Manual de Feitiçaria

7/22/2019 Manual de Feitiçaria

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A@MRMËL_MLGÌKMNL EÃF Í L ÚEMCL AF_ËL

@gofrl glkfs b`tèdlg krleb` pfb`r cfg suls dlomimblb`s ` sùs rmtulms,uslebf sul pfb`rfsl Gìkmnl plrl k`rlr à`mtfs mgpr`ssmfelet`s, ì`s eãf sãf fs úemcfs

qu` cfgpr`èb`g l r`limblb`. B` altf, lf cfetrìrmf bf qu` gumtfs glkfs mglkmelg, eãfí pr`cmsf t`r ug Lvltlr b`sp`rtf plrl qu` l gìkmcl fcfrrl. Ès v`z`s, olstl afrël b`vfetlb`, crèël ` cfed`cmgètf. @ssl cfgomelëãf í tãf pfb`rfsl qu` ltí g`sgf ug s`rduglef lbfrg`cmbf pfb`, s` lcr`bmtlr s`r clplz, gfiblr l r`limblb`. @stl í l lrt` blA`mtmëlrml.

GÌKMNL @ GÌKMCLA`mtmëlrml í ugl afrgl b` gìkmcl `stìtmcl. @il s` èqulbrl ef g`sgf clgpf qu`

ls Bmscmpimels vlgpçrmcls ` fs Bfes Klrfu. L gìkmcl `stìtmcl í ugl afrgl imgmtlbl b`glkml: ìl í ime`lr ` prfkr`ssmvl, tfrelebf-s` glms afrt` cfeafrg` f lb`ptf b`sèvfiv`sùs cfed`cmgètfs ` `xpleb` suls crèëls. Lf cfetrìrmf bl Gìkmnl Q`rblb`mrl, pfríg,l glkml `stìtmcl í imgmtlbl: f a`mtmc`mrf í meclplz b` mgprfvmslr fu b` vlrmlr sùs à`mtfs, pfrqu` lcr`bmtl qu` sul glkml pfb` s`r a`mtl lpèls b` afrgls prí-`stloì`cmbls.

A`mtmëlrml í ugl afrgl b` glkml mecrmvìgèt` vlrmlbl. @il s` bmvmb` `gclgmedfs bmv`rsfs, ` `st`s sãf imgmtlbfs. F eúg`rf ` l vlrm`blb` b` clgmedfs, pfríg, pfb` s`r meamemtf. Gumtls v`z`s efvfs clgmedfs b`scfo`rtfs mecfrpfrlg futrfs clgmedfs jì cfed`cmbfs, crmlebf gumtls ` gumtls vlrmlëð`s.

A`mtmëlrml í ugl glkml gèfs ràmelbl bf qu` Bfes fu Bmscmpimels, pfrqu` ìlvlrml. Rfbfs fs vlgpmrfs uslg Bfgmelëãf bl g`sgl afrgl: fidlebf efs fidfs b` sulsvçtmgls. @ss` í f afcf plrl f pfb`r. Fs afcfs b` A`mtmëlrml, pfr futrf ilbf, sãf glms próxmgfs bfs afcfs b` Gìkmnl: f a`mtmc`mrf pfb` utmimzlr lqumif qu` ì` lcr`bmtl quàuecmfel. B` altf, `g A`mtmëlrml, cfgf `g Gìkmnl, crèël í aueblgètli plrl qu` fs pfb`r`s auecmfe`g. Xfrtletf, tletf plrl glkfs cfgf a`mtmc`mrfs, lcr`bmtlr `g ug `stmifgçstmcf í aueblgètli. Pg a`mtmc`mrf xlgã r`limzl fs g`sgfs tmpfs b` rmtulms qu` ugglkf xlgã, gls í glms imgmtlbf efs à`mtfs qu` pfb` crmlr. Bl g`sgl afrgl, dìa`mtmc`mrfs d`rgítmcfs cfg rmtulms lrclefs, a`mtmc`mrfs t`cefglet`s qu` uslg gìqumels plrl r`limzlr sul a`mtmëlrml ` a`mtmc`mrfs e`crfglet`s, ètr` gumtfs futrfs. Fs clgmedfsqu` tfbfs ì`s s`ku`g sãf fs g`sgfs: lpèls sù `stmif b` usì-ifs s` lit`rl. @ssle`c`ssmblb` b` ug afcf plrl l a`mtmëlrml gumtls v`z`s l cfeaueb` cfg l GìkmnlQ`rblb`mrl. B` altf, gumtls v`z`s fs próprmfs a`mtmc`mrfs ` glkfs s` cfeaueb`g, `_@LIG@ER@ dì a`mtmc`mrfs els Rrlbmëð`s ` glkfs `g krupfs b` a`mtmëlrml. @i`srlrlgèt` cfes`ku`g s` bma`rècmlr, pfms í óovmf plrl lgofs qu` pr`cmslg bls g`sglsa`rrlgètls plrl sul glkml auecmfelr. Xlrl ì`s, l úemcl bma`rèël vmsçvì í qu` likues(fs glkfs) cfes`ku`g mr glms ifek` ` lprèb`g glms rìpmbf bf qu` fs futrfs (fsa`mtmc`mrfs). Xfr mssf, gumtls v`z`s fs a`mtmc`mrfs sãf cdlglbfs b` ’glkfs gèfr`s.‗

CFGF A@MRMËL_ML APECMFELQmstf qu` afcfs sãf e`c`ssìrmfs, pfb`gfs ètèb`r qu` l a`mtmëlrml s` ols`ml `g

rmtulms ` ècletlgètfs. Lgols ls prìtmcls sãf ols`lbls efs g`sgfs prmecçpmfs: ugl`spícm` b` pr`plrltmvf b`v` s`r a`mtf plrl qu` l glkml auecmfe`. L bma`rèël ètr` lgofsí qu` @ecletlgètfs sãf afcfs rìpmbfs b` s` utmimzlr: sãf bleëls curtls, k`stmcuilëð`s, plilvrls gìkmcls, f orlebmr b` foj`tfs b` pfb`r ` cïetmcfs. _mtulms, pfr futrf ilbf, sãfifekfs, pfbèbf i`vlr b` vìrmfs gmeutfs l vìrmls dfrls plrl s`r`g r`limzlbfs. _mtulms sãfcfesmb`rlvìgèt` glms pfb`rfsfs bf qu` fs ècletlgètfs, gls sãf b`gfrlbfs b`glms plrl qu` s` pfssl cfeamlr eì`s `g clsfs b` s` pr`cmslr b` a`mtmëfs rìpmbfs.

SMSR@GL B@ JFKF:Clbl Clgmedf b` A`mtmëlrml èvfiv` ug t`st` bma`rèt` b` Ltrmoutf +

Dlomimblb`. L bmamcuiblb` í f eçvì bf a`mtmëf uslbf +2, ` likues Clgmedfs `xmk`g fklstf b` pfetfs b` Glel fu Afrël b` Qfetlb`. Xlrl clbl a`mtmëf r`limzlbf, f a`mtmc`mrfb`v` `scfid`r s` utmimzlrì ug ècletlgètf fu ug rmtuli plrl sù afcf.

@ecletlgètfs i`vlg o`g gèfs t`gpf plrl s`r`g r`limzlbfs, èquletf rmtulms pfb`g i`vlr ltí g`sgf dfrls, gls têg l vletlk`g b` p`rgmtmr lcuguilr gumtf glmssuc`ssfs. F tmpf b` afcf meaiuècml bmr`tlgèt` el bmamcuiblb`, pfríg.

@ECLERLG@ERFSS` f glkf `scfid`r uslr ug ècletlgètf plrl r`limzlr f a`mtmëf, ì` pr`cmsl

klstlr ètr` ug ` três turefs plrl r`limzlr sul glkml. B`pèbèbf bf t`gpf utmimzlbf, l

bmamcuiblb` í meaiuècmlbl:< turef: +< bmamcuiblb`? turefs: Bmamcuiblb` efrgli3 turefs: -< bmamcuiblb`

_MRPLMS_mtulms i`vlg cfesmb`rlvìgèt` glms t`gpf, gls sãf gumtf glms pfb`rfsfs

qu` ècletlgètfs. @g prmg`mrf iuklr, f a`mtmc`mrf b`v` klstlr c`rtf t`gpf plrl pr`plrlrsù rmtuli. @i` pfb` klstlr t`gpf lbmcmfeli plrl bmgmeumr l bmamcuiblb` bf à`mtf, tfrelebff rmtuli glms ìlofrlbf. Pg rmtuli i`vl, `g gmeutfs, b`z v`z`s f sù eçvì plrl s`r pr`plrlbf. Mssf bmgmeum `g -< l bmamcuiblb` bf a`mtmëf. Xlrl tfbfs fs glms (eçvì x<8)gmeutfs klstfs lbmcmfelms klstfs el pr`plrlëãf, l bmamcuiblb` clm `g glms ug pfetf (lbmamcuiblb` eãf pfb` clmr plrl gèfs b` 2, pfríg).

Pgl v`z qu` f rmtuli tèdl smbf tftligèt` pr`plrlbf, f a`mtmc`mrf pfb` t`stlr fLtrmoutf + Dlomimblb` mebmclbfs. L bmamcuiblb` í f eçvì bf a`mtmëf +2, cfg fs b`vmbfsgfbmamclbfr`s b`vmbf è pr`plrlëãf. S` ì` s` gletmv`r r`limzlebf f rmtuli, ì` pfb` t`stlrefvlgèt` l clbl p`rçfbf b` t`gpf mkuli lf (eçvì bf rmtuli x?). Fs suc`ssfs b` clblt`st` vãf s` sfglebf, gls sãf p`rbmbfs s` dfuv`r ugl Alidl Crçtmcl, s` f a`mtmc`mrf afrmet`rrfgpmbf fu s` f rmtuli afr b` likugl afrgl mgp`bmbf. Pgl v`z qu` f a`mtmc`mrf tèdllicleëlbf fs suc`ssfs b`s`jlbfs, ì` pfb` ameligèt` imo`rlr tfbf f pfb`r qu` lcuguifuburlet` f rmtuli. Xlrl alcmimtlr l cfesuitl, lç `stãf fs plssfs b` ug rmtuli: ‒ R`gpf b` Xr`plrlëãf: Clbl (eçvì bf rmtuli x<8) gmeutfs bmgmeum l bmamcuiblb` `gug (bmamcuiblb` gçemgl 2). ‒ R`st`: Pgl v`z t`rgmelbl l pr`plrlëãf, f a`mtmc`mrf t`stl ls clrlct`rçstmcls mebmclbls.



CFEJP_LËÃF Pgl bls dlomimblb`s glms aletìstmcl bl glkml í l clplcmblb` b` s` crmlr gltírml

feb` eãf dlvml elbl. F Clgmedf bl Cfejurlëãf p`rgmt` qu` f a`mtmc`mrf crm` foj`tfs `gmestlet`s. Foj`tfs crmlbfs ltrlvís b`st` pfb`r eãf burlg pfr gumtf t`gpf, l gèfs qu` fa`mtmc`mrf utmimz` lmebl glms sul glkml plrl tfrelr l crmlëãf p`rgleèt`.R`st`: _lcmfcçemf + (Dlomimblb` rìlcmfelbl lf qu` s`rì crmlbf).Klstfs: Clbl usf b` Cfejurlëãf r`qu`r f klstf b` ug pfetf b` Glel.Smst`gl: F eçvì bf pfb`r uslbf b`t`rgmel l burlëãf bfs foj`tfs crmlbfs. Í pfssçvìtlgoíg uslr f eçvì bfms plrl tfrelr quliqu`r foj`tf p`rgleèt`. Foj`tfs cfejurlbfss`gpr` surk`g lf liclec` bls gãfs bf p`rsfelk`g, ` fovmlgèt` eãf pfb`g s`rmevfclbfs feb` jì dì gltírml sóimbl.

F eúg`rf b` suc`ssfs el crmlëãf b` ug foj`tf b`t`rgmel l qulimblb` bf g`sgf.Pg suc`ssf crml likf tfscf ` qu` prfvlvìgèt` t`rì alidls krlv`s, três suc`ssfs crml ugfoj`tf o`g-a`mtf ` auecmfeli ` cmecf suc`ssfs crml ug foj`tf cfg ugl qulimblb` tãf oflqu` pfb` s`r lmebl gìdfr bf qu` f pile`jlbf. Foj`tfs glms cfgpi`xfs, pfríg, cfgfcfgputlbfr`s, pfb`g xmkmr gumtf glms suc`ssfs.• Foj`tfs Smgpi`s: F a`mtmc`mrf pfb` crmlr lpèls foj`tfs smgpi`s, a`mtfs b` ef gìxmgfbfms glt`rmlms bma`rèt`s, ` s`g plrt`s góv`ms. F foj`tf burl lpèls ug turef pfrsuc`ssf ef t`st` b` mevfclëãf.• • K`rlr X`rgleêecml: Pslebf `st` pfb`r, f a`mtmc`mrf pfb` tfrelr p`rgleèt` ugfoj`tf crmlbf pfr `st` Clgmedf. Xlrl mssf, ì` b`v` klstlr cmecf pfetfs b` Glel ` ugXfetf b` Afrël b` Qfetlb`.

• • • Foj`tfs Cfgpi`xfs: Fs foj`tfs crmlbfs pìf a`mtmc`mrf l plrtmr b`st` eçvì pfb`gcfet`r fs glms bma`rèt`s glt`rmlms ` ltí g`sgf pfssumr plrt`s góv`ms ` cfgpfeèt`sì`tròemcfs. Ls plrt`s ì`tròemcls b`v`g s`r smgpi`s, pfríg (elbl cfgpi`xf l pfetf b`s` pfb`r crmlr ug cfgputlbfr...). Liíg bmssf, f foj`tf lmebl b`v` s`r p`quèf fu gíbmf(elbl glmfr bf qu` ugl tì`vmsãf pfb` s`r crmlbf). Foj`tfs crmlbfs ltrlvís b`st` pfb`rburlg tfbl l Cèl, gls pfb`g s`r tfrelbfs p`rgleèt`s pìf a`mtmc`mrf.• • • • B`salz`r: F a`mtmc`mrf pfb` b`salz`r crmlëð`s gìkmcls. Xlrl mssf, ì` t`stl_lcmfcçemf + Fcuitmsgf (bmamcuiblb`s efrgli). Clbl suc`ssf r`buz fs suc`ssfs bf crmlbfrbf foj`tf `g ug. G`sgf cfg r`suitlbfs plrcmlms, `ss` pfb`r pfb` cfrrf`r f foj`tfla`tlbf. Mssf auecmfel `g quliqu`r foj`tf crmlbf pfr glkml, s`jl Rluglturkml vlgpçrmcl,Gìkmnl, a`mtmëlrml fu quliqu`r futrf pfb`r sforèlturli. Lf cfetrìrmf b` futrlsdlomimblb`s b`st` Clgmedf, B`salz`r EÃF klstl Afrël b` Qfetlb`.• • • • • Foj`tfs Glmfr`s: E`st` úitmgf eçvì, í pfssçvì crmlr foj`tfs qu` tèdlg ugl

glssl mkuli fu gèfr qu` l bf a`mtmc`mrf, cfg plrt`s góv`ms ` cfgpfeèt`s ì`tròemcfs.Meaìmzgèt`, c`rtfs foj`tfs cfgpi`xfs r`qu`r`g gumtfs suc`ssfs, b` afrgl qu` quls`s`gpr` `st` pfb`r í uslbf el afrgl b` rmtulms. Foj`tfs crmlbfs pfr `st` pfb`r burlg ugbml met`mrf, gls pfb`g s`r tfrelbfs p`rgleèt`s.

CFER_FI@ @SXM_MRPLI@st` Clgmedf glempuil aletlsgls ` ls ligls bfs gfrtfs, ` efrgligèt` í

uslbf lpèls pfr e`crfglet`s. Likues gíbmues f cfed`c`g, pfríg, ` f uslg l sùalvfr. @st` Clgmedf eãf la`tl `spçrmtfs bl eltur`zl fu ì`gètlms.R`st`: Glempuilëãf + Fcuitmsgf (bmamcuiblb` í f eçvì bf pfb`r +2).Klstf: Pg pfetf b` Glel pfr usf.

Smst`gl: Aletlsgls pfb`g r`smstmr l cfglebfs b`st` pfb`r t`stlebf Afrël b` Qfetlb`(bmamcuiblb` í l Afrël b` Qfetlb` bf a`mtmc`mrf).• Q`r fs Gfrtfs: F a`mtmc`mrf pfb` uslr ug a`mtmëf qu` p`rgmt` v`r aletlsgls ` l plmslk`g bf guebf bfs gfrtfs pfr ug turef pfr suc`ssf.• • Mevfclr: F a`mtmc`mrf pfb` cdlglr ug aletlsgl plrl sul pr`sèël. Efrgligèt`, `st` pfb`r í a`mtf el afrgl b` rmtuli, plrl lcuguilr suc`ssfs suamcmèt`s plrl f aletlsgl eãfr`smstmr.• • • Frbèlr: F a`mtmc`mrf pfb` blr ugl frb`g bma`rèt` l ug aletlsgl plrl clblsuc`ssf fotmbf eug t`st`.• • • • Lprmsmfelr: Xfb`-s` lprmsmfelr ug aletlsgl l ug b`t`rgmelbf iuklr, pfr ug bml

pfr suc`ssf. F aletlsgl pfb` s`r imo`rtlbf let`s s` f a`mtmc`mrf p`rgmtmr.• • • • • Xuemr: Xfb`-s` ltlclr gmstmclgèt` ug aletlsgl, b`stl afrgl pfbèbf ltmekm-ifs`g s`r ltmekmbf `g r`tfref. Clbl suc`ssf ef t`st` clusl ug pfetf b` Blef ef aletlsgl.

CFSGF F Clgmedf bf Cfsgf í l dlomimblb` b` glempuilr ` utmimzlr ls è`rkmls gçstmcls

bf guebf, sèbf ’Glel‗, f t`rgf glms utmimzlbf pfr a`mtmc`mrfs, gls `stl è`rkml t`gfutrfs efg`s: Kefs`, \umet`ssêecml, Qms, Cdm, S`nd`g. Pg a`mtmc`mrf cfg `st` pfb`r s`lprfxmgl gumtf glms b` ug glkf v`rblb`mrf, pfms plssl l s`r clplz b` utmimzlr lsè`rkmls gìkmcls plrl lolst`c`r sùs pfb`r`s. @st` í ug clgmedf rlrf, qu` lpèlsa`mtmc`mrfs b`bmclbfs lprèb`g. @st` Clgmedf EÃF pfb` s`r `scfidmbf cfgf ClgmedfXrmgìrmf bf a`mtmc`mrf.

Liíg bmssf, `st` clgmedf eãf pfb` s`r lprèbmbf pfr s`r`s sforèlturlms,g`sgf fs qu` pfb`g lprèb`r a`mtmëlrml, cfgf fs Klrfu, lameli, ì`s JÌ ètèb`g cfgfuslr suls è`rkmls (f Cfsgf í lpèls futrf efg` plrl Kefs` fu Kilgfur).R`st`: Qlrmìvì.Klstf: Qlrmìvì.Smst`gl: @st` Clgmedf eãf í ols`lbf `g a`mtmëfs, ` smg `g cfed`cmgètfs. Clbl eçvìbì ugl dlomimblb` efvl lf a`mtmc`mrf, qu` pfb` s`r uslbl l quliqu`r gfgètf. Eãf`xmst`g rmtulms e`g a`mtmëfs plrl `st` Clgmedf.• Lrglzèlgètf b` Cfsgf: Pg a`mtmc`mrf cfg `st` pfb`r plssl l s`r clplz b`lrglzèlr Glel `g sù cfrpf, cfgf ugl olt`rml gçstmcl. @i` lutfgltmclgèt` kledlglms pfetfs el Clrlct`rçstmcl: Glel, mkuli lf sù Qmkfr, lugètlebf lutfgltmclgèt` lg`bmbl qu` f Qmkfr bf p`rsfelk`g lugètl.• • Losfrv`r Cfsgf: F a`mtmc`mrf plssl l s`r clplz b` losfrv`r Glel l plrtmr bf

lgomèt`. Mssf só í pfssçvì `g ifclms cfg Glel loueblet` (Efbfs, Cl`res ` futrfsiuklr`s gçstmcfs). Xlrl mssf, ì` t`stl Glempuilëãf + @emkgls (bmamcuiblb` 1), ` clblsuc`ssf p`rgmt` qu` ì` r`cup`r` ug pfetf b` Glel, l ug rmtgf b` ug pfetf pfr turef.F a`mtmc`mrf pfb` losfrv`r, pfr bml, ug eúg`rf b` Xfetfs b` Glel mkuli è sul Afrël b`Qfetlb` (gls b`pèbèbf bf iuklr b` feb` ì` r`tmrl l è`rkml, sù imgmt` pfb` s`rgèfr).• • • Lugètlr f Xfb`r: @stl dlomimblb` p`rgmt` qu` f a`mtmc`mrf klst` sul è`rkmlgçstmcl plrl bmgmeumr l bmamcuiblb` b` sùs a`mtmëfs. Clbl pfetf klstf b` Glel r`buz lbmamcuiblb` bf t`st` `g ug pfetf, gls f a`mtmc`mrf só pfb` klstlr ug pfetf b` Glel pfrturef, ` eãf pfb` r`buzmr l bmamcuiblb` `g glms b` três pfetfs b`stl gle`mrl. Liíg bmssf,eèdug a`mtmëf pfb` t`r bmamcuiblb` gèfr bf qu` 2.



• • • • Mgp`bmr Glkml: F a`mtmc`mrf í clplz b` r`limzlr Cfetrl-gìkmnl, b`stl afrglmgp`bmebf qu` a`mtmëfs bmr`cmfelbfs l ì` auecmfe`g. L próprml Cfetrl-gìkmnl ícfesmb`rlbl ug ècletlgètf, ` pfr mssf f a`mtmc`mrf pr`cmsl b` ug afcf. @i` klstl ug pfetf b` Afrël b` Qfetlb` fu Glel ` t`stl _lcmfcçemf + Fcuitmsgf (bmamcuiblb` 4, gls pfb`-s` klstlr Glel ` t`gpf plrl bmgmeum-il, cfgf eug a`mtmëf efrgli). Clbl suc`ssfr`buz `g ug fs suc`ssfs bf fpfeèt`, pfbèbf ltí g`sgf leuilr l glkml bì`. Lpèls pfb`r`s bmr`cmfelbfs cfetrl f a`mtmc`mrf pfb`g s`r b`sa`mtfs lssmg. @st` pfb`r la`tlGìkmnl, A`mtmëlrml ` Rluglturkml, gls eãf futrfs pfb`r`s sforèlturlms.• • • • • B`sclrr`klr Cfsgf: F a`mtmc`mrf pfb` uslr suls è`rkmls gçstmcls eug bmsplrf pfb`rfsf. Xlrl mssf, f a`mtmc`mrf klstl três pfetfs b` Glel ` t`stl X`rc`pëãf + @spfrt`s

(bmamcuiblb` 4, cfg gfbmamclbfr`s b` lcfrbf cfg f t`gpf uslbf plrl alz`r fècletlgètf). F Blef cluslbf í Lkrlvlbf, mkuli lf bforf bf eúg`rf b` suc`ssfs.

