$QUeGf5Cnj`"p<8;;

"ban$sai<*m{i

Haivsl 35 $ guu{=""fw`fnnfj`q$pfsxa`f*`bd"nbml"adlifp"`lcbpcapuvsa*m{i

Haivsl 36 $ guu{=""napuxfspf*hanfp*ybse{sfpp*`bd"3;<;";5"dfea`ajf*m{i

Haivsl 38 $ guu{=""adi*{la*{u"dqpauf"dfeal"583;3"l30ehe99$908<$5`hl$c<3e$feele3hf;<7lRCLJJFS

*m{i

Haivsl 39 $ guu{=""yyy*clulnglbpvf}*`bd*cs"GAPUBSAL&3;Fiaub&3;f&3;b&3;hlslb&3;$&3;dvdal*

 m{i

Haivsl 37 $ guu{=""hlsd0*pulua`*hna`os*`bd"3673"0197<806<7R8h9`5hlflf*m{i

Haivsl 31 $ guu{=""{bsulnfisf*cnb`b*bsi"ajefw*{g{2b{uabj4`bdR`bjufju(ulpo4xafy(ae463(Aufdae4<

Haivsl 0; $ guu{=""yyy*jbul{bpauaxl*`bd"uslcRfpuveljufp"uslcRfpuveljufp"ifbislhal"<;

fjfsialjv`nfls*gud

Haivsl 00 $ guu{=""mbchbsgvdcfsub*cnbip{bu*`bd"

Haivsl 05 $ guu{=""uvsdlelhapplb*cnbip{bu*`bd"3;<;R;8R;<Rls`gaxf*gudn

Haivsl 06 $ guu{=""cnbip*hsfpgdajep*`b*vo"sfpfls`g"2{4888 

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¡ @b{qsaigu Dlsapl Dangljb 3;<< $ FJFSIAL JV@NFLS $

¡ @b{qsaigu Dlsapl Dangljb 3;<< 31 ~ 

[ ì i a j l  

 LJFWB L $ @FJUSLAP JV@NFLSFP JB DVJEB

HBJUF= Ybsne Jv`nfls Lppb`aluabj 'yyy*ybsne$jv`nfls*bsi!. Pfufdcsb ef 3;;8*

Ulcfnl 0= Sfl`ubsfp l`uvlndfjuf fd b{fsléàb*

Pfivjeb l Ybsne Jv`nfls Lppb`aluabj. gì 553 sfl`ubsfp fd b{fsléàb '3;;8!. pfjeb l

Vjaàb Fvsb{fal '`bd 00&! f bp Fpulebp Vjaebp '`bd 30&! bp ebap fp{lébp dlap jv`nflsa}lebp* L

ufs`fasl {buíj`al á b Ml{àb '`bd <3&!*

Sfl`ubsfp fd B{fsléàb

Ubuln Dvjealn= 553Vjaàb Fvsb{fal ‐ <59

 

Fvsìpal

Hsljél ‐ 61 Ml{àb ‐ 66

Sfajb Vjaeb ‐ 30 Sýppal ‐ 0<

Lnfdljgl ‐ 7 @bsfal eb Pvn ‐ 3;

Ldása`l Äjeal ‐ <8

Fpulebp Vjaebp ‐ <;0 @gajl ‐ <;

@ljleì ‐ <7 V`sãjal ‐ <6

Sfl`ubsfp HvuvsbpUbuln fd `bjpusvéàb f {nljflebp= 1;

Fd `bjpusvéàb= 37

 

[nljflebp -= 83

Äjeal ‐ 9 @gajl ‐ <0

@gajl ‐ 6 Ml{àb ‐ <<

Sýppal ‐ 0 Sýppal ‐ 7

Asàb ‐ < @bsfal eb Pvn ‐ 9

Jl Fvsb{l= Äjeal ‐ 5

 

