Laboratórios de Pesquisa em Refrigeração e TermofísicaResearch Laboratories for Emerging Technologies in Cooling and Thermophysics

A NTU-Based Model to Estimate SuctionSuperheating in Scroll Compressors

Marco C. DINIZ and Cesar J. DESCHAMPSFederal University of Santa Catarina

22nd International Compressor Engineering Conference

International Compressor Engineering Conference 2014

Summary

1. Introduction/Motivation

2. Compression process model

3. Thermal model

4. Results

5. Conclusions

International Compressor Engineering Conference 2014

Scroll compressors

• Compression process:- Performed by two identical scrolls;- Occurs from outer to central region;- Continuous;- Few moving parts;

• Important characteristics:- Low noise and vibration;- High efficiency and reliability;- Easy modulation of capacity;

International Compressor Engineering Conference 2014

Heat transfer inefficiencies

• Loss of performance:- Suction superheating;- Compression chamber

superheating;

• Reliability:- Discharge temperature;

TSUC > TIN

International Compressor Engineering Conference 2014

Objectives

Develop a model to predict suction superheating in scrollcompressors:

- Couple to a compression process model;

Evaluate its versatility:- Test the model in two compressor with different refrigerants;

International Compressor Engineering Conference 2014

Compression process model

• Developed by Pereira (2012);

• Main characteristics:- Calculation of geometric parameters;- Transient lumped conservation

equations;- Leakage and heat transfer correlations

were developed;- Requires a certain number of cycles to

achieve convergence;

• Interaction with thermal model- Receives Tsuc;- Returns mass flux, heat transfer and

indicated power;

Tsuc

International Compressor Engineering Conference 2014

Thermal model

• Existing thermal models:- Usually experimentally calibrated;- Only applicable to specific compressors and operating conditions;- Cannot be used as project tools;

• This work proposes:- Simplified thermal model;- No experimental calibration;- Based on Winandy et al. (2002) model;

• Winandy et al. (2002):- Sequence of steps to represent the phenomena inside the compressor;- Employs an isothermal fictitious surface;- Uses experimental data for calibration;- Was successfully used and improved by other authors (Cuevas et al., 2009

and Duprez et al., 2010);

International Compressor Engineering Conference 2014

Thermal model: simplification

M ot or M ot or

m cpin

m cpsuc

m cpout

m cpdis

m cpsuc

Qsuc

Qsuc

Qsuc

Qsuc

QdisEx t ernal A m bient

C om pression cham ber

D ischarge plenum

Oil

Shell

Suct ionplenum

Suct ion plenum

Suct ionplenum

Suct ionplenum

Qchm

Qam b

Qchm

Qsuc

Suction Environment

Compression Chamber

Discharge Environment

Qdis

ṁcpin ṁcpsuc

Tw

ṁcpdis ṁcpout

Tw

Tw

Qamb

Qeml

(Thermal Model) (Thermal Model)(Compression cycle model)

Real geometry

Simplified flow approach

International Compressor Engineering Conference 2014

Thermal model: equations

Qchm

Qsuc

Suction Environment

Compression Chamber

Discharge Environment

Qdis

ṁcpin ṁcpsuc

Tw

ṁcpdis ṁcpout

Tw

Tw

Qamb

Qeml

(Thermal Model) (Thermal Model)(Compression cycle model)

International Compressor Engineering Conference 2014

Thermal model: equations

Qchm

Qsuc

Suction Environment

Compression Chamber

Discharge Environment

Qdis

ṁcpin ṁcpsuc

Tw

ṁcpdis ṁcpout

Tw

Tw

Qamb

Qeml

(Thermal Model) (Thermal Model)(Compression cycle model)

International Compressor Engineering Conference 2014

Thermal model: equations

Qchm

Qsuc

Suction Environment

Compression Chamber

Discharge Environment

Qdis

ṁcpin ṁcpsuc

Tw

ṁcpdis ṁcpout

Tw

Tw

Qamb

Qeml

(Thermal Model) (Thermal Model)(Compression cycle model)

From compression processmodel

International Compressor Engineering Conference 2014

Thermal model: equations

Qchm

Qsuc

Suction Environment

Compression Chamber

Discharge Environment

Qdis

ṁcpin ṁcpsuc

Tw

ṁcpdis ṁcpout

Tw

Tw

Qamb

Qeml

(Thermal Model) (Thermal Model)(Compression cycle model)

International Compressor Engineering Conference 2014

Thermal model: equations

Qchm

Qsuc

Suction Environment

Compression Chamber

Discharge Environment

Qdis

ṁcpin ṁcpsuc

Tw

ṁcpdis ṁcpout

Tw

Tw

Qamb

Qeml

(Thermal Model) (Thermal Model)(Compression cycle model)

