Gm Gm GBP Gj

BDwbU--- c„ôv � 108

gyNj I gyNj cieZ©x hy‡M evsjv evsjvq gyNj weR‡qi m~ÎcvZ N‡U mgªvU ûgvqy‡bi ivRZ¡Kv‡j| 1538 wLª÷v‡ã ûgvqyb evsjvi ivRavbx †MŠo AwaKvi K‡i gyNj kvm‡bi m~Pbv K‡ib| wKšÍz evsjvq Zuvi AwaKvi †ewkw`b ¯’vqx nqwb| c‡ii eQi †PŠmvi hy‡× (1539 wLª:) ûgvqy‡bi civR‡qi ci weRqx AvdMvb †bZv †ki Lvb GK weivU ˆmb¨`j wb‡q †MŠo AvµgY K‡ib| wZwb gyNj kvmbKZ©v Rvnv½xi Kzjx‡K civwRZ I wbnZ K‡i †MŠo `Lj K‡ib Ges evsjvq AvdMvb kvmb cÖwZôv K‡ib| Kiivbx AvdMvb es‡ki ivRZ¡Kv‡ji †klw`‡K gyNj mgªvU AvKei evsjv R‡qi cwiKíbv K‡ib Ges Zuvi †mbvcwZiv mvgwiK Awfhvb ïiy K‡ib| 1576 wLª÷v‡ã gyNj I AvdMvb‡`i g‡a¨ msNwUZ ivRgn‡ji hy‡×i d‡j evsjvq AvdMvb kvm‡bi cwimgvwß N‡U Ges m~wPZ nq gyNj kvmb| Z‡e mgMÖ evsjvq gyNj AvwacZ¨ cÖwZôvq h‡_ó mgq jv‡M| b`xgvZ…K evsjv cÖ‡`‡ki AbybœZ †hvMv‡hvM e¨e¯’v I Rwg`vi‡`i cÖwZ‡iv‡ai Kvi‡Y mgªvU AvKe‡ii ivRZ¡Kv‡j gyNj kvmb evsjvi DËi-cwðgv‡jB mxgve× _v‡K| gyNj mvgªvR¨fz³ GKwU myev A_©vr cÖ‡`‡ki kvmbKZ©v wn‡m‡e AvKe‡ii kvmbKvj n‡ZB evsjvq myev`vi wb‡qvM ïiy nq| mgªvU Rvnv½x‡ii kvmbvg‡j myev`vi Bmjvg Lvb Ôevi f‚uBqv' bv‡g cwiwPZ evsjvi Rwg`vi‡`i K‡Vvi n‡¯Í `gb K‡i G‡`‡k gyNj kvmb‡K my`„p wfwËi Ici cÖwZôv Ki‡Z mvnvh¨ K‡ib| Ab¨vb¨ †h mKj myev`vi Zuv‡`i Kg©KvÛ Øviv L¨vwZ AR©b K‡iwQ‡jb

evsjv‡`k Db¥y³ wek¦we`¨vjq

BwZnvm c„ôv � 109

Zuv‡`i g‡a¨ gxi Rygjv, kv‡q¯Ív Lvb, gywk©`Kzjx Lvb I Avjxe`x© Lv‡bi kvmbKvj D‡jøL‡hvM¨| 1717 wLª÷v‡ã gywk©`Kzjx Lv‡bi myev`vix `vwqZ¡ MÖn‡Yi ci †_‡K evsjvi kvmbKvj Ôbevex hyM' bv‡g AwfwnZ| G mg‡q evsjv cÖ‡`‡ki Ici gyNj KZ…©Z¡ wkw_j n‡q c‡o Ges evsjv Kvh©Z ¯^vaxb wQj| gywk©`Kzjx I Zuvi cieZx© myev`viMY bvggvÎ gyNj mgªv‡Ui AvbyMZ¨ ¯^xKvi Ki‡Zb| myev`vi c‡` wb‡R‡`i DËivwaKvix g‡bvbxZ K‡i Zuviv evsjvq cÖwZôv K‡ib eskMZ kvmb| gyNj mgªvU digvb Rvwi K‡i Zuv‡`i ¶gZv‡K ˆeaZv w`‡Zb| G BDwbUwU cvV K‡i Avcbviv evsjvq gyNj AwaKvi cÖwZôv, gyNj mvgªv‡R¨i GKwU cÖ‡`k wn‡m‡e myev`vix kvmb Ges K‡qKRb gyNj myev`v‡ii K…wZZ¡ I Ae`vb m¤ú‡K© Rvb‡Z cvi‡eb|

