BASQUETE TEXTO

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BasketballFrom Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

This article is about the sport. For the ball used in the sport, see Basketball (ball). For other uses,

seeBasketball (disambiguation).

Basketball

Michael Jordangoes for aslam dunkat the oldBoston Garden

Highestgoverning

body

FIBA

First played 1891,Springfield,Massachusetts,U.S.

Characteristics

Contact Contact

Team members 10-20 (5 on court)

Mixed gender Single

Categorization Indoor (mainly) or Outdoor(Streetball)
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Equipment Basketball

Olympic Demonstrated in the 1904 and 1924 Summer

Olympics

Part of the Summer Olympic programme since

1936

Basketball is ateam sport, the objective being toshootaballthrough a horizontally positioned

basket to score points, while following a set ofrules. Usually, two teams of five players play on a

marked rectangularcourtwith a basket at each width end. Basketball is one of the world's most

popular and widely viewed sports.[1]

A regulation basketball hoop consists of a rim 18 inches (46 cm) in diameter and 10 feet (3.0 m) high

mounted to abackboard. A team can score afield goalby shooting the ball through the basket during

regular play. A field goal scores two points for the shooting team if a player is touching or closer to

the basket than thethree-point line, and three points (known commonly as a 3 pointerorthree) if the

player is behind the three-point line. The team with the most points at the end of the game wins, but

additional time (overtime) may be issued when the game ends with a draw. The ball can be

advanced on the court by bouncing it while walking or running (dribbling) or throwing (passing) it to a

team mate. It is a violation to move without dribbling the ball (travelling), tocarryit, or to hold the ball

with both hands then resume dribbling (double dribble).

Numerousviolationsare called "fouls." Disruptive physical contact (apersonal foul) is penalized, and

afree throwis usually awarded to an offensive player if he is fouled while shooting the ball.

Atechnical foulmay also be issued when certain infractions occur, most commonly

forunsportsmanlike conducton the part of a player orcoach. A technical foul gives the opposing

team a free throw, and the opposing team also retains possession of the ball.

Basketball has evolved many commonly used techniques of shooting, passing, dribbling, and

rebounding, as well as specializedplayer positionsand offensive and defensive structures (player

positioning) and techniques. Typically, the tallest members of a team will play "center", "power

forward" or"small forward" positions, while shorter players or those who possess the best ball

handling skills and speed play "point guard" or"shooting guard".

While competitive basketball is carefully regulated, numerousvariations of basketballhave

developed for casual play. Competitive basketball is primarily an indoor sport played on a carefully

marked and maintainedbasketball court, but less regulated variations are often played outdoors in

both inner city and remote areas.

Contents

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1 History

o 1.1 Creation

o 1.2 College basketball

o 1.3 High school basketball

o 1.4 Professional basketball

o 1.5 International basketball

o 1.6 Women's basketball

2 Rules and regulations

o 2.1 Playing regulations

o 2.2 Equipment

o 2.3 Violations

o 2.4 Fouls

3 Common techniques and practices

o 3.1 Positions

o 3.2 Strategy

o 3.3 Shooting

o 3.4 Rebounding

o 3.5 Passing

o 3.6 Dribbling

o 3.7 Blocking

4 Height

5 Variations and similar games

6 Social forms of basketball

7 Fantasy basketball

8 See also

9 References

10 Further reading

11 External links

History

Main article:History of basketball

Creation
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The first basketball court:Springfield College

In early December 1891,Canadian AmericanDr.James Naismith,[2]

a physical education professor

and instructor at the International Young Men's Christian Association Training School[3]

(YMCA)

(today,Springfield College) inSpringfield, Massachusetts, USA), was trying to keep his gym class

active on a rainy day. He sought a vigorous indoor game to keep his students occupied and at proper

levels of fitness during the longNew Englandwinters. After rejecting other ideas as either too rough

or poorly suited to walled-ingymnasiums, he wrote the basicrulesand nailed apeachbasket onto a

10-foot (3.05 m) elevated track. In contrast with modern basketball nets, this peach basket retained

its bottom, and balls had to be retrieved manually after each "basket" or point scored; this proved

inefficient, however, so the bottom of the basket was removed,[4]

allowing the balls to be poked out

with a longdoweleach time.

