Patente US4571263 - Recovery of Gold From Refractory Auriferous Iron-containing Sulphidic ..
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26 /1 1/ 20 14 Pa tente US4 57 12 63 - Rec ove ry of go ld fro m ref ract ory au rifero us iron -con ta inin g su lph idic ... - Pa tentes do Go og le http://www.googl e.com/patents/US4571263 1/6 Patentes Número da publicação US4571263 A Tipo de publicação Concessão Número do pedido US 06/707,922 Data de publicação 18 fev. 1986 Data de depósito 4 mar. 1985 Data da prioridade 27 set. 1984 Status da taxa Pagas Também publicado como CA1235907A1 , DE3585483D1, EP0177290A2 , EP0177290A3 , EP0177290B1 Inventores Donald R. Weir , Roman M. Genik-Sas- Berezowsky Cessionário original Sherritt Gordon Mines Limited Exportar citação BiBTeX, EndNote, RefMan Citações de patente (3), Citada por (24), Classificações (20), Eventos legais (5) Links externos: USPTO, Cessão do USPTO, Espacenet REIVINDICAÇÕES (11) What we claim as new and desire to protect by Letters Patent of the United States is: 1. A process for recovering gold from refractory auriferous iron-containing concentrate comprising: feeding the concentrate as an aqueous slurry to an acidic pretreatment step, treating the concentrate in the acidic pretreatment step with aqueous sulphuric acid solution to decompose carbonate and other acid consuming gangue compounds, oxidizing the treated slurry in a pressure oxidation step at a temperature in the range of from about 135° to about 250° C. under a pressurized oxidizing atmosphere while manintaing a free acid concentration of from about 5 to about 40 g/L sulphuric acid to cause dissolution of iron, formation of sulphuric acid and oxidation of substantially all oxidizable sulphide compounds to sulphate form with less than about 20% of oxidized sulphur being present as elemental sulphur during the oxidation step, adding water to the oxidized slurry in a first repulping step to produce a repulped oxidized slurry with a pulp density in the range of from about 5 to about 15% solids by weight, subjecting the repulped oxidized slurry to a liquid-solids separation step to produce an acid and iron containing solution and oxidized separated solids, recycling a portion of the acid and iron containing solution to the acidic pretreatment step, and Recovery of gold from refractory auriferous iron-containing sulphidic concentrates US 4571263 A RESUMO A process for recover ing gold from refra ctory aurifer ous iron- contain ing concentrate includes feeding the concentrate as an aqueous slurry to an acidic pretreatment step and treating the concentrate in the acidic pretreatment step with aqueous sulphuric acid solution to decompose carbonate and other acid consuming gangue compounds. The treated slurry is oxidized in a pressure oxidation step at a temperature in the range of from about 135° to about 250° C. under a pressurized oxidizing atmosphere while maintaining a free acid concentration of from about 5 to about 40 g/L sulphuric acid to cause dissolution of iron, formation of sulphuric acid and oxidation of substantially all oxidizable sulphide compounds to sulphate form with less than about 20% of oxidized sulphur being present as elemental sulphur during the oxidation step. Water is added to the oxidized slurry in a first repulping step to produce a repulped oxidized slurry with a pulp density in the range of from about 5 to about 15% solids by weight, the repulped oxidized slurry is subjected to a liquid-solids separation step to produce an acid and iron containing solution and oxidized separated solids, a portion of the acid and iron containing solution is recycled to t he acidic pretreatment step, and gold is recovered from the oxidized separated solids. DESCRIÇÃO This invention relates to the recovery of gold and possibly other metal values from refractory auriferous sulphidic concentrates. It is known that gold recovery from such concentrate by conventional processes such as cyanidation is not satisfactory, and various preliminary treatment processes have been proposed. However, for various reasons, the preliminary treatments in the prior art do not improve gold recovery proposed from such concentrate as much as is desirable in a commercial operation. It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide an improved preliminary treatment process for such concentrates which includes pressure oxidation treatment. The present invention provides a process for recovering gold from refractory auriferous iron-containing sulphidic concentrate comprising feeding the concentrate as an aqueous slurry to an acidic pretreatment step, treating the concentrate in the acidic pretreatment step with aqueous sulphuric acid solution to decompose carbonate and acid consuming gangue compounds which might otherwise inhibit a subsequent pressure oxidation step, oxidizing the treated slurry in a pressure oxidation step at a temperature in the range of from about 135° to about 250° C. under a pressurized oxidizing atmosphere while maintaining a free acid concentration of from about 5 to about 40 g/L sulphuric acid to cause dissolution of iron, formation of sulphuric acid and oxidation of substantially all oxidizable sulphide compounds to sulphate form with less than about 20% of oxidized sulphur being present as elemental sulphur during the oxidation step, adding water to the oxidized slurry in a first repulping step to produce a repulped oxidized slurry with a pulp density in the range of from about 5 to about 15% solids by weight, subjecting the repulped oxidized slurry to a Localiza r estado da técni ca Discutir esta patente Vi s u al iz a r P DF Download do PDF IMAGENS (1) +Bárbara
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Transcript of Patente US4571263 - Recovery of Gold From Refractory Auriferous Iron-containing Sulphidic ..