AvKe‡ii evsjv weRq

D‡Ïk¨ GB cvV c‡o AvcwbÑ • gyNj AwaKv‡ii c~‡e© Kviv evsjvi kvmb ¶gZvq wQ‡jb †m m¤ú‡K© Rvb‡eb; • mgªvU AvKe‡ii evsjv R‡qi KviY m¤ú‡K© e¨vL¨v w`‡Z cvi‡eb; • AvKe‡ii mgqKv‡j evsjv weR‡qi eY©bv w`‡Z m¶g n‡eb|

gyNj AwaKv‡ii c~‡e© evsjvi kvmKMY

mgªvU AvKe‡ii ivRZ¡Kv‡ji cÖ_g w`‡K Kiivbx AvdMvb esk evsjvi kvmb ¶gZvq AwawôZ wQ‡jb| G es‡ki cÖwZôvZv ZvR Lvb Kiivbxi g„Zz¨i ci myjvqgvb Lvb Kiivbx evsjvi wmsnvm‡b e‡mb| wZwb wQ‡jb GKRb weP¶Y I weÁ kvmK| AvdMvb m`©vi‡`i g‡a¨ HK¨ eRvq †i‡L wZwb wecyj mvgwiK kw³ M‡o †Zv‡jb| Kvh©Z evsjv, wenvi I Dwol¨vi GK”QÎ AwacwZ n‡jI wZwb cÖKv‡k¨ mve©‡fŠg ¶gZvi `vwe`vi wQ‡jb bv| mgªvU AvKe‡ii cÖwZ AvbyMZ¨ cÖ`k©b K‡i wZwb Zuv‡K g~j¨evb Dcnvi cvVv‡Zb Ges Zuvi bv‡g Lyrev cvV I gy`ªv Aw¼Z K‡ib| 1572 wLª÷v‡ã Zuvi g„Zz¨i ci Z`xq cyÎ ev‡qwR` evsjvi wmsnvm‡b Av‡ivnY K‡ib| wKšÍz Aíw`‡bi g‡a¨ Avgxi-IgivnMY Zuv‡K nZ¨v K‡i myjvqgv‡bi Aci cyÎ `vD` Kiivbx‡K wmsnvm‡b emvb| wZwb wQ‡jb A`~i`kx© kvmK| wcZvi Abym„Z bxwZ cwiZ¨vM K‡i wZwb ev`kvn Dcvwa aviY K‡i ¯^xq mve©‡fŠgZ¡ †NvlYv

cvV - 1

G BDwb‡Ui cvV¸‡jv n‡”Q t • cvV-1. AvKe‡ii evsjv weRq • cvV-2. evi f‚uBqv I Bmjvg Lvb wPkZx • cvV-3. kv‡q¯Ív Lvb • cvV-4. gywk©`Kzjx Lvb • cvV-5. Avwje`x© Lvb

Gm Gm GBP Gj

BDwbU--- c„ôv � 110

K‡ib| kw³kvjx ˆmb¨evwnbx I wekvj iv‡R¨i AwaKvix n‡q `vD` wb‡R‡K gyNj mgªvU AvKe‡ii mgch©vqfz³ g‡b K‡ib| wZwb wb‡Ri bv‡g Lyrev cvV I gy`ªv Rvwii e¨e¯’v K‡ib| G‡Z mgªvU AvKei Kiivbx ivR¨ Avµg‡Yi my‡hvM †c‡q hvb|

