Sistemas de Separação II - Destilação Binária e Multicomponentes PDF

8/9/2019 Sistemas de Separao II - Destilao Binria e Multicomponentes PDF

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HE 8':-3-./0 1' +-9'3%-%& 1' F-%^- +-&&- +0$-3

?'+-"1-3%- -$9- :3'&&/0 ' 3'C3%


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230


72/113

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P"64"7(78( PQ$+(0

L0+:0"'"9' LM-X' Y'X' ` 0 40+:0"'"9' D6' 1'X' &-%3 :'$0 C6"1040+ 40"4'"93-./0 %"C'3%03 - 6+-'&:'4%Q4-./0 :3`e'&9-F'$'4%1-

L0+:0"'"9' LM-X' 2'&-10 ` 0 40+:0"'"9' D6' 1'X' &-%3 :'$0 90:0 40+

40"4'"93-./0 -F-%^0 1' 6+- '&:'4%Q4-./0:3`e'&9-F'$'4%1-

- &':-3-./0 1' 40+:0"'"9'& "/0 4M-X' "/0 :01' &'3 '&:'4%Q4-1-n 0& 40+:0"'"9'& +-%& $'X'& D6' 0 40+:0"'"9' 4M-X' $'X' 9'"1'+ - &-%3

:3'10+%"-"9'+'"9' :'$0 90:0n 0& 40+:0"'"9'& +-%& :'&-10& D6' 0 40+:0"'"9' 4M-X' :'&-10 9'"1'+ -

&-%3 :3'10+%"-"9'+'"9' :'$0 C6"10n 0& 40+:0"'"9'& 40+ :0"90 1' 'F6$%./0 '"93' 0& 40+:0"'"9'& 4M-X' &'3/0

1%&93%F6710& '"93' 0& :301690&E


73/113

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P"64"7(78(F PQ$+(F0

_% l$F+0$NMaLJ; w Vq

LV; x Jqq"eL\ ; Hq Vyq"eLK; HJ VKq"eLw; H\ Kq

Hqqq

2_ k JKq :&%-W_ k JJKu_

? % l$F+0$NMaLJ; w VqLV; x HzH"eL\ ; Hq R

JJw

P% l$F+0$NMaLV; x S"eL\ ; Hq VwK"eLK; HJ VKq"eLw; H\ Kq

yy\

2? k J\x :&%-

2P k JKJ :&%-

W'F

L0+:0"'"9' LM-X'2'&-10

L0+:0"'"9 'LM-X' Y'X'


74/113

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)& 10%& 4-&0& '^93'+0& &/0>

O']6^0 W09-$ O']6^0 R7"%+0

"u :3-90& +7"%+0

"u %"Q"%90 1' :3-90&

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230


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O']6^0 W09-$> 4033'&:0"1' -0 "b+'30 +7"%+0 1' :3-90& 9'S3%40&

V n yi, n Ln 1 x i, n 1

N

n

V n = L n 1P-$-".0 +-9'3%-$


77/113

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N

n

)G

) k _6"10 l#$I$? aG k G"#$%&"!

yAyB R

= RxAxB B

-:$%4-1- '"93' 0 C6"10 ' 0 !"#$%&"! >

1- 'DE qV :01'e&' &6F&*96%3 -&

40+:0&%.Z'& 1' X-:03 10!"#$%&"!:'$-& 40+:0&%.Z'& 10 $7D6%10 1'


78/113

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N

n

)G

) k _6"10 l#$I$? aG k G"#$%&"!