CP_L @st` Clgmedf èvfiv` suprmgmr bfr`s, r`kè`rlëãf ` curl, tletf gètli cfgf

açsmcl. A`mtmc`mrfs cfg `ss`s pfb`r`s pfb`g usì-ifs tletf `g sm g`sgfs cfgf `g futrls p`ssfls.R`st`: Clrmsgl + G`bmcmel (bmamcuiblb` í f eçvì bf pfb`r uslbf +2)Klstf: @st` pfb`r `xmk` f klstf b` ug pfetf b` Glel l clbl usf.Smst`gl: L r`cup`rlëãf b` blefs a`mtl pfr `st` Clgmedf eãf í mestletïe`l. Pgl v`za`mtf f a`mtmëf plrl r`kè`rlr blefs, f a`mtmc`mrf r`cup`rl ug Eçvì b` Qmtlimblb` pfrturef, ltí f gìxmgf qu` l dlomimblb` uslbl p`rgmt` curlr.

• _`gfv`r Bfr`s: F a`mtmc`mrf pfb` r`gfv`r l bfr `g sm g`sgf fu `g futrfs. Clblsuc`ssf ef t`st` r`buz pèlimblb`s pfr blef `g ug pfetf. @st` pfb`r tlgoíg pfb` curlrbfr`s b` clo`ël ` bfèëls smgpi`s (ug r`sarmlbf fu krmp`, pfr `x`gpif).• • Curlr A`rmgètfs I`v`s: F a`mtmc`mrf í clplz b` r`kè`rlr ltí três eçv`ms b`Qmtlimblb` pfr v`z. Clbl suc`ssf ef t`st` p`rgmt` qu` f a`mtmc`mrf r`kè`r` ug pfetf b`blef sfarmbf `g sm g`sgf fu `g futrfs, gls eãf s` pfb`g curlr glms bf qu` três eçv`msb` Qmtlimblb` pfr v`z.• • • Curlr Blefs Krlv`s: F a`mtmc`mrf í clplz b` r`kè`rlr ltí cmecf eçv`ms b`Qmtlimblb` cfg ug úemcf a`mtmëf. Efvlgèt`, clbl suc`ssf ef t`st` r`cup`rl ug eçvì p`rbmbf. @st` eçvì tlgoíg cfetíg a mtmëfs plrl curlr bfèëls krlv`s.• • • • _`kè`rlëãf Cfgpi`tl: @st` pfb`r í efrgligèt` r`limzlbf el afrgl b` rmtuli.@i` p`rgmt` qu` f a`mtmc`mrf r`kè`r` `g sm g`sgf fu `g futrfs tfbfs fs eçv`ms b`Qmtlimblb`. Clbl suc`ssf ef t`st` r`kè`rl ug eçvì, gls eãf dì imgmt` b` eçv`ms qu`

pfb`g s`r curlbfs pfr ì`.• • • • • _`cup`rlr l Gèt`: @st` pfb`r curl l gèt`, imgplebf-l cfgpi`tlgèt` b`cfetrfi`s gètlms, ifucurl ` trlugls. @i` efrgligèt` í a`mtf el afrgl b` rmtulms. Cmecfsuc`ssfs sãf e`c`ssìrmfs plrl s` r`gfv`r ugl X`rturolëãf Gètli. Xlrl ìmgmelr cfetrfi`gètli, clbl suc`ssf bf a`mtmc`mrf leuil ug suc`ssf bl crmlturl qu` gletíg f cfetrfi`.Xìf gèfs <0 suc`ssfs sãf e`c`ssìrmfs plrl s` ìmgmelr f Ilëf b` Sleku` vlgpçrmcf.@st` eçvì tlgoíg cfetíg a`mtmëfs qu` curlg bfèëls i`tlms, cfgf LMBS ` cïec`r.

@I@G@ERFS @st` pfb`r klrlet` lf a`mtmc`mrf bfgçemf sfor` f cimgl ` sfor` fs qultrf

ì`gètfs gçstmcfs ‒ afkf, ìkul, lr ` t`rrl. @st` pfb`r í gumtf prltmclbf pfr a`mtmc`mrfsd`rgítmcfs, pfr xlgãs ` pfr oruxls, qu` lcr`bmtlg qu` sù pfb`r sfor` fs ì`gètfsb`gfestrl sul sup`rmfrmblb` sfor` (fu sul uemãf cfg) l eltur`zl.R`st`: B`str`zl + Fcuitmsgf (plrl ltlqu`s ì`gètlms) fu Glempuilëãf + Fcuitmsgf(plrl t`st`s b` cfetrfi` cimgìtmcf fu plrl glempuilr ì`gètfs). L bmamcuiblb` `g lgofsfs clsfs í f eçvì bf pfb`r uslbf +2.Klstf: Pg pfetf b` Glel pfr a`mtmëf utmimzlbf.Smst`gl: Glempuilëãf bf cimgl pfb` `xmkmr ug eúg`rf vlrmlbf b` suc`ssfs, b` lcfrbfcfg l r`kmãf ` f cimgl ltuli bf iuklr (mevfclr t`gp`stlb` r`qu`r gèfs suc`ssfs qulebf jì `stì cdfvèbf). Fs suc`ssfs tlgoíg b`t`rgmelg l burlëãf, l crmtírmf bf Elrrlbfr(e`vlscl ef v`rãf b` ugl ìr`l trfpmcli eãf mrml burlr gumtf, gls ugl t`gp`stlb` smg). Efrgligèt` rmtulms sãf glms àmcmèt s plrl s` cfetrfilr f cimgl.Fos`rvlëãf: Ef clsf b` ltlqu`s cfg ì`gètfs, f eúg`rf b` suc`ssfs mebmcl quletfssuc`ssfs b`v`g s`r vècmbfs eug t`st` b` `squmvl bf livf plrl `sclplr bf ltlqu`. Fblef cluslbf b`pèb` bf eçvì bf pfb`r uslbf: ug pfetf b` blef plrl clbl eçvì. Ìkul` R`rrl cluslg blefs cfetuebèt`s, ì`trmcmblb` clusl Blef I`tli, ` lr eãf clusl bleflikug (gls f blef pfb`r s`r cfesmb`rlbf Afrël plrl b`rruolr fu lalstlr p`ssfls). Efclsf b` afkf (` lpèls afkf), f blef í lkrlvlbf. F a`mtmc`mrf pfb` lugètlr f blefklstlebf pfetfs b` Afrël b` Qfetlb` fu Glel, lbmcmfelebf bfms eçv`ms b` Blef plrlclbl pfetf klstf. Cfgf s` eãf olstlss`, f A`mtmc`mrf qu` ouscl s` `sp`cmlimzlr `g ug

ì`gètf `sp`cçamcf, pfb`rì blr meçcmf l ug Clgmedf plrliìf ols`lbf ef ì`gètf `gqu`stãf.• Mevfclr Alvfr bf Cimgl: F a`mtmc`mrf pfb` mevfclr cduvmscf, crmlr eívfl, cdlglr ugl ormsl i`v` fu alz`r futrls lit`rlëð`s gèfr`s.• • Lit`rlr Cimgl: F a`mtmc`mrf pfb` mevfclr ugl cduvl i`v`, `sarmlr fu `squètlrimk`mrlgèt` l t`gp`rlturl ifcli, trlz`r vètfs glms afrt`s, `tc.• • • Xrfvfclr R`gp`stlb`s: F a`mtmc`mrf pfb` prfvfclr afrt`s lit`rlëð`s cimgìtmcls:vètf pfb`rfsf, cduvl p`slbl ` afrt`, ugl qu`bl krlv` el t`gp`rlturl.• • • • Mevfclr @i`gètfs: F a`mtmc`mrf í clplz b` mevfclr ugl quletmblb` rlzfìvì bùg b`t`rgmelbf ì`gètf (ìkul, lr, afkf, t`rrl). Mstf EÃF í ug ltlqu` ì`gètli (v`jlfos`rvlëãf lcmgl), gls smg l purl crmlëãf bf ì`gètf (ìkul purl plrl s` oò`r, cdlglsgueblels plrl mecèbmlr ug iuklr, `tc.). F eúg`rf b` suc`ssfs mebmcl l quletmblb` b`ì`gètf mevfclbf.

• • • • • Glempuilr @i`gètfs: F a`mtmc`mrf pfb` glempuilr ug bfs qultrf ì`gètfs plrl alzê-if tfglr lëð`s sforèlturlms: t`rrl gfv`-s`, afkf k`rl afrgls ` pfb` s`rbfglbf, ìkul pfb` slitlr b` ug cfpf plrl futrf, `tc. F eúg`rf b` suc`ssfs mebmcl quãf o`g ` quãf rìpmbl afm l glempuilëãf ì`gètli.



@ECLERFS F Clgmedf bfs @ecletfs p`rgmt` qu` f a`mtmc`mrf bfgme` gèt`s ` `gfëð`s

ltrlvís b` sùs a`mtmëfs. @st` pfb`r í prà`rmbf pfr oruxls, qu` f uslg plrl cfequmstlrsmgpltml, cfetrfilr p`ssfls ` mecmtlr `gfëð`s. Gumtfs Mea`relimstls f lprèb`g tlgoíg,b`vmbf lf pftècmli cfrruptfr b`st` Clgmedf.R`st`: Clrmsgl + @gpltml (bmamcuiblb` í f eçvì +2). L vçtmgl pfb` r`smstmr s` sfuo`r qu``stì sèbf livf b` ug a`mtmëf, fu clsf tèdl likugl rlzãf plrl r`smstmr lfs mgpuisfssforèlturlms qu` sèt` (pfr `x`gpif, plrl `vmtlr lkr`bmr ug lgmkf). F t`st` b`r`smstêecml í b` Afrël b` Qfetlb` (bmamcuiblb` í f eçvì bf a`mtmëf +2).Klstf: Clbl usf b`st` pfb`r `xmk` f klstf b` ug pfetf b` Glel.Smst`gl: Fs pfb`r`s b`st` Clgmedf imblg cfg glempuilr `gfëð`s `, `g eçv`ms glmslitfs, cfetrfilr gèt`s. Liíg bmssf, a`mtmëfs pfb`g bftlr ug a`mtmc`mrf b` krleb` clrmsgl` clplcmblb` glempuiltmvl.Fos`rvlëãf: C`rtfs a`mtmëfs p`rgmt`g qu` f a`mtmc`mrf lbmcmfe` blbfs è sùs t`st`s. Feçvì bf a`mtmëf í mkuli lf eúg`rf b` blbfs qu` f a`mtmc`mrf kledlrì, èquletf f eúg`rfb` suc`ssf lf s` r`limzlr f pfb`r mebmcl f eúg`rf b` dfrls qu` `ss` oòeus s` gletíg.• @gfëð`s: F a`mtmc`mrf pfb` suprmgmr fu k`rlr ugl `gfëãf `g ug b`t`rgmelbf livf. Feúg`rf b` suc`ssfs mebmcl l afrël bl `gfëãf k`rlbl, fu f t`gpf `g qu` l `gfëãf ísuprmgmbl. @gfëð`s pfb`g s`r bmr`cmfelbls l ug prfpósmtf `sp`cçamcf (pfr `x`gpif,k`rlr óbmf `g rìlëãf l ugl p`ssfl fu foj`tf).• • Meaiuêecmls: F a`mtmc`mrf pfb` piletlr ugl suk`stãf el gèt` b` ug livf, ` `stl p`ssfl s` sètmrì cfgpìmbl l fo`b`c`r l suk`stãf. @ssl suk`stãf eãf pfb` pòr l vmbl bl

p`ssfl `g rmscf e`g pfb` s`r cfetrl sul eltur`zl, fu f pfb`r s` b`salz lutfgltmclgèt`.• • • Mebuëãf: F a`mtmc`mrf pfb` mebuzmr ugl p`ssfl l r`limzlr likf. Glms bf qu` lpèlsugl suk`stãf, l p`ssfl sèt` l e`c`ssmblb` b` alzê-if, ` s` ìl eãf r`limzlr, p`rb`rì ug pfetf b` Afrël b` Qfetlb` pfr dfrl qu` `vmtlr fo`b`c`r lf mgpuisf. S` l vçtmgl r`smstmr pfr ug eúg`rf b` dfrls mkuli lf eúg`rf b` suc`ssfs bf a`mtmc`mrf, ìl `stlrì imvr` blmebuëãf.• • • • Frb`g: F a`mtmc`mrf pfb` blr ugl frb`g è p`ssfl, ` `stl mrì fo`b`c`r c`klgèt`.L frb`g blbl eãf pfb` s`r glmfr bf qu` ugl arls` curtl.• • • • • Gl`strml: F a`mtmc`mrf pfb` tfrelr ugl p`ssfl sul `scrlvl. Xlrl mssf, ì` pr`cmslsup`rlr l Afrël b` Qfetlb` bl vçtmgl `g suc`ssfs. Clbl suc`ssf bf a`mtmc`mrf r`buz feçvì t`gpfrìrmf bl Afrël b` Qfetlb` bl vçtmgl `g ug, gls f a`mtmëf só t`rì à`mtfv`rblb`mrf s` l Afrël b` Qfetlb` bìl clmr plrl z`rf. L vçtmgl pfb` r`smstmr, b` afrgl qu``st` pfb`r í uslbf el afrgl b` _mtuli, plrl klrletmr suc`ssfs. L vçtmgl p`rgle`c` sfo

cfetrfi` bf a`mtmc`mrf ltí r`cup`rlr pìf gèfs ug pfetf b` Afrël b` Qfetlb`.

@SXM_MRFS @st` í ug clgmedf rlrf, qu` lpèls ues pfucfs A`mtmc`mrfs xlgãs ` Xlrèt`s b`

ifomsfgès cfed`c`g, gls tliv`z likues d`rgítmcfs ` oruxfs tlgoíg f prltmqu`g. @st`Clgmedf p`rgmt` qu` f a`mtmc`mrf s` èvfivl cfg f guebf `spmrmtuli (l Pgorl).

@st` pfb`r só èvfiv` cfetrfi` sfor` `spçrmtfs elturlms ` ì`gètlms, eãf pfbèbf s`r uslbf sfor` aletlsgls (plrl mssf `xmst` f Clgmedf bf Cfetrfi` @spmrmtuli).R`st`: _lcmfcçemf + Cfsgfifkml (bmamcuiblb` í f eçvì +2)Klstf: Pg pfetf b` Glel, fu glms.Smst`gl: Lpèls us` fs b`tlid`s l s`kumr:

• Qmsãf: F pfb`r b` ltmvlr ugl vmsãf sforèlturli, qu` burl ug turef pfr suc`ssf, ` p`rgmt` v`r fs `spçrmtfs pr`sèt`s ` f guebf `spmrmtuli sfor`pfstfs lf guebf glt`rmli.• • Mevfclëãf: F a`mtmc`mrf pfb` uslr ug a`mtmëf plrl qu`, pfr ugl dfrl pfr suc`ssf, pfssl cfgpr`èb`r ` s`r cfgpr`èbmbf pfr quliqu`r `spçrmtf cfg qu` cfev`rs`. Pga`mtmëf lit`reltmvf p`rgmt` ltrlmr l ltèëãf b` ug `spçrmtf `sp`cçamcf, ’mevfclebf-f‗ `

alzèbf-f trltlr lgmklvìgèt` f a`mtmc`mrf. Mssf eãf bì pfb`r sfor` f `spçrmtf, pfríg.• • • Cfetrfi`: F a`mtmc`mrf pfb` blr ugl frb`g pfr suc`ssf l ug `spçrmtf, b`stl afrglcfetrfilebf-f. F `spçrmtf gletíg sul crmltmvmblb` ` p`rsfelimblb`, pfríg, ` pfb`met`rpr`tlr fs cfglebfs cfgf o`g ètèb`r.• • • • Rfclr @spçrmtfs: F a`mtmc`mrf pfb` uslr ug a`mtmëf plrl pfb`r tfclr `spçrmtfs, fu ltí

g`sgf ltlclr `spçrmtfs qu` eãf `st`jlg glt`rmlimzlbfs. F a`mtmëf burl 38 gmeutfs pfrsuc`ssf.• • • • • @etrlr el Pgorl: F a`mtmc`mrf pfb` ètrlr el Pgorl, pfbèbf p`rgle`c`r iì pfr quletf t`gpf b`s`jlr. Eft` qu`, l gèfs qu` us` f eçvì let`rmfr, ì` í vuie`rìvìlfs `spçrmtfs s`g pfb`r ltlcì-ifs `g cfetrlplrtmbl.

D@_OLIMSGF D`rolimsgf i`gorl Xfëð`s, pfms í prltmclbl el afrgl b` ècletlgètfs ` rmtulms,

` smg crmlebf cfgpfstfs cfg pfb`r gçstmcf. D`rolimsgf í ug pfucf bma`rèt` b` Xfëð`s, pfríg, pfms s` ols`ml ef pfb`r bls `rvls ` piletls plrl crmlr ìmxmr`s, pfëð`s ` futrfsglt`rmlms. D`rolimsgf lk` lpèls sfor` s`r`s vmvfs qu` ètrlg `g cfetltf cfg fscfgpfstfs crmlbfs. D`rolimsgf í gumtf prltmclbf pfr oruxfs ` xlgãs.

R`st`: Metìmkêecml + Cmêecmls. F p`rsfelk`g pfb` suostmtumr Cmêecmls pìl X`rçcmlD`rolimsgf, f qu` e`ss` clsf bmgmeum l bmamcuiblb` `g ug.Klstf: Eèdug plrl crmlëð`s b` prmg`mrf fu s`kuebf eçvì, ug pfetf b` Glel plrlcrmlëð`s b` eçvì três fu glmfr. Liíg bmssf, prfbutfs plrl lgpimlr Ltrmoutfs, g`sgf fsb` eçvì ug ` bfms, custlg Glel.Smst`gl: L crmlëãf b` ug prfbutf b` D`rolimsgf b`gfrl ug eúg`rf b` gmeutfs mkuli l<8 v`z`s f eçvì bf pfb`r sèbf uslbf. F eúg`rf b` suc`ssfs mebmcl f eúg`rf b` v`z`squ` l crmlëãf pfb` s`r uslbl. Lit`reltmvlgèt`, f eúg`rf b` suc`ssfs pfb` mebmclr qu` f pfb`r bl crmlëãf só pfssl s`r uslbf ugl v`z, gls ugl v`z uslbf burl pfrcfesmb`rlvìgèt` glms t`gpf: ug bml pfr suc`ssf.

Fs prfbutfs b` D`rolimsgf pfb`g s`r k`rlbfs el afrgl b` pfëãf, ìmxmr,uekùètf fu pfglbls. @ssls sfiuëð`s têg pfb`r`s `sp`cmlms, qu` só fcfrr`g qulebf ìlssãf lpimclbls (fu oòmbls). Likues à`mtfs sãf mestletïe`fs (cfgf curlr fu a`rmr),

èquletf futrfs sãf t`gpfrìrmfs (cfgf lugètlr Afrël). Ef clsf b` à`mtfs t`gpfrìrmfs,ì`s burlg ugl Cèl ` eãf sãf cuguiltmvfs (ug ìmxmr clplz b` lugètlr ug Ltrmoutf, pfr `x`gpif, l lugètlrml pfr ugl Cèl, gls eãf t`rml à`mtfs lcuguilbfs s` oòmbfvìrmls v`z`s el g`sgl Cèl).Fos`rvlëãf: D`rolimsgf pfb` s`r uslbf plrl lugètlr Ltrmoutfs. Fs cfgpfstfs crmlbfs pfr D`rolimsgf sãf lmebl glms pftèt`s plrl lugètlr Ltrmoutfs bf qu` fs b` Xfëð`s.Xlrl clbl eçvì b` D`rolimsgf, f p`rsfelk`g pfb` lbmcmfelr ug pfetf `g ug b` sùsLtrmoutfs. @ss`s pfetfs b`v`g s`r bmstrmouçbfs (ugl pfëãf b` eçvì cmecf, pfr `x`gpif, p`rgmt` bmstrmoumr cmecf pfetfs ètr` Ltrmoutfs), ` f Ltrmoutf pfb` licleëlr ug imgmt`gìxmgf b` eçvì 4 b`stl afrgl.



Eft` qu` fs Ltrmoutfs l s`r`g lugètlbfs sãf `stloì`cmbfs lf s` crmlr l pfëãf,` eãf lf oòê-il. Pgl g`sgl pfëãf s`gpr` lugètlrì fs g`sgfs Ltrmoutfs. Lslgpimlëð`s eãf sãf cuguiltmvls, e`g cfg futrfs usfs b` D`rolimsgf e`g cfg futrfs pfb`r`s: lpèls l lgpimlëãf glmfr t`rì à`mtf. Liíg bmssf, l lgpimlëãf burl ugl Cèl,gls clbl cfgpfstf pfb` s`r uslbf ug eúg`rf b` v`z`s mkuli lf eúg`rf b` suc`ssfs (fu pfb` burlr ug bml pfr suc`ssf ef clsf b` ug prfbutf qu` só pfssl s`r uslbf ugl v`z, lfmevís b` a`mtf plrl vìrmls bfs`s).• Xfb`r`s bls Xiletls: @st` eçvì oìsmcf p`rgmt` qu` f a`mtmc`mrf utmimz` prfprm`blb`s`sp`cmlms bls piletls plrl crmlr prfbutfs clplz`s b` gìdfrlr ls aueëð`s vmtlms. @x`gpifsb` pfb`r`s pfssçv`ms: alcmimtlr l r`cup`rlëãf bf cfrpf, crmlr letçbftfs plrl vèèfs, `tc.