mgªvU AvKe‡ii evsjv R‡qi KviY

ïay `vD` Kiivbxi Abym„Z bxwZi d‡jB †h AvKei evsjv AvµgY K‡iwQ‡jb, Zv bq| Zuvi evsjv R‡qi †cQ‡b Av‡iv KviY wQj| mgMÖ fvi‡Z GK”QÎ mvgªvR¨ cÖwZôv wQj Zuvi j¶¨| †m D‡Ï‡k¨ wZwb G‡Ki ci GK ivR¨ R‡q g‡bvwb‡ek K‡ib| ¸RivU AwaKv‡ii ci AvKei Kiivbx ivR¨ Avµg‡Yi cwiKíbv K‡ib| ZvB GUv ¯úó †h, evsjv weRq wQj Zuvi mvgªvR¨ev`x bxwZiB Ask| wØZxqZ, Zuvi wcZv ûgvqyb GK mgq evsjv AwaKvi K‡iwQ‡jb| †PŠmvi hy‡×i ci †kikvn evsjv `Lj K‡ib| ZvB wcZ…ivR¨ cybiy×vi Kiv wZwb Zuvi KZ©e¨ e‡j g‡b Ki‡Zb| Z…ZxqZ, gyNjiv AvdMvb‡`i civwRZ K‡i fvi‡Zi ¶gZv `Lj K‡iwQj| ZvB c~e© kÎyZvi †Ri a‡i my‡hvM †c‡jB †h AvdMvbiv gyNj kw³i weiy‡× msMÖv‡g wjß n‡e †m Avk¼v we`¨gvb wQj| evsjv-wenvi-Dwol¨vi kw³ai AvdMvb ivR¨ n‡Z †h †Kvb mgq gyNj‡`i wec` NUvi m¤¢vebv wQj| G Kvi‡Y Kiivbx ivR¨ Rq K‡i AvdMvb kw³ wbgy©j Kiv AZxe Riyix KvR e‡j AvKei we‡ePbv K‡iwQ‡jb|

evsjv weR‡qi weeiY

myjvqgvb Kiivbxi RxeÏkvq mgªvU AvKei Kiivbx ivR¨ Avµg‡Yi my‡hvM cvbwb| 1572 wLª÷v‡ã ¸RivU AwfhvbKv‡j mgªvU AvKei myjvqgvb Kiivbxi g„Zz¨ msev` cvb| †m mgq A‡b‡K mgªvU‡K ¸RivU Awfhvb ¯’wMZ †i‡L evsjv Avµg‡Yi civgk© †`b| wKšÍz wZwb Zv‡Z ivwR nbwb| wZwb †RŠbcy‡ii gyNj kvmbKZ©v gywbg Lvb‡K Kiivbx ivR¨ Rq Kivi wb‡`©k †`b|

gywbg Lv‡bi †bZ…‡Z¡ gyNj evwnbx 1572 wLª÷v‡ã wenvi AvµgY K‡i| `vD` Kiivbx Zuvi wek¦¯Í DwRi †jvw` Lvb‡K gyNj AvµgY cÖwZnZ Kivi Rb¨ cvVvb| †jvw` Lvb bM` wZb j¶ UvKv I g~j¨evb Dcnvi Ki¯^iƒc w`‡Z ivwR nIqvq gyNj †mbvcwZ GK mwÜPyw³‡Z Ave× nb Ges †RŠbcyi cÖZ¨veZ©b K‡ib| mgªvU AvKei G‡Z gywbg Lv‡bi Ici AmšÍzó nb Ges Zuv‡K cybivq Kiivbx ivR¨ AwaKv‡ii wb‡`©k †`b|

