RW. de Elltonloicgia, vol. 12, faac. 1-2, iulho 1941 ~ O H N SMART, Rio de Janeiro - Hrasil
L - --- p
- Apyrtula - - ---P- - 306. QarOTiitur - - - -- -- 334. *bra -p-p- - - - P - -p 308. P - Delopaia 3U.- Dniedziolda 308.
p p-p--
*-myia - - 307.- 3u , ~ e a l l o a a - - -
keoeroplatua - 304. fVeo&pheria -- -
P u w r - 3 G G --p-p
FB*?&X& P-- rgu* ~ e t r a&neur a 310' t
Yy8etophilfdae (Diptera) collected by the expedition to Matto Grosso of the Brazilian Zoological Club, in July 1939
by F. \V. E d W a r d s (t), British Museul~l (Natural History) (With 1 plate)
Through the kindness of Dr. C l e m e n t e P e rle i r a , Director of the Club, and of Dr. J o h n L a n e , collector of the material, I have hiid the privilege of studying the Mycetophilidae collected during the Expedition of the Clube Zoologico Brasileiro to Salobra, Matto Grosso, in July 1939. The collection included 60 specimens belonging to 22 species, of which 11 are described as new in this report; the high proportion of new species is only what might have been expected in view of th,e present rudimentary state of our knowledge of the Mycetophilid fauna of South America, land of Matto Grosso in particular. Three species of the sub- family Sciarinae, represented in the colletion by single spe- cimsens of doubtful identity, are not reported upon. It seems
worthy of note that tlot [nore than half a d o ~ e n of the species in this collection are also present in the large collection (300 or more species) made by Mr. F. P l a u m a n n in Santa Catharina.
The types of the new species are preserved in the British Museum through the generosity of Drs. C l e m e n t e P e r e i r a and L a n f e .
C e r o p l a t i n a e
C e r o p l a t u s Bosc.
N e o c e r o p l a t u s nov. aubg.
Differs from other subgenera of Cerop/atus in the form of the palpi, which though rigid and composed of only one distinct segment as usual are rather long and s1end:r. Vena- tion also peculiar in that the base of Rs is almost transverse, and veins M,, Cu, and An are all markedly abbreviated. A further small peculiarity (in the specimens available for study) is that the last (16th) antenna1 segment has a slender, white, term~nal projection which is protected abovc and below by a short black seta. Three ocelli; pleurote~gites hairy; tibid setae in regular rows throughout; vein R, ending in R,: all as in Ceroplatus S. str.
Subgenotgpe : Ceroplatus minirnax Edw. (Costa Kica).
C e r o p l u f u s (Neoceroplatus) nz i n i m a x Zdw., var.?
l 6. no. 1.202. This specimen differs froin the type male from Costa
Ric:i (which is no longer before me for exact cornparism) in having the dark ring on the hind Femur very narrow and close to base; wings with a larger dark spot over base of Ks, but spot surrounding R* quite separate from the dark area a t tip. A female from Nova Teutonia, Santa Catharina ( I-' l a U m a n n coll.) is much more like the Costa Rican type, having similar wing-markings a n 3 nearly the middle half of hind femur dlrk. Whether these Brazilian specimens repre- sent distinct species or mere variations of C. rninifnzx can only be judged when more material is available.
P l a t y u r a Mg.
P l a u t y r a , nov. subg.
Wings with branches of media and cubitus bare. Costa very little produced; radio-median fusion very long, several
Rev. de Entomologia, vol. 12, faec. 1-2, julho 1941 305
times as long as stem of median fork; M, complete; .An long but not 'reaching margin. Mesonotum uniformly setulose. Pleurotergites, postnotum and anepisternites bare. No spirac- ular hairs. Tibial setulae in numerous regular rows through- out. Spurs 1, 2, 2, outer spur of posterior tibiae not vefy short, both spurs normal and pointed, not enlarged a t tip as in Lapyruta. Hypopygium of simple type, with two teeth at the tip of the long flattened style.