Basketball was originally played with asoccer ball. The first balls made specifically for basketball

were brown, and it was only in the late 1950s thatTony Hinkle, searching for a ball that would be

more visible to players and spectators alike, introduced the orange ball that is now in common use.

Dribbling was not part of the original game except for the "bounce pass" to teammates. Passing the

ball was the primary means of ball movement. Dribbling was eventually introduced but limited by the

asymmetric shape of early balls. Dribbling only became a major part of the game around the 1950s,

as manufacturing improved the ball shape.

The peach baskets were used until 1906 when they were finally replaced by metal hoops with

backboards. A further change was soon made, so the ball merely passed through. Whenever a

person got the ball in the basket, his team would gain a point. Whichever team got the most points

won the game.[5]

The baskets were originally nailed to the mezzanine balcony of the playing court,

but this proved impractical when spectators on the balcony began to interfere with shots. The

backboard was introduced to prevent this interference; it had the additional effect of allowing rebound

shots.[6]

Naismith's handwritten diaries, discovered by his granddaughter in early 2006, indicate that
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he was nervous about the new game he had invented, which incorporated rules from a children's

game called "Duck on a Rock", as many had failed before it. Naismith called the new game "Basket

Ball".[7]

The first official game was played in theYMCA gymnasium in Albany, New Yorkon January

20, 1892 with nine players. The game ended at 10; the shot was made from 25 feet (7.6 m), on a

court just half the size of a present-dayStreetballorNational Basketball Association(NBA) court. By

18971898 teams of five became standard.

College basketball

The 1899 University of Kansas basketball team, with James Naismith at the back, right.

Basketball's early adherents were dispatched to YMCAs throughout the United States, and it quickly

spread through the USA and Canada. By 1895, it was well established at several women's high

schools. While the YMCA was responsible for initially developing and spreading the game, within a

decade it discouraged the new sport, as rough play and rowdy crowds began to detract from theYMCA's primary mission. However, other amateur sports clubs, colleges, and professional clubs

quickly filled the void. In the years beforeWorld War I, theAmateur Athletic Unionand

theIntercollegiate Athletic Association of the United States(forerunner of theNCAA) vied for control

over the rules for the game. The first pro league, the National Basketball League, was formed in

1898 to protect players from exploitation and to promote a less rough game. This league only lasted

five years.

Dr. James Naismith was instrumental in establishingcollege basketball. His colleague C.O. Beamis

fielded the first college basketball team just a year after the Springfield YMCA game at thesuburbanPittsburghGeneva College.

[8]Naismith himself later coached at theUniversity of

Kansasfor six years, before handing the reins to renowned coachForrest "Phog" Allen. Naismith's

discipleAmos Alonzo Staggbrought basketball to theUniversity of Chicago, whileAdolph Rupp, a

student of Naismith's at Kansas, enjoyed great success as coach at theUniversity of Kentucky. On

February 9, 1895, the first intercollegiate 5-on-5 game was played atHamline Universitybetween

Hamline and the School of Agriculture, which was affiliated with theUniversity of Minnesota.[9][10]

The

School of Agriculture won in a 93 game.

In 1901, colleges, including theUniversity of Chicago,Columbia University,Dartmouth College, the

University of Minnesota, theU.S. Naval Academy, theUniversity of ColoradoandYale
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_of_Chicagohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amos_Alonzo_Stagghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Forrest_%22Phog%22_Allenhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/University_of_Kansashttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/University_of_Kansashttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basketball#cite_note-8http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geneva_Collegehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pittsburghhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/College_basketballhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Collegiate_Athletic_Associationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intercollegiate_Athletic_Association_of_the_United_Stateshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amateur_Athletic_Unionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/World_War_Ihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Basketball_Associationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Streetballhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Young_Men%27s_Christian_Association_Building_(Albany,_New_York)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basketball#cite_note-7http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Duck_on_a_Rock