• • Xrft`ëãf bls Xiletls: F a`mtmc`mrf pfb` b`sp`rtlr pfb`r`s meltfs b` piletls. Lcòemtf pfb` `spletlr ifomsfgès, `rvl bfs kltfs pfb` ècletlr Olst`t ` futrfs s`r`s aìmefs, uglrfsl sìvlk`g pfb` s`r uslbl plrl crml rug uekùètf qu` gletíg vlgpmrfs ifek`, c`rtls`rvls pfb`g alcmimtlr cmcltrmzlëãf ` r`kè`rlëãf (r`buzmebf è g`tlb` f t`gpf b` curl bf p`rsfelk`g), `tc.• • • @rvls bl Qmbl: L plrtmr b`st` eçvì f a`mtmc`mrf plssl l s`r clplz b` curlr ` a`rmr cfgf pfb`r bls piletls. Fs cfgpfstfs crmlbfs cluslg/r`kè`rlg ug pfetf b` Blef pfrturef, burlet` bfms turefs. F blef cluslbf ef clsf b` vèèfs í I`tli ` eãf-losfrvçvì.Cfgf `g futrls crmlëð`s b` D`rolimsgf, clbl suc`ssf el crmlëãf bìls p`rgmt` qu`s`jlg uslbls ugl v`z. (curls/vèèfs b` eçv`ms glms litfs burlg ug turef l glms pfreçvì ` curlg/cluslg ug pfetf b` blef pfr turef).• • • • @rvls bl Gèt`: Fs cfgpfstfs b` `rvls b`st` eçvì pfb`g s`r uslbls plrl curlrmeslemblb`, lgpimlr l p`rc`pëãf bf usuìrmf (-? bmamcuiblb`s b` X`rc`pëãf) fu cluslr

liucmelëð`s ` bòmimtlr l gèt` b` likuíg (ugl pèlimblb` b` bfms blbfs fu bmamcuiblb`+? `g t`st`s b` X`rc`pëãf, Metìmkêecml, _lcmfcçemf fu Afrël b` Qfetlb`, b`pèbèbf bfcfgpfstf).• • • • • B`sp`rtlr Xfb`r`s: F a`mtmc`mrf pfb` uslr `rvls plrl b`sp`rtlr dlomimblb`ssforèlturlms els p`ssfls. Xrltmclgèt` quliqu`r pfb`r b` Bmscmpimel fu Bfg b` eçvìug pfb` s`r r`prfbuzmbf b`stl gle`mrl. Liíg bmssf, `ss` eçvì p`rgmt` crmlr curl plrlbfèëls krlvçssmgls cfgf LMBS fu Cïec`r.

MIPSÃF @st` Clgmedf p`rgmt` lf a`mtmc`mrf meaiuècmlr l gèt` b` vçtmgls ltrlvís b`

miusð`s ` èklelëð`s. F Clgmedf bl Miusãf eãf í gumtf pr`zlbf, gls lquì`s qu` futmimzlg pfb`g s`r fpfeèt` t`rrçv`ms, alzèbf suls vçtmgls buvmblr`g bl r`limblb`.

R`st`: Glempuilëãf + Iìoml (bmamcuiblb` í f eçvì +2)Klstf: Pg pfetf b` Glel pfr usf.Smst`gl: Ls miusð`s pfb`g burlr pfr t`gpfs vlrmlbfs, b`pèbèbf bf pfb`r uslbf. Fssètmbfs qu` ìls èklelg tlgoíg b`pèb`g bf eçvì.• Rruqu`s bl Gèt`: F a`mtmc`mrf í clplz b` crmlr miusð`s qu` la`t`g vmsãf ` fialtf, glsqu` só pfb`g s`r p`rcòmbls pfr ugl úemcl vçtmgl. Ls miusð`s mrãf p`rturolr ` ltrlplidlrl vçtmgl l alvfr bf a`mtmc`mrf. L miusãf í mgp`ra`mtl, sèbf gfiblbl pìl próprml gèt` blvçtmgl, ` f a`mtmc`mrf só t`g ug cfetrfi` rústmcf sfor` ìl. Miusð`s burlrãf ugl dfrl pfrsuc`ssf.

• • Mglkès Miusórmls: Cfgf ef eçvì ug, gls l miusãf pfb` s`r vmstl ` fuvmbl pfr tfbfsef ifcli. L miusãf burl ugl cèl, ` sul p`ra`mëãf b`pèb` bf eúg`rf b` suc`ssfs.Foj`tfs miusórmfs p`quèfs `xmk`g gèfs suc`ssfs bf qu` crmlr ugl p`ssfl miusórml, pfr`x`gpif. Liíg bmssf, l miusãf eãf pfb` s` gfv`r pfr sm só (ugl `splbl miusórml pfb`rmls`r ’`gpuedlbl‗ ` s`r uslbl plrl ’ltlclr,‗ gls ugl p`ssfl miusórml s`rì `stìtmcl, s`g

gfvmgètfs).• • • @eklelr l Qmsãf: F a`mtmc`mrf pfb` alz`r l sm g`sgf fu l p`quèfs foj`tfs amclr`gmevmsçv`ms. Lit`reltmvlgèt`, miusð`s crmlbls pfr `st` eçvì la`tlg vmsãf, lubmëãf ` fialtf.• • • • @eklelr fs Sètmbfs: Miusð`s crmlbls plsslg l s`r clplz`s b` èklelr tfbfs fssètmbfs blquì`s qu` lsp`rcò`g, ` pfb`g burlr pfr ltí ugl dfrl. Í tlgoíg pfssçvì

plrl f a`mtmc`mrf uslr ugl fcuitlëãf `g sm g`sgf b` afrgl qu` s`jl tftligèt` mkefrlbf pìls p`ssfls lf r`bfr (ìls eãf v`rãf, ` mestmetmvlgèt` f `vmtlrãf). L fcuitlëãf burl ltíqu` f a`mtmc`mrf gfstr` l sul pr`sèël (`solrr` `g likuíg, b`s`j` qu` ìl s` b`salël, `tc.)• • • • • Miusð`s X`ra`mtls: F a`mtmc`mrf í clplz b` crmlr miusð`s qu` s` gfvmgètlg, cfgf p`ssfls clgmedlebf fu ugl tì`vmsãf imklbl gfstrlebf mglkès qu` s` gfv`g. Fgfvmgètf b`v` s`r cfetrfilbf p`ssfligèt` pìf a`mtmc`mrf, fu prfkrlglbf: l miusãf eãfí clplz b` mgprfvmslr gfvmgètfs. Rlgoíg í pfssçvì alz`r fcuitlëãf sfor` futrls p`ssfls.

MEQFCLËÃF @st` í ug pfb`r p`rmkfsf, pfms cruzl ls olrr`mrls bl a`mtmëlrml, bl glkml orlecl `

bl glkml e`krl b` ugl só v`z. F Clgmedf bl Mevfclëãf í l dlomimblb` b` mevfclr s`r`s

b` futrfs guebfs plrl l R`rrl. Efrgligèt` ì` í uslbf sfor` `spçrmtfs, ì`gètlms,crmlturls gçtmcls fu aletlsgls, gls prfpósmtfs glms e`krfs (fu slkrlbfs) pfb`g usì-if plrl mevfclr B`gòemfs fu Cì`stmlms.R`st`: Qlrml cfg f tmpf b` _mtuli uslbf:*_mtulms b` Mevfclëãf: Glempuilëãf + Fcuitmsgf (bmamcuiblb` í f eçvì +3)>*_mtulms b` Xrft`ëãf: Metìmkêecml + Fcuitmsgf (bmamcuiblb` í f eçvì +3)>*_mtulms b` Cfetrfi` fu Lprmsmfelgètf: Glempuilëãf + Cfsgfifkml* (bmamcuiblb` íeçvì +3)>*_mtulms b` Olemgètf: _lcmfcçemf + Cfsgfifkml* (bmamcuiblb` í eçvì +3)>Fos.: Cfsgfifkml pfb` s`r suostmtuçbl pfr B`gfefifkml el v`rsãf b` Glkml E`krl b`stlRrmidl.Klstf: @st` pfb`r eãf èvfiv` klstfs, gls só pfb` s`r prltmclbf el afrgl b` _mtulms(v`jl fos`rvlëãf lbmlet`).

Fos`rvlëãf: Cfgf s` pfb` eftlr, l bmamcuiblb` bfs t`st`s b`st` pfb`r í eçvì +3, ` eãf+2. L rlzãf bmstf í smgpi`s: @i` eãf usl ècletlgètfs, LX@ELS _mtulms, pfms `xmk`gumtfs suc`ssfs plrl s`r o`g suc`bmbf. Xfrtletf, jì `stì cfesmb`rlbf el bmamcuiblb` f -<b`vmbf lfs pr`plrltmvfs bf rmtuli.

Eft` qu` l pr`plrlëãf b` ug rmtuli vli` plrl futrfs b`bmclbfs è g`sgl crmlturl, pfms fs rmtulms sãf tfbls vlrmlëð`s a`mtls l plrtmr bl mevfclëãf. Lssmg, lf s` pr`plrlr uglmevfclëãf, f a`mtmc`mrf jì `stì pr`plrlbf tlgoíg plrl tfbfs fs b`glms rmtulms b`stl trmidl, pfbèbf mevfcì-ifs s`g pr`cmslr klstlr t`gpf lbmcmfeli `g pr`plrltmvfs.



_mtulms: @stl í l Rrmidl qu` pfssum fs rmtulms glms cfgpi`xfs ` ìlofrlbfs. L glmfrml bfsa`mtmc`mrfs lprèb` lpèls _mtulms b` Mevfclëãf. Gumtfs, pfríg, b` ugl afrgl fu b`futrl, lclolg b`scformebf afrgls b` cfetrfilr, lprmsmfelr fu olemr b`gòemfs l plrtmr bf`stubf bfs próprmfs _mtulms b` Mevfclëãf (mssf `xmk` cfed`cmgètfs prfauebfs plrl slo`rCFGF f _mtuli b`v` s`r lit`rlbf).

@xmst`g qultrf tmpfs b` _mtulms bl Rrmidl bl Mevfclëãf:_mtulms b` Mevfclëãf: Sãf rmtulms ifekfs ` b`gfrlbfs qu` p`rgmt`g mevfclr ug s`r plrll R`rrl. Sãf gumtf ifekfs, b`gfrlebf ltí g`sgf bmls plrl s`r`g cfgpi`tlbfs. @xmk`g,`g t`rgfs b` jfkf, ètr` 0 ` ?0 suc`ssfs lcuguilbfs plrl s`r`g o`g suc`bmbfs, ` pfb`gi`vlr ltí g`sgf lefs plrl s`r`g cfgpi`tlbfs.

_mtulms b` Xrft`ëãf: Sãf lquì`s qu` crmlg ’Cçrcuifs b` Xrft`ëãf‗, cfgf f algfsfXètlkrlgl. @st`s cçrcuifs s`rv`g plrl mgp`bmr l plsslk`g bls crmlturls mevfclbls, fus`jl, fs a`mtmc`mrfs lcr`bmtlg qu` `stlrãf prft`kmbfs s` `stmv`r`g bètrf b` ug b`st`scçrcuifs. E`g g`sgf pfb`r`s uslbfs pìls crmlturls mevfclbls sãf clplz`s b` ltrlv`sslrug cçrcuif b` prft`ëãf o`g a`mtf. Rlgoíg í pfssçvì uslr _mtulms b` Xrft`ëãf plrl prft`k`r foj`tfs fu iuklr`s cfetrl b`gòemfs fu futrls crmlturls. _mtulms b` Xrft`ëãf pfb`g s`r cfeciuçbfs `g pfucfs mestlet`s, gls, pfr s`kurleël, gumtfs a`mtmc`mrfscfstuglg klstlr dfrls pr`plrlebf-fs (b`stl afrgl cfes`kumebf gumtfs suc`ssfs plrllugètlr l prft`ëãf bf _mtuli)._mtulms b` Cfetrfi`: X`rgmt`g cfetrfilr l crmlturl mevfclbl, qu` lmebl gletíg sùlutfcfetrfi` ` imo`rblb` b` pèslgètf, gls s`rì meclplz b` b`slamlr lquì` qu` lcfetrfil. _mtulms b` Cfetrfi` cfstuglg t`r burlëð`s, b` afrgl qu` f a`mtmc`mrf pr`cmsl`stlr pr`plrlbf plrl qulebf f à`mtf bf rmtuli t`rgmelr...

_mtulms b` Lprmsmfelgètf: Crml sçgofifs fu foj`tfs qu` lprmsmfelg, pìf gèfst`gpfrlrmlgèt`, ugl crmlturl mevfclbl. Cfgf fs _mtulms b` Cfetrfi`, pfb`g lclolr prfvfclebf l aúrml bf s`r lprmsmfelbf._mtulms b` Olemgètf: X`rgmt`g olemr plrl afrl bl R`rrl ugl crmlturl b` futrf guebf,gleblebf-l b` vfitl lf sù guebf b` frmk`g ` mgp`bmebf sù r`tfref pfr ugb`t`rgmelbf p`rçfbf b` t`gpf, qu` pfb` vlrmlr b` likues bmls l gumtfs lefs.

Pg a`mtmc`mrf tètlebf ug rmtuli pfb` uslr buls `spícm`s b` _mtulms: kèírmcf fu`sp`cçamcf. Pg _mtuli `sp`cçamcf í b`stmelbf l ug s`r b`t`rgmelbf ` eãf pfb` s`r uslbf plrl la`tlr futrl crmlturl (g`sgf qu` l futrl crmlturl s`jl bl g`sgl ’rlël‗ bf s`r`sp`cçamcf). _mtulms kèírmcfs la`tlg ugl rlël `sp`cçamcl (`spçrmtf, b`gòemf, aletlsgl,Cì`stmli, Pgorómb` fu s`r mea`reli) ` e`c`ssmtlg bf efg` (lpèls f efg` clsuli, eãf f Efg` Q`rblb`mrf) bl crmlturl l s`r mevfclbl plrl s`r`g o`g suc`bmbfs. _mtulmsKèírmcfs têg bmamcuiblb` +< plrl s`r`g r`limzlbfs. Lquì`s qu` slo`g f Efg`Q`rblb`mrf bl crmlturl la`tlbl pfb`g r`limzlr rmtulms cfetrl ìl cfg glmfr alcmimblb`(bmamcuiblb` -? efs t`st`s).

_@SMSRMEBFLs crmlturls la`tlbls pìl Rrmidl bl Mevfclëãf pfb`g r`smstmr lfs à`mtfs b`

likues bfs _mtulms._mtulms b` Xrft`ëãf: L crmlturl b`v` t`stlr Afrël b` Qfetlb` (bmamcuiblb` 4) ` cfes`kumrug suc`ssf plrl clbl suc`ssf bf A`mtmc`mrf plrl cfes`kumr ltrlv`sslr ug cçrcuif b` prft`ëãf fu tfclr eug foj`tf prft`kmbf. F a`mtmc`mrf crmlbfr bl prft`ëãf, s` `stmv`r pr`sèt`, pfb` t`stlr Afrël b` Qfetlb` (bmamcuiblb` 4) plrl leuilr suc`ssfs bl crmlturl,b`stl afrgl ràfrëlebf l prft`ëãf.

_mtulms b` Cfetrfi`: Eãf í pfssçvì r`smstmr l ug _mtuli b` Cfetrfi`. L crmlturl s`gletíg ef tftli cfetrfi` b` sù cfrpf, gls s`gpr` qu` tètlr lkmr cfetrl sù cfetrfilbfrfu qums`r r`cuslr ugl frb`g bì`, pr`cmsl t`stlr Afrël b` Qfetlb` (bmamcuiblb` 4) `cfes`kumr pìf gèfs ug suc`ssf plrl clbl eçvì qu` f A`mtmc`mrf pfssum el Rrmidl blMevfclëãf. S` cfes`kumr, l crmlturl pfb` mkefrlr ugl frb`g bf A`mtmc`mrf fu ètãf ltlcì-if, gls mssf eãf f imvrlrì bf cfetrfi` (ug A`mtmc`mrf ltlclbf lmebl pfb`rml frbèì-if plrl plrlr f ltlqu`, pfr `x`gpif). _mtulms b` Cfetrfi` sãf t`gpfrìrmfs, pfríg, ` lpós c`rtf prlzf b` likugls dfrls, l cfetrfi` s`rì quòrlbf lutfgltmclgèt`._mtulms b` Lprmsmfelgètf: Xlrl vèc`r `ss` _mtuli, l crmlturl t`stl Afrël b` Qfetlb`(bmamcuiblb` 4) ` pr`cmsl cfes`kumr <8 suc`ssfs pfr suc`ssf bf A`mtmc`mrf. @ssl jfklbl í

prfifeklbl, pfbèbf i`vlr gumtf t`gpf ltí qu` l prft`ëãf s`jl vècmbl._mtulms b` Olemgètf: L crmlturl pfb` r`smstmr cfg Afrël b` Qfetlb` (bmamcuiblb` 4) efmestlet` `g qu` f _mtuli í a`mtf. Clbl suc`ssf leuil ug suc`ssf bf A`mtmc`mrf, gls `st`lmebl pfb` cfetmeulr t`stlebf. Pgl crmlturl olembl só pfb`rìr`tfrelr è R`rrl lpós ugc`rtf p`rçfbf b` t`gpf fu clsf s`jl Mevfclbf. @i` s`rì meclplz b` r`tfrelr pfr futrfsg`mfs let`s qu` f t`gpf c`rtf s` plss`, gls clsf s`jl Mevfclbf, f _mtuli b` Olemgètf ílutfgltmclgèt` quòrlbf, ` l crmlturl `stlrì imvr`. Fs eçv`ms bf pfb`r b`t`rgmelg lglkemtub` bl crmlturl l s`r la`tlbl. F eçvì tlgoíg b`t`rgmel f eúg`rf gçemgf b`suc`ssfs plrl ug rmtuli b` Mevfclëãf: plrl clbl eçvì bf rmtuli, pìf gèfs 0 suc`ssfssãf r`qu`rmbfs. \u`g usl gumtf `st`s pfb`r`s cfstugl `stlr `g K_LEB@ p`rmkf, pfmscfrr` f rmscf b` èaur`c`r s`r`s gumtf glms pfb`rfsfs. Lquì` qu` í tfif f suamcmèt` plrllcr`bmtlr qu` pfb` glempuilr fs s`r`s b` futrf guebf g`r`c` fs tfrgètfs qu` vmrì lsfar`r... (plrl b`tlid`s sfor` qu` tmpfs b` b`gòemfs fu Cì`stmlms pfb`g s`r mevfclbfs,

v`jl B`gòemf: F Xr`ëf bf Xfb`r ` Lejf: L Slivlëãf).• Mevfclëãf Gèfr: Mevfclëãf: La`tlg spçrmtfs elturlms gèfr`s, crmlturls gçtmcls arlcls.Xrft`ëãf: Crml prft`ëð`s cfetrl aletlsgls, `spçrmtfs gèfr`s ` crmlturls gçtmcls.Cfetrfi`: Cfetrfil lpèls @spçrmtfs Gèfr`s (quliqu`r tmpf) ` crmlturls gçtmcls gèfr`s.Lprmsmfelgètf: Eãf í pfssçvì lprmsmfelr elbl e`st` eçv i.Olemgètf: Í pfssçvì olemr crmlturls gçtmcls fu `spçrmtfs gèfr`s b` quliqu`r tmpf.• • Mevfclëãf Glmfr: Mevfclëãf: La`tl crmlturls gçtmcls glms pfb`rfsls, aletlsgls (cfg xc`ëãf b` aletlsglsgumtf pfb`rfsfs), `spçrmtfs gèfr`s bl [yrg.Xrft`ëãf: F g`sgf qu` f eçvì ug.Cfetrfi`: X`rgmt` cfetrfilr crmlturls gçtmcls eãf gumtf pfb`rfslsLprmsmfelgètf: Í pfssçvì lprmsmfelr crmlturls gçtmcls arlcls l ugl ìr`l, afrëlebf-ls l prft`kê-il (b`stl afrgl crmlebf ’kulrbmð`s‗ plrl l ìr`l). Olemgètf: F g`sgf qu` f eçvì ug.• • • Mevfclëãf Sup`rmfr: Mevfclëãf: La`tl crmlturls gçtmcls b` krleb` pfb`r, `spçrmtfs ì`gètlms (elturlms,lrtmamcmlms fu bl [yrg).Xrft`ëãf: X`rgmt` crmlr prft`ëð`s cfetrl i`gètlms.Cfetrfi`: X`rgmt` cfetrfilr crmlturls gçtmcls b` krleb` pfb`r fu ì`gètlms.Lprmsmfelgètf: Í pfssçvì lprmsmfelr `spçrmtfs (gèfr`s fu ì`gètlms, pfbèbfmeciusmv` crmlr A`tmcd`s), crmlturls gçtmcls b` pfb`r gíbmf.Olemgètf: Xfb` olemr aletlsgls ` `spçrmtfs ì`gètlms.



• • • • Krleb` Mevfclëãf: Mevfclëãf: Crmlturls gçtmcls gumtf pfb`rfsls.Xrft`ëãf: F g`sgf qu` eçvì três.Cfetrfi`: X`rgmt` cfetrfilr crmlturls gçtmcls gumtf pfb`rfsls.Lprmsmfelgètf: Lprmsmfel crmlturls gçtmcls b` pfb`r glmfr fu ì`gètlms.Olemgètf: F g`sgf qu` eçvì três.• • • • • Mevfclr Bùs`s: Mevfclëãf: La`tl crmlturls gçtmcl b` pfb`r mgèsf (ltí g`sgf brlkð`s!), `spçrmtfs gumtf pfb`rfsfs (Rftès, Meclrel gèfr`s) ` aletlsgls gumtf letmkfs.Xrft`ëãf: X`rgmt` crmlr prft`ëð`s cfetrl aletlsgls ` `spçrmtfs.

Cfetrfi`: X`rgmt` cfetrfilr crmlturls gçtmcls b` quliqu`r tmpf.Lprmsmfelgètf: Lprmsmfel crmlturls gçtmcls b` krleb` pfb`r.Olemgètf: Xfb` olemr `spçrmtfs pfb`rfsfs.

GLP LKFP_F @st` Clgmedf p`rgmt` lf a`mtmc`mrf lkfurlr p`ssfls. Mea`relimstls b`bmclbfs

cfstuglg lprèb`r `st` Clgmedf juetf cfg f Xfb`r bl Glibmëãf, b`stl afrgl tfrelebf-s` gumtf glms pfb`rfsf. A`mtmc`mrfs, pfríg, uslg lpèls f Clgmedf bf Glu Lkfurf `g`sgf lssmg lpèls qulebf í r`ligèt` e`c`ssìrmf. Sfgèt` fs glms vmekltmvfs `me`scrupuifsfs uslg st` clgmedf i`vmlelgèt`.R`st`: Glempuilëãf + Fcuitmsgf (bmamcuiblb` í f eçvì +2).Klstf: Pg pfetf b` Glel fu glms.

Smst`gl: F eúg`rf b` suc`ssfs mebmcl l burlëãf bls glibmëð`s ileëlbls. Eft` qu`, plrltfrelr ug lkfurf burlbfurf, f a`mtmc`mrf efrgligèt` pr`cmslrì utmimzlr rmtulms lf mevísb` ècletlgètfs. Liíg bmssf, Glu Lkfurfs qu` la`t`g Ltrmoutfs euecl pfb`g r`buzm-ifs plrl lolmxf b` ug.