Subgenotype, Platyura macilenta F. Lynch Arr. Additional species are P . (Lyprauta) burmisteri Edw., P . (Lapyruta) bafesi Edw. and the new species described below.
I-'luutyra is well distinguished from most or all other subgenera of Plalyura by the great leg@ of the rm fusion. By hypopygial structure and in general appearaqce it would seem to be allied to Isoneurornyia, from which it differs in its bare veins.
P l a t y u r a (Phu ty ra ) s a l o b r e n s i s , sp. n.
$. -- Hfead orange-yellow, with a black ocellar spot, face, palpi and first four or five antenna1 segments yellow, rest of antennae black. Eyes with the lower facets enlarged (an unusual feature which is also found in P. maci&rzta and may prove common to the species of this subgenus). Thorax orange yellow with an oval black spot above leach wing-root and faint indications of two narrow convergent dark stripes in front of scutellum, but no trace of median dark stripe; scutellum and postnotum darkened in middle, but pleurae entirely yellow. Abdomen with segments 1-5 yel- low, 5 entirely so but tergites 1-3 black basally and tergite 4 black except on its posterior margin; segments 6-8 and hypo- pygium entirely black. Legs yellow except for the darkened tarsi and black spurs. First front tarsal segment about 114 longer than tibia. Wings clear, no trace of darkening a t tip. Halteres with dark knob.
Wing-length 4.5 mm. 1 $, no. 1.191.
P. salobrensis is closely related to IJ. macilenta F. Lynch A., but the latter (as represented by a male in the British Museum taken by Mr. J . L a n e at SHo Paulo, 6.1V.39) is larger, with .a broad median black stripe on front of mesonotum, hind femur dark at base, and wing-tip distinctly darkened.
306 E d W a r d S, Nycetophilidae of Matto Grosso
A p y r f u l a , nov. subg.
Wings with branches of media and cubitus bare. Sc redu- ced to a short stump, beyond which it is only faintly taceable as a furrow. Costa unusually long, reaching nearly o r quite two-thirds of the distance from R, to M,. R, very short, situated at or beyond midway between tips of R, and R,. Radio-median fusion short, much shorter than stem of fork. M, narrowly interrupted a t the base (in the two known species). An short and indistinct. Three ocelli. Mesonoturn uniformly setulose. No spiracular, anepisternal, pleurotergal or meciiotergal hairs. Tibial setulae in regular rows througl~out, somfe rows rather stronger than others but not conspicuously so as in Phtyura S. str. Front tibial spur short; outer spur of middle tibia rudimentary, of hind tibia less. than half as long as inner spur. Hypopygium: Tergite rather short and truncate, not covering anal segment which is terminal in position. Coxitcs much longer than tergite, separated practical- ly to the base. Styles simple, ending in a single tooth-like prooess.
Subgenotype, thee new species d'escribed i~elow; a sec- ond species is also before me in the Plaumann collection.
Apyrtula differs from most if not all other subgenera of Pfalyuro in the abbreviated subcosta. Apart from this the characters as described above seem to indicate affinities with the subgenera Pytalula, Lyprauta and especially Platyura s.str.
P l a f y u r a (Apyrtuh) a b b r e v i n e r v i s , sp. n.
$. - Hlead black, face yellow. Palpi and base of antennae brownish, most of flagellum black, segments short, mostly much deeper than long, with short pubescence. 'Thorax black, scarcely shining, with the pronotum clear yellow and margin of scutellurn yellowish, otherwise unmarked. Abdomen black& ish, with posterior margins of tergites 2-5 broadly yellowish. Legs yellow, including all coxae, but middle and hind femora dark a t base beneath. Wings nearly clear, with a slight dark shade at tip on costal half, not extending below M,. Art scarcely reaching level of mcu. Halt'eres clear yellow. Hypopygium: style of moderate length, but markedly shorter ihali coxite, with conspicuous tufts of hairs on both outer alld inner margins before middle and ending in a slender, sharp, black-
Rev. de Entomologia, vol. 12, fasc. 1-2, julho 1941 307
ened point; t,egminal plate large and broad, reaching to end of coxites.