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Patentes
Nmerodapublicao US4571263ATipodepublicao ConcessoNmerodopedido US06/707,922Datadepublicao 18fev.1986Datadedepsito 4mar.1985Datadaprioridade 27set.1984Statusdataxa Pagas
Tambmpublicadocomo
CA1235907A1,DE3585483D1,EP0177290A2,EP0177290A3,EP0177290B1
Inventores DonaldR.Weir,RomanM.GenikSasBerezowsky
Cessionriooriginal SherrittGordonMinesLimited
Exportarcitao BiBTeX,EndNote,RefMan
Citaesdepatente(3),Citadapor(24),Classificaes(20),Eventoslegais(5)
Linksexternos:USPTO,CessodoUSPTO,Espacenet
REIVINDICAES (11)
WhatweclaimasnewanddesiretoprotectbyLettersPatentoftheUnitedStatesis:
1.Aprocessforrecoveringgoldfromrefractoryauriferousironcontainingconcentratecomprising:
feedingtheconcentrateasanaqueousslurrytoanacidicpretreatmentstep,
treatingtheconcentrateintheacidicpretreatmentstepwithaqueoussulphuricacidsolutiontodecomposecarbonateandotheracidconsumingganguecompounds,
oxidizingthetreatedslurryinapressureoxidationstepatatemperatureintherangeoffromabout135toabout250C.underapressurizedoxidizingatmospherewhilemanintaingafreeacidconcentrationoffromabout5toabout40g/Lsulphuricacidtocausedissolutionofiron,formationofsulphuricacidandoxidationofsubstantiallyalloxidizablesulphidecompoundstosulphateformwithlessthanabout20%ofoxidizedsulphurbeingpresentaselementalsulphurduringtheoxidationstep,
addingwatertotheoxidizedslurryinafirstrepulpingsteptoproducearepulpedoxidizedslurrywithapulpdensityintherangeoffromabout5toabout15%solidsbyweight,
subjectingtherepulpedoxidizedslurrytoaliquidsolidsseparationsteptoproduceanacidandironcontainingsolutionandoxidizedseparatedsolids,
recyclingaportionoftheacidandironcontainingsolutiontotheacidicpretreatmentstep,and
RecoveryofgoldfromrefractoryauriferousironcontainingsulphidicconcentratesUS4571263A
RESUMO
Aprocessforrecoveringgoldfromrefractoryauriferousironcontainingconcentrateincludesfeedingtheconcentrateasanaqueousslurrytoanacidicpretreatmentstepandtreatingtheconcentrateintheacidicpretreatmentstepwithaqueoussulphuricacidsolutiontodecomposecarbonateandotheracidconsumingganguecompounds.Thetreatedslurryisoxidizedinapressureoxidationstepatatemperatureintherangeoffromabout135toabout250C.underapressurizedoxidizingatmospherewhilemaintainingafreeacidconcentrationoffromabout5toabout40g/Lsulphuricacidtocausedissolutionofiron,formationofsulphuricacidandoxidationofsubstantiallyalloxidizablesulphidecompoundstosulphateformwithlessthanabout20%ofoxidizedsulphurbeingpresentaselementalsulphurduringtheoxidationstep.Waterisaddedtotheoxidizedslurryinafirstrepulpingsteptoproducearepulpedoxidizedslurrywithapulpdensityintherangeoffromabout5toabout15%solidsbyweight,therepulpedoxidizedslurryissubjectedtoaliquidsolidsseparationsteptoproduceanacidandironcontainingsolutionandoxidizedseparatedsolids,aportionoftheacidandironcontainingsolutionisrecycledtotheacidicpretreatmentstep,andgoldisrecoveredfromtheoxidizedseparatedsolids.