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Universitybegan sponsoring men's games. In 1905, frequent injuries on the footballfield

promptedPresidentTheodore Rooseveltto suggest that colleges form a governing body, resulting in

the creation of the Intercollegiate Athletic Association of the United States (IAAUS). In 1910, that

body would change its name to theNational Collegiate Athletic Association(NCAA). The first

Canadian interuniversity basketball game was played at theYMCAinKingston, Ontarioon February

6, 1904, whenMcGill UniversityvisitedQueen's University. McGill won 97 in overtime; the score

was 77 at the end of regulation play, and a ten-minute overtime period settled the outcome. A good

turnout of spectators watched the game.[11]

The first men's national championship tournament, the National Association of Intercollegiate

Basketball tournament, which still exists as theNational Association of Intercollegiate

Athletics(NAIA)tournament, was organized in 1937. The first national championship for NCAA

teams, theNational Invitation Tournament(NIT) in New York, was organized in 1938; theNCAA

national tournamentwould begin one year later. College basketball was rocked by gambling

scandals from 1948 to 1951, when dozens of players from top teams were implicated inmatch

fixingandpoint shaving. Partially spurred by an association with cheating, the NIT lost support to the

NCAA tournament.

High school basketball

The examples and perspective in this article deal primarily with the United

States and do not represent aworldwide viewof the

subject. Pleaseimprove this articleand discuss the issue on thetalk

page.(August 2012)

A basketball game between theHeart Mountainand Powell High School girls teams, Wyoming, March 1944

See also:List of U.S. high school basketball national player of the year awards

Before widespread school district consolidation, most American high schools were far smaller than

their present-day counterparts. During the first decades of the 20th century, basketball quickly

became the ideal interscholastic sport due to its modest equipment and personnel requirements. In

the days before widespread television coverage of professional and college sports, the popularity of

high school basketball was unrivaled in many parts of America. Perhaps the most legendary of high

school teams was Indiana'sFranklin Wonder Five, which took the nation by storm during the 1920s,

dominating Indiana basketball and earning national recognition.

Today virtually every high school in the United States fields a basketball team

invarsitycompetition.[12]

Basketball's popularity remains high, both in rural areas where they carry

the identification of the entire community, as well as at some larger schools known for their

basketball teams where many players go on to participate at higher levels of competition after

graduation. In the 200304 season, 1,002,797 boys and girls represented their schools in

interscholastic basketball competition, according to theNational Federation of State High School
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p?title=Basketball&action=edithttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Countering_systemic_biashttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Point_shavinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Match_fixinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Match_fixinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NCAA_Men%27s_Division_I_Basketball_Championshiphttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NCAA_Men%27s_Division_I_Basketball_Championshiphttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Invitation_Tournamenthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NAIA_national_men%27s_basketball_championshiphttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Association_of_Intercollegiate_Athleticshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Association_of_Intercollegiate_Athleticshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basketball#cite_note-11http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Queen%27s_Universityhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/McGill_Universityhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kingston,_Ontariohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/YMCAhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Collegiate_Athletic_Associationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Theodore_Roosevelthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/President_of_the_United_Stateshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/College_footballhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yale_University


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Associations. The states ofIllinois,IndianaandKentuckyare particularly well known for their

residents' devotion to high school basketball, commonly calledHoosier Hysteriain Indiana; the

critically acclaimed filmHoosiersshows high school basketball's depth of meaning to these

communities.

There is currently no national tournament to determine a national high school champion. The most

serious effort was the National Interscholastic Basketball Tournament at the University of

Chicagofrom 1917 to 1930. The event was organized byAmos Alonzo Staggand sent invitations to

state champion teams. The tournament started out as a mostly Midwest affair but grew. In 1929 it

had 29 state champions. Faced with opposition from theNational Federation of State High School

AssociationsandNorth Central Association of Colleges and Schoolsthat bore a threat of the schools

losing their accreditation the last tournament was in 1930. The organizations said they were

concerned that the tournament was being used to recruit professional players from the prep

ranks.[13]

The tournament did not invite minority schools or private/parochial schools.