&%+%$-3+'"9'c - 40+:0&%./0 10'&9#

xAxB N

= N RxAxB Be H

( <

* <

* < eH


79/113

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L0"&%1'3-"10 - X0$-*$%1-1' 3'$-*X- 40"&9-"9' ' D6' - 40$6"-0:'3-"10 40+ 3']6^0 909-$ 4033'&:0"1' iD6'$- 1' +'"03 "b+'30 1':3-90&c 4M'


80/113

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o'"'3%4-+'"9'c - 'D6-./0 :3'X= 0 "b+'30 +7"%+0 1' :3-90& 9'S3%40&"'4'&%0& :-3- :30+0X'3 6+- &':-3-./0 '"93' 0& 40+:0"'"9'& % ' ;

0"1'> * % cC ` - C3-./0 +0$-3 10 40+:0"'"9' % "0 1'&*$-10 * ; cC ` - C3-./0 +0$-3 10 40+:0"'"9' ; "0 1'&*$-10 * % c) ` - C3-./0 +0$-3 10 40+:0"'"9' % "0 :301690 1' C6"10 * ; c) ` - C3-./0 +0$-3 10 40+:0"'"9' ; "0 :301690 1' C6"10< +%" ` 0 "b+'30 +7"%+0 1' :3-90& 9'S3%40&L%; ` - X0$-*$%1-1' 3'$-*X- '"93' 0& 40+:0"'"9'& % ' ;

x i,D

x j,D= N min

ij

x i,B

x j,B>BC$DK" '( T(7FU(


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! 'D6-./0 1' _'"&{' 9-+F`+ :01' &'3 1-1- '+ 9'3+0& 1-& X-,Z'&+0$-3'& 10& 40+:0"'"9'&

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d i

d j = N minij

b i

b j

$ $


82/113

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)6 '+ 9'3+0& 1-& 3'46:'3-.Z'& 10& :301690&

0"1'>! % cC ` - 3'46:'3-./0 10 40+:0"'"9' % "0 1'&*$-10! ; cC ` - 3'46:'3-./0 10 40+:0"'"9' ; "0 1'&*$-10! % c) ` - 3'46:'3-./0 10 40+:0"'"9' % "0 :301690 1' C6"10! ; c) ` - 3'46:'3-./0 10 40+:0"'"9' ; "0 :301690 1' C6"10< +%" ` 0 "b+'30 +7"%+0 1' :3-90& 9'S3%40&L%; ` - X0$-*$%1-1' 3'$-*X- '"93' 0& 40+:0"'"9'& % ' ;

r i,Dr j,D

= N minij r i,Br j,B


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d id j

= N minij b ib j

N min =log d Ld H

bH bLlog LH

3'-33-"f-"10c 9'+e&'

logd ibi

= N min log ij + logd j bj

logd ibi

= A log ij + B

! 'D6-./0 3':3'&'"9- 6+- 3'9- 40+> 40'Q4%'"9' -"


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logd ibi


dibi

Component 1

Light Key

Heavy Key

Component 4 Component 5

log

log a ij

2039-"90c 9'"10 1'9'3+%"-10 % ' ; 'c40"M'4'"10e&' - X0$-*$%1-1' 3'$-*X-10& 1'+-%& 40+:0"'"9'c& :01'e&'4-$46$-3 &6-& 40+:0&%.Z'&

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logd ibi


h+- C03+- +-%& 40"X'"%'"9' 1- 'D6-./0 '"X0$X'"10 -& X-,Z'& +0$-3'&:01' &'3 0F*1- '+ C6"./0 1- %"C03+-./0 1- -$%+'"9-./0

W0+-"10 0 F-$-".0

f i = d i + b i

d i =

N minij f i d

j

b j

1 + N minij d j b j

b i =f i

1 + N minij d j b j

?'&*$ /0 R6$*40+ 0"'"9'


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! X0$-*$%1-1' 3'$-*X-c "- X'31-1'c X-3%- -0 $0"


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230


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O']6^0 R7"%+0> 4033'&:0"1' -0 "b+'30 %"Q"%90 1' :3-90& 9'S3%40&' 1'X' M-X'3 :'$0 +'"0& 6+- ,0"- 1'"930 1- 40$6"- '+ D6' 0&40+:0"'"9'& -:3'&'"9-+ 40+:0&%.Z'& 40"&9-"9'&E

x B

1

00 1

q line

PinchPoint

RectifyingOperatingLine

StrippingOperatingLine

x F x D M o l e

F r a c

t i o n

A i n V a p o r , y

(b) Minimum reflux with pinch at the feed stage.