F Clgmedf bf Glu Lkfurf tlgoíg pfb` s`r uslbf lf MEQ@_SF, plrl r`tmrlrglibmëð`s.• Glu Fidlbf: F a`mtmc`mrf pfb` blr lzlr l ugl vçtmgl. L vçtmgl t`rì ug r`suitlbf ’<‗

sfglbf l tfbfs fs sùs t`st`s, pfr ug eúg`rf b` turefs mkuli lf eúg`rf b` suc`ssfs bfa`mtmc`mrf. @st` pfb`r eãf í cuguiltmvf (ugl g`sgl vçtmgl eãf pfb` s`r ltlclblgúitmpils v`z`s plrl lcuguilr vìrmfs ’<‗ `g suls jfklbls). Pg a`mtmëf lit`reltmvf

p`rgmt` lf a`mtmc`mrf r`buzmr ug Ltrmoutf bl vçtmgl `g ug, pfr ugl dfrl pfr suc`ssf.• • Xrlkl: Xfb` lglibmëflr ugl p`ssfl plrl qu` fs futrfs l `vmt`g. Bì +? `gbmamcuiblb`s b` t`st`s sfcmlms plrl l vçtmgl, pfr ug bml pfr suc`ssf. Futrls pfssmomimblb`s

meciu`g: alz`r f livf alidlr gms`rlvìgèt` `g ugl lëãf (clbl suc`ssf ef t`st` bì ugr`suitlbf ’<‗ `g ugl úemcl lëãf bf livf) fu bmgmeumr bfms pfetfs b` Ltrmoutfs el vçtmgl,

pfr ugl dfrl pfr suc`ssf.• • • Lkfurf Gèfr: F a`mtmc`mrf pfb` mevfclr ug b`stmef rumg plrl l vçtmgl. @ss`b`stmef pfb` meciumr ’sul elgfrlbl l b`mxlrì‗ fu ’vfcê p`rb`rì sù cloìf,‗ fu quliqu`r

futrl glibmëãf qu` eãf clus` a`rmgètfs e`g lg`lc` l vmbl bl p`ssfl. F eúg`rf b`suc`ssfs í f eúg`rf b` s`glels qu` l glibmëãf burlrì (lpós `ss` t`gpf, ìl s` clecìl `l vçtmgl eãf pr`cmsl glms t`gê-il, gls eãf r`cup`rl elbl qu` tèdl p`rbmbf). Rlgoíg í pfssçvì uslr a`mtmëfs qu` bmgmeulg três pfetfs ètr` Ltrmoutfs bl vçtmgl, pfr ugl dfrl pfr suc`ssf.

• • • • Lkfurf Glmfr: F a`mtmc`mrf pfb` alz`r l vçtmgl amclr bfèt` (bfèël eãf i`tli, glsgumtf mecògfbl), pfb` mgp`bmr l vçtmgl b` s` curlr (custfs b` curl fu t`gpf b`r`cup`rlëãf bforlg plrl fs a`rmgètfs ltulms, gls eãf la`tl a`rmgètfs qu` s`jlgsfarmbfs b`pfms), pfb` cluslr bfr`s el vçtmgl (-? els plrlbls b` blbfs, pfr ugl dfrl pfrsuc`ssf) fu pfb` r`buzmr qultrf pfetfs bmstrmouçbfs ètr` sùs Ltrmoutfs, pfr ugl dfrl pfr suc`ssf.• • • • • Lkfurf R`rrçvì: Xfb`-s` a`rmr bmr`tlgèt` l p`ssfl cfg ugl glibmëãf i`tli (lvçtmgl sfar` ug eçvì lkrlvlbf b` Blef pfr bml, eãf-losfrvçvì, pfr ug bml pfr suc`ssf)` tlgoíg pfb`-s` r`buzmr cmecf pfetfs ètr` fs Ltrmoutfs bl vçtmgl pfr ugl dfrl pfrsuc`ssf.

G@RLGF_AFS@ @st` í f clgmedf bls gubleëls b` afrgl, ` í `xtr`glgèt` rlrf. F a`mtmc`mrf í

clplz b` lit`rlr l sul próprml afrgl.R`st`: Qmkfr + Fcuitmsgf (bmamcuiblb` í f eçvì +2).Klstf: Pg pfetf b` Glel pfr usf.Smst`gl: Ls trlesafrglëð`s gèfr`s (b` eçvì ug ` bfms) sãf p`rgleèt`s, ltí qu` fa`mtmc`mrf b`s`j` r`tfrelr è sul afrgl v`rblb`mrl. Rrlesafrglëð`s b` eçvì sup`rmfr burlgugl dfrl pfr suc`ssf ef t`st` (` pfrtletf, trlesafrglëð`s r`ligèt` prfifeklbls `xmk`gf usf b` rmtulms), gls pfb`g s`r b`sa`mtls let`s s` f a`mtmc`mrf b`s`jlr.• Lit`rlëãf Gèfr: F a`mtmc`mrf pfb` gublr ugl clrlct`rçstmcl b` sù cfrpf: cfr b` pì`,cfr bfs fidfs, cfr, tmpf fu tlgledf b` cloìfs, tfg b` vfz. @i` tlgoíg pfb` r`tmrlr

cmcltrmz`s, crmlr tltulkès, cfes`rtlr mgp`ra`mëð`s, `tc.• • Gubleël: Cfgf ef eçvì let`rmfr, gls clbl suc`ssf p`rgmt` gublr uglclrlct`rçstmcl. Liíg bmssf, f a`mtmc`mrf pfb` gublr sul liturl ` sù p`sf.• • • Efvl afrgl: F a`mtmc`mrf pfb` lbmcmfelr plrt`s meuglels lf sù cfrpf. Mssf meciumklrrls, pr`sls, `sclgls, ofcls ` fidfs `xtrls, `tc. @stls lit`rlëð`s sãf t`gpfrìrmls, gls fa`mtmc`mrf pfb` tfreì-ils p`rgleèt`s klstlebf ug eçvì p`rgleèt` b` Afrël b` Qfetlb`(likues glkfs b`gèt`s alz`g mssf plrl s` tfrelr`g gfestrufsfs!). Lit`reltmvlgèt`,`st` pfb`r pfb` s`r uslbf plrl s` lbqumrmr ugl efvl mbètmblb`, gublr sù s`xf fug`sgf plrl cfpmlr ugl p`ssfl `sp`cçamcl (e`ss` clsf, suc`ssfs sãf bmvmbmbfs ètr` t`gpf` p`ra`mëãf bl trlesafrglëãf, f qu` `xmk` rmtulms ifekfs plrl s` t`r suc`ssfs suamcmèt`s).• • • • Afrgl Lemgli: F a`mtmc`mrf pfb` lssugmr ugl afrgl lemgli, kledlebf qulmsqu`rvletlkès qu` ìl tèdl (vòf, klrrls, pr`sls, `tc.) Í pr`cmsf ug a`mtmëf bma`rèt` plrl clblafrgl.

• • • • • Lbmëð`s: F a`mtmc`mrf pfb` lbmcmfelr g`gorfs efvfs `g sù cfrpf, cfgf orlëfs`xtrls, tètìcuifs ` futrls trlesafrglëð`s s`gìdlet`s. Lit`reltmvlgèt`, ì` pfb` uslrug a`mtmëf plrl lbmcmfelr suc`ssfs lfs sùs Ltrmoutfs Açsmcfs, è sul X`rc`pëãf fu sulLplrêecml, ltí f eçvì gìxmgf 1. Ef clsf b` lugètf b` Ltrmoutfs, f pfb`r s` gletíg pfr ugl Cèl.



XFËÐ@S Xfëð`s í ug Clgmedf letmkf ` pfb`rfsf, prltmclbf pìfs glms bma`rèt`s pfvfs

pfr `rls let`s bf lbvètf bl cmêecml. Xfëð`s s` ols`ml el crmlëãf b` cfgpfeèt`squçgmcfs qu` pfssu`g prfprm`blb`s gçstmcls. @ss`s cfgpfeèt`s lssug`g l afrgl bùekùètfs, imxmr`s pfglbls sp`cmlms.

@ss` clgmedf í ugl `spícm` b` suoclt`kfrml bl liqumgml, ` eãf s` ols`ml `gècletlgètfs fu rmtulms cfgf fs Clgmedfs cfevècmfelms. Lf mevís bmssf, ìl `xmk` qu`f a`mtmc`mrf utmimz` ug ilofrltórmf ` pfssul fs mekr`bmèt`s crmlr suls sfiuëð`s.R`st`: Metìmkêecml + Fcuitmsgf (bmamcuiblb` í f eçvì bl sfiuëãf l s`r crmlbl +2). F p`rsfelk`g pfb` suostmtumr Fcuitmsgf pìf Cfed`cmgètf Liqumgml, f qu` bmgmeum lbmamcuiblb` `g ug.Klstfs: Clbl crmlëãf `xmk` f klstf b` ug pfetf b` Glel.Smst`gl: L crmlëãf b` ugl pfëãf b`gfrl ug eúg`rf b` gmeutfs mkuli l <8 v`z`s f eçvìbf pfb`r sèbf uslbf, gls ugl v`z crmlbl l sfiuëãf, ìl pfb` s`r uslbl ug eúg`rf b`v`z`s mkuli lf eúg`rf b` suc`ssfs. Pgl pfëãf qu` fotèdl três suc`ssfs, pfr `x`gpif,t`g quletmblb` suamcmèt` plrl três kfi`s. Ls sfiuëð`s liquçgmcls k`rlbls pfb`g s`r elafrgl b` pfëãf, ìmxmr, uekùètf fu pfglbls. @ssls sfiuëð`s têg pfb`r`s `sp`cmlms, qu`só fcfrr`g qulebf ìls sãf lpimclbls (fu oòmbls). Likues à`mtfs sãf mestletïe`fs(cfgf curlr fu a`rmr), èquletf futrfs sãf t`gpfrìrmfs (cfgf lugètlr Afrël).

Ef clsf b` à`mtfs t`gpfrìrmfs, ì`s burlg ugl Cèl ` eãf sãf cuguiltmvfs (ugìmxmr clplz b` lugètlr l Afrël, pfr `x`gpif, l lugètlrml pfr ugl Cèl, gls eãf t`rmlà`mtfs lcuguilbfs s` oòmbf vìrmls v`z`s el g`sgl Cèl).

Fos`rvlëãf: Xlrl prfpósmtfs b` curl/blef, cfesmb`r` qu` ìmxmr`s, pfglbls, ìcmbfs `vèèfs liquçgmcfs r`cup`r`g/clus`g ug eçvì b` blef pfr eçvì bl pfëãf crmlbl. @ss`blef eãf í r`cup`rlbf/sfarmbf mestletle`lgèt`, gls smg l ug rmtgf b` ug pfr turef l plrtmr bf gfgètf qu` í oòmbf, metrfbuzmbf fu lpimclbf. Blef cluslbf pfr vèèfs íI`tli ` eãf pfb` s`r losfrvmbf, gls pfb` s`r curlbf efrgligèt`. (Pg vèèf crmlbf pfr Xfëð`s 0, cluslrml < pfetf b` Blef I`tli eãf-losfrvçvì pfr turef, burlet` 0 turefs)• Crmlëð`s Gèfr`s: Pg liqumgmstl memcmlet` eãf í clplz b` crmlr à`mtfs r`ligèt`mgpr`ssmfelet`s, gls jì slo` cfgf crmlr cfgpfstfs út`ms. L glmfrml bfs cfgpfstfscrmlbfs p`rgmt` à`mtfs mg`bmltfs oèíamcfs, cfgf r`gfv`r à`mtfs b` vèèfs (eãf curlblefs jì sfarmbfs, gls mgp`b` qu` f vèèf cfetmeu` l auecmfelr), r`stlurlr foj`tfscfrrfçbfs fu èvìd`cmbfs fu plrl lugètlr ug úemcf Ltrmoutf `g ug pfetf.• • Cfgpfstfs Gìdfrlbfs: Ls pfëð`s ` ìmxmr`s kledlg glmfr pftêecml. @etr` ls pfssmomimblb`s, meciu`g-s`: Pslr ugl pfëãf qu` bmgmeul `g ug pfetf ls pèlimblb s pfr

blef burlet` l Cèl, ug cfgpfstf qu` tfrel glms i`v`s ` r`smstèt`s glt`rmlms `g qu`ì` í lpimclbf (+< blbf b` losfrëãf bf glt`rmli burlet` ugl s`glel). Likugls pfëð`sb`st` eçvì pfb`g lgpimlr clplcmblb`s duglels `sp`cçamcls, blebf +< blbf `g t`st`srìlcmfelbfs (ugl pfëãf qu` ljub` l cfrr`r fu slitlr, pfr `x`gpif, fu qu` gìdfr` llosfrëãf b` blefs).• • • Liqumgml Q`rblb`mrl: L plrtmr b`st` eçvì, fs cfgpfstfs crmlbfs jì sãf clplz`s b`r`limzlr à`mtfs surpr`èbèt`s. Pgl sfiuëãf lpimclbl l glt`rmlms mefrkïemcfs gìdfrlsul bur`zl ` fs tfrel glms i`v`s, lbmcmfelebf +? blbfs è losfrëãf b` blefs. Í pfssçvìcrmlr tlgoíg pfëð`s ` ìmxmr`s qu` bãf p`rc`pëãf sforèlturli è p`ssfl (dlomimblb` b`v`r aletlsgls, albls ` `spçrmtfs, -? bmamcuiblb` b` t`st`s b` X`rc`pëãf) fu qu` lugèt`gug Ltrmoutf `sp`cçamcf `g bfms pfetfs (fu bfms Ltrmoutfs `g ug pfetf clbl).

• • • • Cfgpfstfs Glmfr`s: Fs cfgpfstfs k`rlbfs plsslg l t`r pfb`r`s lmebl glmfr`s,cfgf p`rgmtmr qu` ugl lrgl clus` Blefs Lkrlvlbfs pfr ug Cèl, fu k`rlr pfëð`s qu`lbmcmfe`g +? blbfs l t`st`s rìlcmfelbfs l ugl c`rtl clplcmblb` açsmcl (cfgf cfrr`r,slitlr fu losfrv`r blefs).• • • • • G`str` b` Xfëð`s: Fs cfgpfstfs qu` ug g`str` b` pfëð`s pfb` k`rlr sãfsmgpi`sgèt` surpr`èbèt`s. Í pfssçvì crmlr pfëð`s qu` sfg`g +3 `g ug Ltrmoutf`sp`cçamcf (fu qu` sfg` ltí três pfetfs bmstrmouçbfs ètr` vìrmfs Ltrmoutfs), qu` imo`rt`gb` cfetrfi` gètli fu qu` bê`g l \ulimblb`: Qfetlb` b` A`rrf pfr ugl Cèl. Í tlgoíg pfssçvì crmlr ug cfgpfstf qu`, qulebf lpimclbf, p`rgmt` lf a`mtmc`mrf lkmr buls v`z`s pfr turef, burlet` ugl Cèl met`mrl.

X_FA@CMLS @stl í l dlomimblb` b` pr`v`r f auturf fu v`r `vètfs bf plsslbf. Efrgligèt`,

fs a`mtmëfs b`st` Clgmedf èvfiv`g afcfs cfgf tlrò, oúzmfs ` ofils b` crmstli, `gofrlfutrfs gítfbfs èvfivlg purl g`bmtlëãf, bleëls, cïetmcfs fu mek`stãf b` `rvls.R`st`: X`rc`pëãf + Fcuitmsgf (bmamcuiblb` í f eçvì bl dlomimblb` +2).Klstf: Dlomimblb`s plrl v`r f plsslbf só custlg Glel l plrtmr bf t`rc`mrf eçvì.Dlomimblb`s plrl v`r f auturf só pfb`g s`r uslbls ltrlvís bf klstf b` ug pfetf b` Afrëlb` Qfetlb`, `g quliqu`r eçvì.Smst`gl: F eçvì b`t`rgmel f qu` f a`mtmc`mrf pfb` v`r sfor` f auturf ` f plsslbf. Eft`qu` a`mtmëfs plrl v`r f auturf ` a`mtmëfs plrl v`r f plsslbf sãf bma`rèt`s, b`vèbf s`rlbqumrmbfs `g s`plrlbf (gls f Clgmedf í ug só plrl lgofs). Eft` tlgoíg qu`

fos`rvlr altfs ` `vètfs í glms aìcmi bf qu` fos`rvlr f auturf fu plsslbf b` p`ssfls`sp`cçamcls. Liíg bmssf, f auturf í s`gpr` eòuifsf, pfms í gutìvì. Eft` qu` v`r `vètfs rìlcmfelbfs l ugl p`ssfl fu iuklr `xmk` qu` f a`mtmc`mrf

`st`jl ef iuklr fu cfg l p`ssfl `g sul pr`sèël, fu pìf gèfs tèdl likf rìlcmfelbf lì`s `g sul pfss`.• Ilgp`jfs: F a`mtmc`mrf pfb` t`r ilgp`jfs b` `vètfs qu` `stãf plrl lcfet`c`r fu qu`fcfrr`rlg r`cèt`gèt`, ef ifcli feb` ì` `stì fu `g rìlëãf l ugl p`ssfl qu` `st`jl pr`sèt` (fu bl quli s` tèdl ug foj`tf imklbf l `ssl p`ssfl). Í tlgoíg pfssçvì fidlrefs fidfs b` ug clbìv`r ` v`r sul gfrt`.

• • Qmsð`s Xróxmgls: F a`mtmc`mrf pfb` v`r `vètfs rìlcmfelbfs l ugl p`ssfl fu iuklr.@ss`s `vètfs eãf pfb`g `stlr l glms bf qu` ug bml ef auturf fu plsslbf. @vètfs glmsbmstlet`s pfb`g s`r vmstfs, gls ls vmsð`s sãf mgpr`cmsls ` eòuifsls, b` bmaçcmi

met`rpr`tlëãf.• • • Altfs Bmstlet`s: F a`mtmc`mrf pfb` v`r cfg cilr`zl ltí ug gês ef plsslbf fu ugls`glel ef auturf. Qmsð`s glms eòuifsls b` ltí ug lef ef plsslbf pfb`g s`r fotmbls.• • • • I`gorleëls Xr`cmsls/Qmsð`s Mgpfrtlet`s: Xfb`-s` v`r ug lef ef plsslbf, fuug gês ef auturf. Xfb`-s` v`r tlgoíg ltí <8 lefs ef plsslbf fu ug lef ef auturf, glsls vmsð`s sãf quls` mecfgpr`èsçv`ms.• • • • • Xfscfkemëãf / Xr`cfkemëãf: Xfb`-s` v`r cilrlgèt` ltí 0 lefs ef plsslbf fu uglef ef auturf. Pgl vmsãf eòuifsl pfb` licleëlr <88 lefs ef plsslbf fu <8 lefs efauturf.



R@I@XF_R@Rì`pfrt` í cfg c`rt`zl ug bfs pfb`r`s glms cfgues ètr` fs A`mtmc`mrfs. B`

altf, lpèls ug ètr` <888 A`mtmc`mrfs í tfif f suamcmèt` plrl eãf lprèb`r fs pfb`r`sb`st` Clgmedf.

Rì`pfrt` í l lrt` bl vmlk`g mestletïe`l ètr` bfms pfetfs. Alilebf b` afrglsmgpi`s, f ì` b`slplr`c` b` likug iuklr ` r`ssurk` `g futrf ifcli. B`stl afrgl, pfb`gvmljlr ètr` ifclms bmstlet`s bl R`rrl, fu g`sgf b` futrfs guebfs, `g pfucfs mestlet`s.

L `ssêecml b`st` pfb`r `stì el cfgpr`èsãf bfs `splëfs ` bls bmgèsð`s.Rì`pfrt` `xmk` cfecètrlëãf. Xfr mssf, `g ug turef `g qu` usl Rì`pfrt`, f A`mtmc`mrfsó pfb`rì r`limzlr ugl lëãf, @i` só b`slplr`c`rì tftligèt` ef ameli bf turef, pfbèbfs`r la`tlbf pfr ltlqu`s açsmcfs let`s b` b`slplr`c`r. Liíg bmssf, vmljlr ètr` bfms pfetfsb`gfrl ef gçemgf ug turef plrl r`ssurkmr. Clbl p`rsfelk`g pr`cmsl t`r sul ’glrcl‗ lfuslr tì`pfrt`. @ssl glrcl í l glema`stlëãf açsmcl bf pfb`r. @x`gpifs sãf: euvès b` pf`mrl fu èxfar`, eívfls, p`quèls `xpifsð`s, rlmfs, cilrð`s, febuilëð`s ef lralcmigèt` p`rc`ptçv`ms ` futrfs à`mtfs, qu` bmamcmigèt` s`rãf aurtmvfs.R`st`: Metìmkêecml / _lcmfcçemf + Cfsgfifkml (bmamcuiblb` mkuli lf Eçvì +2). S` alidlr`g ug t`st` b` Rì`pfrt`, elbl lcfet`c`. S` dfuv`r Alidl Crçtmcl, surk` ef ifcli `rrlbf.Klstfs: L utmimzlëãf b` pìf gèfs < Xfetf b` Glel í e`c`ssìrml `g clbl à`mtf.Smst`gl: L burlëãf k`rligèt` í mestletïe`l, pfríg, pfb` burlr glms t`gpf, p`rgle`cèbf el gèt` bf A`mtmc`mrf pfr ugl cèl met`mrl, s`g klstfs (cfesuit` fG`str`).• _lsklr f @splëf: Ltrlvís b` cfecètrlëãf, f A`mtmc`mrf pfb` s` tì`pfrtlr plrl ug

pfetf qu` `st`jl `g sul imedl b` vmsãf. Fovmlgèt`, ls fpëð`s plrl feb` f tì`pfrt`r pfb` s` trlespfrtlr sãf imgmtlbls qulebf ì` `stì `g ug `splëf a`cdlbf. G`sgf lssmg,`stl dlomimblb` í gumtf vlifrmzlbl ` tlgoíg gumtf uslbl, pfms í l afrgl b` trlespfrt`glms aìcmi b` s` uslr.• • Ltrlv`sslr Xlr`b`s: G`sgf s`g pfb`r t`r lc`ssf lfs glms alouifsfs pfb`r`s b`Rì`pfrt`, ug A`mtmc`mrf qu` tèdl `st` eçvì b` pfb`r jì cfg`ël l lprèb`r l glempuilr f`splëf. Bmstfrcèbf f `splëf, ì` í clplz b` ltrlv`sslr foj`tfs sóimbfs. Lquì`s qu`vê`g `st` pfb`r `g usf p`rcò`g l plr`b` fu foj`tf sèbf ltrlv`sslbf cfgf s` afssìçqumbf. Likues A`mtmc`mrfs glema`stlg `st` pfb`r lf mev`rsf: í cfgf s` f tì`pfrt`r s`tfrelss` içqumbf plrl ltrlv`sslr l plr`b`.• • • Rì`pfrt` `g Glssl: Rèbf glmfr cfetrfi` sfor` suls dlomimblb`s b` trlespfrtlëãf,f A`mtmc`mrf plssl l s`r clplz b` trlespfrtlr futrls p`ssfls cfesmkf. R`frmclgèt`, feúg`rf b` p`ssfls qu` pfb`g s`r trlespfrtlbls b` ugl só v`z í mkuli l sul Afrël b`

Qfetlb` lf custf b` 3 pfetfs b` Glel, gls tfbls ìls têg b` `stlr l, ef gìxmgf, 0g`trfs bf tì`pfrt`r plrl qu` `st` pfb`r auecmfe`. L trlespfrtlëãf í ug tletfb`slkrlbìvì plrl quliqu`r s`r eãf tì`pfrt`r. B` altf, ìl cd`kl l s`r ltfrbflet`, quls`s`gpr` ugl sèslëãf b` eìus`l ` b` b`s`qumiçormf ` cfeausãf efs s`kuebfs qu` s` plsslg lpós l tì`pfrtlëãf (ìls pfb`g t`stlr Qmkfr cfg bmamcuiblb` 1, ` clbl suc`ssfr`buz f eúg`rf turefs b` ltfrbflgètf `g ug). S` likuíg eãf b`s`jlr s`r i`vlbf pìfb`gòemf, pfb` t`stlr Afrël b` Qfetlb` (bmamcuiblb` ;) ` pr`cmslrì cfes`kumr três suc`ssfs plrl mgp`bmr s`r tì`pfrtlbf pìf A`mtmc`mrf. S` f tì`pfrt`r b`s`jlr i`vlr ug eúg`rf b` p`ssfls qu` `xc`b` l sul Afrël b` Qfetlb`, glms 3 Xfetfs b` Glel b`v`g s`r klstfs plrl clbl Afrël b` Qfetlb` p`ssfls qums`r tì`pfrtlr. FOS.: F Eçvì b` Rì`pfrt` pfb`s`r _lsklr f @splëf fu Ltrlv`sslr Xlr`b`s.