The National Catholic Interscholastic Basketball Tournament ran from 1924 to 1941 at Loyola

University.[14]

The National Catholic Invitational Basketball Tournament from 1954 to 1978 played at a

series of venues, includingCatholic University,GeorgetownandGeorge Mason.[15]

The National

Interscholastic Basketball Tournament for Black High Schools was held from 1929 to 1942

atHampton Institute.[16]

The National Invitational Interscholastic Basketball Tournament was held

from 1941 to 1967 starting out atTuskegee Institute. Following a pause duringWorld War IIit

resumed atTennessee State Collegein Nashville. The basis for the champion dwindled after 1954

whenBrown v. Board of Educationbegan an integration of schools. The last tournaments were held

atAlabama State Collegefrom 1964 to 1967.[17]

Professional basketball

Ad fromThe Liberatormagazine promoting an exhibition in Harlem, March 1922. Drawing byHugo Gellert.
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Teams abounded throughout the 1920s. There were hundreds of men'sprofessional

basketballteams in towns and cities all over the United States, and little organization of the

professional game. Players jumped from team to team and teams played in armories and smoky

dance halls. Leagues came and went.Barnstormingsquads such as theOriginal Celticsand two all-

African American teams, theNew York Renaissance Five("Rens") and the (still existing)Harlem

Globetrottersplayed up to two hundred games a year on their national tours.

In 1946, theBasketball Association of America(BAA) was formed. The first game was played

inToronto, Ontario, Canada between theToronto HuskiesandNew York Knickerbockerson

November 1, 1946. Three seasons later, in 1949, the BAA merged with theNational Basketball

Leagueto form theNational Basketball Association(NBA). By the 1950s, basketball had become a

major college sport, thus paving the way for a growth of interest in professional basketball. In 1959,

abasketball hall of famewas founded inSpringfield, Massachusetts, site of the first game. Its rosters

include the names of great players, coaches, referees and people who have contributed significantly

to the development of the game. The hall of fame has people who have accomplished many goals in

their career in basketball. An upstart organization, theAmerican Basketball Association, emerged in

1967 and briefly threatened the NBA's dominance until theABA-NBA mergerin 1976. Today the

NBA is the top professional basketball league in the world in terms of popularity, salaries, talent, and

level of competition.

The NBA has featured many famous players, includingGeorge Mikan, the first dominating "big man";

ball-handling wizardBob Cousyand defensive geniusBill Russellof theBoston Celtics;Wilt

Chamberlain, who originally played for the barnstormingHarlem Globetrotters; all-around starsOscar

RobertsonandJerry West; more recent big menKareem Abdul-Jabbar,Shaquille O'NealandKarl

Malone; playmakerJohn Stockton; crowd-pleasing forwardJulius Erving; European starsDirk

NowitzkiandDraen Petroviand the three players who many credit with ushering the professional

game to its highest level of popularity:Larry Bird,Earvin "Magic" Johnson, andMichael Jordan. In

2001, the NBA formed a developmental league, theNBDL. As of 2012, the league has 16 teams.

International basketball

XX. Olympic games Munich 1972Kreimir osiof Yugoslavia (blue shirt) vs.Petr Novickyof Czechoslovakia
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TheInternational Basketball Federationwas formed in 1932 by eight founding nations:

Argentina,Czechoslovakia, Greece, Italy, Latvia, Portugal, Romania and Switzerland. At this time,

the organization only oversaw amateur players. Its acronym, derived from the French Fdration

Internationale de Basketball Amateur, was thus "FIBA". Men's Basketball was firstincludedat the

Berlin1936 Summer Olympics, although a demonstration tournament was held in 1904. The United

States defeated Canada in the first final, played outdoors. This competition has usually been

dominated by the United States, whose team has won all but three titles, the first loss in a

controversial final game inMunichin1972against the Soviet Union. In 1950 the first FIBA World

Championshipfor men was held in Argentina. Three years later, the firstFIBA World Championship

for Womenwas held inChile. Women's basketball was added to the Olympics in 1976, which were

held inMontreal, Canada with teams such as theSoviet Union,BrazilandAustraliarivaling

theAmericansquads.