DESCRIO
Thisinventionrelatestotherecoveryofgoldandpossiblyothermetalvaluesfromrefractoryauriferoussulphidicconcentrates.
Itisknownthatgoldrecoveryfromsuchconcentratebyconventionalprocessessuchascyanidationisnotsatisfactory,andvariouspreliminarytreatmentprocesseshavebeenproposed.However,forvariousreasons,thepreliminarytreatmentsinthepriorartdonotimprovegoldrecoveryproposedfromsuchconcentrateasmuchasisdesirableinacommercialoperation.
Itisthereforeanobjectofthepresentinventiontoprovideanimprovedpreliminarytreatmentprocessforsuchconcentrateswhichincludespressureoxidationtreatment.
Thepresentinventionprovidesaprocessforrecoveringgoldfromrefractoryauriferousironcontainingsulphidicconcentratecomprisingfeedingtheconcentrateasanaqueousslurrytoanacidicpretreatmentstep,treatingtheconcentrateintheacidicpretreatmentstepwithaqueoussulphuricacidsolutiontodecomposecarbonateandacidconsumingganguecompoundswhichmightotherwiseinhibitasubsequentpressureoxidationstep,oxidizingthetreatedslurryinapressureoxidationstepatatemperatureintherangeoffromabout135toabout250C.underapressurizedoxidizingatmospherewhilemaintainingafreeacidconcentrationoffromabout5toabout40g/Lsulphuricacidtocausedissolutionofiron,formationofsulphuricacidandoxidationofsubstantiallyalloxidizablesulphidecompoundstosulphateformwithlessthanabout20%ofoxidizedsulphurbeingpresentaselementalsulphurduringtheoxidationstep,addingwatertotheoxidizedslurryinafirstrepulpingsteptoproducearepulpedoxidizedslurrywithapulpdensityintherangeoffromabout5toabout15%solidsbyweight,subjectingtherepulpedoxidizedslurrytoa
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recoveringgoldfromtheoxidizedseparatedsolids.
2.Aprocessaccordingtoclaim1includingrecyclingaportionoftheacidandironcontainingsolutiontotheoxidationstep.
3.Aprocessaccordingtoclaim1includingaddingaprecipitatingagentinaprecipitationsteptoaportionoftheacidandironcontainingsolutiontoprecipitatemetalsastheirrespectivehydroxidesorhydratedoxides,sulphateionsasinsolublesulphateandarsenicasinsolublearsenate,separatingtheprecipitatesfromtheremainingaqueoussolutionandutilizingatleastsomeoftheseparatedaqueoussolutionintheoxidationstep.
4.Aprocessaccordingtoclaim3includingcoolingtheseparatedaqueoussolutionpriortoutilizationintheoxidationstep.
5.Aprocessaccordingtoclaim1includingmaintainingasufficientamountofmagnesiumionsintheslurryinthepressureoxidationsteptoproduceaMg:Femolarratioinsolutionoffromabout0.5:1toabout10:1tocauseironwhichisprecipitatedduringthepressureoxidationsteptotendtobeprecipitatedashematiteratherthanasotherinsolubleironcompounds.
6.Aprocessaccordingtoclaim5includingaddingaprecipitatingagentinafirstprecipitatingsteptoaportionoftheacidandironcontainingsolutiontoraisethepHtoavalueintherangeoffromabout5toabout8.5toprecipitatedesireddissolvedvalueswhilecausingmagnesiumionstoremaininsolution,andrecyclingatleastsomeofthemagnesiumcontainingsolutiontotheoxidationsteptoprovidemagnesiumionstherein.