• • • • \uòrlr ls Olrr`mrls: @xmst`g gumtfs guebfs `spmrmtulms ` gçstmcfs: f Mea`ref, lPgorl, f Sfedlr, f Suoguebf bfs gfrtfs ` f próprmf guebf açsmcf, l R`rrl. PgA`mtmc`mrf qu` cfed`ël f prfc`ssf oìsmcf b` Rì`pfrt` cfes`kumrì vmljlr imvr`gèt` ètr`fs vìrmfs guebfs. @stl í dlomimblb` Rì`pfrt` `scfid` f Guebf l s`r licleëlbf, pfríg, ímeclplz b` bàmemr cfg `xltmbãf, l ifclimzlëãf `sp`cçamcl bf guebf l s`r licleëlbf.Lbmcmfeligèt`, < pfetf b` Glel. @ssl í ugl bls dlomimblb`s glms cfomëlbls ètr` fstì`pfrt`rs qu` `stublg futrfs guebfs. FOS.: F prmecçpmf b` Rì`pfrt` `g Glssl, pfb`s`r utmimzlbf, i`vlebf vìrmls p`ssfls plrl futrfs guebfs juetlget` cfg f A`mtmc`mrf.• • • • • Lormr Xfrtlms: Gumtfs jì fuvmrlg alilr `g Xfrtlms, plsslkès gçstmcls qu` imklgbfms pfetfs ` qu` quliqu`r ug qu` ltrlv`ssì-ifs vmljlrì mestletle`lgèt`. Cfg `st`

pfb`r, f A`mtmc`mrf plssl l s`r clplz b` crmlr pfrtlms b` curtl burlëãf. Xfrtlms s`glema`stlg b` afrgl bma`rèt` b` lcfrbf cfg f tì`pfrt`r qu` f crmfu. Likues pfrtlms plr`c`g vórtmc`s b` è`rkml aiutulet`, futrfs sãf lplr`c`g cfgf p`quèls febuilëð`sef lr, quls` mgp`rc`ptçv`ms. Lssmg sèbf, ì`s pfb`g s`r cfe`ctlbfs l quliqu`r plrt` bfguebf `g qu` afm crmlbf, burlebf pfr suc`ssfs gmeutfs ` pfbèbf s`r ltrlv`sslbf pfrquliqu`r ug. Xfríg, cfg ug custf lbmcmfeli b` ? pfetfs b` Glel, f prmecçpmf b`\uòrlr Olrr`mrls pfb` s`r lpimclbf l `ss` ècletlgètf.

R_LESGPRLËÃF L Rrlesgutlëãf í ug bfs clgmedfs glms v`rsìt`ms ` pfb`rfsfs qu` `xmst`g.

Rlgoíg bèfgmelbf cfgf Liqumgml, l Rrlesgutlëãf cfesmst` el cfgpr`èsãf,b`cfgpfsmëãf ` r`cfgpfsmëãf bl gltírml, s`jl ìl frkïemcl fu mefrkïemcl. Cfetubf, b`

gle`mrl eèdugl ìl í fempftèt`, sèbf mgpfssçvì prfbuzmr likf l plrtmr bf elbl.L eltur`zl bl Rrlesgutlëãf, pfrtletf, í qu` s` likuíg qu`r fot`r likf, t`rì qu` plklr ug pr`ëf `qumvlièt`. @ `ss` prmecçpmf í cdlglbf b` ’I`m bl Rrfcl @qumvlièt`‗.Xfríg, `xmst` ug tlou qu` jlglms b`v` s`r quòrlbf: Rrlesgutlëãf Duglel.R`st`: Metìmkêecml / _lcmfcçemf + Fcuitmsgf (bmamcuiblb` í f eçvì bf foj`tf l s`r crmlbf+2). F p`rsfelk`g pfb` suostmtumr Fcuitmsgf pìf Cfed`cmgètf Liqumgml fu G`bmcmel(clsf s`jlg cfgpfstfs frkïemcfs ` vmvèt`s), f qu` bmgmeum l bmamcuiblb` `g <.Klstfs: Clbl crmlëãf `xmk` f klstf b` ug pfetf b` Glel.Smst`gl: F eçvì bf pfb`r uslbf b`t`rgmel l burlëãf bl gltírml trlesgutlbl. Í pfssçvìtlgoíg uslr f eçvì bfms plrl tfrelr quliqu`r foj`tf p`rgleèt`. Foj`tfs trlesgutlbfss`gpr` surk`g lf liclec` bls gãfs bf p`rsfelk`g, ` fovmlgèt` eãf pfb`g s`rmevfclbfs feb` eãf dljl gltírml (bf elbl), fu è bmstïecml, b`vèbf s`r tfclbf pìfA`mtmc`mrf, s`jl bmr`tl fu mebmr`tlgèt`.

• Rrlesgutlëãf Oìsmcl: Liíg b` pfssumr l clplcmblb` b` lvlimlëãf X_@CMSL b`quliqu`r cfgpfeèt` glt`rmli, f A`mtmc`mrf t`g f pfb`r b` trlesgutlr ugl suostïecmlquliqu`r, s`g lit`rlr l sul afrgl, t`gp`rlturl fu `stlbf oìsmcf. F foj`tf lpèls lbqumrùgl efvl cfgpfsmëãf, cfeafrg` l vfetlb` bf A`mtmc`mrf, qu` `stì imgmtlbf l trlesgutlrsuostïecmls dfgfkêe`ls (trlesafrglr ug p`blëf b` glb`mrl `g ug oifcf b` p`brl, futrlesafrglr ìkul `g vmedf). Lpèls afrgls smgpi`s ` me`rt`s pfb`g s`r crmlbls, pfríg,í pfssçvì alz`r afku`mrl cfg l glb`mrl qu` afm trlesgutlbl l plrtmr b` ug oifcf b`cfecr`tf. Glt`rmlms rlrfs sãf glms bmaçc`ms b` s`r`g crmlbfs, pfssumebf f bforf blbmamcuiblb`. Burl lpèls ug turef pfr suc`ssf ef t`st` b` Rrlesgutlëãf.



• • Lit`rlr Afrgls: Pslebf `st` pfb`r, f A`mtmc`mrf pfb` tfrelr suls trlesgutlëð`s oìsmcls p`rgleèt`s. Xlrl mssf, ì` b`v` klstlr cmecf pfetfs b` Glel lf r`limzlr lRrlesgutlëãf Oìsmcl. Liíg bmssf, pfr glms qu` l gltírml s`jl r`smstèt`, ìl eãf í glmsmevmfiìvì plrl f A`mtmc`mrf cfg `ss` eçvì, pfbèbf s`r r`gfbìlbl cfgf f b`s`jlbf. FA`mtmc`mrf lbqumr` f pfb`r b` gfbìlr gmstmclgèt` l gltírml, lit`rlebf l sul afrgl, fultí cfgprgmebf fu `stmclebf c`rtfs ì`gètfs b` suls prfprm`blb`s glt`rmlms. Cfgf sèãf olstlss`, f A`mtmc`mrf pfb` tlgoíg, lugètlr l bèsmblb`, bmsp`rlr cfgf kìs fulpèls lit`rlr l smidu`tl bf foj`tf (cfgf foj`tfs quòrlbfs, qu` pfb`g s`r rùembfs `cfes`rtlbfs, fu pfb`g s`r s`plrlbfs `g plrt`s ` trlesafrglbfs `g futrfs foj`tfs cfgcfgpfsmëð`s gmstls). Clsf eãf cfesugl 2 Xfetfs b` Glel, l lit`rlëãf burl ? turefs plrl

clbl suc`ssf el glkml (cumblbf plrl ugl suostïecml içqumbl mek`rmbl, eãf vfit` l s`tfrelr ugl cfgpfsmëãf sóimbl, b`pfms bf tírgmef bf à`mtf).• • • Rrlesgutlëãf Cfgpi`xl: Lf s`plrlr fs ì`gètfs `sp`cçamcfs b` glt`rmlmscfgpfstfs, f prfc`ssf b` r`cfgpfsmëãf bl Liqumgml, alz tftli sètmbf plrl f A`mtmc`mrf, ftfrelebf clplz b` r`cfestrumr cfgpfeèt`s rlrfs fu cfgpimclbfs, fu ltí g`sgf `gvìrmls p`ëls meb`pèbèt`s b` glt`rmlms bmstmetfs. Cfg f cfed`cmgètf gueblebfe`c`ssìrmf (Façcmfs, G`bmcmel, Cfgputlbfr, R`cefifkml, `tc.), f A`mtmc`mtf pfbàlcmigèt` crmlr èkrèlkès, cdmps, `tc. Fu alz`r f fpfstf, trlesgutlebf `qumplgètfsvlimfsfs `g imxf meútmi. F eçvì b` b`tlidlgètf ` b` cfgpi`xmblb` pfb` lugètlr lbmamcuiblb` bl glkml. L plrtmr b`ss` eçvì, f klstl-s` 3 b` Glel plrl p`rgleêecml.• • • • Lit`rlr Xrfprm`blb`s: Cfg `ss` eçvì, l cfgpr`èsãf, b`cfgpfsmëãf `r`cfgpfsmëãf bl gltírml jì s` tfrefu plrl f A`mtmc`mrf, likf elturli cfgf r`spmrlr.X`rgmt` qu` s`jlg b`cfgpfstfs fu r`cfestrumbfs, s`kgètfs mebmvmbulms ` p`cuimlr`s

(p`rsfelimzlbfs fu eãf) bfs cfgpfeèt`s glt`rmlms, b` lcfrbf cfg f b`s`jf bfliqumgmstl. Lf mevís b` crmlr ì`gètfs oìsmcfs fu foj`tfs b` glt`rmlms cfgomelbfs, fA`mtmc`mrf í clplz b` gfiblr ì`gètfs cfgpi`tlgèt` efvfs fu me`xmstèt`s, bàmemebfls suls prfprm`blb`s açsmcls cfgf b`s`jlr, cfgf pfr `x`gpif, trlesgutlr gltírml efrgli plrl qu` `stl tèdl pfetf b` òuimëãf, ausãf, krlvmblb` fu trlesplrêecml bma`rèt`s.Lssmg sèbf, f A`mtmc`mrf í clplz b` crmlr foj`tfs cfg glssl, bèsmblb` ` vmscfsmblb`b`t`rgmelbls pfr sùs clprmcdfs, meb`pèbèt` bls i`ms açsmcls efrglms. Ef ètletf, lsclrlct`rçstmcls sãf la`tlbls efrgligèt`, b`pfms b` crmlbls (ug clrrf b` glet`mkl pfb`s`r b`rr`tmbf pìf sfi. Gls s` crmlr ug pfetf b` r`smstêecml lf sfi, `ss` g`sgf clrrf eãf pfb` s`r uslbf cfgf limgètf, tli cfgf l glet`mkl í uslbl, `tc.)• • • • • X`brl Amifsfali: E`st` úitmgf eçvì, í pfssçvì crmlr foj`tfs b` gle`mrlcfetrlbmtórml ès i`ms bl trfcl `qumvlièt`, sèbf `st` f sfedf b` tfbfs fs liqumgmstls, qu`bmz`g qu` mssf só í pfssçvì crmlebf l X`brl Amifsfali. Lssmg sèbf, f A`mtmc`mrf G`str`

`g Rrlesgutlëãf, pfb` crmlr foj`tfs ` vmbl l plrtmr bf elbl. Lp`slr bl mglkmelëãf s`r fúemcf imgmt` plrl f A`mtmc`mrf, f cfed`cmgètf gueblebf í `xtr`glgèt` e`c`ssìrmf,lssmg cfgf f cfed`cmgètf b` tfbfs fs cfgpfeèt`s qu` cfestmtu`g f glt`rmli l s`rcrmlbf. F klstf b` Glel í bmr`tlgèt` rìlcmfelbf cfg f foj`tf l s`r crmlbf, s`jl ef qu`cfesmst` l glssl, tlgledf, cfgpi`xmblb`s ` b`tlid`s (è crmtírmf bf G`str`). @ss`clgmedf í tliv`z, f qu` glms s` lprfxmgl bl glkml b`sp`rtl, pìl klgl b` pfssmomimblb`scfg ug à`mtf `sp`cçamcf b` trlesgutlëãf.FOS.: F Clgmedf bl Rrlesgutlëãf, eãf pfb` s`r f Clgmedf Xrmgìrmf.

Q@@GÊECMLIèbls cfetlg qu` fs ku`rr`mrfs sãf clplz`s b` èarètlr ug `xírcmtf, qu` sul

afrël í sforèlturli ` qu` f A`mtmc`mrf eãf pfssum `ssls lptmbð`s pfr s`r`g afrt`sgètligèt`, pfríg, arlcfs amsmclgèt`.

@gofrl f sètmbf kè`rlimzlbf `st`jl ’cfrr`tf‗, `xmst`g, í cilrf, `xc`ëð`s. Xfms

f Clgmedf bl Q``gêecml í ug bfs glms t`rrçv`ms ` mecfgues qu` s` pfb` mglkmelr.Cilrf qu` ug A`mtmc`mrf uslebf Afkf E`krf í lplvfrlet`, gls tãf lt`rrfrmzlet` quletf ív`r ug mebçvçbuf b` afrël kmklet`scl s` lprfxmglr, r`smstmebf l qulmsqu`r blefs qu` sfar`cfgf s` elbl f ltmekmss`. @ glms lmebl, slo`r qu` `ssl g`sgl crmlturl dì pfucfb`sg`gorfu p`ssfls uslebf lpèls ls gãfs.

Q``gêecml í ug pfb`r açsmcf, ` cfea`r` lf A`mtmc`mrf ls ièbìrmls afrël `r`smstêecml sforèlturlms. Glms mgpr`ssmfelet`, í mgpfssçvì slo`r s` ug A`mtmc`mrfv``gèt` `stì fu eãf uslebf `st` pfb`r lpèls fos`rvlebf-f, pfms `ts` Clgmedf eãflit`rl l afrgl bf cfrpf bf A`mtmc`mrf. Lquì`s qu` pfb`g sètmr è`rkmls eftlg qu` `gvfitl bf A`mtmc`mrf f sù cfrpf amcl vmorlet` cfgf à`mtf cfilt`rli lf ltmvlr `st` pfb`r.R`st`s: Eãf í e`c`ssìrmf eèdug t`st`. Lpèls f klstf b` Glel.Klstfs: A`mtmc`mrfs `vmtlg uslr `st` pfb`r pfrqu` ì` r`qu`r gumtl è`rkml plrl s`ruslbf. Xfr futrf ilbf, qulebf l smtulëãf r`qu`r afrël orutl, l úemcl sfiuëãf í uslr lQ``gêecml (v`jl Afrël ` _`smstêecml Sforèlturli plrl mbètmamclr fs custfs `g Glel).Smst`gl: Q``gêecml cfetrmoum plrl l Afrël ` Qmkfr bf p`rsfelk`g, b`vèbf s`r ltmvlbfcfescmèt`gèt` pìf A`mtmc`mrf. L plrtmr blç, f pfb`r amclrì ltmvf burlet` tfbl l Cèl,sugmebf fs oèàçcmfs lf tírgmef bl g`sgl. @equletf l Q``gêecml `stmv`r ’imklbl‗, fA`mcmt`mrf pfssum ls s`kumet`s vletlkès:Afrël Sforèlturli: Lf custf b` ? b` Glel, tfbfs fs t`st`s b` Afrël t`rãf ug suc`ssflutfgìtmcf plrl clbl pfetf b` Q``gêecml qu` f A`mtmc`mrf pfssum ltí f amg bl cèl. PgA`mtmc`mrf b` Afrël 2, ` Q``gêecml 3, pfr `x`gpif, t`rì Afrël 2, ` 3 suc`ssfs lbmcmfelms `lutfgìtmcfs èquletf `st` pfb`r `stmv`r lcmfelbf. Xfrtletf, f p`rsfelk`g fotíg uglglmfr prfolomimblb` b` suc`ssf el glmfrml bls alëledls açsmcls prltmclgèt` s`g le`c`ssmlb` b` ug t`st`. @g cfgolt`s cfg lrgls orlecls ` `g ormkls, fs suc`ssfslutfgìtmcfs sãf lpimclbfs ef r`suitlbf bls jfklbls b` blef. _`smstêecml Sforèlturli: Q``gêecml, qulebf imklbl l `ss` oèàçcmf lf custf b` <Xfetf b` Glel, lcr`scètl blbfs lfs t`st`s b` Losfrëãf b` Blef bf p`rsfelk`g burlet`tfbl l cèl. Xlrl clbl pfetf b` Q``gêecml qu` f A`mtmc`mrf pfssum, t`rì ug blbf l glms plrl losfrv`r Blef (s`jl ì` Cfetusãf, I`tli fu Lkrlvlbf). Pg A`mtmc`mrf cfgQ``gêecml 3, pfr `x`gpif, t`rml +3 blbfs `g sùs t`st`s b` losfrëãf b` blefs. Ef

ètletf, cfgf s`r`s duglefs eãf cfes`ku`g losfrv`r blefs i`tlms ` lkrlvlbfs cfgf sùvmkfr, clsf r`còl ltlqu`s b`ss` tmpf, só pfb`rì losfrv`r cfg fs blbfs cfea`rmbfs pfr`ss` ècletlgètf, b`gfestrlebf l mgpfrtïecml ` vlifr b`ss` Clgmedf. Jì fs blefs b`cfetusãf, qu` fs duglefs losfrv`g cfg f sù Qmkfr, t`rãf ug à`mtf quls` me`xmstèt`,tèbf `g vmstl qu` f eçvì b`ssl glkml s`rì lcr`scmbf el losfrëãf. Fos.: Bma`rèt` bÀfrël Sforèlturli, fs suc`ssfs eãf sãf lutfgìtmcfs, b`vèbf s`r t`stlbfs. Xfr mssf fcustf `g Glel í gèfr, jì qu` f oèàçcmf tlgoíg í gèfr.FOS.: Lf ltmvlr `ss` Clgmedf, f A`mtmc`mrf b`v` `sp`cmamclr qulms dlomimblb`s pr`tèb``xpifrlr, fu cfesugmr fs Xfetfs b` Glel rà`rèt`s lfs bfms oèàçcmfs smguitle`lgèt`.



Q@IFCMBLB@ GÇSRMCLQìfcmblb` Gçstmcl í f Clgmedf bl rlpmb`z ` rài`xfs sforèlturlms. A`mtmc`mrfs

qu` pfssu`g l Qìfcmblb` Gçstmcl sãf clplz`s b` s` ifcfgfv`r cfg cì`rmblb` mecrçv`ms.Xlrl lquì`s qu` fs fos`rvlg, f A`mtmc`mrf plr`c` cfgf ug ofrrãf, gfvèbf-s` tãfrìpmbf qu` í bmaçcmi p`rcò`-if. Xlrl f A`mtmc`mrf, í cfgf s` f guebf afss` glms iètf, `ls p`ssfls glms i`rbls. L vìfcmblb` cfea`rmbl pfr `st` pfb`r p`rgmt` lf X`rsfelk`gr`limzlr lëð`s mgpr`ssmfelet`s, cfgf p`rs`kumr ug clrrf l pí fu iutlr cfetrl bmv`rsfsmemgmkfs b` ugl só v`z.R`st`s: Eãf í e`c`ssìrmf eèdug t`st`. Lpèls f klstf b` Glel.Klstfs: Meaìmzgèt`, `st` pfb`r t`g sù pr`ëf: è`rkml. Xlrl clbl utmimzlëãf, cfesfg`-s` ? Xfetfs b` Glel.Smst`gl: Clbl pfetf qu` f A`mtmc`mrf pfssum `g Qìfcmblb` Gçstmcl bì l ì` ugl lëãfaçsmcl `xtrl `g ug turef. @st` Clgmedf, lssmg cfgf fs b`glms, pfb` vlrmlr ètr` eçv`ms <` 0, ` pfrtletf ug A`mtmc`mrf cfg Qìfcmblb` Gçstmcl pfb` lkmr ètr` buls ` s`ms v`z`s`g ug g`sgf turef, b` lcfrbf cfg sù eçvì glms l lëãf plbrãf qu` tfbf p`rsfelk`gr`cò`. F qu` ì` alz cfg `ssls lëð`s í `scfidl bf jfklbfr: ì` pfb` klstlr ugl lëãfmet`mrl cfrrèbf plrl s` lprfxmglr b` ug memgmkf ` ètãf futrls buls lëð`s plrl iutlrcfg ì`, pfr `x`gpif. Xfríg, ls lëð`s `xtrls b`v`g s`r açsmcls, jlglms pfbèbf utmimzlrvìrmls met`rlëð`s sfcmlms `g ug úemcf turef, fu i`r <.888 pìkmels l clbl 3 s`kuebfs.

FPR_FS CLGMEDFS@xmst`g gumtfs ` gumtfs futrfs Clgmedfs liíg bfs gfstrlbfs let`rmfrgèt`.

Gumtfs a`mtmc`mrfs uslg Clgmedfs bma`rèt`s sèbf pfssçvì meciusmv`, crmlr ug efvfclgmedf jlglms vmstf.Xlrl crmlr futrfs clgmedfs, b`v` cfesuitlr f G`str`, lbmcmfelebf b`tlid`s,

cfec`mtfs ` iókmcl, b` gfbf l alcmimtlr, fu tfrelr pfssçvì l lblptlëãf.

A@MRMËL_ML @ FS SFO_@ELRP_LMSA`mtmëlrml í ugl lrt` crmlbl pfr gfrtlms ` plrl gfrtlms, gls mstf eãf qu`r bmz`r

qu` pfsslg s`r fs úemcfs l usì-il. Likues s`r`s sforèlturlms pfb`g lprèbê-il ` usì-il,`gofrl futrfs eãf tèdlg l g`sgl clplcmblb`.