Wing-length about 3 mm. 1 $, no. 1.207.
S c i o p h i l i n a e
Mycorny ia c l u v a t a F . Lynch A. (?)
27 Q, nos. 1.206, 207, 210, 213, 214. This species is evidently nearly allied to M. dorsimacula
End. of Santa Catharina, and may perhaps be a form of it. Whcether either E n d e r l e i n ' S species or the Salobra form is the same as L y n c h ' S from ,Buenos Aires cannot a t present be decided. It is curious and War tuna te that most specimens of this group received at the British Museum are females, which cannot be. positively determined. The main characters of the group to which these species belong are as follows:
Branches of M and Cu all setose. Sc, ending about op- posite R,; Sc, present. fCu below or scarcely before base of Rs. Scutellum with four bristles. Abdominal tergites yellow basally a t sides, their post~erior margins dark. Middle coxa o i male with short spur (about half length of coxa) projeo ting forwards.
N e o e r n p h e r i a p e r e i r a i , sp. n.'
Q. - Head mainly dark brownish; scape brown, flagellum and palpi black. Ocellar bristles short. Thorax uniformly dark brown above and somewhat shining; bristles scantier than usual, dorso-centrals irregularly uniserial, acrostichals few; scutellum with two strong bristles as in all other known neo- tropical species. Pleurae mainly blackish-brown, but lower part of pl~eurotergite and whole of sternopleura whitish-yellow, the two colours abruptly separated. All coxae whitish yellow with the tips pale brownish yellow; femora and tibiae S ightly; darker than coxae, tarsi dark. Abdomen mainly blackish; tergite 2 with a rather narrow yellow transverse band beyond the middle but with whole of posterior margin dark; tergite 4 with a yellow spot on each side a t about the middle; 7
1) This species is also described in a revision of the Keotropical species of Neoempheria written in December 1239 for publication in "No- vitates Zoologicae".
308 E d W a r d S , b1ycetophilidae of Matto Grosso
mainly yellowish. Wings with very distinctive markings: distal third wholly dark, the dark area 6roadly connected on hind margin with a dark median band; basal third wholly clear. Sc reaching only a short distance beyond base of Rs, Sc, transverse ,and near its tip; small cell much shorter than stem' of median fork, which is rather long; ,costa distinctly produced; fCu well before base of Rs. Sc, M,, Cu,, and stem of Cu completely bare, M, and Cu, setose. Halteres dark.
Wing-length 3 mm. 1 Q. No. 1.210.
This species is very different from all others of the genus known to me from South h e r k a , in the colouring of thorax and abdomen and in the markings and trichiaW of the wiags.
C I u z o b r a l a n e i , sp. n.
6. - Head mainly dark, but flagellar segments (except the last few) 'each with the distal two-thirds yellow; palpi black. Thorax with the usual narrow dark stripes convergent behind, but thege less obvious than in some of the other species, the median stripe scarcely perceptible. Abdomen black- ish. Coxae mainly dark, hind coxae pale a t base. Hind femur yellow with a narrow dark ring a t base. Spurs blackish as usual. Wing with the macrotrichia dense, covering much of basal -11 a s in binocellaris. A blackish mark begins on base of Rs and extends narrowly into base of miedian fork. A narrow dark gmy band crosses wing beyond middle; on costal margin it touches but lies mostly beyond tip of Rs; on posterior margin and also in cell R, it is connected with a light grey area which covers much of the tip of the wing. Halteres with dark knob a s usual. Hypopygium: sternite with a pair of short poiniled projections in middle; styles definitely articulated to sternite (unlike the other specises), infolded and not visible in the dry specimen, entirely black, bare and pointed.
Wing-length 3.5 mm. 1 6. No. 1.210.
D z i e d z i c k i a c r y p t u r a , sp. 11.