7.Aprocessaccordingtoclaim3includingaddingaportionoftheseparatedaqueoussolutiontotheoxidizedseparatedsolidsinasecondrepulpingsteptoproduceasecondrepulpedoxidizedslurrywithapulpdensityintherangeoffromabout5toabout15%solidsbyweight,subjectingthesecondoxidizedrepulpedslurrytoasecondliquidsolidsseparationsteptoproduceasecondacidandironcontainingsolutionandsecondseparatedoxidizedsolids,andrecyclingatleastaportionofthesecondacidandironcontainingsolutiontothefirstrepulpingstep.
8.Aprocessaccordingtoclaim1includingsubjectingatleastsomeoftheslurryfromthefirstrepulpingsteptoaclassificationsteptoseparatesolidsaboveapredeterminedsizefromtheremainingslurry,grindingtheseparatedoversizesolidstoasmallersize,feedingthegroundsolidstoatleastoneoftheacidicpretreatmentandpressureoxidationsteps,andreturningtheremainingslurrytothestepfollowingthefirstrepulpingstep.
9.Aprocessaccordingtoclaim3includingsubjectingrefractoryauriferousironcontainingsulphidicoretoaflotationsteptoproducesaidconcentrateandflotationtailings,andutilizingatleastaportionoftheflotationtailingsasprecipitatingagentinsaidprecipitationstep.
10.Aprocessaccordingtoclaim1whereinthetreatedslurryisoxidizedatatemperatureintherangeoffromabout160toabout200C.
11.Aprocessaccordingtoclaim1whereinthetreatedslurryisfurthertreatedbytheadditionofalignosulphonate,chosenfromthegroupofcalcium,sodium,potassiumandammoniumlignosulphonate,priortooxidationatalevel0.1to10Kg/tofconcentrate.
liquidsolidsseparationsteptoproduceanacidandironcontainingsolutionandoxidizedseparatedsolids,recyclingaportionoftheacidandironcontainingsolutiontotheacidicpretreatmentstep,andremovinggoldfromtheoxidizedseparatedsolids.Theprocessmayincluderecyclingaportionoftheacidandironcontainingsolutiontotheoxidationstep.
Theprocessmayalsoincludeaddingaprecipitatingagentinaprecipitationsteptoaportionoftheacidandironcontainingsolutiontoprecipitatemetalsastheirrespectivehydroxidesorhydratedoxides,sulphateionsasinsolublesulphateandarsenicasinsolublearsenate,separatingtheprecipitatesfromtheremainingaqueoussolution,andutilizingatleastsomeoftheseparatedaqueoussolutionintheoxidationstep.Aportionoftheseparatedaqueoussolutionmaybeaddedtotheoxidizedseparatedsolidsinasecondrepulpingsteptoproduceasecondrepulpedoxidizedslurrywithapulpdensityintherangeoffromabout5toabout15%solidsbyweight,subjectingthesecondoxidizedrepulpedslurrytoasecondliquidsolidsseparationsteptoproduceasecondacidandironcontainingsolutionandsecondseparatedoxidizedsolids,andrecyclingatleastaportionofthesecondacidandironcontainingsolutiontothefirstrepulpingstep.Therefractoryauriferousironcontainingsulphidicoremaybesubjectedtoaflotationsteptoproducesaidconcentrateandflotationtailingswhichmaybeusefulasprecipitatingagentinsaidprecipitationstep.
Theprocessmayfurtherincludecoolingtheseparatedaqueoussolutionpriortoutilizationintheoxidationstep.Advantageously,asufficientamountofmagnesiumismaintainedintheslurryinthepressureoxidationsteptoproduceaMg:Femolarratioinsolutionoffromabout0.5:1toabout10:1tocauseironwhichisprecipitatedduringthepressureoxidationsteptotendtobeprecipitatedashematiteratherthanasotherinsolubleironcompounds.AprecipitatingagentmaybeaddedinafirstprecipitationsteptoaportionoftheacidandironcontainingsolutiontoraisethepHtoavalueintherangeoffromabout5toabout8.5toprecipitatedesireddissolvedvalueswhilecausingmagnesiumionstoremaininsolution,andrecyclingatleastsomeofthemagnesiumcontainingsolutiontotheoxidationsteptoprovidemagnesiumiontherein.Atleastsomeoftheslurryfromthefirstrepulpingstepmaybesubjectedtoaclassificationsteptoseparatesolidsaboveapredeterminedsizefromtheremainingslurry,grindingtheseparatedoversizesolidstoasmallersize,feedingthegroundsolidstoatleastoneoftheacidicpretreatmentandpressureoxidationsteps,andreturningtheremainingslurrytothestepfollowingthefirstrepulpingstep.