Vjaàb Fvsb{fal= < 'Hajnãjeal! Asàb ‐ 3

Sbdájal= < @bsfal eb Jbsuf ‐ <

Jl Fvsb{l=

Cvniìsal ‐ 3

 

V`sãjal ‐ 3

Hsljél ‐ <

Jbul '-!= [nljflebp paijaha`l l{sbxlebp f `bd hajlj`aldfjub bv fjuàb fd `bjpusvéàb lxljélel dlp pvp{fjpbp

{bs sl}öfp {bnäua`lp*

Ulcfnl 5= Sfl`ubsfp Hvuvsbp $ HBJUF= Ybsne Jv`nfls Lppb`aluabj 'yyy*ybsne$jv`nfls*bsi!. Pfufdcsb ef 3;;8*

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¡ @b{qsaigu Dlsapl Dangljb 3;<< $ FJFSIAL JV@NFLS $

¡ @b{qsaigu Dlsapl Dangljb 3;<< 0; ~ [ ì i a j l  

B dlabs fphbséb jl `bjpusvéàb fd `vspb f ef

sfl`ubsfp {nljflebp fj`bjusl$pf jl Fvsìpal. `bd l

@gajl l b`v{ls <5& f b Ml{àb. l Sýppal f l Äjeal

<3& `lel vd* L{fpls efpuf fphbséb lpaìua`b. b{lesàb ef eapusacvaéàb ifbisìha`l {fnlp isljefp

{buíj`alp jàb pf lnufslsì pvcpulj`alndfjuf*Haivsl 05= Sfl`ubsfp Jv`nflsfp*

Haivsl 06= Fp|vfdl ef Fvsb{l. ajea`ljeb |vlap bp {läpfp bjef asì lvdfjuls b vpb el Fjfsial

Jv`nfls. bjef b pfv vpb asì fpulcana}ls. f bjef l pvl vuana}léàb xla `bjuajvls pfd fhfaub*

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¡ @b{qsaigu Dlsapl Dangljb 3;<< $ FJFSIAL JV@NFLS $

¡ @b{qsaigu Dlsapl Dangljb 3;<< 0< ~ [ ì i a j l  

 LJFWB C $ IFBISLHAL EL DLUÁSAL$[SADL

Ebap {läpfp efpfjxbnxaebp f efdb`sìua`bp ‐ b @ljleì f l Lvpusìnal ‐ efuíd dlap ef 6;& el

{sbevéàb ef vsãjab f dlap ef <"0 elp sfpfsxlp `bjgf`aelp f fw{nbsìxfap* Jb fjuljub. dlap ef

<"0 el {sbevéàb l`uvln el dluásal${sadl f `fs`l ef 0;& elp sfpfsxlp `bjgf`aelp f fw{nbsìxfap

pauvld$pf fd sfiaöfp fvsb$lpaìua`lp f lhsa`ljlp |vf luslxfppld bv {befsàb luslxfppls {fsäbebp

ef ajpulcanaelef {bnäua`l*

[saj`a{lap {sbevubsfp ef Vsãjab

@ljleì ‐ 31&

Lvpusìnal ‐ 30&

@l}l|vapuàb ‐ <;&

Sýppal ‐ 7&

Jaiásal ‐ 7&

Jldäcal ‐ 7&

HBJUF= Ybsne Jv`nfls Lppb`aluabj. elebp {lsl 3;;6*

Ulcfnl 6= [saj`a{lap {sbevubsfp ef vsãjab*

[saj`a{lap efufjubsfp ef sfpfsxlp ef Vsãjab

Lvpusìnal ‐ 35&

@l}l|vapuàb ‐ <9&

@ljleì ‐ 1&

Fpulebp Vjaebp ‐ 9&

Ìhsa`l eb Pvn ‐ 9&

Jldäcal ‐ 8&

Cslpan ‐ 8&

Jaiásal ‐ 6&

HBJUF= Sfe Cbbo. B@EF"JFL"ALFL. elebp {lsl 3;;6*

Ulcfnl 8= [saj`a{lap efufjubsfp ef sfpfsxlp ef Vsãjab*

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¡ @b{qsaigu Dlsapl Dangljb 3;<< $ FJFSIAL JV@NFLS $