$. - Head shining brownish, black on the ocellar area. Palpi of mod,erabe length, light brownish. Antennae not very long or stout, first 6-7 segments orange, rest blackish. Ocelli
Rev. de Entomologfa, vol. 12, faac. 1-2, julho 1941 309
rather large, respecially the laterals, which are nearly twice their diameter from the eyes. Thorax with scuturn shining black; prothorax, scutellum, ps tnotum and whole of pleurae yellow. dc and acr biserial; scutellum with four long bristles; only two long pronotal and one propleural; pleurotergites bare. Abdomen with segment 1 yellow, krgites 2-5 black with their posterior margins broadly yellow; 6-8 black; sternites 1-6 yellow. Hypopygium very small and withdrawn (so much so that I at first took the specimen to be a 9 ) ; structure simple, somewhat as in Tetragoneura; style simple, sinuous, pointed, black. Legs yellow, including spurs, only the tarsi dark; no secondary sexual fmeatures; tibial bristles fairly numerous but quite short. Wings slightly tinted; very short setae on all veins. Sc, placed a little beyond middle of basal cell, Sc, represented by a short stump, not reaching costa. fCu a little before base of rm. Halteres with knob darkened.
Q. - Resembles $ in colouring. Segments 3 and 4 of front tarsi very slightly thickened.
Wing-length about 2.5 mm. 1 6 (type), and IQ, no. 1.197. A second $? (no. 1.213)
has thle scutellum black and probably represents another species.
This species resembles D. nigra Fisher of Costa Rica in its bare pleurotergites, differing in its yellow pleurae. It is only provisionally referred to Dziedzickia, pending a revision of the South American genera and species of this group.
L e i a f u s c i c o r n i s , sp. n.
\ Q. - &longs to the completa group, agreeing with other species of this group in having four scutellar bristles, all veins reaching margin, yellow halteres, and wings with a.
I pre-apical dark band and two other dark marks. Very similar to L. completa Kert., diversicornis Kert. and inferrupta Kert., and agreeing with them in having three black marks on scutum postseriorly and pleurotergites clear yellow like the pleurae; differs from all three most obviously in the darker antennae, the flagellum being almost wholly blackish labove and only its first two or three segments yellowish below. Black marks on scutum sharply defined, the supra-alar spots small, median spot longer, squared off in front and extending half-way across scutellum; no other marks on thorax. Abdomen with (equally wide and complete black bands on each of
3 10 E d W a r d S, Mycetophilidae of Matto Grosvo
tergites 2, 3 and 4; 5 with a wider black band which almost reaches base in middie; 6 almost all black. Legs yellow, hind femur narrowly dark at base beneath as well as a t tip. Wings with the pre-apical band broad, dark, and equally distinct from costa to hind margin.
2 Q, nos. 1.214 (type) and 1.217.
L e i a i r z c o m p l e t a Edw. (?)
1 9, no. 1.243. Wing, plate 15, fig. 5.
L e i a s a l o b r e n s i s , sp. n.
Q. - Belongs to the truncatonsrvosa group i. e. with only two strong scutellar bristles, a strong ventral bristle on front tibia, and unmarked wings with both M, and Cu, abbrteviated, not reaching margin. ' Differs from all the species of this group hith'erto described in its much darker colouring. Hlead yellowish, darker across front; antennae short, first four or five segments pale, rest dark. Thorax mainly blackish brown, only anterior third of scutum and the whole scutelluin yellow. Abdomen blackish brown above, tergites 2-4 with small pale areas in middle at base, 5 with rather large basal lateral yellowish spots. Legs yellow, including all coxae; mid- dl'e and hind femora very narrowly blackish a t base beneath, hind flemur narrowly black a t tip. Bristles long and black; mid tibia with two ventral bristles. Spurs yellowish. Halteres yellow as in other species of this group.
1 Q, no. 1.210.
~ e t r a ~ o n e u r a f l a v i c a u d a , sp. n.