Embodimentsoftheinventionwillnowbedescribed,bywayofexample,withreferencetotheaccompanyingdrawingwhichshowsaflowsheetofaprocessfortherecoveryofgoldandothermetalvaluesfromrefractoryauriferoussulphidicconcentrate.
Referringtothedrawing,refractoryauriferoussulphidicconcentratewhichistreatedinthisembodimentcontainsfromabout10toabout800g/tAu,fromabout30toabout300g/tAg,andbyweightfromabout10toabout40%Fe,fromabout5toabout40%SiO2,fromabout10toabout45%S,fromabout0.1to
about25%As,fromabout0.01toabout3%Sb,fromabout0.1toabout6%Al,fromabout0.1toabout5%Ca,fromabout0.1toabout10%CO2,fromabout
0.1toabout10%Mgandfromlessthan0.1toabout8%C(organic).
Thesulphidiccontentofsuchconcentratemaycompriseoneormoreofthefollowingmaterials,namelypyrite,arsenopyrite,pyrrhotite,stibniteandsulphosalts,andtheconcentratemayalsocontainvaryingamountsoflead,zincandcoppersulphides.Also,someconcentratemaycontainoxidizablecarbonaceousspecies.
Oregroundtoatleastabout70%minus100Tylerscreen(lessthan149microns)isfedtoaflotationstep12toproducethepreviouslymentionedconcentratestogetherwithflotationtailings.Theconcentrateisregroundinanoptionalregrindingstep14withwaterfromasubsequentliquidsolidsseparationstep16toabout96%minus325Tylerscreen(lessthan44microns).
Concentrateslurryfromtheseparationstep16withapulpdensityoffromabout40to80%solidsbyweightproceedstoanacidicpretreatmentstep18wheretheslurryisrepulpedwithacidicwashsolutionobtainedbywashingsolidsfromthepressureoxidationstepwhichwillbedescribedlater.Suchacidicwashsolutionwillgenerallycontainiron,aluminum,magnesium,arsenicandothernonferrousmetalvaluesdissolvedinthepressureoxidationaswellassulphuricacid.Theacidicpretreatmentdecomposescarbonatesandacidconsumingganguecomponentswhichmightotherwiseinhibitthepressureoxidationstep.Theacidicpretreatmentstep18thusalsoreducesacidconsumptioninthesubsequentpressure
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oxidationstepandlimeconsumptioninaneutralizationstepwhichwillbedescribedlater.Itwillalsobenotedthatthepretreatmentstep18utilizesacidproducedinsituinthesubsequentpressureoxidationstep.
Thetreatedslurrymaybefurthertreatedbytheadditionofalignosulphonatechosenfromthegroupofcalcium,sodium,potassiumandammoniumlignosulphonate,priortooxidationatalevel0.1to10Kg/tofconcentrate.
Thepretreatedslurryfromapretreatmentstep18proceedsdirectlytopressureoxidationstep20wheretheslurryistreatedinoneormoremulticompartmentautoclavesatatemperatureoffromabout160toabout200C.andintowhichoxygenisspargedtomaintainatotalpressureoffromabout700toabout5,000kPa,withacidityof5to40g/LH2SO4tooxidizethe
sulphur,arsenicandantimonyminerals.Itisespeciallyimportanttooxidizethesulphidestoanoxidationstephigherthanfreesulphur,sincethepresenceoffreesulphurisdetrimentaltogoldrecovery.Insuchoxidation,ironistheeffectiveoxygentransferagent.Itisthereforenecessarythatadequateironbepresentinsolution,particularlyintheinitialcompartmentsoftheautoclave,thisbeingachievedbyensuringasufficientlyhighsteadystateacidity.