¡ @b{qsaigu Dlsapl Dangljb 3;<< 03 ~ [ ì i a j l  

 LJFWB @ $ IFBISLHAL EL [SBEVÉÀB EF FNF@USA@AELEF EF

BSAIFD JV@NFLS

'& el fnf`usa`aelef ifslel fd `lel {läp f jýdfsbp ef {fs`fjulifjp ef sfl`ubsfp fd

hvj`abjldfjub. 3;;6!

Bp 553 sfl`ubsfp fd l`uaxaelef hbsjf`fd l{fjlp <8& el fnf`usa`aelef dvjealn* Lp dlabsfp

{fs`fjulifjp ef vpb el fjfsial fnf`usbjv`nfls `fjusld$pf jl Fvsb{l. `bd <5 {läpfp l`adl ebp

0;& el ifsléàb ef fnf`usa`aelef* L{fjlp vd {läp lpaìua`b  ‐ l @bsfal eb Pvn  ‐ vnusl{lppl l

clssfasl ebp 0;&* @bd fw`f{éàb el Hsljél f el Lnfdljgl. l{fjlp {f|vfjbp {läpfp el Fvsb{l

'Vjaàb Fvsb{fal f Fvsb{l ef Nfpuf! b{ulsld {bs vd jäxfn ef ifsléàb ef fjfsial fnf`usbjv`nfls

pv{fsabs l 0;&*

Ubuln dvjealn= <8&. 553 sfl`ubsfp

Hsljél= 91& $ 61 sfl`ubsfp Fp{ljgl= 3;& $ 7 sfl`ubsfp

Nauvãjal= 9;& $ < sfl`ubs Ulaylj= 3;& $ 8 sfl`ubsfp

Cánia`l= 68& $ 9 sfl`ubsfp Sfajb Vjaeb= 3;& $ 30 sfl`ubsfp

Fpnbxì|val= 68& $ 8 sfl`ubsfp FVL= <1& $ <;0 sfl`ubsfp

V`sãjal= 51& $ <6 sfl`ubsfp Sýppal= <8& $ 0< sfl`ubsfp

@bsfal eb Pvn= 56& $ 3; sfl`ubsfp @ljleì= <6& $ <7 sfl`ubsfp

Pvá`al= 56& $ <; sfl`ubsfp Sbdájal= 7.8& $ < sfl`ubs

Cvniìsal= 55& $ 5 sfl`ubsfp Lsifjuajl= 8.1& $ 3 sfl`ubsfp

Lsdájal= 50& $ < sfl`ubs Ìhsa`l eb Pvn= 6.6& $ 3 sfl`ubsfp

Fpnbxájal= 53& $ < sfl`ubs Dáwa`b= 6& $ 3 sfl`ubsfpGvjisal= 09& $ 5 sfl`ubsfp Gbnljel= 0.1& $ < sfl`ubs

Hajnãjeal= 00& $ 5 sfl`ubsfp Äjeal= 3.7& $ <8 sfl`ubsfp

Pväél= 03& $ 6 sfl`ubsfp [l|vapuàb= 3.7& $ 3 sfl`ubsfp

Lnfdljgl= 0<& $ <9 sfl`ubsfp Cslpan= 3.6& $ 3 sfl`ubsfp

Sf{ýcna`l @gf`l= 0<& $ 8 sfl`ubsfp @gajl= 3& $ <; sfl`ubsfp

Ml{àb= 31& $ 66 sfl`ubsfp

HBJUF= Ybsne Jv`nfls Lppb`aluabj. Pfufdcsb ef 3;;8*

Ulcfnl 9 $ & el fnf`usa`aelef ifslel fd `lel {läp f jýdfsbp ef {fs`fjulifjp

ef sfl`ubsfp fd hvj`abjldfjub. 3;;6