FIBAdropped the distinction between amateur and professional players in 1989, and in 1992,

professional players played for the first time in the Olympic Games. The United States' dominance

continued with the introduction of theirDream Team. However, with developing programs elsewhere,

other national teams started to beat the United States. A team made entirely of NBA players finished

sixth in the 2002 World Championships inIndianapolis,

behindYugoslavia,Argentina,Germany,New ZealandandSpain. In the2004 Athens Olympics, the

United States suffered its first Olympic loss while using professional players, falling toPuerto Rico(in

a 19-point loss) andLithuaniain group games, and being eliminated in the semifinals byArgentina. It

eventually won the bronze medal defeating Lithuania, finishing behind Argentina andItaly. In 2006, in

the World Championship of Japan, the United States advanced to the semifinals but were defeated

byGreeceby 10195. In the bronze medal game it beat teamArgentinaand finished 3rd behind

Greece and Spain. After the disappointments of 2002 through 2006, the U.S. regrouped,

reestablishing themselves as the dominant international team behind the "Redeem Team", which

won gold at the2008 Olympics, and the so-called "B-Team", which won gold at the2010 FIBA World

Championshipin Turkey despite featuring no players from the 2008 squad.

The all-tournament teams at the2002and2006FIBA World Championships, respectively held in

Indianapolis and Japan, demonstrate the globalization of the game equally dramatically. Only one

member of either team was American, namelyCarmelo Anthonyin 2006. The 2002 team featured

Nowitzki, Ginobili, Yao,Peja Stojakovicof Yugoslavia (now ofSerbia), andPero Cameronof New

Zealand. Ginobili also made the 2006 team; the other members were Anthony, Gasol,

hisSpanishteammateJorge GarbajosaandTheodoros PapaloukasofGreece. The only players on

either team to never have joined the NBA are Cameron and Papaloukas. The all-tournament team

from the2010 editionin Turkey featured four NBA playersMVPKevin Durantof Team USA and

theOklahoma City Thunder,Linas KleizaofLithuaniaand theToronto Raptors,Luis Scolaof

Argentina and theHouston Rockets, andHedo TrkoluofTurkeyand thePhoenix Suns. The only

non-NBA player was Serbia'sMilo Teodosi. The strength of international Basketball is evident in
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the fact that Team USA won none of the three world championships held between 1998 and 2006,

with Serbia (then known as Yugoslavia) winning in 1998 and 2002 and Spain in 2006.

Worldwide, basketball tournaments are held for boys and girls of all age levels. The global popularity

of the sport is reflected in the nationalities represented in the NBA. Players from all six inhabitedcontinents currently play in the NBA. Top international players began coming into the NBA in the mid-

1990s, including CroatiansDraen PetroviandToni Kuko, SerbianVlade Divac,

LithuaniansArvydas Sabonisandarnas Mariulionisand GermanDetlef Schrempf.

In the Philippines, thePhilippine Basketball Association's first game was played on April 9, 1975 at

theAraneta ColiseuminCubao,Quezon City. Philippines. It was founded as a "rebellion" of several

teams from the now-defunct Manila Industrial and Commercial Athletic Association which was tightly

controlled by the Basketball Association of the Philippines (now defunct), the then-FIBA recognized

national association. Nine teams from the MICAA participated in the league's first season thatopened on April 9, 1975. TheNBLis Australia's pre-eminent men's professional basketball league.

The league commenced in1979, playing a winter season (AprilSeptember) and did so until the

completion of the 20th season in1998. The1998/99season, which commenced only months later,

was the first season after the shift to the current summer season format (OctoberApril). This shift

was an attempt to avoid competing directly againstAustralia's various football codes. It features 8

teams from around Australia and one in New Zealand. A few players includingLuc Longley,Andrew

Gaze,Shane Heal,Chris AnsteyandAndrew Bogutmade it big internationally, becoming poster

figures for the sport in Australia. TheWomen's National Basketball Leaguebegan in 1981.