Additionally,theautoclaveacidityandtemperaturearecontrolledsuchthatthedesiredliberationofgoldisachievedbyoxidationofthesulphides,arsenidesandantimonialcompoundstoahigheroxidationstage,andatthesametimethephysicalcharacteristicsofthesolidsproducedaresuchthatsubsequentthickeningandwashingisfacilitated.Acidityandtemperaturecanbecontrolledbyrecyclingacidicwashsolutionandcoolingpondwater,aswillbedescribedinmoredetaillater,toappropriateautoclavecompartments.
Thepressureoxidationofpyriteresultsinthegenerationofferricsulphateandsulphuricacid.Someoftheferricsulphateishydrolyzedandmaybeprecipitatedashematite,ferricarsenate,hydroniumjarosite,basicferricsulphateoramixtureofthesecompounds.Thenatureoftheprecipitatedironspeciesdependsonsuchparametersastemperature,totalsulphatelevels,acidity,pulpdensity,gradeofconcentrateandthenatureandquantityofacidconsuminggangue.Thepressureoxidationofhighgradepyriteand/orarsenopyritefeedsathighsolidscontentsinthepulpgenerallyfavoursprecipitationoftheironasbasicferricsulphate,hydroniumjarositeorferricarsenate.
Accordingtoafurtherfeatureoftheinvention,ithasbeenfoundthatitisdesirable(forreducinglimerequirementsinaneutralizationsteppriortocyanidation)thatdissolvedironwhichbecomeshydrolyzedandprecipitatedinpressureoxidationstep20beprecipitatedashematiteratherthanasbasicferricsulphateorhydroniumjarosite,andfurtherthatsuchhematiteprecipitationcanbepromotedbymaintainingasufficientlyhighconcentrationofmagnesiuminthepressureoxidationstep.
Withtheprocessofthepresentinvention,ithasbeenfoundthathematiteisthepreferredformofironprecipitateinthepressureoxidationstep20,inthatitresultsinabetterreleaseofacidinpressureoxidationstep20whichisreadilyremovedbylimestoneinafirststageprecipitationstepwhichwillbedescribedlater,thusreducinglimerequirementsinthecyanidationcircuit.Also,theprecipitationofironasbasicferricsulphateand/orahydroniumjarositeisundesirablefortworeasons.Firstly,agreaterportionoflabilesulphate(whichisapotentiallimeconsumer)entersasubsequentneutralizationstepresultinginahigherconsumptionoflime.Secondly,thereactionoflimewithbasicferricsulphateandjarosites,withconversionoftheironprecipitatetoinsolubleironhydroxidesandgypsum,resultsinthegenerationofslimyprecipitates,increasesthesolidscontentandresultsinanincreasedlossofgoldandsilvertotheslimesbyadsorption.
Thus,ithasbeenfoundthatthereshouldbeasufficientamountofmagnesiuminthepressureoxidationstep20toproduceanMg:Femolarratiointhesolutionofatleastabout0.5:1.0andpreferablyatleastabout1:1.Manyauriferouspyriteorescontainappreciablelevelsofacidsolublemagnesiumwhichmaymeetatleastpartofsuchmagnesiumrepuirements.Inmanyinstanceshowever,thegoldandsulphidiccontentoftheoreisupgradedbyflotationstep12,therebyreducingthemagnesiumcontentoftheconcentratetotheoxidationstep20.Themagnesiumrequirementsofthepressureoxidationstep20maybeprovidedatleastinpartbythepreviouslymentionedrecyclesofacidicwashsolutionandcoolingpondwater(towhichmacnesiumionsmaybeaddedinamanneraswillbedescribedlater).
Afterasuitableretentiontimeinthepressureoxidationautoclave,forexampleabout1.5hours,theoxidizedslurryisrepulpedwithsolutionfromalaterliquidsolidsseparationstep28todilutetheslurrytolessthan10%solidsbyweightsoastoobtainefficientuseofflocculantwhichisaddedinrepulpingstep22.Solidsfromseparationstep24proceedtoasecondrepulpingstep26wherecoolingpondwaterisaddedtoformaslurryofagainlessthan15%byweight.Therepulpedslurrythusproceedstoseparationstep28fromwhichsolutionisrecycletorepulpingstep22aspreviouslymentioned.Thetreatmentofthesolidsfromseparationstep28willbedescribedlater.