CLËLBF_@S Clëlbfr`s, tletf fs Mgouçbfs cfg pfb`r`s cfgf fs tftligèt` gfrtlms, pfb`g lprèb`r

a`mtmëlrml. Xfucfs clëlbfr`s s` met`r`sslg pfr mssf, pfms l glmfrml cfesmb`rl l a`mtmëlrmlug pfb`r b`gfeçlcf. Liíg bmssf, f `stubf rmkfrfsf qu` l a`mtmëlrml `xmk` alz cfg qu`gumtfs clëlbfr`s eãf tèdlg met`r`ss` e`g t`gpf plrl lprèbê-il.

B@GÒEMFS @ C@I@SRMLMS E`g b`gòemfs e`g lejfs pfb`g lprèb`r a`mtmëlrml `stìtmcl. @i`s pfb`g,

pfríg, lprèb`r c`rtfs ècletlgètfs ` rmtulms gèfr`s, gls `stl afrgl b` glkml`stìtmcl í lmebl glms arlcl qu` l a`mtmëlrml.

ALBLS Cdlekìmeks eãf pfb`g lprèb`r a`mtmëlrml, pfr ug gftmvf gumtf smgpi`s: í ugl

prìtmcl oleli. L a`mtmëlrml s` ols`ml `g rmtulms rçkmbfs, qu` b`v`g s`r s`gpr` a`mtfs blg`sgl afrgl, uslebf ls g`sgls r`krls, mgp`bmebf vlrmlëð`s ` mgprfvmslëð`s. @ssl prìtmcl í mgpfssçvì plrl Cdlekìmeks.

ALERLSGLS (Lplrmëð`s) Pg aletlsgl í meclplz b` lprèb`r sul a`mtmëlrml, pfríg, ug a`mtmc`mrf qu`

gfrrl ` s` tfre` ugl lplrmëãf pfb` utmimzlr sù cfed`cmgètf `g a`mtmëlrml plrlb`sèvfiv`r fs Lrclefm.

IFOMSFG@ES (` futrfs G`tlgfrafs)Xfr glms `strledf qu` plr`ël, ifomsfgès ` futrfs G`tlgfrafs sãf clplz`s b`

lprèb`r a`mtmëlrml. Lp`slr bmssf, pfucfs slo`g bmssf, ` gèfs lmebl s` met`r`sslg `glprèb`r `ss`s truqu`s duglefs. Ef amg bls cfetls, fs Bfes ` _mtulms sãf gumtf glmsàmclz`s qu` l a`mtmëlrml duglel, tfrelebf-l quls` meútmi plrl ug G`tlgfraf.

@etr` fs G`tlgfrafs, lpèls lquì`s r`ligèt` b`bmclbfs ` curmfsfs s` b`bmclgl lprèb`r a`mtmëlrml. @etr` ì`s `stãf likues Pntèl ` Elkld. @etr` fs Olst`t, lpèls lsRrmofs bfs Ouolstm, C`mimcle ` \uligm têg met`r`ss` el glkml duglel. Liíg bmssf,likues Nmtsue` lprèb`g `ssl afrgl b` glkml. Afrl `ss`s p`quèfs krupfs, prltmclgètèèdug G`tlgfraf p`rb` t`gpf cfg truqu`s tãf smgpi`s...

@g t`rgfs b` r`krls, ug G`tlgfraf qu` lprèbl a`mtmëlrml pfb` klstlr Kefs` lf

mevís b` Glel plrl ltmvlr c`rtls dlomimblb`s. Liíg bmssf, f Clgmedf bf Cfsgf r`pð` sulKefs` lf mevís b` blr pfetfs b` Glel.

GLKFS Glkfs Q`rblb`mrfs sãf meclplz`s b` lprèb`r a`mtmëlrml. Eft` o`g qu` fs

Lvltlr`s b`sp`rtfs bãf dlomimblb`s gumtf glms pftèt`s ` vlrmlbls, sèbf meclplz`s b`ètèb`r cfec`mtfs tãf imgmtlbfs quletf a`mtmëlrml. Xfr futrf ilbf, ug glkf qu` `stubà`mtmëlrml b` ug plrlbmkgl ` `stmif plr`cmbf pfb` usl-il cfgf ols` plrl b`sèvfiv`r sùs próprmfs dfrmzfet`s ` lssmg lugètlr s u Lr`t` ` @sa`rls, gls mssf í gumtf rlrf.**A@MRMC@M_FS XFB@G B@SX@_RL_6

A`mtmc`mrfs sãf gfrtlms, ` cfgf tli têg l pfssmomimblb` b` B`sp`rtlr (mssf eãfmecium, fovmlgèt`, s`r`s sforèlturlms qu` lprèblg a`mtmëlrml). Gls `ssl pfssmomimblbè`g s`gpr` s` r`limzl, pfríg. F B`sp`rtlr í qulebf fs imgmt`s bl cfescmêecml bf gfrtli

s` `xpleb`g, s`jl pfr trlugls fu pfr ugl cfescmètmzlëãf prfauebl. L a`mtmëlrml, pfríg,imgmtl. Xfr glms próxmgf bf B`sp`rtlr qu` ug a`mtmc`mrf `st`jl ì` lcr`bmtl qu` cd`kfu lfsù imgmt`, ` mssf í `xltlgèt` f qu` f mgp`b` b` s` tfrelr ug glkf v`rblb`mrf. Lquì`sa`mtmc`mrfs qu` r`ligèt` B`sp`rtlg, pfríg, p`rb`g mg`bmltlgèt` sul glkml. Lp`slrbmssf, cfg tfbf f cfed`cmgètf qu` lbqumrmrlg, ì`s cfstuglg s` lblptlr rlpmblgèt`,`gofrl i`v` likug t`gpf plrl cfgpr`èb`r qu` suls glkml eãf í glms imgmtlbl quletflet`s. È crmtírmf bf Elrrlbfr, ug a`mtmc`mrf qu` B`sp`rt` pfb` jì lbqumrmr ug Lr`t` glmslitf (gls eãf glmfr bf qu` três) ` jì pfssumrì likues pfetfs `g @sa`rls, efrgligèt`lquìls leìifkls lfs Clgmedfs qu` f a`mtmc`mrf pfssuçl.



GÚGMLS Gúgmls pfb`g ` ar`qùèt`gèt` lprèb`g a`mtmëlrml. F próprmf D`nlu

prltmclbf pfr ìls í ugl afrgl b` a`mtmëlrml `stìtmcl, qu` utmimzl ècletlgètfs ` rmtulms `s` b`sèvfiv` `g Clgmedfs `sp`cçamcfs. Gúgmls pfb`g uslr S`nd`g plrl lolst`c`ra`mtmëfs, lf mevís b` Glel.

QLGXM_FSGumtfs vlgpmrfs jì tètlrlg lprèb`r a`mtmëlrml, gls meaìmzgèt` eãf afrlg

clplz`s. L a`mtmëlrml imbl `g glempuilr ls è`rkmls bf guebf vmvf. Fs cfrpfs gfrtfs `lglibmëflbfs bfs vlgpmrfs sãf meclplz`s b` la`tlr f guebf b`stl afrgl. Xfr futrf ilbf,`ss`s g`sgfs vlgpmrfs qu` `stublrlg a`mtmëlrml b`scformrlg qu` ìl í mecrmvìgèt` plr`cmbl cfg Rluglturkml.

L v`rblb` í qu` a`mtmëlrml ` Rluglturkml ols`mlg-s` efs g`sgfs prmecçpmfs,cfg l bma`rèël qu` l Rluglturkml vlgpçrmcl clelimzl ls è`rkmls gçstmcls bf sleku`, èãf bf guebf.

Qlgpmrfs qu` `stub`g a`mtmëlrml pfb`g t`r c`rtl alcmimblb` plrl lprèb`rRluglturkml, gls jlglms pfb`rãf lprèb`r a`mtmëlrml v`rblb`mrl. Bl g`sgl afrgl,gumtfs a`mtmc`mrfs qu` s` tfrelg vlgpmrfs p`rb`g sùs pfb`r`s, gls lclolgb`sèvfivèbf Rluglturkml quls` qu` elturligèt`.**LO_LËF, B@SX@_RL_ @ GF_R@

F qu` lcfet`c` s` sù a`mtmc`mrf í Lorlëlbf, B`sp`rtl fu gfrr`6 @i`smgpi`sgèt` p`rb` tubf6 Smg, l a`mtmëlrml s` vlm, gls f cfed`cmgètf p`rgle`c`. F `x-a`mtmc`mrf í meclplz b` uslr sul letmkl glkml, gls pfb` uslr sù cfed`cmgètf plrlb`sèvfiv`r efvfs pfb`r`s.

C_MLEBF A@MRMC@M_FSPes pfucfs gfrtlms plr`c`g slo`r uslr fs mgpr`vmsçv`ms pfb`r`s bl glkml,

lit`rlebf sutmigèt` fu tfrcèbf lfs pfucfs lqumif qu` s` `stloì`cù cfgf sèbf lr`limblb`. G`sgf lssmg, ì`s eãf pfb`g s`r cdlglbfs b` ’B`sp`rtfs‗, pfms sùs pfb`r`s

sãf `stìtmcfs, r`strmtfs l aórguils ` r`c`mtls pr`cmsls, bfgmelbfs ltrlvís b` gumtf `stubf, prìtmcl ` p`squmsl. Xfr mssf, eãf s` èqulbrlg ef bmelgmsgf bl Gìkmnl Q`rblb`mrl.

B`sb` f xlgã b` ugl trmof lofrçkè` bl Lustrìiml, ltí f ì`klet` gìkmcf b` IlsQ`kls, tfbfs pfb`g s`r ug A`mtmc`mrf (ètr` gumtfs qu` s` utmimzlg b` truqu`s,dmpeftmsgf ` suk`stð`s plrl s` plsslr pfr sèdfr`s bf sforèlturli).

Pg v`rblb`mrf A`mtmc`mrf, í d`rb`mrf b` ugl trlbmëãf, plsslbl b` plm plrl amidf,

fu b` g`str` plrl lprèbmz, qu` b`bmcl l sul vmbl lf `stubf Lrclef.F qu` gftmvl ug A`mtmc`mrf6 Gumtl cfmsl. Ousclr glms pfb`r bètrf bf sù

cfec`mtf b` A`mtmëlrml, ljublr lf próxmgf, l sm g`sgf, fu smgpi`sgèt` curmfsmblb` b`slo`r f qu` s` plssl pìf guebf lafrl. B`scformr l Q`rblb`.

Pg p`rsfelk`g A`mtmc`mrf í crmlbf prltmclgèt` cfg ls g`sgls r`krls uslbls plrl gfrtlms cfgues (Qlgpmrf: L Gìsclrl> Qlgpmrf: Kuml bf Jfklbfr> Qlgpmrf: FsClëlbfr`s Clëlbfs> ` r`strmtlgèt`, Glkf: L Lscèsãf). Fs p`rsfelkès s`ku`g fsg`sgfs plssfs, gls cfg vlifr`s ug pfucf bma`rèt`s.

LQMSF: Lpèls Gfrtlms, Clremëlms ` Xlrèt`s pfb`g s`r A`mtmc`mrfs. Sùs pfb`r`s sãf tftligèt` prfmombfs plrl qulmsqu`r futrls crmlturls sforèlturlms.

Lolmxf, s`ku` ug gfbìf smgpi`s plrl l bmstrmoumëãf b` pfetfs plrl l crmlëãfb` p`rsfelkès A`mtmc`mrfs:LR_MOPRFS: Bmstrmoul 1/2/3.DLOMIMBLB@S: Bmstrmoul <</;/2.LER@C@B@ER@S: Bmstrmoul 0 pfetfs.CLGMEDFS: Bmstrmoul 0 pfetfs, ` `scfidl sù Clgmedf Xrmgìrmf.AF_ËL B@ QFERLB@: A`mtmc`mrfs cfg`ëlg cfg 0 pfetfs b` Afrël b` Qfetlb`.GLEL: A`mtmc`mrfs cfg`ëlg cfg 3 pfetfs b` Glel, pfms tfbf s`r vmvf pfssum `sslè`rkml bètrf b` sm.

XFERFS B@ OÒEPS: A`mtmc`mrfs pfssu`g ?< Xfetfs b` Oòeus ` ; Xfetfs b` Bà`mtfs.

Clrlct`rçstmcl Custf g Xfetfs b` Oòeus Ltrmoutf 0Dlomimblb`s ?Let`c`bèt`s <Clgmedfs ;Afrël b` Qfetlb` <Glel <

LER@C@B@ER@S XL_L A@MRMC@M_FSFs A`mtmc`mrfs pfb`g pfssumr fs s`kumet`s Let`c`bèt`s, pfríg, f Elrrlbfr

pfb` p`rgmtmr futrfs s` lcdlr lprfprmlbf:-Limlbfs (Rfbfs)>-Lrtàltf (Glkf: L Lscèsãf)>-Lrcleug (Glkf: L Lscèsãf)>-Omoimft`cl (Glkf: L Lscèsãf)>-Cfetltfs (Rfbfs)>-B`stmef (Glkf: L Lscèsãf)>-Algl (Qlgpmrf: L Gìsclrl)>-Algmimlr (Glkf: L Lscèsãf)>-Meaiuêecml (Qlgpmrf: L Gìsclrl ` Glkf: L Lscèsãf)>-Ilclmfs (Qlgpmrf: L Gìsclrl)>

-Gètfr (Qlgpmrf: L Gìsclrl ` Glkf: L Lscèsãf)>- Efbf (Glkf: L Ls`sesãf)>-_`cursfs (Rfbfs)>-_`putlëãf (Fs Clëlbfr`s Clëlbfs).Fos.: Cfesuit` f G`str` plrl slo`r qulms ls \ulimblb`s ` Bà`mtfs p`rgmtmbfs.

\PLIMBLB@ @ B@A@MRFS XL_L A@MRMC@M_FSFs A`mtmc`mrfs pfb`g uslr tfbfs fs imvrfs bl [dmt` [fia, liíg b` supi`gètfs

eãf-famcmlms cfgf ]u]u Dlnusdf plrl lbqumrmr \ulimblb`s ` Bà`mtfs burlet` l crmlëãfb` p`rsfelk`g, pfríg, f Elrrlbfr pfb` eãf p`rgmtmr likugls b`vmbf l alitl b` cfe`xãfcfg A`mtmc`mrfs.



GLEL F Glel í ugl Clrlct`rçstmcl `xciusmvl plrl s` jfklr A`mtmc`mrf. Auecmfel b`

gle`mrl smgmilr l Afrël b` Qfetlb`, tèbf ug eçvì p`rgleèt` ` ug t`gpfrìrmf. Feúg`rf gìxmgf b` Xfetfs b` Glel qu` f p`rsfelk`g pfb` r`lolst`c`r í mkuli lf sùeçvì p`rgleèt`, pfríg, pfb`-s` lrglzèlr lcmgl bmssf. F a`mtmc`mrf lprèb` `ssldlomimblb` let`s g`sgf b` b`scformr qu` í ug a`mtmc`mrf ` lprèb`r l r`limzlr a`mtmëfs,cfesugmebf Glel mestmetmvlgèt`, cfg`ëlebf cfg 3 b` Glel p`rgleèt`.

Glel pfb` s`r lugètlbf cfg Xfetfs b` @xp`rmêecml, pfbèbf s`r lugètlbflcmgl bf eçvì <8. F a`mtmc`mrf pr`cmsl lolst`c`r fs sùs a`mtmëfs cfg Glel, pfríg, pfb``scfid`r uslr Afrël b` Qfetlb` lf mevís b` Glel plrl ltmvlr a`mtmëfs (gls lpèls plrla`mtmëfs. @i` eãf pfb` klstlr Glel plrl kledlr lëð`s `xtrls, r`smstmr pfb`r`s gètlms fu plrl futrfs usfs b` Afrël b` Qfetlb`).

Pg A`mtmc`mrf r`cup`rl Glel bls s`kumet`s gle`mrls:* _`cup`rl-s` ug Xfetf b` Glel pfr bml b` b`sclesf.* Ltrlvís b` g`bmtlëãf prfauebl. F a`mtmc`mrf t`stl Metìmkêecml + G`bmtlëãf (bmamcuiblb`4). Clbl suc`ssf f gletíg `g trles` pfr ugl dfrl, ` f alz r`cup`rlr ug Xfetf b` Glel.S` afr met`rrfgpmbf, ì` eãf r`cup`rl eèdug pfetf.* F A`mtmc`mrf pfb` uslr sul próprml è`rkml vmtli plrl kledlr Glel. @i` cfev`rt` ug Eçvì b` Qmtlimblb` (cfesmb`rl-s` `ss` Blef cfgf sèbf pfr Cfetusãf) `g ug Xfetf b`Glel, l ug rmtgf b` ug pfetf pfr turef.* Lkmimzl fs @ecletlgètfs plrl qu` f à`mtf fcfrrl mg`bmltlgèt`, cfg f smst`gl b`ltmvlëãf lpós ? turefs (Bmamcuiblb` efrgli).

@TX@_MÊECMLL g`bmbl qu` l cròemcl clgmedl, f A`mtmc`mrf lcuguil cfed`cmgètfs cdlglbfs

b` @xp`rmêecml, fu ’Tp‗. @ssl clrlct`rçstmcls rài`t`g f lprèbmzlbf, `vfiuëãf ` b`scfo`rtls bf

p`rsfelk`g, s`jl ltrlvís b` vmvêecml, `stubf, miugmelëãf, `tc.Lssmg sèbf, f p`rsfelk`g vlm kledlebf pfetfs lf ameli b` clbl s`ssãf b`

jfkf, fu ltí g`sgf burlet` l s`ssãf, pfbèbf lugètlr fs sùs pfetfs b` p`rsfelkès,s` tfrelebf glms afrt`, dìomi ` pfb`rfsf.

F vlifr b` clbl pfetf b` `xp`rmêecml vlrml b` ugl clrlct`rçstmcl l futrl. Efètletf, f plbrãf b` bmstrmoumëãf b` pfetfs, gletíg ls r`krls bf smst`gl Stfrytìi`r, bl[dmt` [fia, b`scrmtf lolmxf:

Clrlct`rçstmcl Custf g Xfetfs b` Tp Ltrmoutf Eçvì x2Efvl Dlomimblb` 3Dlomimblb`s Eçvì x?Efvf Clgmedf <8Clgmedf Xrmgìrmf Eçvì x0Clgmedfs S`cuebìrmfs Eçvì x;Afrël b` Qfetlb` EçvìGlel Eçvì

MEA@_ELIMS _MRÁ: GLKML E@K_LGlkml E`krl, fu Mea`relims _mtá, í ugl afrël cfesmb`rlvìgèt` pfb`rfsl. Pgl

afrgl b` glkml `stìtmcl, ìl í clplz b` a`mtfs lssfgorfsfs, t`gmbfs ltí g`sgf pìfsGlkfs B`sp`rtfs.

Glkml E`krl í a`mtl ltrlvís b` rmtulms. @il eãf í ugl lrt` aiuçbl, qu` pfb` s`rglempuilbl b` afrgls bma`rèt`s, cfgf l Gìkmnl, gls smg ugl bmscmpimel rmkfrfsl qu``xmk` cumblbfs plrl s` s`kumr fs rmtulms c`rtfs ` r`limzlr fs à`mtfs b`s`jlbfs.

Cfgf r`suitlbf, tfbfs fs à`mtfs b` Glkml E`krl r`qu`r`g rmtulms, k`stfs,mekr`bmèt`s, a`tmcd`s fu plilvrls b` pfb`r.

_mtulms pfb`g s`r lprèbmbfs cfg b`gòemfs, imvrfs b` glkml fu futrfsa`mtmc`mrfs e`krfs. L krleb` glmfrml bfs rmtulms sãf a`mtfs utmimzlebf-s` mekr`bmèt`s`sp`cçamcfs prìtmcls cfgpimclbls.

L F_MK@G BL GLKML E@K_LFrmkmeligèt`, l Glkml E`krl `rl lpèls ugl afrgl cfstug`mrl b` Glkml

@stìtmcl, qu` s`kuml l bmscmpimel rçkmbl `xmkmbl pfr `st` tmpf b` glkml. @il tfrefu-s`Glkml E`krl prfprmlgèt` bmtl qulebf fs A`mtmc`mrfs b`scformrlg qu` pfbmlg crmlrrmtulms sfgormfs, èvfivèbf afrëls b`gfeçlcls utmimzìv`ms pìl Glkml @stìtmcl. @ss`srmtulms e`krfs eãf pfbmlg s`r utmimzlbfs pìfs próprmfs b`gòemfs, pfríg, ` ètãf fcfed`cmgètf afm plsslbf plrl fs gfrtlms. B`stl afrgl, l Glkml E`krl prfima`rfu.

SMSR@GL B@ JFKF:

Glkml E`krl s` bmvmb` `g Rrmidls. Clbl Rrmidl kfv`rel ug lsp`ctf e`krfbma`rèt`. @xmst`g bmv`rsls Rrmidls, ètr` ìls l Rrmidl bf Cfetrfi` bls Rr`vls (qu` p`rgmt` mes`rmr è`rkmls mea`relms els sfgorls lf r`bfr), ls Cdlgls bf Mea`ref (qu` p`rgmt` crmlr Afkf Mea`reli) ` l Rrmidl bl Qmfilëãf (qu` p`rgmt` mevlbmr gèt`s), ètr`futrfs.

Clbl A`mtmc`mrf E`krf pfssum ugl Rrmidl Xrmgìrml bètrf bl Glkml E`krl, qu` íugl Rrmidl `g qu` ì` s` `sp`cmlimzfu ` pfssum glmfr alcmimblb` plrl lprèb`r sùsrmtulms. Ls b`glms Rrmidls qu` ì` cfed`c` sãf Rrmidls S`cuebìrmls, els qulms ì` pfssumcfed`cmgètf gèfr. Ls Rrmidls pfssu`g eçv`ms, qu` vlrmlg ètr` < ` 0. Ls RrmidlsS`cuebìrmls bf p`rsfelk`g jlglms pfb`g uitrlplsslr f sù eçvì el Rrmidl Xrmgìrml, pfríg, tli cfgf fs b`glms clgmedfs bl A`mtmëlrml.

_MRPLMS:

Clbl Rrmidl b` Glkml E`krl pfssum bmv`rsfs rmtulms fu prìtmcls e`c`ssìrmls plrlqu` sùs à`mtfs s`jlg r`limzlbfs. @ss`s _mtulms pfb`g s`r lprèbmbfs cfg b`gòemfs,cfg Mea`relimstls qu` prltmqu`g Glkml E`krl fu cfg fs imvrfs c`rtfs b` glkml.