International Compressor Engineering Conference 2014

Thermal model: equations

Qchm

Qsuc

Suction Environment

Compression Chamber

Discharge Environment

Qdis

ṁcpin ṁcpsuc

Tw

ṁcpdis ṁcpout

Tw

Tw

Qamb

Qeml

(Thermal Model) (Thermal Model)(Compression cycle model)

International Compressor Engineering Conference 2014

Thermal model: equations

Qchm

Qsuc

Suction Environment

Compression Chamber

Discharge Environment

Qdis

ṁcpin ṁcpsuc

Tw

ṁcpdis ṁcpout

Tw

Tw

Qamb

Qeml

(Thermal Model) (Thermal Model)(Compression cycle model)

International Compressor Engineering Conference 2014

Thermal model: equations

Qchm

Qsuc

Suction Environment

Compression Chamber

Discharge Environment

Qdis

ṁcpin ṁcpsuc

Tw

ṁcpdis ṁcpout

Tw

Tw

Qamb

Qeml

(Thermal Model) (Thermal Model)(Compression cycle model)

International Compressor Engineering Conference 2014

Thermal model: equations

Qchm

Qsuc

Suction Environment

Compression Chamber

Discharge Environment

Qdis

ṁcpin ṁcpsuc

Tw

ṁcpdis ṁcpout

Tw

Tw

Qamb

Qeml

(Thermal Model) (Thermal Model)(Compression cycle model)

International Compressor Engineering Conference 2014

Thermal model: equations

Qchm

Qsuc

Suction Environment

Compression Chamber

Discharge Environment

Qdis

ṁcpin ṁcpsuc

Tw

ṁcpdis ṁcpout

Tw

Tw

Qamb

Qeml

(Thermal Model) (Thermal Model)(Compression cycle model)

International Compressor Engineering Conference 2014

Thermal model: chart

International Compressor Engineering Conference 2014

Thermal model: chart

International Compressor Engineering Conference 2014

Thermal model: chart

International Compressor Engineering Conference 2014

Thermal model: chart

International Compressor Engineering Conference 2014

Thermal model: chart

International Compressor Engineering Conference 2014

Complete model solution

International Compressor Engineering Conference 2014

Results: compressors A and B

Compressor A

Compressor B

International Compressor Engineering Conference 2014

Results: compressors A and B

Compressor A

Compressor B

International Compressor Engineering Conference 2014

hsuc hdis

• When hsuc increases, suction temperature also increases.

• hdis influences more thesuction temperature;

Tsu

c[o C

]

1/8 1/4 1/2 1 2 4 820

25

30

35

40

45

50

55

60

AHRI-AAHRI-GAHRI-D

10000 rpm

Tsu

c[o C

]1/8 1/4 1/2 1 2 4 8

30

35

40

45

50

55

60

65

70

AHRI-AAHRI-GAHRI-D

10000 rpm

Results: hsuc and hdis variation

International Compressor Engineering Conference 2014

Results: operating conditions variation

• Suction temperature increase with pressure ratio is more noticed at lower evaporation temperatures and lower speeds;

Tc [oC]

Tsu

c[o C

]

25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 6530

35

40

45

50

55

6000 rpm8000 rpm10000 rpm

Te = -1.1 oC

Tc [oC]

Tsu

c[o C

]

25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 6530

35

40

45

50

55

6000 rpm8000 rpm10000 rpm

Te = 7.2 oC

International Compressor Engineering Conference 2014

Conclusions

• Coupled solution:- Allows a comprehensive simulation of compressor performance;- Simple thermal model;- No experimental calibration;

• Two different compressors;- Good estimation for suction temperature;- Not so good estimation for outlet temperature;- More heat transfer coefficients should be tested;

• Sensitivity analysis:- Physically consistent behavior;- Allows the estimation of efficiencies;

International Compressor Engineering Conference 2014

Acknowledgements

The present investigation is part of a cooperation agreement between the Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC) and EMBRACO.

Support from the Brazilian Funding Agencies FINEP and CAPES is also appreciated.

Slide 31 de 51Conclusões

Laboratórios de Pesquisa em Refrigeração e TermofísicaResearch Laboratories for Emerging Technologies in Cooling and Thermophysics

Cláudio Melo melo@polo.ufsc.br

Federal University of Santa CatarinaDepartment of Mechanical Engineering

88040-900 – Florianópolis – SC - Brazil phone +55 (48) 3234.2691 fax +55 (48) 3234.5166

http://www.polo.ufsc.br

Laboratórios de Pesquisa em Refrigeração e TermofísicaResearch Laboratories for Emerging Technologies in Cooling and Thermophysics

marcodiniz@polo.ufsc.br

Thank you!