$. -- Hlead shining black; palpi clear yellow; antennae with first three segments yellowish, rest black. Ocelli in line, equidistant from one another and from eyes. Thorax entirely black, including pronotal lobes and hypopleura; mesonotum rather brightly shining, pleurotergites velvety black; bristles and hairs black. Mfesonotum with well-marked bare stipes. Scutellum with two long bristles. Abdomen with segments 1-0 entirely black and rather shining, 7-8 and the small hypo- pygium pale yellow. Ninth tergit'e almost divided illto two by a median constriction; style divided almost to base into two arms, the dorsal arm pointed and bare, the ventral arm more rounded at tip and with three strong bristly hairs which
Rev, de Entomologia, vol. 12, fasc. ,l-2, julho 1941 311
project ventrally. Legs yellow, including all coxae, but hind femur with nearly the distal half black and spurs and tarsi darkened. Coxae and middle tibia simple, the latter with three dorsal and three external bristles. Wings slightly and evenly tinted; R, pr'esent, the small cell short. R, and stem of median fork both somewhat longer than rm. All veins setulose as usual. Halteres clear yellow.
Q. - Differs from $ in having abdominal segments 5 and 6 a s well as ovipositor yellow; 4 with a broad yellow band a t base, and even 3 with some yellow a t base.
Wing-length about 2.2 mm. l $ (type), no. 1.218; 1 Q, no. 1.214.
The yellow genitalia in both sexes, and the form of the male styles, will distinguish this species from the other known South American species of the genus with simple legs.
M y c ' e t o p h i l i n a e
N e a l l o d i a b r e v i c o r r z i s (End.)
1 $, no. 1.206. This species, described as a n Allodia, must, I think, be
referred to the genus Neallodia, in spite of some divergences from the genotype, N . flavida Edw. In brevicornis there are several fairly strong anepisternal bristles, and the costa is scarcely produced beyond tip of 4 ; in flavida the lanepi- sternite has more numerous hairs which are however all very short, and the costa is conspicuously produced. In most other respects however the two species are extremely similar; they are evid'ently not nearly related to Allodia, but are much more like Cordyla, from which genus they differ chiefly in that thce second palpal segment is not a t all swollen.
The Salobra specimen agrees well with males of N. brevicorn;~ in the British Museum from Paraguay and 50 Paulo.
D e l o p s i s p l u n i v c n t r i s (End.)
1 $, no. 1.206. The genus Delopsis is extensively developed in Brazil,
and to it belong most of th~e species described by Enderleiw under Mycetophila or Plastacephala, a s well as numerous undescribed speciles in the British Museum collection.
S c i a r i n a e
P s e u d o s c i a r a : h i r t e l l u Schin. (?)
A male specimen (no. 1.207) agrees with Sc h i n e r 'S type male from Colombia in the following Matures: Thorax, abdomen, palpi and halteres black. Legs yellbw, including all coxae. Wings clear, not a t all darkened at tip; R, ends above f M ; costa reaches about half-way from R, to M,; An absent.
Five females (nos. 1.207, 210 and 214) are probably conspecific with this male, but differ as follows: Coxae more or less darkened (though not black even in the darkest spe- cimen); middle $emur darkened, and hind femur blackish. Wings evenly thkd~with brown over the whole surface, but not very dark. . -
P s e u d o s c i a r a c o x a l b s , sp. n.
E. - Allied to PS. hirtella, with which it agrees in its black colour and in venation as noted above, also in wing- length (4 mm.), differing as follows: Antenna with scape yellowish. First abdominal tergite pale yellow at. sides. Coxae all whitish yellow, strongly contrasting with the blackish mid- dle and hind femora. Wings largely clear in middle, but with the tip darkened a s far back as base of median fork; *much of axillary area also somewhat darkened. Halteres with t h t stem almost white, strongly contrasting with the black knob.
2 Q, nos. 1.199 and 214. U
P s e u d o s c i a r a g r i s u p e x , sp. n.