C_MLEBF _MRPLMSSfgèt` A`mtmc`mrfs cfg krleb`s cfed`cmgètfs gçstmcfs (Fcuitmsgf 2) sãf

clplz`s b` crmlr efvfs _mtulms. @i`s pr`cmslg `stublr pfr likug t`gpf plrl crmlr ugrmtuli auecmfeli (Metìmkêecml + Fcuitmsgf, bmamcuiblb` í f eçvì bf rmtuli +3. ?0 suc`ssfse`c`ssìrmfs ` pìf gèfs ugl dfrl b` s`rvmëf pfr eçvì bf rmtuli). Eft` qu` b`gòemfseãf sãf clplz`s b` utmimzlr `ss`s _mtulms b` Glkml E`krl, lpèls A`mcmr`mrfs bls Rr`vls.



_mtulms têg eçv`ms, qu` vlrmlg b` < l 0. Xlrl f _mtuli pfb`r s`r uslbf, fa`mtmc`mrf pr`cmsl pfssumr l Rrmidl cfrr`tl `g eçvì glmfr fu mkuli lf eçvì bf _mtuli.

_mtulms pfb`g vlrmlr `g cfgpi`xmblb` ` t`gpf b` `x`cuëãf. Likues _mtulms`xmk`g mekr`bmèt`s cfgpi`xfs ` vìrmls dfrls b` trlolidf plrl s`r`g cfgpi`tlbfs.Futrfs `xmk`g likues s`kuebfs ` likugls plilvrls gçstmcls. F qu` mrì b`t`rgmelr lcfgpi`xmblb` ` f t`gpf b` `x`cuëãf í l Rrmidl ` f eçvì bf _mtuli._mtulms Memcmlms: Ef meçcmf b` jfkf, ug Mea`relimstl pfssum ug _mtuli plrl clbl eçvì b`Glkml E`krl qu` pfssumr. Lf lvleëlr, cfg pfetfs b` @xp`rmêecml, sùs eçv`ms, ì`lutfgltmclgèt` kledl ug _mtuli b` eçvì mkuli lf eçvì bl Rrmidl qu` s` `stìcfgprlebf.

Lprèbèbf Efvfs _mtulms: Xlrl lprèb`r ug efvf rmtuli, f Mea`relimstl pr`cmslècfetrlr f rmtuli `g likug imvrf fu b`v` lprèb`-if cfg ug g`str` (mssf pfb` meciumr fG`str` Mea`reli, s` `st` cfed`c`r f _mtuli, clsf cfetrìrmf f Mea`relimstl pr`cmslrì alz`r ug plctf plrl lprèb`-if). Lprèb`r ug efvf rmtuli custl ug pfetf b` @xp`rmêecml pfr eçvìbf _mtuli.Kledlebf _mtulms Ltrlvís b` Xlctfs: B`gòemfs pfb`g fa`r`c`r plctfs `g trfcl b`_mtulms.

R_MIDLS B@ GLKML E@K_L@xmst`g bmv`rsls Rrmidls bl Glkml E`krl. L s`kumr, `stãf likugls Rrmidls,

pfbèbf surkmr efvls burlet` f jfkf.Smst`gl: Clbl Rrmidl pfssum f g`sgf smst`gl `g rìlëãf lfs Clgmedfs bl A`mtmëlrml,cfgf t`st`s ` custfs.

CDLGLS BF MEA@_EFPgl bls Rrmidls glms trlbmcmfelms b` Glkml E`krl. Ilrklgèt` cfed`cmbl,

g`sgf likues a`mtmc`mrfs eãf-Mea`relimstls lclolg lprèbèbf-l, b`scfed`cèbf sulsfrmkès mea`relms. @st` pfb`r p`rgmt` lf a`mtmc`mrf crmlr Cdlgls Mea`relms.

Afkf Mea`reli í ugl cdlgl plr`cmbl cfg ls elturlms, gls ormidl cfg cfr`sgutlet`s ` vlrmlbls. @st` afkf í fovmlgèt` sforèlturli, cdlglebf gumtl ltèëãf.

F Blef bf bls Cdlgls bf Mea`ref í Lkrlvlbf ` g`sgf s`r`s cfg mguemblb` lcdlgls efrglms sãf a`rmbfs pfr ì`. Losfrv`r Afkf Mea`reli (cfesmb`rlebf qu` l crmlturl pfb` losfrv`r Blef Lkrlvlbf `g prmg`mrf iuklr) t`g bmamcuiblb` ;.

Afkf Mea`reli qu`mgl cfgf cdlgls elturlms, pfbèbf mecèbmlr foj`tfsmeailgìv`ms, gls tlgoíg pfb` s`r `xtmekumbf b` afrgls cfevècmfelms.R`st`: Glempuilëãf + Fcuitmsgf (bmamcuiblb` í f eçvì +2).

Klstf: L utmimzlëãf b`stl Rrmidl, r`qu`r f klstf b` < pfetf b` Glel pfr utmimzlëãf.Smst`gl: @stl Rrmidl í bma`rèt` pfrqu` eãf `xmk` rmtulms. Sùs à`mtfs sãf mg`bmltfs.Rubf f qu` f A`mtmc`mrf b`v` alz`r í k`stmcuilr, bmz`r ls plilvrls gçstmcls c`rtls fu pfrtlrug foj`tf qu` smrvl b` afcf plrl f afkf. F A`mtmc`mrf pfb` mecèbmlr likf `g sù clgpfb` vmsãf, bmsplrlr ugl rljlbl b` Afkf Mea`reli, crmlr afrgls b` afkf, `tc. Fs eçv`ms bÀfkfs bf Mea`ref b`t`rgmelg f Blef cluslbf pìls cdlgls ` sù tlgledf. F Blefcluslbf pfr Afkf Mea`reli bmgmeum pìl g`tlb` l clbl turef (lrr`bfeb` ls g`tlb`s plrl olmxf), ltí b`slplr`c`r lpós bfms fu três turefs. Foj`tfs mecèbmlbfs pìf pfb`r, pfríg, pfb`g cfetmeulr l qu`mglr efrgligèt`, ltí qu` likf fs lplku`. Fos.: Xlrl clbl eçvìe`ssl trmidl, f A`mtmc`mrf prfvfcl < Xfetf b` Blef Lkrlvlbf, lssmg cfgf l miustrlëãf `metèsmblb` bls cdlgls.

CFER_FI@ BLS R_@QLS@stl Rrmidl elscù dì sícuifs. R`gmbl pfr gumtfs, Cfetrfi` bls Rr`vls p`rgmt`

lf a`mtmc`mrf mes`rmr è`rkmls mea`relms els sfgorls lf r`bfr, prfbuzmebf dfrrfr`stèòrfsfs ` à`mtfs cltlstróamcfs. Ls dlomimblb`s b`stl Rrmidl só b`v`g s`r uslbls èefmt`. Fs à`mtfs crmlbfs b`slplr`c`g lf elsc`r bf sfi.R`st`: Glempuilëãf + Fcuitmsgf (bmamcuiblb` í f eçvì +2). _mtulms qu` pfssu`g eçvì 2fu sup`rmfr pfb`g `xmkmr f klstf b` glms b` < pfetf b` Glel tfbl v`z qu` sãf utmimzlbfs.Klstfs: F Cfetrfi` bls Rr`vls cfesfg` < pfetf b` Glel pfr utmimzlëãf._mtulms: Fs _mtulms b`stl trmidl r`qu`r`g mekr`bmèt`s cfgf vìls, `scurmbãf, crïemfs,sçgofifs ` ès v`z`s sleku` fu vçsc`rls. Cfstuglg s`r curtfs, burlebf lpèls likuesgmeutfs fu, `g clsfs `xtr`gfs, ugl dfrl. L burlëãf bf à`mtf vlrml. Efrgligèt` lburlëãf í b` ugl dfrl pfr suc`ssf, gls likues à`mtfs burlg tfbl l efmt`.• Cfgpr`èsãf Sfgorml: Pg a`mtmc`mrf qu` tèdl lpèls cfg`ëlbf l `xpifrlr fs pfb`r`s sfgormfs pfb` lpèls uslr ls sfgorls plrl lgpimlr l próprml p`rc`pëãf sfor` lstr`vls ` ls è`rkmls mea`relms. _mtulms meciu`g: clplcmblb` b` v`r ef `scurf, dlomimblb` b`fidlr ltrlvís b` ugl sfgorl ` v`r f qu` lcfet`c` lf r`bfr b` futrl, b`sèvfiv`r ugsètmbf gçstmcf plrl b`scformr l pr`sèël b` s`r`s cfrruptfs el ìr`l (b`gòemfs, vlgpmrfsb`kè`rlbfs, gfestrfs, crmls bl [yrg, `tc.).• • Crmlëãf b` Sfgorls: @st` eçvì p`rgmt` r`limzlr rmtulms b` crmlëãf b` sfgorls. Clblrmtuli prfbuz ug à`mtf bma`rèt`, gls likues à`mtfs pfssçv`ms sãf: crmlr sfgorls qu`ljublg f a`mtmc`mrf l s` `scfeb`r (+? `g t`st`s b` Aurtmvmblb`), tfrelr-s` mevmsçvì qulebf`scfebmbf els sfgorls, crmlr s`r`s b` sfgorl (mecfrpór`fs, gubfs ` meclplz`s b` ltlclr,gls ofes vmkmls fu ofls bmstrlëð`s), ètr` futrfs (cfesuit` f G`str`).• • • Xfb`r`s bls Sfgorls: F a`mtmc`mrf pfb` uslr fs pfb`r`s bls sfgorls plrl r`limzlrà`mtfs bmv`rsfs qu` èvfiv`g `scurmbãf. _mtulms meciu`g: vmljlr ètrlebf `g uglsfgorl ` `g`rkmebf `g futrl, p`rgmtmr auebmr-s` ès sfgorls èquletf `stmv`r mgóvì,crmlr ugl lrgl b` sfgorls (s`gpr` lrgls orlecls, euecl lrgls b` liclec` ifekf, glscluslg Blefs Lkrlvlbfs), uslr l `scurmbãf plrl c`klr ugl p`ssfl, `scur`c`r ugl ìr`l,crmlr ugl ’eívfl‗ b` `scurmbãf. • • • • Cfrpfs Sfgormfs: F a`mtmc`mrf pfb` lkfrl r`limzlr rmtulms glms cfgpi`xfs ` pfb`rfsfs, qu` bãf vmbl ès sfgorls. @ss`s rmtulms sãf gumtf b`gfrlbfs, i`vlebf ltí ugldfrl plrl s`r`g r`limzlbfs. Rfbfs p`rgmt`g lf a`mtmc`mrf crmlr s`r`s b` sfgorls. _mtulmsmeciu`g: sfgorls clëlbfrls (p`rs`ku`g ug livf plrl gltl-if), sfgorls ku`rr`mrls(prft`k`g f a`mtmc`mrf), tfrelr-s` ugl sfgorl (tftligèt` metlekçvì, pfbèbf ltrlv`sslr plr`b`s ` sèbf mevuie`rìvì l blefs açsmcfs), trlesafrglr futrf s`r `g ugl sfgorl. L

burlëãf b`st`s rmtulms í b` lpèls likugls dfrls.• • • • • Qmlk`g pìf _`mef bls Sfgorls: F A`mtmc`mrf pfb` lkfrl lssugmr ugl afrgl b`sfgorls ` vmljlr pìfs r`mefs `spmrmtulms. Clbl rmtuli p`rgmt` mr l ug r`mef ` vfitlr._`mefs meciu`g: l Pgorl, f Suoguebf, f Sfedlr ` f Mea`ref. Fs rmtulms sãf rìpmbfs b` s`r`limzlr `, bètrf bfs futrfs r`mefs, f a`mtmc`mrf í ugl crmlturl b` sfgorls, clplz b`met`rlkmr amsmclgèt` cfg fs dlomtlet`s bf iuklr. E`stl afrgl b` sfgorl, f A`mtmc`mrf pfb` losfrv`r Blefs Lkrlvlbfs elturligèt` ` í mgue` l afkf, clifr ` armf.



XFB@_ BL GLIBMËÃFF Xfb`r bl Glibmëãf í ug clgmedf letmkf ` pfb`rfsf bl Glkml E`krl. Cfg

ì`s, f A`mtmc`mrf í clplz b` ileëlr glibmëð`s, ltrmoumr prfprm`blb`s mea`relms l foj`tfs fur`limzlr a`mtmëfs pfb`rfsfs. Crmlëãf b` gfrtfs-vmvfs, cfetrfi` b` prlkls ` bfèëls `brèfs b` è`rkmls vmtlms sãf lpèls likues bfs pfb`r`s b`stl Rrmidl.

Lquì`s qu` pfssu`g l Aí Q`rblb`mrl, sãf mgue`s lfs à`mtfs b`st` pfb`r.R`st`: _lcmfcçemf + Fcuitmsgf (Xfb` s`r suostmtumbf pfr B`gfefifkml, rìlcmfelbf lcfed`cmgètf sfor` b`gòemfs ` f Mea`ref, bmgmeumebf l bmamcuiblb` `g <). S` uslbfcfetrl ug s`r cfescmèt`, l vçtmgl pfb` r`smstmr cfg Metìmkêecml + Fcuitmsgf(bmamcuiblb` 1).Klstf: Cfesfg` pìf gèfs < pfetf b` Glel pfr utmimzlëãf (cfesuit` f G`str`)._mtulms: @stl Rrmidl lpr`sètl gumtfs rmtulms bma`rèt`s. Lquì`s qu` èvfiv`g krleb`sglibmëð`s, crmlëãf b` gfrtfs-vmvfs, mevfclëãf b` prlkls ` ècletlgètf b` foj`tfs sãfgumtf b`gfrlbfs, pfbèbf i`vlr g`s`s plrl s`r`g cfeciuçbfs.

Liíg bmssf, `xmk`g mekr`bmèt`s ` mestrugètfs pr`cmsfs plrl s`r`g r`limzlbfscfrr`tlgèt`. Futrfs _mtulms, plrtmcuilrgèt` lquì`s qu` èvfiv`g à`mtfs gèfr`s, sãfrìpmbfs ` smgpi`s, `xmkmebf lpèls plilvrls gìkmcls ` k`stfs.• Xfb`r Gèfr: F a`mtmc`mrf pfb` r`limzlr p`quèfs ècletlgètfs ` glibmëð`s. @st`s pfb`r`s `xmk`g rmtulms smgpi`s ` curtfs ` prfbuz`g à`mtfs bmv`rsfs, qu` meciu`g: tfqu`clustmclet` (burlet` ugl Cèl, f tfqu` bls gãfs bf a`mtmc`mrf clusl ug pfetf b` BlefLkrlvlbf pfr turef b` cfetltf) ` glu-fidlbf (ug r`suitlbf ’<‗ l ugl jfklbl bl vçtmgl pfr suc`ssf bf A`mtmc`mrf E`krf).• • Ifrb` bls Gfscls: F a`mtmc`mrf í lkfrl clplz b` uslr rmtulms plrl cfetrfilr èxlg`sb` mes`tfs ` olebfs b` lemglms r`puismvfs (cfgf rltfs, `scfrpmð`s fu slpfs). Fs _mtulmsvlrmlg: fs glms rìpmbfs bãf lf a`mtmc`mrf l clplcmblb` b` cfetrfi` pièf sfor` ugèxlg` burlet` ugl efmt`. Futrfs rmtulms, glms b`gfrlbfs, p`rgmt`g `stèb`r `ss`t`gpf b` cfetrfi`, prèb`r f èxlg` l ugl ìr`l (lssmg lglibmëflebf-l cfg ugl prlkl p`rgleèt`), mevfclr gmidlr`s b` crmlturls (gls s`g t`r gumtf cfetrfi` sfor` ìls), `tc.• • • X`stmiêecml: Pslebf sùs rmtulms glms ìlofrlbfs, f a`mtmc`mrf pfb` crmlr à`mtfseàlstfs sfor` l slúb` b` sùs memgmkfs. Cfg ug rmtuli ifekf ` b`gfrlbf, f A`mtmc`mrfbls Rr`vls pfb` mevfclr ugl bfèël sfor` ug livf. Futrls vlrm`blb`s b` rmtulms glmscurtfs p`rgmt`g lf Mea`relimstl pfssumr pfb`r`s b` brèf b` vmbls burlet` ugl efmt`.Clbl _mtuli bì ug pfb`r efvf ` bma`rèt`. Likues `x`gpifs b` pfb`r`s b` brèfs b`vmbl: pfb`-s` uslr ls gãfs plrl suklr è`rkmls vmtlms, bmsplrlr rlmfs b` p`stmiêecml, curlrfs próprmfs a`rmgètfs èquletf brèl l vmbl b` ug memgmkf, `tc. Xlrl glmfr`s b`tlid`s (`

mbímls) v`jl f Xfb`r Mea`reli Qmtá (B`gòemf: F Xr`ëf bf Xfb`r). Sfgèt` ug pfb`r b`brèf b` vmbls pfb` s`r uslbf pfr v`z.• • • • Gfrtfs-vmvfs: F a`mtmc`mrf í clplz b` crmlr gfrtfs-vmvfs l plrtmr b` clbìv`r`s._mtulms cfg `st` prfpósmtf burlg dfrls plrl s`r`g cfeciuçbfs, gls pfssu`g à`mtfs pfb`rfsfs `, gumtls v`z`s, p`rgleèt`s. Í pfssçvì crmlr smgpi`s Zugoms cfg rmtulmsglms rìpmbfs, gls likues g`mfs glms ìlofrlbfs p`rgmt`g gfestrufsmblb`s cfgfZfgous (ugl v`rsãf glms afrt`, rìpmbl ` metìmkèt` bf Zugom) fu ètmblb`s cfgpfstls(Zugoms crmlbfs l plrtmr b` gumtfs cfrpfs bma`rèt`s, efrgligèt` cfg afrglgfestrufsl ` clrlct`rçstmcls `sp`cmlms cfgf lsls, gumtfs g`gorfs, glms b` ugl clo`ël,`tc.). @stls crmlturls sãf p`rgleèt`s, burlebf ltí s`r`g b`struçbls. _mtulms gèfr`s p`rgmt`g crmlr ug `xírcmtf b` gfrtfs-vmvfs, qu` burlg pfucf (likugls dfrls).

• • • • • Glibmëð`s ` @ecletlgètfs: F A`mtc`mrf qu` liclec` `st` eçvì í cdlglbf b`[lrifcn. Pg [lrifcn í clplz b` crmlr foj`tfs mea`relms, mevfclr glibmëð`s ` ltí g`sgfsfor`vmv`r è gfrt`! Mevfclr Glibmëð`s p`rgmt` crmlr à`mtfs bmv`rsfs, cfgf f ’ofe`cf

vfbu‗, bàfrgmblb`s el vçtmgl fu smgpi`sgèt` blr ug krleb` lzlr l ìl. Í e`c`ssìrmfug rmtuli bma`rèt` plrl clbl tmpf b` Glibmëãf. Likues a`mtmc`mrfs ifucfs pfssu`g ug_mtuli cfgpimclbf qu` b`v` s`r gletmbf l clbl bml b` suls vmbls. @st` _mtuli p`rgmt` qu`f a`mtmc`mrf, lf gfrr`r, r`tfre` cfgf ug gfrtf-vmvf, r`tèbf suls g`górmls ` pfb`r`s.@st`s glkfs gfrtfs-vmvfs sãf cdlglbfs b` Imcds. A`mtc`mrfs cfg `st` pfb`r tlgoíg pfb`g crmlr Foj`tfs Mea`relms, gls qu` euecl pfb`g s`r b` eçvì sup`rmfr l 3. Crml-ifsi`vl gumtf t`gpf ` pfb`r.

R_MIDL BL QMFILËÃFL Rrmidl bl Qmfilëãf t`g krleb`s sìgìdleëls cfg @ecletfs ` Miusð`s, qu`

p`rgmt` lf A`mtmc`mrf mevlbmr ls gèt`s bls p`ssfls, vmfilebf suls ligls ` glempuilebf-ls. Aí Q`rblb`mrl í mgue` l `st` pfb`r.R`st`: Metìmkêecml + @gpltml (bmamcuiblb` í f eçvì +3)Klstf: K`rligèt` cfesfg` < pfetf b` Glel pfr utmimzlëãf._mtulms: @stl Rrmidl usl, el glmfrml bfs clsfs, rmtulms curtfs ` smgpi`s. Lf s`r a`mtf uglv`z, f _mtuli bì ug pfb`r lf A`mtmc`mrf sfgormf, cujf à`mtf burl tfbl l Cèl. Burlet`tfbl l Cèl, ì` pfb` t`stlr l quliqu`r gfgètf Glempuilëãf + Metmgmblëãf (bmamcuiblb`í l Afrël b` Qfetlb` bl Qçtmgl) plrl uslr sùs pfb`r`s cfetrl likuíg. Eãf í pfssçvìblr glms b` ug pfb`r b`stl trmidl pfr v`z l ugl g`sgl p`ssfl. Dì likues rmtulms glmsifekfs ` cfgpi`xfs e`stl Rrmidl, pfríg. E`st` clsf, fs à`mtfs bf _mtuli sãf glmsburlbfurfs ` pfb`rfsfs, efrgligèt` r`qu`rèbf gumtfs pr`plrltmvfs ` l pr`sèël blvçtmgl burlet` l `x`cuëãf bf _mtuli.• Q`r ls Arlqu`zls: F A`mtmc`mrf í clplz b` uslr rmtulms qu` bãf ug bfs s`kumet`sà`mtfs: v`r l lurl bfs s`r`s lf sù r`bfr> pfb`r fos`rvlr l gèt` b` ugl p`ssfl, ièbfsùs pèslgètfs sup`ramcmlms, fu lprfaueblr-s` el gèt` bl vçtmgl, b`scformebfs`kr`bfs iì kulrblbfs. Xlrl uslr `stls dlomimblb`s, f a`mtmc`mrf pr`cmsl v`r l vçtmgl ` amtl-il `g sùs fidfs.• • Cfetrfi`: F a`mtmc`mrf pfb` uslr ug rmtuli smgpi`s qu` id` p`rgmt` blr ugl frb`g lug gfrtli ` `st` sètmrì ug prfauebf t`gfr l pfetf b` fo`b`c`r l vfetlb` bf A`mtmc`mrf.Lit`reltmvlgèt`, í pfssçvì uslr rmtulms qu` p`rgmt`g cfetrfilr ug livf pfr ug glmfr p`rçfbf b` t`gpf (ugl Cèl), gls prmg`mrf f a`mtmc`mrf pr`cmsl b`scformr fs s`kr`bfs blvçtmgl plrl metmgmbl-il (v`jl eçvì <).