Solutionfromseparationstep24containsacidanddissolvedironandnonferrousmetalsulphates.Someofthissolutionisrecycledtoacidicpretreatmentstep18andpressureoxidationstep20aspreviouslymentioned,andtheremainingsolutionproceedstoafirststageprecipitationstep30wherelimestoneisaddedtoraisethepHtoabout5andprecipitatemetalvaluessuchasferriciron,aluminumandarsenicaswellasremovingsulphatesulphurasgypsum.Flotationtailingsfromflotationstep12maybeusedinthisprecipitationstep.Theslurrythenpassestoasecondstageprecipitationstep32wherelimeisaddedtoraisethepHtoabout10toprecipitatemagnesiumandothermetalvalues.Theresultantslurryispassedtoliquidsolidsseparationstep34fromwhichrelativelypureseparatedwaterproceedstocoolingpond36forsubsequentuseinpressureoxidationstep20andrepulpingstep26aspreviouslydescribed.Thesolidsfromseparationstep34canbedisposedofastailings.
Ifdesired,thesecondstageprecipitationstep32maybelocatedaftertheseparationstep34(asindicatedindottedoutlineinthedrawing)sothatthewatersuppliedtothecoolingpondandsubsequentlytothepressureoxidationstep20andrepulpingstep26containsmagnesiumionswhichassistinmaintainingthepreviouslymentioneddesirabledissolvedmagnesiumconcentrationsinthepressureoxidationstep20.
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Also,ifdesired,aportionoftherepulpedslurryfromtherepulpingstep22maybepassedthroughaclassifier38(suchasacyclone)beforepassingtotheseparationstep24.Theclassifier38removesapreselectedoversizematerialsomeofwhichisrecycledtoregrindingstep14andsomeofwhichisregroundinregrindingstep40andpassedtopressureoxidationstep20.Suchafeatureenablesgoldtoberecoveredwhichmightotherwisehavebeenlostinrelativelyoversizematerialwhosetreatmenthadnotbeensatisfactorilycompletedinthepressureoxidationstep20.
Solidsfromtheseparationstep28passtoneutralizationstep44wherelimeisaddedtoraisethepHtoanextentsuitableforcyanidation,preferablyabout10.5.Waterfromalaterliquidsolidsseparationstep47isaddedtoachievethedesiredpulpdensityforcyanidation,namelyabout40toabout45%solidsbyweight.
Theneutralizedslurrythusproceedstoatwostagecyanidationstep46,withcyanidesolutionbeingaddedtothefirststage.Thepartlyleachedpulp(60to95%leached)cascadesintoaneightstagecarboninleachadsorptionsection48tocompletetheleachingandrecoverdissolvedgoldandsilver.Aftertheeighthstage,thebarrenslurryispassedtoliquidsolidsseparationstep47withtheliquidbeingrecycledtocyanidationstep46aspreviouslymentionedandthesolidsbeingdiscardedastailings.Theloadedcarbonpassestoametalsrecoverystep50whereloadedcarbonisstrippedunderpressurewithcausticcyanidesolution,andgoldandsilveraresubsequentlyrecoveredbyelectrowinningorothersuitablemeansfromtheeluate.Strippedcarbonisregeneratedinakiln,screenedandrecycledtothecarboninleachadsorptionstep48.
EXAMPLE
Thefeedmaterialwasarefractoryauriferousconcentrate,containingpyriteandarsenopyriteasthemajorsulphideminerals.Thechemicalcompositionoftheconcentratewas236g/tAu,0.1%Sb,7.0%As,4.2%CO2,24.7%Fe,21.8%SiO2and
19.3%S.Conventionalcyanidationextracted74%ofthegold,yieldingaresiduecontaining60g/tAu.