6. - Head, thorax and abdomlen black, moderately shin- ing. Palpi brownish. Thoracic hair and bristles black, the notopleural series moderately long and strong. Abdomen rather djensely clothed with black hair. Legs yellow, including all coxae; even the hind femur is very little darkenled. Wing& mainly clear, but the tip greyish to nearly as far as base of median fork; costal cell and hind margins also greyish. R, ending above or just beyond level of ./M; costa reaching scarcely more than a third of the distance from R, to M,; An represlented by s long row of macrotrichia. Halteres with black knob and yellowish stem. Hypopygium of the structure usual in this genus.
Rev. d e Entomologia, vol. 12, faac. 1-2, julho 1941 a18
Q. - Differs from 6 in having all coxae blackish, grey- dusted; fmnt femur dark exeept at tip; mid& and hind fenlora blackieh; wings with the grey area a t tip less extensivd, leaving aho$t the basal third of median fork clear. Lateral &&mina1 membrane yellow.
Wing-length about 4.5 mm. 1 $: (type), no. 1.217; 2 Q, nos. 1.205 and 218.
This species must be very similar to several others which have been described, such as striata Riibs., luteicoxa End., peduncaldla Ehd., ~ o d o x a Pettey and lindneri Ldf., but I do not find in the descriptions
^of these any mention of the darkened wing-tip, which appears to me to be of some diagnostic importance. PS. grisapex appears to be widely distributed in the Neotropical region, as there are very similar specimens in the British Museum from British Guiana and Trinidad; these however exhibit some variations.
- .-">l*
t h o r a c i c a Ldf.
In this specimen the wings are mainly light brownish, but with a clear area in the middle extending across the stem of the median fork and base of cubital fork. For the rest the specimen agrees with Lme n g e r S d o r f ' S description of the type female from Costa Rica, having two black marks on the thorax, and abdomen with tergite 1 yellow, 4 brownish yellow, 2, 3 and 5 blackish; legs yellow; bead black; palpi yellow; costa reaching 213 of distance from R, to M1; etc. L r 11 g e r S d o r f does not mention the wing-colour in his ,type.
P s e u d o s c i a r o t r i f a s c i a t a Coq.
1 Q, no. 1.197. A small species very much resembling PS. thoracica,
from which it diffmers chiefly in the colour of the abdomen; tergites 2-5 are each blackish with a narrow yellow band a t the base. C o q u i l l e t t ' s type was from Nicaragua, and I know of no other record. In the present specimen the wings are only faintly tinted, and the clearer area in the middle is thterefore only just discernibbe.
E u g n o r i s t e p e r n i t e n s , sp. n.
0. - Head brightly shining black, bare. Antennae and palpi black, the three palpal segments subequal in 1,ength and thickness. Labrum and labium about as long as eye. Eye-
bridges 2 facets wide. Thorax brightly shining black, both above and on sides, almost completely bare, with only a very kw minute dorso-central hairs. Abdomen with integument entirely dull, tergites not strongly chitinised; . black above and on sides, with narrow yellowish bands between seg- ments, venter yellow. Legs yellow, including all coxae; tarsi and hind femur and tibia darkened; spurs 1.2.2. as usual and 4
quite short; no obvious tibial bristles. Wings hyaline, veins dark except for stem of media. RI less ,than half as long las R and ending far before /M; costa reaching fully 314 of distanw from R, to M,; rm unusually short. Halteres blackish.
Wing-length about 2 mm. 1 Q, no. 1.214.
I refer this species to Lugnoriste on account of the elongation of ,the labrum and labium, but these parks are not so long a? In the North American species of the gend: ' * -
b
I w d a r d s Rev. de Entomologja, vol. 12, fasc. 1-8 XycetophIhdae of a t t o &OSW Plate 15
Fig. l. Cemplatw (h?eocsroplattcs) naifihw Bdw. yar. ? - Fdg. 2. ph&&ra ( R a w *,fa Edw. - Fig.. 3, NcwmpWfa *.- Flg. 4. CWm?ta =..(I'
Fig. 5. kro rmaottzpkba MW.