gywbg Lvb 1573 wLª÷v‡ã cybivq wenvi AvµgY K‡ib| B‡Zvg‡a¨ `vD` Kiivbx Zuvi my‡hvM¨ DwRi †jvw` Lvb‡K m‡›`‡ni ekeZx© n‡q ew›` I nZ¨v K‡ib| Gi d‡j gyNj‡`i cÖwZ‡iv‡a †hvM¨ mvgwiK †bZ…‡Z¡i k~b¨Zv m„wó nq| gywbg Lvb I Zuvi evwnbxi cÖPÛ Avµg‡Y `vD` Kiivbx I Zuvi †mbvcwZiv wcQy nU‡Z eva¨ nq| Zuviv cvUbv `y‡M© Avkªq †bb Ges `yM© myiw¶Z Kivi cÖ‡qvRbxq e¨e¯’v MÖnY K‡ib| gywbg Lvb 1573 wLª÷v‡ãi b‡f¤^i gv‡m cvUbv `yM© Ae‡iva K‡ib| wKšÍz cÖvq bq gvm Ae‡iv‡ai ciI wZwb `yM© AwaKv‡i e¨_© nb| ZLb mgªvU AvKei wb‡RB wenvi Awfhv‡b AMÖmi nb| wZwb kw³ cÖ‡qv‡M cvUbvi `y‡f©`¨ `yM© R‡qi cwie‡Z© GK wfbœ †KŠkj Aej¤^b K‡ib| †h nvRxcyi kni †_‡K cvUbv `y‡M© wbZ¨cÖ‡qvRbxq mvgMÖxi mieivn Avm‡Zv wZwb my‡KŠk‡j Zv `Lj K‡i `y‡M©i mieivn e¨e¯’v wew”Qbœ K‡i †`b| G‡Z `vD` Kiivbx I Zuvi †mbvcwZiv wbivk n‡q c‡ob Ges cvUbv †Q‡o cvjv‡Z eva¨ nb| AvKei cvUbv AwaKvi K‡i wKQy`~i ch©šÍ cjvqgvb AvdMvb‡`i

evsjv‡`k Db¥y³ wek¦we`¨vjq

BwZnvm c„ôv � 111

AbymiY K‡ib| †k‡l gywbg Lv‡bi Ici Awfhv‡bi `vwqZ¡ w`‡q wZwb ivRavbx AvMÖvq cÖZ¨veZ©b K‡ib|

gywbg Lvb mgªv‡Ui wb‡`©k †gvZv‡eK `vD` Kiivbx‡K AbymiY K‡i G‡K G‡K myi_Mo, gy‡½i I fvMjcyi AwaKvi K‡ib Ges †k‡l Kiivbx iv‡R¨i ivRavbx ZvÛvq cÖ‡ek K‡ib| `vD` G mg‡q mßMÖvg A_©vr cwðg evsjvi w`‡K P‡j hvb| Zuv‡K AbymiY K‡i gyNj evwnbx mßMÖv‡gi w`‡K AMÖmi n‡j `vD` Kiivbx Dwol¨vq Avkªq †bb Ges gyNj‡`i weiy‡× hy‡×i Rb¨ cÖ¯ÍzZ nb| gywbg Lv‡bi Aax‡b gyNj evwnbx Dwol¨vq `vD‡`i AbymiY K‡i Ges ZzKviq bvgK ¯’v‡b `yB c‡¶ †NviZi hy× nq (gvP©, 1575 wLª:)| hy‡× `vD‡`i civRq N‡U Ges wZwb KUK `y‡M© Avkªq †bb| †kl ch©šÍ wbivk n‡q wZwb gywbg Lv‡bi m‡½ KU‡Ki mwÜ (12 GwcÖj, 1575 wLª:) ¯’vcb K‡ib| D³ mw܇Z w¯’i nq †h evsjv-wenvi gyNj mvgªvR¨fz³ n‡e Ges `vD` mgªv‡Ui mvgšÍiƒ‡c Dwol¨v kvmb Ki‡eb| AvbyM‡Z¨i wb`k©b ¯^iƒc `vD` mgªv‡Ui Rb¨ eû g~j¨evb Dcnvi mvgMÖx cvVvb|

wKš—z Aí w`‡bi g‡a¨B `vD` Kiivbx KU‡K m¤úvw`Z Pyw³i kZ©vejx f½ K‡ib| gyNj †mbvcwZ I kvmbKZ©v gywbg Lvb nVvr Amy¯’ n‡q ivRavbx ZvÛvq g„Zz¨eiY Ki‡j gyNj ˆmb¨‡`i g‡a¨ ˆbivR¨ I wek„´Ljv †`Lv †`q| G my‡hv‡M `vD` Kiivbx cwðg I DËi evsjv cybiy×vi K‡ib Ges ivRavbx ZvÛvq ¯^xq AwaKvi cyb:cÖwZôv K‡ib| gyNj ˆmb¨iv evsjv Z¨vM K‡i wenv‡i Avkªq †bq|