)

A(B)

(A)B

AB

ABC(D)

(A)BCD

ABCD ABCD

(a) Binary system. (b) Multicomponent system with all components distributing.

2-3="9'&'& &%


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NC

i = 1

ij x i,F ij = 1 q

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- C03+- 1' 3'&0$X'3 0 :30F$'+- ` 90+-"10 -& l


94/113

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&' 0& 40+:0"'"9'& 4M-X'& C03'+ -1f-4'"9'& '+ X0$-*$%1-1'c '"9/0 "/0'^%&9'+ 40+:0"'"9'& "/0 4M-X' '"93' '$'& ' 901-& -& 40+:0&%.Z'& * %BC &/0 40"M'4%1-&c X%&90 D6' - &':-3-./0 '"93' 0& 40+:0"'"9'& 4M-X'& `'&:'4%Q4-1- :03 1'Q"%./0n

"'&9' 4-&0c - 'D6-./0 ! ` 3'&0$X%1- :-3- 0 b"%40 X-$03 1' |c 0 D6-$ 4-%'"93' -& X0$-*$%1-1'& 3'$-*X-& 10& 40+:0"'"9' 4M-X'E ) X-$03 1- 3-%,:01' '"9/0 &'3 &6F&*9671- "- 'D6-./0 Pc - D6-$ ` 3'&0$X%1-1%3'9-+'"9' :-3- G+%" X%&90 D6' 9010& * %BC &/0 40"M'4%10&

1&64#&V5$DK" '$ W&F8I&MC&DK" '"F P"64"7(78(F0lL0+:0"'"9'& 4M-X'& 40+ X0$-*$%1-1' 3'$-*X- -1f-4'"9'&a

?'&*$ /0 R6$*40+:0"'"9'


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?'&*$ /0 R6$*40+:0"'"9'


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97/113

? & $-./0 R6$ 40+:0 9

U^'+:$0>h+- 40$6"- 1' 1'&*$-./0 0:'3-"10 - H\ F-3 ` -$%+'"9-1- 40+ $7D6%10&-963-10 - 6+- X-,/0 1' Hqqq {+0$NM ' 40+:0&%./0 1-1- :'$- 9-F'$--F-%^0E ! X0$-*$%1-1' 3'$-*X- '"93' 0& 40+:0"'"9'& 9-+F`+ `-:3'&'"9-1-E

-1f-4'"9'&

Component f i (kmol h 1) ij

Propane 30.3 16.5i -Butane 90.7 10.5n -Butane (LK) 151.2 9.04

i -Pentane (HK) 120.9 5.74n -Pentane 211.7 5.10n -Hexane 119.3 2.92n -Heptane 156.3 1.70n -Octane 119.6 1.00

L

?'&*$- /0 R6$*40+:0"'"9'


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? & $-./0 R6$ 40+:0 9

! +%&963- ` :-3- &'3 &':-3-1- '+ 6+ :301690 1' 90:0 D6' 3'46:'3-zz~ 1' "eF69-"0 ' zK~ 1' %e:'"9-"0 40+0 :301690 1' C6"10E2'3


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? & $-./0 R6$ 40+:0 9

N min =log

rL,D1 rL,D

rH,B

1 rH,Blog LH

L0+:0"'"9' Y'X' LM-X'> "eF69-"0L0+:0"'"9' 2'&-10 LM-X'> %e:'"9-"0

-a L-$46$' 0 "b+'30 +7"%+0 1' '&9#


100/113

? & $-./0 R6$ 40+:0 9

Fa L-$46$' -& 40+:0&%.Z'& 1' 90:0 ' 1' C6"10 6&-"10 - 'D6-./0 1'_'"&{' E

d H

bH =

f H (1 rH,B )

f H rH,B=

1 rH,B

rH,B=

1 0.95

0.95= 0.05263

h&-"10 0 40+:0"'"9' :'&-10 4M-X' 40+0 3'C'3="4%->

d i =

N minij f i d j

b j

1 + N minij d j b j

b i =f i

1 + N minij d j b j

!& X-,Z'& +0$-3'& "0 90:0 ' "0 C6"10 &/0 1'9'3+%"-1-& -93-X`& 1'