Women's basketball

Women ofMonterrey Institute of Technology and Higher Education, Mexico Cityplaying a game at the campus

gymnasium

In 1891, theUniversity of Californiaand Miss Head's School played the first women's interinstitutional

game. Women's basketball began in 1892 atSmith CollegewhenSenda Berenson, a physical

education teacher, modified Naismith's rules for women. Shortly after she was hired at Smith, she

went to Naismith to learn more about the game.[18]

Fascinated by the new sport and the values it

could teach, she organized the first womens collegiate basketball game on March 21, 1893, when

her Smith freshmen and sophomores played against one another.[19]

Her rules were first published in

1899 and two years later Berenson became the editor ofA.G. Spaldings first Women's Basketball
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dra%C5%BEen_Petrovi%C4%87http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dra%C5%BEen_Petrovi%C4%87http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dra%C5%BEen_Petrovi%C4%87http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toni_Kuko%C4%8Dhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toni_Kuko%C4%8Dhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toni_Kuko%C4%8Dhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vlade_Divachttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vlade_Divachttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vlade_Divachttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arvydas_Sabonishttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arvydas_Sabonishttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arvydas_Sabonishttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%A0ar%C5%ABnas_Mar%C4%8Diulionishttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%A0ar%C5%ABnas_Mar%C4%8Diulionishttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%A0ar%C5%ABnas_Mar%C4%8Diulionishttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Detlef_Schrempfhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Detlef_Schrempfhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Detlef_Schrempfhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philippine_Basketball_Associationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philippine_Basketball_Associationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philippine_Basketball_Associationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Araneta_Coliseumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Araneta_Coliseumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Araneta_Coliseumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cubaohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cubaohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cubaohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quezon_Cityhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quezon_Cityhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quezon_Cityhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Basketball_League_Australiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Basketball_League_Australiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Basketball_League_Australiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1979_NBL_Seasonhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1979_NBL_Seasonhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1979_NBL_Seasonhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=1998_NBL_Season&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=1998_NBL_Season&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=1998_NBL_Season&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=1998-99_NBL_Season&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=1998-99_NBL_Season&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=1998-99_NBL_Season&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Football_in_Australiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Football_in_Australiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Football_in_Australiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Luc_Longleyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Luc_Longleyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Luc_Longleyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andrew_Gazehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andrew_Gazehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andrew_Gazehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andrew_Gazehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shane_Healhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shane_Healhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shane_Healhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chris_Ansteyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chris_Ansteyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chris_Ansteyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andrew_Boguthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andrew_Boguthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andrew_Boguthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Women%27s_National_Basketball_Leaguehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Women%27s_National_Basketball_Leaguehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Women%27s_National_Basketball_Leaguehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monterrey_Institute_of_Technology_and_Higher_Education,_Mexico_Cityhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monterrey_Institute_of_Technology_and_Higher_Education,_Mexico_Cityhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monterrey_Institute_of_Technology_and_Higher_Education,_Mexico_Cityhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/University_of_California,_Berkeleyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/University_of_California,_Berkeleyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/University_of_California,_Berkeleyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Smith_Collegehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Smith_Collegehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Smith_Collegehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Senda_Berensonhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Senda_Berensonhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Senda_Berensonhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basketball#cite_note-18http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basketball#cite_note-18http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basketball#cite_note-18http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basketball#cite_note-Senda_Berenson_Papers-19http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basketball#cite_note-Senda_Berenson_Papers-19http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basketball#cite_note-Senda_Berenson_Papers-19http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spalding_(sports_equipment)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spalding_(sports_equipment)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spalding_(sports_equipment)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:03022012Borrego_plata09.JPGhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:03022012Borrego_plata09.JPGhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spalding_(sports_equipment)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basketball#cite_note-Senda_Berenson_Papers-19http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basketball#cite_note-18http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Senda_Berensonhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Smith_Collegehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/University_of_California,_Berkeleyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monterrey_Institute_of_Technology_and_Higher_Education,_Mexico_Cityhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Women%27s_National_Basketball_Leaguehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andrew_Boguthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chris_Ansteyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shane_Healhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andrew_Gazehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andrew_Gazehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Luc_Longleyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Football_in_Australiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=1998-99_NBL_Season&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=1998_NBL_Season&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1979_NBL_Seasonhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Basketball_League_Australiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quezon_Cityhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cubaohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Araneta_Coliseumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philippine_Basketball_Associationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Detlef_Schrempfhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%A0ar%C5%ABnas_Mar%C4%8Diulionishttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arvydas_Sabonishttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vlade_Divachttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toni_Kuko%C4%8Dhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dra%C5%BEen_Petrovi%C4%87