mgªvU AvKei gywbg Lv‡bi g„Zz¨ Ges `vD‡`i mwÜ f‡½i msev` †c‡q cvÄv‡ei kvmbKZ©v Lvb Rvnvb †nv‡mb Kzjx Lvb‡K evsjvi kvmbKZ©v I †mbvcwZ wb‡qvM K‡ib| ivRv †UvWigj Zuvi mnKvix wbhy³ nb| Zuviv Df‡q 1575 wLª÷v‡ãi b‡f¤^i gv‡m AvMÖv n‡Z wenvi Awfgy‡L iIbv nb| wenv‡i Avkªq MÖnYKvix gyNj ˆmb¨‡`i mv‡_ Zuv‡`i mv¶vZ N‡U fvMjcy‡i| Lvb Rvnv‡bi †bZ…‡Z¡ wekvj gyNj evwnbx evsjvi w`‡K AMÖmi nq| †ZwjqvMwn©‡Z GK`j AvdMvb ˆmb¨ Zv‡`i evav †`qvi †Póv K‡i| wKšÍz gyNj‡`i cÖPÛ Avµg‡Y Zviv cvjv‡Z eva¨ nq| `vD` Kiivbx ivRgn‡ji cÖ‡ek c‡_ gyNj evwnbxi weiy‡× k³ cÖwZ‡iva M‡o †Zv‡jb Ges Zv‡`i AMÖhvÎv _vwg‡q †`b| ZLb mgªv‡Ui wb‡`©‡k wenv‡ii kvmbKZ©v gyRvddi Lvb ZzievwZ Av‡iv ˆmb¨ wb‡q Lvb Rvnv‡bi m‡½ †hvM †`b| Ae‡k‡l 1576 wLª÷v‡ãi RyjvB gv‡m ivRgn‡ji wbK‡U GK cÖPÛ hy× msNwUZ nq gyNj I AvdMvb‡`i g‡a¨| G hy× ivRgn‡ji hy× bv‡g cwiwPZ| hy‡× `vD` Kiivbx m¤ú~Y©iƒ‡c civwRZ I ew›` nb| c‡i gyNj †mbvcwZiv Zuv‡K cÖvY`‡Û `wÛZ K‡i| Gi d‡j evsjvq Kiivbx AvdMvb es‡ki ivR‡Z¡i Aemvb N‡U|

mgªvU AvKe‡ii mg‡q evsjvq gyNj kvm‡bi m~ÎcvZ n‡jI ZLb mgMÖ evsjvi Ici gyNj AvwacZ¨ cÖwZwôZ nqwb| Lvb Rvnvb ivRgn‡ji hy‡×i ci ivRavbx ZvÛvq cÖ‡ek K‡ib| wZwb gyNj cÖkvmb cÖwZôvi cÖ‡qvRbxq D‡`¨vM MÖnY K‡ib| Gici wZwb mßMÖvg A_©vr cwðg evsjv I †NvovNvU ev DËie½ AÂj AwaKv‡i †bb| weRqx gyNj evwnbx c~e© evsjvqI Zv‡`i Awfhvb cwiPvjbv K‡i| gyNj‡`i Dcw¯’wZ‡Z fvIqvj A‡ji Rwg`viiv mgªvU AvKe‡ii ek¨Zv ¯^xKvi K‡ib| fvwU GjvKvi Rwg`viivI cÖ_‡g gyNj AvwacZ¨ †g‡b †bb| wKšÍz Lvb Rvnv‡bi ivRavbx‡Z cÖZ¨veZ©‡bi ci e„nr Rwg`viiv gyNj kvmb †g‡b wb‡Z A¯^xKvi K‡ib| Gid‡j gyNj kvmb Kvh©Z evsjvi DËi-cwðgv‡j mxgve× _v‡K| Rwg`vi‡`i `gb Kivi Rb¨ mgªvU AvKei kvnevR Lvb, DwRi Lvb I ivRv gvbwmsn-Gi g‡Zv †mbvcwZ‡`i evsjvi myev`vi K‡i cvVvb| wKšÍz AvKe‡ii ivRZ¡Kv‡j evsjvi Gme mvgšÍ f‚¯^vgx‡`i ¯’vqxfv‡e c`vbZ Kiv m¤¢e nqwb| G KvRwU m¤úbœ nq Zuvi cyÎ Rvnv½x‡ii kvmbKv‡j|

