Produtos químicos renováveis sob a visão da química verde · Roberto Werneck, Outubro 2017...
Transcript of Produtos químicos renováveis sob a visão da química verde · Roberto Werneck, Outubro 2017...
RAW MATERIALS CHEMICALS PLASTIC RESINS FINISHED PRODUCTS
BRASKEM IN THE CONTEXT OF THE CHEMICAL INDUSTRY
NAPHTHANATURAL GASETHANOLSALT
ETHYLENEGREEN ETHYLENEPROPYLENECHLORINE/ SODA
PEGREEN PEPPPVC
COMPETITIVE INTEGRATION
BRAZIL (KTA)CHEMICALS: 3,752PE: 3,025PP: 1,975PVC: 710
USA (KTA)PP: 1,425
GERMANY (KTA)PP: 545
INDUSTRIAL PLANTPROJECTUNDER CONSTRUCTIONMEXICO (KTA)
PE: 1,050
BAHIABRASIL
1 CRACKER4 PE1 PP1 CHLORINE 1 PVC
ALAGOASBRASIL
1 CHLORINE2 PVC
RIO DE JANEIROBRASIL
1 CRACKER 1 PE 1 PP
RIO GRANDE DO SULBRASIL
1 GREEN ETHYLENE2 CRACKERS5 PE 2 PP
SÃO PAULOBRASIL
1 CRACKER2 PE2 PP1 SPECIALTY CHEM
PENNSYLVANIAUNITED STATES
1 PP
WEST VIRGINIAUNITED STATES
1 PP
NORDRHEIN-WESTFALENDEUTSCHLAND
1 PP
SACHSEN-ANHALTDEUTSCHLAND
1 PP
TEXASUNITED STATES
3 PP (+1)1 PE UTEC
VERACRUZMEXICO
1 CRACKER3 PE
BRASKEM IN THE CONTEXT OF THE CHEMICAL INDUSTRY
Life cycle analysis
CO2 captured by sugar cane
Ethanol mills produce renewable ethanol and power
Packaging and consumer goods made with renewable PE
100%recyclable
Carbon capture(Cradle to Braskem’s gate):
1t
of PE I’m green™
3.08tCO2.eq
captures
Braskem produces renewable ethylene and PE
PE
14C12C+13C
14C12C+13C
0,00000000012%99,99999999988%
0,00000000000%100,00000000000%
Composição isotópica Composição isotópica
Ethanol
Dehydration
Purification
Ethylene(polymer grade)
Sugar cane
Naphtha/ Ethane
Steam cracking
Purification
Ethylene(polymer grade)
Oil/ gas
PE
CONVENTIONAL PE vs RENEWABLE PE
Innovative catalyst
CASE STUDY – NEW GRADES OF I’m green™ POLYETHYLENE
Polymer plant improvements
Richer product portfolio
• internal development + vendor technology• pilot scale testing• industrial scale validation• scale‐up of catalyst production
• optimal processing conditions• energy integration
• new grades with existing cliente demand• high performance PE
CASE STUDY – NEW GRADE OF I’m green™ POLYETHYLENE
THE 12 PRINCIPLES OF GREEN CHEMISTRY
1 Prevention
2 Atom economy
3 Less hazardous chemical synthesis
4 Designing safer chemicals
5 Safer solventes and auxiliaries
6 Design for energy efficiency
7 Use of renewable feedstocks
8 Reduce derivatives
9 Catalysis
10 Design for degradation NOT APPLICABLE
11 Real‐time analysis for pollution prevention
12 Inherent safer chemistry for accident prevention
• less hydrogenation, better co‐monomer incorporation• less impurities, less purge
• raw materials are flammable
• PE is safe and non‐toxic
• no solventes are used
• no major changes to already eficiente plant• I’m green™ PE is made from renewable ethylene• new grades = more throughput
• no derivatives, straightforward reactions
• no derivatives, straightforward reactions
• recyclable product, circular economy
• online instrumentation and analyzers
• PE is safe and non‐toxic• raw materials are flammable
• all atoms used in polymerization
Preliminary, qualitative assessment intended only as input for an external evaluation which is still in progress
OTHER CASE STUDIES
1. PreventionPrevent waste rather than treat or clean up waste
2. Atom EconomyMaximize incorporation of all materials into the final product.
3. Less Hazardous Chemical Syntheses
4. Designing Safer Chemicals 5. Safer Solvents and AuxiliariesAvoid auxiliary substances (e.g., solvents, separation agents, etc.)
6. Design for Energy EfficiencyIf possible, at ambient temperature and pressure
7. Use of Renewable Feedstocks 8. Reduce DerivativesAvoid unnecessary derivatization
9. Catalysis 10. Design for DegradationChemical products should be designed not to persist in the environment.
N/A N/A N/A
11. Real-time analysis for PollutionPrevention
12. Inherently Safer Chemistry for Accident Prevention
Preliminary, qualitative assessment intended only as input for an external evaluation which is still in progress
ATOM ECONOMY IN NAPHTHA STEAM CRACKING
CH4
H2
CH4
H2
H2
H2
Naphtha
Steam cracking prod
ucts
Illustrative only, using a model compound (and some of the potential cracked products). The goal is not to represent any specific molecule, but instead to show the complexity of the chemical system.
Naphtha
ATOM ECONOMY IN NAPHTHA CRACKING
CH4
CH4 CH4 CH4
H2
H2
H2 H2 H2
CH4 CH4 CH4
CH4 CH4 CH4
CH4
H2
Cracking products
Illustrative only, using a model compound (and some of the potential cracked products). The goal is not to represent any specific molecule, but instead to show the complexity of the chemical system.
ATOM ECONOMY – RENEWABLE PE
6 CO2
6 H2O6 O2
2 C2H4 2/n (C2H4)n
2 C2H6O 2 C2H4 2 H2O
2 C2H6O 2 CO2
4 CO2
4 H2O 2/n (C2H4)n
6 O2
2n CO2
2n H2O 1 (C2H4)n
3n O2
3.14t CO2
1.28t H2O 1t (C2H4)n
3.42t O2
Illustrative only, does not include impurities, side reactions and other forms of carbono loss..