Theconcentratewasprocessedinacontinuouscircuitwhichconsistedofanoxidationfeedslurrypreparationtank,feedpumpingsystem,afourcompartmentautoclavehavingastaticvolumeof10L,anautoclavedischargesystem,anoxidationthickenerfeedtank,anoxidationthickener,andacountercurrentdecantationwashcircuitcomprisingtwothickenersandtheirrespectivefeedtanks.Thecontinuouscircuitalsocontainedagoldrecoverysectionwheregoldwasdissolvedfromtheoxidizedsolidsbycyanidationandadsorbedontocarbon,andaprecipitationsectionwherewasteacidicsolutionwastreatedwithlimestoneandlimetoprecipitatearsenic,metalsandassociatedsulphateasarsenates,metalhydroxidesorhydratedoxides,andgypsum,forrecycleofthemetalsdepletedsolutiontotheoxidationandwashcircuits.
Theconcentrate,asa72%slurryofsolidsinwater,waspretreatedanddilutedto38%solidswithacidicoxidationthickeneroverflowsolutioninthefeedpreparationtank,Theacidicsolution,containing2.9g/LAs,14.9%g/LFe(total),2.4g/LFe(ferrous)and26.1g/LH2SO4wassuppliedataratesufficienttoprovideanequivalentof100kgacidpertonneof
concentrate,todecomposethecarbonatespriortoautoclaving.Alignosulphonatewasalsosuppliedtothefeedslurry,atalevelof1kg/tconcentrate.Thepretreatedslurrywaspumpedintothefirstcompartmentoftheautoclave.Waterwasalsofedtothefirstcompartmentfortemperaturecontrol,dilutingthesolidscontentoftheoxidationslurryto16.7%.Oxygenwasspargedintoallcompartments.Theoxidationwasconductedat185C.andtheworkingpressurewascontrolledat1850kPa.Thenominalretentiontimeofthesolidsintheautoclavewas2.6hours.
Sampleswerecollectedfromtheindividualcompartmentstoprovideameasureoftheoxidationofsulphurandliberationofgold,asdeterminedbycyanideamenabilitytestingofthesampleofoxidizedsolids.Representativeautoclavesolutioncompositions,theextentofsulphuroxidationtothesulphateform,andgoldextractabilitydataobtainedunderthesecontinuouspressureoxidationconditionsaretabulatedbelow:
__________________________________________________________________________Solution%Cyanidationanalyses,
g/LSulphurResidueExtractionSamplepointAsFeFe2+H2SO4oxidationg/tAu%
Au__________________________________________________________________________Treatedfeed
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CLASSIFICAES
ClassificaonosEstadosUnidos 205/568,205/571,423/87,423/42,423/150.4,423/45,423/36,423/158,423/41,75/744,423/146,423/27
Classificaointernacional C22B11/08,C22B3/04,C22B,C22B3/00,C22B11/00,C22B3/08
Classificaocooperativa C22B11/04
Classificaoeuropeia C22B11/04
EVENTOS LEGAIS
Data Cdigo Evento Descrio
8ago.1997 FPAY FeepaymentYearoffeepayment:12
31out.1996 AS Assignment
Ownername:698638ALBERTALTD.,CANADAFreeformattext:ASSIGNMENTOFASSIGNORSINTERESTASSIGNOR:VIRIDIANINC.REEL/FRAME:008200/0150Effectivedate:19961024Ownername:SHERRITTGORDONLIMITED,CANADAFreeformattext:CHANGEOFNAMEASSIGNOR:SHERRITTGORDONMINESLIMITEDREEL/FRAME:008200/0281Effectivedate:19880601Ownername:SHERRITTINC.,STATELESSFreeformattext:CHANGEOFNAMEASSIGNOR:SHERRITTGORDONLIMITEDREEL/FRAME:008200/0118Effectivedate:19930705Ownername:VIRIDIANINC.,CANADAFreeformattext:CHANGEOFNAMEASSIGNOR:SHERRITTINC.REEL/FRAME:008200/0194Effectivedate:19960422
21jul.1993 FPAY FeepaymentYearoffeepayment:8
12jul.1989 FPAY FeepaymentYearoffeepayment:4
28maio1985 AS Assignment
Ownername:SHERRITTGORDONMINESLIMITED,2800COMMERCECOURTFreeformattext:ASSIGNMENTOFASSIGNORSINTEREST.ASSIGNORS:WEIR,DONALDR.GENIKSASBEREZOWSKY,ROMANM.REEL/FRAME:004406/0613Effectivedate:19850515
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