11/34

Guide.[19]

Berenson's freshmen played the sophomore class in the first women's intercollegiate

basketball game atSmith College, March 21, 1893.[20]

The same year,Mount HolyokeandSophie

Newcomb College(coached byClara Gregory Baer) women began playing basketball. By 1895, the

game had spread to colleges across the country, including Wellesley,Vassar, andBryn Mawr. The

first intercollegiate women's game was on April 4, 1896. Stanfordwomen playedBerkeley, 9-on-9,

ending in a 21 Stanford victory.

Women's basketball development was more structured than that for men in the early years. In 1905,

the Executive Committee on Basket Ball Rules (National Women's Basketball Committee) was

created by theAmerican Physical Education Association.[21]

These rules called for six to nine players

per team and 11 officials. TheInternational Women's Sports Federation(1924) included a women's

basketball competition. 37 women's high school varsity basketball or state tournaments were held by

1925. And in 1926, the Amateur Athletic Union backed the firstnational women's basketball

championship, complete with men's rules.[21]

TheEdmonton Grads, a touring Canadian women's

team based inEdmonton, Alberta, operated between 1915 and 1940. The Grads toured all over

North America, and were exceptionally successful. They posted a record of 522 wins and only 20

losses over that span, as they met any team which wanted to challenge them, funding their tours

from gate receipts.[22]

The Grads also shone on several exhibition trips to Europe, and won four

consecutive exhibition Olympics tournaments, in 1924, 1928, 1932, and 1936; however, women's

basketball was not an official Olympic sport until 1976. The Grads' players were unpaid, and had to

remain single. The Grads' style focused on team play, without overly emphasizing skills of individual

players. The first women'sAAUAll-America team was chosen in 1929.[21]Women's industrial leagues

sprang up throughout the United States, producing famous athletes, includingBabe Didriksonof

theGolden Cyclones, and theAll American Red Heads Team, which competed against men's teams,

using men's rules. By 1938, the women's national championship changed from a three-court game

totwo-court game with six players per team.[21]

The NBA-backedWomen's National Basketball Association(WNBA) began in 1997. Though it had

shaky attendance figures, several marquee players (Lisa Leslie,Diana Taurasi, andCandace

Parkeramong others) have helped the league's popularity and level of competition.

Otherprofessional women's basketballleagues in the United States, such as theAmerican

Basketball League (1996-1998), have folded in part because of the popularity of theWNBA. The

WNBA has been looked at by many as a niche league. However, the league has recently taken steps

forward. In June 2007, the WNBA signed a contract extension withESPN. The new television deal

runs from 2009 to 2016. Along with this deal, came the first ever rights fees to be paid to a women's

professional sports league. Over the eight years of the contract, "millions and millions of dollars" will

be "dispersed to the league's teams." The WNBA gets more viewers on national television

broadcasts (413,000) than bothMajor League Soccer(253,000)[23]

and theNHL(310,732).[24]

In a

March 12, 2009 article,NBAcommissionerDavid Sternsaid that in the bad economy, "the NBA is far
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