7/27/2019 texto para a Atividade Virtual 1 questionrio

1/1

Leia o texto abaixo ANTES de abrir o Questionrio (Atividade Virtual 1)que contm 1 !er"untas de m#lti!la escol$a sobre o texto% Voc& ter 'tentativas de minutos !ara res!onder s quest*es do questionrio%

Albert Einstein

Any list of the greatest thinkers in history contains the name of the brilliantphysicist Albert Einstein. His theories of relativity led to entirely new ways ofthinking about time, space, matter, energy, and gravity. Einstein's work led tosuch scientific advances as the control of atomic energy, even television is apractical application of Einstein's work. In 1!" Einstein became an e#aminer inthe $wiss patent office at %ern. In 1!&, at age ", he published the first of fivema+or(1)research papers. (he first one provided a theory e#plaining %rownianmovement, the )ig*)ag motion of microscopic particles in suspension. (hesecond paper laid the foundation for the photon, or +uantum theory of light. In it

('),he proposed that light is composed of separate packets of energy, called+uanta or photons, which have some of the properties of particles and some ofthe properties of waves. A third paper contained the special theory of relativitywhich showed that time and motion are relative to the observer, if the speed oflight is constant and the natural laws are the same everywhere in the universe.(he fourth paper was a mathematical addition to the special theory of relativity.Here Einstein presented his famous formula, E - mcc/, known as the energymass e+uivalence. In 11, Einstein published his general theory of relativity. Init he proposed that gravity is not a force, but a curve in the space*timecontinuum, created by the presence of mass.

Einstein spoke out fre+uently against nationalism, the e#alting of onenation above all others. He opposed war and violence and supported 0ionism,the movement to establish a ewish homeland in 2alestine. 3hen the 4a)iscame to power in 155, they critici)ed his ideas about 0ionism. He then movedto the 6nited $tates. In 15 Einstein learned that two 7erman chemists hadsplit the uranium atom. Einstein wrote to 2resident 8ranklin 9. :ooseveltwarning him that this scientific knowledge could lead to 7ermany developing anatomic bomb. He suggested the 6nited $tates begin its own atomic bombresearch. -o.ever (), he was devastated when the bomb was used againstcivilians in Hiroshima, apan. $hortly before his death, he wrote; I made one

great mistake in my life... when I signed the letter to 2resident :ooseveltrecommending that atom bombs be made< but there was some =ustification >the danger that the 7ermans would make them.