Post on 07-Apr-2018
8/3/2019 Fernando Del Rio 8 Feb
1/19
INTERNATIONAL TRADEAND THE EUROPEAN
DIMENSION
04/29/12 Fernando Del Rio Perez
8/3/2019 Fernando Del Rio 8 Feb
2/19
BALANCE OF PAYMENTS IN UK
(*millions)
http://www.statistics.gov.
uk04/29/12 Fernando Del Rio Perez
8/3/2019 Fernando Del Rio 8 Feb
3/19
VALUE OF TRADE BETWEEN THE UKAND THE REST OF THE WORLD
04/29/12 Fernando Del Rio Perez
8/3/2019 Fernando Del Rio 8 Feb
4/19
BRIC COUNTRIES.ECONOMY GROWTH RATES
The term BRIC is a short form of Brazil, Russia, India &China. These countries look set to become the dominanteconomies by 2050
GDP Growth Rate 2010
http://www.tradingeconomics.com/
04/29/12 Fernando Del Rio Perez
8/3/2019 Fernando Del Rio 8 Feb
5/19
UK-BRIM COUNTRIES TRADE
BRASIL
Trade between Brazil and UK now stands at $5 billion, and increase of nearly 24 per
cent since 2006
RUSSIA
Since 2001 UK-Russia trade has been growing by an average of 21% y-o-y.
Russia is the UKs 16th largest export market
INDIA
India presents a massively lucrative market for all UK.
UK has exported near 4 billion of goods and services to India from 2005.
CHINA
China is THE great economic success story of the past 30 years. . Whether selling,
trading, investing or franchising, China offers opportunities in abundance to UK
companies, large or small.
04/29/12 Fernando Del Rio Perez
8/3/2019 Fernando Del Rio 8 Feb
6/19
PROTECTIONISM
The advocacy, system, or theory of protecting domestic producers by
impeding or limiting, the importation of foreign goods and services
Reason of protectionism
Protects UK businesses from extra competition Helps new UK businesses to develop before they face competition
Helps protect UK jobs
Prevents foreign countries dumping lots of cheap imports into the UK
Prevents imports of harmful or desirable goods
Methods of protectionism
TariffsQuotasExchange controlsTechnical barriersPhysical barriers
04/29/12 Fernando Del Rio Perez
8/3/2019 Fernando Del Rio 8 Feb
7/19
WORLD TRADE ORGANISATION
The World Trade Organisation (WTO) was set up in 1995 and
succeeded the general Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT).
The aim of the WTO is to help trade flow smoothly, freely, fairly
and predictably. It:
a.Administrates trade agreements
b.Implementation and monitoring
c.Dispute settlement
d.Building trade capacity
e.Outreach
04/29/12 Fernando Del Rio Perez
8/3/2019 Fernando Del Rio 8 Feb
8/19
GLOBALIZATION
Globalization is the system of interaction among the countries
of the world in order to develop the global economy.
Globalization refers to the integration of economics and
societies all over the world
04/29/12 Fernando Del Rio Perez
8/3/2019 Fernando Del Rio 8 Feb
9/19
EFFECTS OF GLOBALIZATION
Benefits
Steady increase in the demand for commodities
Trade in good and services
Lower inflation.
Increase travelling(commerce and pleasure).
Free movement of big amount of capital.
Labour specialized from the other countries
Sept up factories in different countries with cheaper labour.
Technological advancement
There is supranational recognition of intellectual property restrictions
Problems
Unemployment,
Social degeneration
Difficulty of competition
04/29/12 Fernando Del Rio Perez
8/3/2019 Fernando Del Rio 8 Feb
10/19
THE KYOTO PROTOCOL AND RIOEARTH SUMMIT
Rio earth summit
Conference held in Rio de Janeiro (June 314, 1992) to reconcile
worldwide economic development with environmental protection. It was
the largest gathering of world leaders in history, with 117 heads of stateand representatives of 178 countries.
The Kyoto Protocol is an international agreement setting targets for
industrialised countries to cut their greenhouse gas emissions. These gases
are considered at least partly responsible for global warming - the rise in
global temperature which may have catastrophic consequences for life on
Earth. The protocol was agreed in 1997, based on principles set out in a
framework convention signed in 1992.