Gm Gm GBP Gj

BDwbU--- c„ôv � 112

mvims‡¶c

mgªvU AvKe‡ii evsjv weR‡qi D‡`¨vM wQj Zuvi mvgªvR¨ev`x bxwZiB Ask| ZvQvov †h AvdMvb‡`i nvZ †_‡K gyNjiv fviZe‡l©i ¶gZv wQwb‡q †bq †m AvdMvb kw³‡K wbg~©j Kivi cÖ‡qvRbxqZvI wZwb Abyfe K‡ib| †m D‡Ï‡k¨ 1572 wLª÷v‡ã Zuvi wb‡ ©‡k gyNj †mbvcwZiv evsjv AvµgY K‡ib| Kiivbx AvdMvb es‡ki †kl kvmK `vD` Lvb Kiivbxi weiy‡× cwiPvwjZ gyNj Awfhv‡bi me©‡kl NUbv wQj 1576 wLª÷v‡ãi ivRgn‡ji hy×| GB hy‡× weRqx gyNj †mbvcwZ Lvb Rvnvb evsjvq gyNj kvm‡bi m~Pbv K‡ib| cwðg Ges DËie½ AwaKvi K‡i gyNj evwnbx c~e© evsjvqI mvgwiK Awfhvb cwiPvjbv K‡i| wKšÍz fvwU GjvKvi mvgšÍ f‚¯^vgx‡`i m¤ú~Y©fv‡e `gb Kiv mgªvU AvKe‡ii †mbvcwZ‡`i c‡¶ m¤¢e nqwb| †m Kvi‡Y mgªvU AvKe‡ii mgqKv‡j evsjv cÖ‡`k wewRZ n‡jI gyNj kvmb Kvh©Z evsjvi DËi-cwðgv‡j kni I yM© GjvKvq mxgve× _v‡K| mgMÖ evsjvi Ici gyNj AvwacZ¨ cÖwZwôZ nq AvKe‡ii cyÎ I DËivwaKvix Rvnv½x‡ii ivRZ¡Kv‡j|

mnvqK MÖš’cÄx t 1. Ave`yjKwig, evsjvi BwZnvm (1200Ñ1857 wLª.)| 2. W. gyn¤§` Ave`yi iwng I Ab¨vb¨, evsjv‡`‡ki BwZnvm| 3. Muhammed Mohar Ali, History of the Muslims of Bengal, Vol. 1(A) 4. J.N. Sarkar, History of Bengal, Vol. II.

evsjv‡`k Db¥y³ wek¦we`¨vjq

BwZnvm c„ôv � 113

cv‡VvËi g~j¨vqbÑ ˆbe©¨w³K cÖkœ t mwVK Dˇii cv‡k wUK (√) wPý w`b| 1| Kiivbx AvdMvb es‡ki cÖwZôvZv †K? (K) `vD` Kiivbx (L) ZvR Lvb Kiivbx (M) myjvqgvb Lvb Kiivbx (N) ev‡qwR` Kiivbx| 2| gywbg Lv‡bi †bZ…‡Z¡ gyNj evwnbx KZ wLª÷v‡ã cÖ_g wenvi AvµgY K‡i? (K) 1568 wLª: (L) 1570 wLª: (M) 1572 wLª: (N) 1574 wLª:| 3| `vD` Kiivbxi ivRavbx †Kv_vq wQj? (K) ivRgnj (L) †MŠo (M) mßMÖvg (N) ZvÛv| 4| KUK `yM© †Kv_vq Aew¯’Z wQj? (K) wenvi (L) Dwol¨v (M) `vw¶YvZ¨ (N) gywk©`vev`| 5| ivRgn‡ji hy× KLb AbywôZ nq? (K) 1575 wLª: (L) 1576 wLª: (M) 1577 wLª: (N) 1586 wLª:| msw¶ß cÖkœ t 1| mgªvU AvKe‡ii evsjv R‡qi KviY D‡jøL Kiyb| 2| gywbg Lvb m¤ú‡K©hv Rv‡bb wjLyb| 3| `vD` Kiivbx m¤ú‡K©GKwU UxKv wjLyb| iPbvg~jK cÖkœ t 1| mgªvU AvKe‡ii evsjv weR‡qi c~‡e© evsjvi ivR‰bwZK Ae¯’vi eY©bv w`b| 2| mgªvU AvKe‡ii evsjv weR‡qi weeiY w`b|