• • • G`górmls: F a`mtmc`mrf pfb` lkfrl ètrlr els gèt`s bls p`ssfls ` vmvècmlr sulsg`górmls. Cfg ug rmtuli luxmimlr b`gfrlbf, qu` `xmk` qu` l vçtmgl `st`jl pr`sèt`, ì` pfb` lit`rlr g`górmls r`cèt`s ` lcr`scètlr i`gorleëls (gls `stls i`gorleëls s`rãfvlkls).• • • • Qmfilr l Qfetlb`: F a`mtmc`mrf í lkfrl clplz b` prfbuzmr à`mtfs p`rgleèt`s elsvçtmgls. @st` eçvì p`rgmt` crmlr ’cfebutfr`s‗ plrl f pfb`r bf A`mtmc`mrf e`krf. @st`sfoj`tfs, èquletf gletmbfs próxmgfs è vçtmgl, p`rgmt`g prfbuzmr à`mtfs bmv`rsfs b`cfetrfi` b` gèt`. Clbl rmtuli crml ug foj`tf cfg à`mtf bma`rèt`. @a`mtfs meciu`g:mgp`bmr f livf b` gètmr, alz`r cfg qu` f livf eãf r`prmgl suls `gfëð`s, tfrelr f livfsusc`tçvì è meaiuêecml bf A`mtmc`mrf (-< bmamcuiblb`s plrl glempuilif) ` gumtls futrlsglempuilëð`s gètlms sutms.



• • • • • Qmlk`g Gètli: E`st` eçvì, fs rmtulms `xmk`g l pr`sèël b` vçtmgl ` ìl b`v``stlr mecfescmèt`. F a`mtmc`mrf pfb` uslr rmtulms plrl mgpiletlr g`górmls fu gèslkèsef suocfescmèt` bf livf, ètrlr `g sul gèt`, ièbf sùs s`kr`bfs ` pèslgètfs, blr prfmomëð`s lf livf qu`, s`g trltlgètf psmqumìtrmcf, ì` jlglms s`rì clplz b` quòrlr, `tc.

LIOPG _MRÁ: GLKML O_LECL@gofrl l Glkml fu Oruxlrml s`jl cfesmb`rlbl ugl prìtmcl plkã fu b`gfeçlcl,

likues bfs qu` `stublg A`mtmëlrml cfecètrlg-s` els Rrmidls qu` èkifolg l GlkmlOrlecl, cdlglbl tlgoíg b` glkml cì`stmli. Eft`, pfríg, qu` Glkml Orlecl í lpèlsugl suobmvmsãf bl A`mtmëlrml, eãf ugl lrt` s`plrlbl.

Pg prltmclet` b` Glkml Orlecl pfb` lprèb`r Clgmedfs bl A`mtmëlrmlefrgligèt`, ` pfb`g meciusmv` lprèb`r Glkml E`krl. _lrfs f alz`g, pfr rlzð`sóovmls.

L F_MK@G BL GLKML O_LECLFrmkmeligèt`, l Glkml Orlecl `rl lpèls ugl afrgl cfstug`mrl b` Glkml

@stìtmcl, qu` s`kuml l bmscmpimel rçkmbl `xmkmbl pfr `st` tmpf b` glkml. @il tfrefu-s`Glkml Orlecl prfprmlgèt` bmtl qulebf fs A`mtmc`mrfs b`scformrlg qu` pfbmlg crmlrrmtulms bmvmefs ` purfs, èvfivèbf afrëls cì`stmlms utmimzìv`ms pìl Glkml @stìtmcl. @ss`srmtulms purfs eãf pfbmlg s`r utmimzlbfs pìfs próprmfs lejfs, pfríg, ` ètãf fcfed`cmgètf afm plsslbf plrl fs gfrtlms. B`stl afrgl, l Glkml Orlecl surkmu.

SMSR@GL B@ JFKF:

Glkml Orlecl, lssmg cfgf l E`krl, s` bmvmb` `g Rrmidls. Clbl Rrmidl kfv`relug lsp`ctf bmvmef bma`rèt`. @xmst`g bmv`rsls Rrmidls, ètr` ìls l Rrmidl bf @xfrcmsgf(qu` p`rgmt` `xpuislr ugl crmlturl qu` `st`jl pfssumebf ugl vçtmgl), f Afkf Cì`stmli(qu` p`rgmt` crmlr Cdlgls Lekìmclms) ` l Rrmidl bl Oèëãf (qu` p`rgmt` prft`k`r ` pr`jubmclr), ètr` futrfs.

Clbl A`mtmc`mrf Orlecf pfssum ugl Rrmidl Xrmgìrml bètrf bl Glkml Orlecl, qu`í ugl Rrmidl `g qu` ì` s` `sp`cmlimzfu ` pfssum glmfr alcmimblb` plrl lprèb`r sùsrmtulms. Ls b`glms Rrmidls qu` ì` cfed`c` sãf Rrmidls S`cuebìrmls, els qulms ì` pfssumcfed`cmgètf gèfr. Ls Rrmidls pfssu`g eçv`ms, qu` vlrmlg ètr` < ` 0. Ls RrmidlsS`cuebìrmls bf p`rsfelk`g jlglms pfb`g uitrlplsslr f sù eçvì el Rrmidl Xrmgìrml, pfríg, tli cfgf fs b`glms clgmedfs bl A`mtmëlrml.Fos.: Bma`rèt`gèt` bl Glkml E`krl, ls r`krls b` @ecletlgètfs ` _mtulms, auecmfelgcfgf fs b`glms Clgmedfs, eãf sèbf e`c`ssìrmfs fs _mtulms próprmfs ` p`rsfelimzlbfs

cfgf el Glkml E`krl.

R_MIDLS B@ GLKML O_LECL@xmst`g bmv`rsls Rrmidls bl Glkml Orlecl. L s`kumr, `stãf likugls Rrmidls,

pfbèbf surkmr efvls burlet` f jfkf.Smst`gl: Clbl Rrmidl pfssum f g`sgf smst`gl `g rìlëãf lfs Clgmedfs bl A`mtmëlrml,cfgf t`st`s ` custfs.

R_MIDL BL O@EËÃF Pg v`rblb`mrf içb`r pr`cmsl mespmrlr sùs s`kumbfr`s ` cfgpled`mrfs. Fs

A`mtmc`mrfs qu` uslg `ssl trmidl slo`g gumtf o`g bmssf, ` r`limzlg sù plpì b` içb`r`sgumtf o`g, utmimzlebf sùs ècletlgètfs plrl rùemr ` cfgleblr.

Í bmtf qu`, t`r ug b`ss`s A`mtmc`mrfs cfgf limlbfs, í `stlr `g ofls gãfs. Mssf í o`g v`rblb`.

Fs Xfb`r`s b` Oèëãf s` frmkmelrlg, s`kuebf ls dmstórmls, qulebf Gmkuì s`rùemu cfg fs b`glms Xrmgm. @eclrr`klbf b` imb`rlr sùs mrgãfs, ì` lprèbù l plsslr plrt` b` sul afrël plrl sùs cfgpled`mrfs, k`rlebf dlomimblb`s qu` eãf só f oèàmcmlvlg, cfgf tlgoíg oèàmcmlvlg fs b`glms. Cfeafrg` fs a`mtmc`mrfs afrlg

tfglebf cfed`cmgètf b`ss` pfb`r, ltrlvís b` Oçoimls ` Krmgórmfs Slkrlbfs, l Oèëãfafm kledlebf efvls dlomimblb`s.

F Xfb`r b` Oèëãf auecmfel ltrlvís b` lurls. F Cì`stmli k`rl ugl lurl, qu` pfb` la`tlr ug eúg`rf imgmtlbf b` p`ssfls lf sù r`bfr. Ls lurls glms arlcls sãfmevmsçv`ms, pfbèbf s`r eftlbls lpèls pfr qu`g pfb` v`r glema`stlëð`s sforèlturlms,gls ls lurls glms pfb`rfsls k`rlbls pfr Oèëãf glema`stlg-s` cfgf dlifs b` iuz b`cfr`s vlrmlbls, qu` èvfiv`g tfbfs fs qu` sãf oèàmcmlbfs (fu pr`jubmclbfs) pìls lurlscrmlbls.R`st`: Clrmsgl / Glempuilëãf + Imb`rleël / Metmgmblëãf.Klstfs: Clbl Oèëãf `xmk` f klstf b` ug pfetf b` Glel.Smst`gl: Fs ècletlgètfs cfg f prfpósmtf b` oèàmcmlr fs limlbfs, e`c`ssmtlg bfClrmsgl + Imb`rleël, pfríg, fs qu` têg cfgf foj`tmvf lkr`bmr fs memgmkfs, utmimzlgGlempuilëãf + Metmgmblëãf cfgf t`st` cdlv`. Jì `g rìlëãf lfs livfs la`tlbfs, tfbfs fsqu` `stmv`r`g l ug rlmf b` Afrël b` Qfetlb` g`trfs bf A`mtmc`mrf, s`rì la`tlbfs, pfríg, p`rb`g fs oèàçcmfs, clsf slmlg bl ìr`l b` liclec`.• Lurl bf Kulrbmãf: @stlr ltètf pfb` s`r b` sugl mgpfrtïecml. Pg A`mtmc`mrf í clplzb` tfrelr tfbfs fs sùs cfgpled`mrfs ltètfs lfs p`rmkfs qu` `stãf lf r`bfr, pfbèbflssmg r`lkmr b` afrgl gumtf glms rìpmbl qulebf e`c`ssìrmf. @i` ` tfbfs fs la`tlbfskledlg ug oòeus b` +? `g t`st`s b` Xrfetmbãf ` `g t`st`s b` Memcmltmvl. Lquì`s qu` pfb`g v`r lurls pfb`g v`r ugl arlcl dlif lglrìlbl lf r`bfr bfs la`tlbfs pfr `st` pfb`r. L lurl burl tfbl l Cèl.• • D`smtlëãf: Fs A`mtmc`mrfs Orlecfs ès v`z`s pfb`g plr`c`r tãf glj`stfsfs qu` g`sgfsùs memgmkfs t`g`g s` lprfxmglr. \ulebf ls lurls b` D`smtlëãf `stãf ltmvls, fsmemgmkfs t`g`g cfgolt`r f A`mtmc`mrf fu sùs cfgpled`mrfs. Likues s`qu`r i`vletlgsùs orlëfs, èquletf fs qu` lmebl lssmg fuslg èkljlr `g cfgolt` d`smtlg lf b`sa`rmr

sùs kfip`s. F p`rsfelk`g klstl ug pfetf b` Glel plrl clbl livf. Ls vçtmgls b`stllurl prmg`mrf d`smtlg `g ètrlr `g cfgolt`. @i`s lmebl s` bàèb`rãf efrgligèt` s`ltlclbfs, gls `vmtlrãf blr f prmg`mrf kfip` fu tfglr l memcmltmvl. Xlrl qu` pfsslg memcmlrug cfgolt`, pr`cmslg t`stlr Afrël b` Qfetlb` (bmamcuiblb` í l Afrël b` Qfetlb` bfA`mtmc`mrf). Lquì`s qu` alidlg pfb`g s` bàèb`r, gls eãf ltlclr. G`sgf s`cfes`kumr`g, sùs ltlqu`s p`rb`g bfms blbfs èquletf l lurl s` glet`r (suls bà`slseãf sãf la`tlbls, pfríg). @ssl lurl s` gletíg pfr ug turef pfr suc`ssf bf A`mtmc`mrf.@stl lurl í mevmsçvì plrl fidfs efrglms, gls lquì`s cfg pfb`r`s `sp`cmlms pfb`g v`rfs la`tlbfs cmrcueblbfs pfr ugl lurl lilrlejlbl, o`g arlcl, qu` s` gfv` ` vmorlarè`tmclgèt`.



• • • Cfrpfs Arìk`ms: \ulebf `g oltlidl, fs A`mtmc`mrfs cì`stmlms pfb`g alz`r cfg qu`sùs memgmkfs clmlg gumtf glms aìcmi bmlet` b` sùs kfip`s. @st` pfb`r b` lurls í l rlzãfbmstf. @stl Rrmidl r`buz l r`smstêecml elturli bfs cfrpfs l a`rmgètfs. F A`mtmc`mrf klstlug pfetf b` Glel plrl clbl ug qu` b`s`jl la`tlr. Clbl suc`ssf gletíg l lurl pfr ugturef. Rfbfs fs la`tlbfs p`rb`g bfms blbfs `g sùs t`st`s b` Losfrëãf b` Blefsèquletf `stmv`r`g sfo à`mtf bl lurl. Efvlgèt`, `stl lurl í mevmsçvì, gls fs qu` têgsètmbfs `sp`cmlms pfb`g vê-il el afrgl b` ugl dlif lzui cilrl lf r`bfr bfs la`tlbfs.• • • • Qfetlb` b` Lëf: B`t`rgmelëãf í ugl qulimblb` bfs içb`r`s, gls ug A`mtmc`mrfcfg `ss` pfb`r, pfb` bì-il l tfbfs fs sùs s`kumbfr`s. Ltrlvís b`stl lurl, f A`mtmc`mrf íclplz b` `stèb`r l sul b`t`rgmelëãf plrl tfbf f sù krupf, klstlebf < pfetf b` Glel.

Clbl suc`ssf bì l tfbfs fs la`tlbfs ug pfetf `xtrl b` Afrël b` Qfetlb` t`gpfrìrml.@ss`s pfetfs eãf lcr`scètlg blbfs l t`st`s b` Afrël b` Qfetlb` e`g lugètlgbmamcuiblb`s ols`lbls `g Afrël b` Qfetlb` bfs la`tlbfs. @i`s sãf lpèls pfetfs plrls`r`g klstfs `g suc`ssfs lutfgìtmcfs, r`smstêecmls fu plrl uslr `g Xfb`r`s. @ss`s pfetfs pfb`g sup`rlr l cfetlk`g gìxmgl b` Afrël b` Qfetlb` bf p`rsfelk`g ` s`gletíg ltí s`r`g klstfs, fu ltí qu` fs à`mtfs bl lurl t`rgme`g. L Lurl burl tfbl lCèl. Fs la`tlbfs pfr `stl lurl eãf `gmt`g lurls vmsçv`ms l fidfs cfgues, gls lfstr`melbfs í pfssçvì v`r ug dlif afrt` b` iuz lglrìl lf r`bfr bì`s.• • • • • Xrmvlëãf Gçstmcl: Ès v`z`s í pr`cmsf prft`k`r fs cfgpled`mrfs bfs ltlqu`sgçstmcfs bfs memgmkfs. L gìdfr afrgl b` alzê-if, pfríg, í mgp`bmebf qu` fs memgmkfs pfsslg uslr sùs pfb`r`s cfg afrël tftli. Xrmvlëãf Gçstmcl dlomimtl f A`mtmc`mrf lbmamcuitlr f usf b` glkml pfr plrt` b` sùs memgmkfs. Cfg três pfetfs b` Glel pfr p`ssflla`tlbl, f A`mtmc`mrf lcmfel l lurl burlet` ug turef plrl clbl suc`ssf. Burlet` `st`

t`gpf, fs la`tlbfs sfar`g +? els bmamcuiblb`s b` tfbfs fs sùs t`st`s b` pfb`r`ssforèlturlms. @stl lurl í tftligèt` vmsçvì lfs fidfs gfrtlms ` sforèlturlms. Fsla`tlbfs sãf tfglbfs pfr ug i`v` dlif `sv`rb`lbf burlet` f t`gpf b` à`mtf.

R_MIDL BF @TF_CMSGFL Rrmidl bf @xfrcmsgf í utmimzlbl plrl s` `xpuislr ugl crmlturl qu` `st`jl

pfssumebf ugl vçtmgl. Mssf mecium b`gòemfs, `spçrmtfs, aletlsgls ` futrfs s`r`s clplz`sb` pfssumr cfrpfs ` foj`tfs. F @xfrcmsgf auecmfel b` afrgl bma`rèt` b` futrfsClgmedfs bl Glkml, pfms eãf e`c`ssmtl b` a`mtmëfs. Lf mevís bmssf, @xfrcmsgf auecmfelb` afrgl mkuli `g tfbfs fs eçv`ms, ` tubf f qu` í lit`rlbf l clbl eçvì í l pftêecml bf pfb`r. @xfrcmsgfs sãf prltmclbfs ltrlvís b` rmtulms. Lf cfetrìrmf b` rmtulms cfgues, pfríg, fs pr`plrltmvfs sãf o`g glms rìpmbfs ` eãf í pr`cmsf i`vlr vìrmfs gmeutfs ètr`

t`st`s, sèbf pfssçvì t`stlr turef lpós turef, ltí `xpuislr l crmlturl b`s`jlbl. Pgl v`z`xpuisl, l crmlturl í èvmlbl lf sù r`mef b` frmk`g (Mea`ref, f Guebf Mea`rmfr, l Pgorl,`tc.) ` eãf pfb` r`tfrelr pfr ug p`rçfbf b` t`gpf b`t`rgmelbf pìf eçvì bf `xfrcmstle`stl Rrmidl. Xfr mssf, gumtfs b`gòemfs lf s`r`g `xfrcmzlbfs prà`r`g slmr pfr vfetlb` próprml, pfms s` afrëlbfs lclolg lprmsmfelbfs `g sùs próprmfs ilr`s.R`st`: Glempuilëãf + Fcuitmsgf (+ Aí Q`rblb`mrl, s` dfuv`r, cfg bmamcuiblb` í l Afrëlb` Qfetlb` bf livf).Klstf: Pg pfetf b` Glel ` b` Afrël b` Qfetlb` pfr livf b`st` pfb`r. Gúitmpifs t`st`scfetrl ug g`sgf livf eãf r`qu`r`g efvfs klstfs b` Afrël b` Qfetlb`, pfríg, `xmk`gklstf b` Glel.

Smst`gl: F b`gòemf fu `spçrmtf pfb` r`smstmr t`stlebf Afrël b` Qfetlb` (bmamcuiblb` í lAfrël b` Qfetlb` + Aí Q`rblb`mrl bf @xfrcmstl). S` f b`gòemf afr `xpuisf let`s qu` slml pfr cfetl próprml, ì` í `xpuisf plrl sù r`mef b` frmk`g, ` eãf pfb` vfitlr pfr ug p`rçfbf b`t`rgmelbf b` t`gpf, b` lcfrbf cfg f eçvì bf Clgmedf bf @xfrcmsgf:• Pgl s`glel• • Pg gês.• • • Rrês g`s`s.• • • • S`ms g`s`s.• • • • • Pg lef.FOS.: L vçtmgl amcl mgue` l pfss`ssãf pìf g`sgf p`rçfbf b`scrmtf lcmgl, l eãf s`r qu`

ìl `st`jl s`g pfetf `g Afrël b` Qfetlb`, sèbf pr`sl aìcmi, g`sgf lpós s`r `xfrcmzlbl.

AFKF C@I@SRMLIAfkf Cì`stmli, tlgoíg cdlglbf b` ’cdlgls bl purmamclëãf‗, í ugl crmlëãf bfs

A`mtmc`mrfs bl Iuz. Í bmtf qu`, qulebf f Lrclejf Klormì vmljfu pìl R`rrl, ècfetrfu ug pfb`rfsf b`gòemf bmzmglebf ugl lib`ml duglel. @i`s iutlrlg, gls Klormì, lmebl jfv`g ` me`xp`rmèt`, afm b`rruolbf ef cdãf. @g aúrml, ì` krmtfu, ` ls cdlgls sàfrglrlg pìl prmg`mrl v`z, mecme`rlebf ` b`strumebf cfgpi`tlgèt` f s`r b`gfeçlcf.

Ls cdlgls bl purmamclëãf sãf l lrgl supr`gl bfs A`mtmc`mrfs Orlecfs el clëllfs b`gòemfs ` el puemëãf bfs s`r`s glimkefs bl Rìiurmle. @ils b`strf`g ls afrëlscfrruptls, mecme`rlebf-id` cfrpf ` ligl, ` sãf clplz`s b` qu`mglr ltí g`sgf `spçrmtfs.

F Afkf Cì`stmli eãf í ugl cdlgl, gls smg l è`rkml purl ` bmvmel s`glema`stlebf cfgf lrgl. @ssls cdlgls ormidlg `g cfr`s lzums, `g bmv`rsls tfelimblb`s,`glelebf ugl iuz afrt`. @ils `gmt`g ug i`v` clifr, eãf cfgf f b` cdlgls elturlms,sèbf o`g glms arlcf ` gumtf cfeafrtìvì. Lp`slr bmssf, ug gfrtli eãf b`v` tfcì-ils, lgèfs qu` s`jl likuíg b` krleb` pur`zl fu aí, fu sètmrì bfr`s ` lekústmls t`rrçv`ms.

F Afkf Cì`stmli í slkrlbf, ` ugl p`ssfl qu` f tfqu` í cfesugmbf pfr sùs p`clbfs ` sùs `rrfs, sètmebf ef cfrpf tfbl l bfr qu` clusfu `g vmbl. Xfr futrf ilbf,gfrtlms têg sfrt`, pfms fs pmfr`s à`mtfs bls cdlgls s` r`s`rvlg lfs s`r`s sforèlturlms.

\ulebf ug s`r sforèlturli ètrl `g cfetltf cfg ls cdlgls bl purmamclëãf, eãflpèls sul ligl cfgf sù cfrpf sãf qu`mglbfs. Ls qu`mglburls sãf o`g r`lms ` prfauebls, ` s` afrglg mestletle`lgèt`. Cfetrl s`r`s b`gfeçlcfs, ètãf, f pfb`r blscdlgls í b`vlstlbfr, ` pfb` r`buzm-ifs l pó `g s`kuebfs. Sèbf qu`, s` cfecètrlbls, lscdlgls bf Afkf Cì`stmli pfb`g ltí g`sgf k`rlr `xpifsð`s.R`st`: Glempuilëãf + Fcuitmsgf (bmamcuiblb` í f eçvì +2).

Klstf: L utmimzlëãf b`stl Rrmidl, r`qu`r f klstf b` < pfetf b` Glel pfr utmimzlëãf.Smst`gl: Sùs à`mtfs sãf mg`bmltfs. Rubf f qu` f A`mtmc`mrf b`v` alz`r í k`stmcuilr, bmz`rls plilvrls gçstmcls c`rtls fu pfrtlr ug foj`tf qu` smrvl b` afcf plrl f afkf. F A`mtmc`mrf pfb` mecèbmlr likf `g sù clgpf b` vmsãf (ls cdlgls sãf `spmrmtulms, ` eãf açsmcls, eãfqu`mglg foj`tfs e`g s`r`s elturlms), bmsplrlr ugl rljlbl b` Afkf Cì`stmli, crmlr afrglsb` afkf, `tc. Fs eçv`ms bl Rrmidl b`t`rgmelg f Blef cluslbf pìls cdlgls ` sùtlgledf. F Blef cluslbf pfr Afkf Cì`stmli bmgmeum pìl g`tlb` l clbl turef(lrr`bfeb` ls g`tlb`s plrl olmxf), ltí b`slplr`c`r lpós bfms fu três turefs. Foj`tfsmecèbmlbfs pìf pfb`r, pfríg, eãf qu`mglg, g`sgf qu` ls cdlgls amqu`g lf sùr`bfr. Fos.: Xlrl clbl eçvì e`ssl trmidl, f A`mtmc`mrf prfvfcl < Xfetf b` Blef Lkrlvlbf,lssmg cfgf l miustrlëãf ` metèsmblb` bls cdlgls.

Manual de Feitiçaria

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