101/113

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102/113

? & $ ./0 R6$ 40+:0 9

d i =!

ij 16,6 f i 0,05263

1 + ! ij 16,616,6 0,05263

X0$-*X%1-1' 3'$-*X-'+ 3'$-./0 -040+:0"'"9' 4M-X':'&-10

fi alfa alfa(i,i-C5) numerador enominador di biC3 30.3 16.5 2.8745645 65308853 2155408.7 30.30 0.00i-C4 90.7 10.5 1.8292683 107806.7 1189.6071 90.62 0.08n-C4 151.2 9.04 1.5749129 14970.75 100.01293 149.69 1.51

i-C5 120.9 5.74 1 6.362967 1.05263 6.04 114.86n-C5 211.7 5.1 0.8885017 1.565603 1.0073954 1.55 210.15n-C6 119.3 2.92 0.5087108 8.42E-05 1.0000007 0.00 119.30n-C7 156.3 1.7 0.2961672 1.39E-08 1 0.00 156.30n-C8 119.6 1 0.174216 1.59E-12 1 0.00 119.60

1000 278.21 721.79

?'&*$- /0 R6$*40+:0"'"9'


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? & $ ./0 R6$ 40+:0 9

Component d i bi xi,D xi,B

Propane 30.30 0.0 0.1089 0.0i -Butane 90.62 0.08 0.3257 0.0001n -Butane 149.69 1.51 0.5380 0.0021i -Pentane 6.05 114.86 0.0217 0.1591n -Pentane 1.55 210.15 0.0056 0.2911n -Hexane 0.0 119.30 0.0 0.1653n -Heptane 0.0 156.30 0.0 0.2165n -Octane 0.0 119.60 0.0 0.1657

Total 278.21 721.80 0.9999 0.9999

d i =!

ij 16,6 f i 0,5263

1 + ! ij 16,616,6 0,5263

?'&*$-./0 R6$*40+:0"'"9'


104/113

! # $%&%' ( $)&*+

($,

($-

(.

(%

()

/

)

%

.

/ /&- /&0 /&% /&* $ $&- $&0

! " #

$ %

& ' ( & )

!"#$+!,+-&.)

? & $ ./0 R6$ 40 :0 9

#"X,%"& / #"X,( " 3) " /

LV HEJHy\xVz\\ wEVVVKJz\V%eL\ HEqJHHxzJzz VEqyKqVxVJH

"eL\ qEzKwHwx\V HEzzKwzHzqJ

%eLK qEyKxzHHxzJ eHEJyxywwwV

"eLK qEyqyKyqHyw eJEHVHqVzHJH

"eLw qE\wKVxJxKH ewEHKHV\xyH

"eLy qEJVq\\xzJH eHqEqKHJKHzK

"eLx q eHVExywyq\q\

log d ibi

= N min log ij + log d j bj

L63X- -f6&9-1-:'$0 U^4'$

?'&*$-./0 R6$*40+:0"'"9'


105/113

? & $ ./0 R6$ 40 :0 9

4a L-$46$' - 3-,/0 1' 3']6^0 +7"%+0 6&-"10 -& 'D6-.Z'& 1'h"1'3}001 E

L0+0 0& 40+:0"'"9'& 4M-X'& &/0 -1f-4'"9'&c "/0 M#40+:0"'"9'& "/0 4M-X'& '"93' '$'& ' 0 4#$46$0 :01' &'3&%+:$%Q4-10 4-$46$-"10 -:'"-& 6+- 3-%, :'$- 'D6-./0 ! 1'h"1'3}001E

! 3-%, '&9-3# '"93' 0& X-$03'& 1-& X0$-*$%1-1'& 3'$-*X-& 10&40+:0"'"9'& 4M-X'&c 06 &'f-c '"93' Kcy\ ' zcq\