Gm Gm GBP Gj

BDwbU--- c„ôv � 114

evi f‚uBqv I Bmjvg Lvb wPkZx

D‡Ïk¨ GB cvV c‡o AvcwbÑ • evi f‚uBqv ej‡Z Kv‡`i‡K eySvq Ges Zuv‡`i DrcwË wKfv‡e n‡jv †m m¤ú‡K© Rvb‡Z

cvi‡eb; • gyNj myev`vi Bmjvg Lvb wPkZx wKfv‡e evi f‚uBqv‡`i `gb K‡iwQ‡jb †m eY©bv w`‡Z

cvi‡eb|

evi f‚uBqv Kviv Ges Zuv‡`i DrcwËi e¨vL¨v

mgªvU AvKe‡ii ivRZ¡Kv‡j evsjv gyNj mvgªv‡R¨i GKwU myev ev cÖ‡`‡k cwiYZ n‡jI GLv‡b ZLb Kvh©Kifv‡e gyNj kvmb mycÖwZwôZ n‡Z cv‡iwb| DËi-cwðg evsjvi bMi I `yM© GjvKvq gyNj kvmb mxgve× wQj| evsjvi weL¨vZ Rwg`viMY gyNj kvm‡bi weiy‡× HK¨e× cÖwZ‡iva M‡o †Zv‡jb| Gme Rwg`vi‡`i wbR¯^ †bŠeni I ˆmb¨`j wQj| Zuviv mw¤§wjZfv‡e gyNj Avwac‡Z¨i weiy‡× mgªvU AvKe‡ii L¨vZbvgv mgibvqK‡`i m‡½ hy‡× wjß nb| evsjvi BwZnv‡m Gme Rwg`viiv evi f‚uBqv bv‡g L¨vZ| evi f‚uBqv ej‡Z eviRb cÖwm× f‚-¯^vgx eySv‡jI Avm‡j Gme Rwg`vi‡`i msL¨v wQj A‡bK| gymjgvb Ges wn›`yÑ Dfq m¤úª`vqfz³ wQ‡jb G Rwg`viMY|

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cvV - 2

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BwZnvm c„ôv � 115

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evi f‚uBqv‡`i weiy‡× Awfhvb

Bmjvg Lvb hLb ivRgnj n‡Z †NvovNvU †cŠu‡Qb ZLb h‡kvn‡ii Rwg`vi cÖZvcvw`Z¨ †¯^”Qvq gyNj‡`i ek¨Zv ¯^xKvi K‡ib| gyNj Avµg‡Y fxZ n‡q euvKzovi exi nvwgi, exif‚‡gi kvgm Lvb I wnRjxi mwjg Lvb mgªvU Rvnv½x‡ii AvbyMZ¨ †g‡b †bb| wKQyw`b e¨_© cÖwZ‡iv‡ai ci f‚lYv AÂj A_©vr dwi`cy‡ii Rwg`vi mÎwRr civRq ¯^xKvi K‡ib| mÎwRr-Gi mn‡hvwMZvq gyNj evwnbx gRwjm KzZy‡ei d‡Znev`I AwaKvi K‡i|