04/29/12 Fernando Del Rio Perez
8/3/2019 Fernando Del Rio 8 Feb
11/19
THE KYOTO PROTOCOL AND RIOEARTH SUMMIT
Problems
The U.S., largest producer of greenhouse gases, producing 20% of the
worlds total is not part of it.
Big producers of greenhouse gases can buy credits so they dont have tothemselves reduce emissions
China, is under NO OBLIGATION to reduce its emissions under the
protocol.
Overall results are mixed. Some nations are meeting the goals and others are
failingThe carbon production limits are the causes of problems in developed
nations.(penalties, offset trading)
utilizing "alternative" electricity sources(more expensive)
04/29/12 Fernando Del Rio Perez
8/3/2019 Fernando Del Rio 8 Feb
12/19
THE KYOTO PROTOCOL AND RIOEARTH SUMMIT
Benefits
The reduction of smoke stack and exhaust fumes that cause the green house
effect
First step in getting many nations to agree to decrease their greenhouse gasemissions
Provides the essential architecture for any future international agreement on
climate change.
Kyoto protocol and its legally binding status
Additional mechanism to meet the targetEmissions trading
Clean Development Mechanism (CDM),
Joint implementation
04/29/12 Fernando Del Rio Perez
8/3/2019 Fernando Del Rio 8 Feb
13/19
EU POLICIESFISHING AND AGRICULTURE
The Common Fisheries Policy (CFP) is the fisheries policy of the
European Union. It sets quotas for which member states states are allowed
to catch what amounts of each type of fish, as well as encouraging the
fishing industry by various market interventions.
Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) is a system of European Union
agricultural subsidies which represents about 50%-70% of the EU's
spending. These subsidies work by guaranteeing a minimum price to
producers, which provides some economic certainty for EU farmers, thus
ensuring the production of a certain quantity of agricultural goods.
04/29/12 Fernando Del Rio Perez
8/3/2019 Fernando Del Rio 8 Feb
14/19
COMMON FISHERIES POLICY (CFP).IMPACT IN UK
CPT drives up food prices in UK
Destroys jobs in the fishing industry and in fishing communities
Devastated UK fish stocks(cod)and resulted in a huge bill for the
UK economy through administrative costs and lost business.
The ecological impact has been extreme
Britain provides three quarters of the EUs fishing stocks, but EU
quotas leave us only one eighth of the value of the catch.
04/29/12 Fernando Del Rio Perez
8/3/2019 Fernando Del Rio 8 Feb
15/19
COMMON FISHERIES POLICY (CFP).BENEFITS IN UK
The conservation of stocks/environmental impact
Structures and fleet management (such as vessels, port facilities
and fish processing plants).
The organisation of the market for fish in the EU
Strengthening the competitiveness and the viability of operatorsin the sector.
The improvement of scientific and technical advice
04/29/12 Fernando Del Rio Perez
8/3/2019 Fernando Del Rio 8 Feb
16/19
COMMON AGRICULTURAL POLICY(CAP)IMPACT IN UK
CAP drives up food prices in UK.
The EU pays farmers to 'set aside.
Lack of food(rapidly-increasing population).
EU Puts their poor farmers out of business.
The EU likes to claim that it helps Third World countries(affect
uk business)
04/29/12 Fernando Del Rio Perez
8/3/2019 Fernando Del Rio 8 Feb
17/19
COMMON AGRICULTURAL POLICY(CAP)BENEFITS IN UK
Ensure the safety and quality of food
It ensures that the food you buy is reasonably priced
Land management
Viable rural areas
Respond to Climate Change
Competitiveness in a global market
04/29/12 Fernando Del Rio Perez
8/3/2019 Fernando Del Rio 8 Feb
18/19
CONCLUSION
The Kyoto protocol and Rio Earth Summit
As we know, Kyoto Protocol has many weaknesses and their effectiveness is far from
100%. Some of the largest producers of emissions( U.S )are not part of this, which
means a big problem.