NC

i = 1

ij x i,F ij

= 1 q

?'&*$-./0 R6$*40+:0"'"9'


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? & $ ./0 R6$ 40 :0 9

Table 9.3 Solution for the root of the Underwood Equation.

xF,i ij ij xi,F ij xi,F ij

= 7.0 = 7.3 = 7.2 = 7.2487

0.0303 16.5 0.5000 0.0526 0.0543 0.0538 0.05400.0907 10.5 0.9524 0.2721 0.2796 0.2886 0.29290.1512 9.04 1.3668 0.6700 0.7855 0.7429 0.76300.1209 5.74 0.6940 0.5508 0.4449 0.4753 0.46000.2117 5.10 1.0797 0.5682 0.4908 0.5141 0.5025

0.1193 2.92 0.3484

0.0854

0.0795

0.0814

0.08050.1563 1.70 0.2657 0.0501 0.0474 0.0483 0.04790.1196 1.00 0.1196 0.0199 0.0190 0.0193 0.0191

0.2797 0.0559 0.0532 0.0000

NC

i = 1

ij x i,F ij = 1 q

?'&*$-./0 R6$*40+:0"'"9'


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? & $ ./0 R6$ 40 :0 9

Table 9.4 Solution of the second UnderwoodEquation.

xD,i ij ij x i,D ij x i,D ij

0.1089 16.5 1.7970 0.19420.3257 10.5 3.4202 1.05200.5380 9.04 4.8639 2.71530.0217 5.74 0.1247 0.08270.0056 5.10 0.0285 0.01330.0 2.92 0.0 0.00.0 1.70 0.0 0.00.0 1.00 0.0 0.0

3.8655

L0+ 0 X-$03 '"40"93-101' | k ycJ\xy

R min + 1 = NC

i = 1

ij xi,D ij

!&&6+%"10 D6' * %BC ` -+'&+- 4-$46$-1- :'$-&

'D6-.Z'& 1' _'"&{'

G?%5 g H k VcxwKK

G?%5 k JcxwKK

80$6./0 1- &'


108/113

$ $

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! X0$-*$%1-1' 3'$-*X- :01' &'3 1'9'3+%"-1- F-&'-1- "- +`1%- 1-&

%"C03+-.Z'& 10 90:0 ' C6"10 40+0 C0% %"1%4-10 :-3- 0 6&0 40+ -'D6-./0 1' _'"&{'E

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230


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$ $

P"7'&DE(F T&7&8$F '( *$NK" '( *(OCA" 4$I$ Y&F8CI$F YC#%5"64"7(78(F

Y = 0.2788 1.3154 X + 0.4114 X 0.2910

+ 0.8268 ln X + 0.9020 ln X +1X

Y =N N min

N + 1X =

R R minR + 1

0"1'>OB P &/0 :-3d+'930& 1' 4033'$-./0< ` 0 "b+'30 3'-$ 1' :3-90& 9'S3%40&< +%" ` 0 "b+'30 +7"%+0 1' :3-90& 9'S3%40&G ` - 3-,/0 1' 3']6^0 3'-$ G+%" ` - 3-,/0 1' 3']6^0 +7"%+-

L033'$-./0-$


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X =R R min

R + 1

=3.153 2.866

3.153 + 1

= 0.0691

R = 3.153R min = 2.866 10 '^'+:$0

-"9'3%03

?'&*$-./0 R6$*40+:0"'"9'


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Y = 0.2788 1.3154 0.0691 + 0.4114 0.0691 0.2910

+ 0.8268ln0 .0691 + 0.9020 ln 0.0691 +1

0.0691

= 0.5822

Y =N N min

N + 10.5822 =

N 16 .6N + 1

N = 41 .1

2039-"90c &/0 "'4'&%0&Z[ :3-90& 9'S3%40&

?'&*$-./0 R6$*40+:0"'"9'


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Sistemas de Separação II - Destilação Binária e Multicomponentes PDF

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