Nevertheless , in my opinion I think it's much better to do something than not to try
anything. It is a way to make countries more aware of climate change as well as
being the first step in future projects to combat climate change
EU Policies
It is widely known that the policies do not affect in a positive way to all countries
and it should be reviewed and try to adapt it to each country as much as possible .Inmy opinion, generally speaking, I think that the policies create an order between
member of the European union and also it control the market to prevent some to
have more privileges than others
8/3/2019 Fernando Del Rio 8 Feb
19/19
BIBLIOGRAPHY
Palmer, Adrian and Hartley, Bob. (2006) The business environment, 5th edn. New York, McGraw-Hill education
Riley, Pippa. (2010),Business essentials supporting HND/HNC and foundation degrees / Business environment,2nd edn,
London, BBP Learning Media Ltd
HM Revenue & Customs (HMRC). https://www.uktradeinfo.com/
UK National Statistics , International Trade http://www.statistics.gov.uk/hub/business-energy/businesses/international-trade
International trade and tariff data. http://www.wto.org/english/res_e/statis_e/looking4_e.htm#summary
An Overview of the BRIC Economies http://www.selloverseas.co.uk/overview-bric-economies.html
UK Trade & Investment . http://www.ukti.gov.uk/export/countries.html
BIS Department for business innovation & skills ,Policies
http://www.bis.gov.uk/policies/better-regulation/policy/european-legislation
GDP Growth BRIC countries . http://www.tradingeconomics.com/
Office for National Statistics (ONS). Pink bookhttp://www.statistics.gov.uk/statbase/product.asp?vlnk=1140
Protectionismhttp://tutor2u.net/economics/gcse/revision_notes/international_trade_protectionism_trade_barriers_and_free_trade.htm
Globalisation http://tutor2u.net/economics/content/topics/trade/globalisation.htm
The Kyoto Protocol http://climatechange.sea.ca/kyoto_protocol.html
http://www.bized.co.uk/educators/16-19/economics/markets/activity/pricecontrol2.htm
Fishing Policy http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/newstopics/politics/4391211/EU-fisheries-policy-
04/29/12 Fernando Del Rio Perez
https://www.uktradeinfo.com/http://www.statistics.gov.uk/hub/business-energy/businesses/international-tradehttp://www.wto.org/english/res_e/statis_e/looking4_e.htmhttp://www.selloverseas.co.uk/overview-bric-economies.htmlhttp://www.ukti.gov.uk/export/countries.htmlhttp://www.bis.gov.uk/policies/better-regulation/policy/european-legislationhttp://www.tradingeconomics.com/http://www.statistics.gov.uk/statbase/product.asp?vlnk=1140http://www.statistics.gov.uk/statbase/product.asp?vlnk=1140http://tutor2u.net/economics/gcse/revision_notes/international_trade_protectionism_trade_barriers_and_free_trade.htmhttp://tutor2u.net/economics/content/topics/trade/globalisation.htmhttp://climatechange.sea.ca/kyoto_protocol.htmlhttp://www.bized.co.uk/educators/16-19/economics/markets/activity/pricecontrol2.htmhttp://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/newstopics/politics/4391211/EU-fisheries-policy-http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/newstopics/politics/4391211/EU-fisheries-policy-http://www.bized.co.uk/educators/16-19/economics/markets/activity/pricecontrol2.htmhttp://climatechange.sea.ca/kyoto_protocol.htmlhttp://tutor2u.net/economics/content/topics/trade/globalisation.htmhttp://tutor2u.net/economics/gcse/revision_notes/international_trade_protectionism_trade_barriers_and_free_trade.htmhttp://www.statistics.gov.uk/statbase/product.asp?vlnk=1140http://www.tradingeconomics.com/http://www.bis.gov.uk/policies/better-regulation/policy/european-legislationhttp://www.ukti.gov.uk/export/countries.htmlhttp://www.selloverseas.co.uk/overview-bric-economies.htmlhttp://www.wto.org/english/res_e/statis_e/looking4_e.htmhttp://www.statistics.gov.uk/hub/business-energy/businesses/international-tradehttps://www.uktradeinfo.com/