1609 wLª÷v‡ãi A‡±vei gv‡m Bmjvg Lvb †NvovNvU n‡Z cvebvi kvnRv`cyi †cŠu‡Qb Ges evi f‚uBqv‡`i †bZv gymv Lv‡bi myiw¶Z hvÎvcyi `yM© AvµgY K‡ib| G A‡ji WvKPivq Rwg`vi‡`i Av‡iv GKwU `yM© wQj| gymv Lv‡bi †bZ…‡Z¡ Rwg`viiv gyNj evwnbxi weiy‡× Zzgyj msN‡l© wjß nq| wKšÍz †kl ch©šÍ gyNj‡`i Zxeª Avµg‡Y Dfq `y‡M©i cZb N‡U Ges gymv Lvb I Zuvi wgÎiv cjvqb Ki‡Z eva¨ nb| AZci Bmjvg Lvb wPkwZ XvKvi w`‡K AMÖmi nb Ges webv evavq kn‡i cÖ‡ek K‡ib| G mgq wZwb XvKvq evsjvi ivRavbx ¯’vcb K‡ib (1610 wLª÷v‡ã) Ges Gi bvgKiY K‡ib Rvnv½xibMi| ivRavbx kn‡ii cÖwZi¶vi Rb¨ cÖ‡qvRbxq e¨e¯’vw`I wZwb MÖnY K‡ib|

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Gm Gm GBP Gj

BDwbU--- c„ôv � 116

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gymv Lv‡bi AvÍmgc©‡Yi ci Ab¨vb¨ we‡`ªvnx Rwg`vi‡`i g‡bvej †f‡½ c‡o Ges Zuviv gyNj AvwacZ¨ †g‡b †bq| G‡`i g‡a¨ Ab¨Zg wQ‡jb P›`ªØxc ev evK&jvi Rwg`vi ivgP›`ª| h‡kvn‡ii Rwg`vi cÖZvcvw`Z¨ cÖ_g w`‡K gyNj‡`i ek¨Zv ¯^xKvi Ki‡jI c‡i we‡ivwaZv K‡ib| Zuvi wQj GK wekvj ivR¨, A‡bK iY‡cvZ Ges ˆmb¨`jI wQj A‡bK eo| mjKv bvgK ¯’v‡b ˆZwi Zuvi `yM©‡K wZwb `y‡f©`¨ †f‡ewQ‡jb| Bmjvg Lvb Zuvi weiy‡× Awfhvb †cÖi‡Yi mgq we‡kl mZK©Zv Aej¤^b K‡ib| †mbvcwZ wMqvm Lvb I wgh©v bv_‡bi Aax‡b gyNj evwnbx cÖZvcvw`‡Z¨i mjKv `yM© Ae‡iva Ki‡j cÖZvcvw`‡Z¨i cyÎ D`qvw`Z¨ evav w`‡q e¨_© nb| c‡i cÖZvcvw`Z¨ KvMiNvUv `y‡M© ˆmb¨ mgv‡ek K‡i gyNj‡`i cÖwZ‡iv‡ai †Póv K‡ib| GLv‡bI †kvPbxq civRq eiY K‡i †k‡l wZwb AvÍmgc©‡Y eva¨ nb| ew›` Ae¯’vq Zuv‡K XvKvq Avbv nq| cÖZvcvw`‡Z¨i ivR¨ gyNj mvgªvR¨fz³ nq Ges †mbvcwZ wMqvm Lvb‡K h‡kvn‡ii kvmK wbhy³ Kiv nq| fzjyqvi Rwg`vi AbšÍ gvwbK¨ gyNj‡`i ek¨Zv ¯^xKvi bv Kivq Zuvi weiy‡× ˆmb¨ †cÖwiZ nq| gyNj evwnbxi weiy‡× msN‡l© wjß n‡q wZwb civwRZ nb Ges †k‡l AvivKv‡b cjvqb K‡ib| Zuvi kvwmZ AÂjI gyNj mvgªvR¨fz³ nq|

eZ©gvb wm‡jU †Rjvq Aew¯’Z eyKvBbM‡ii AvdMvb Rwg`vi Imgvb Lvb †jvnvbx wQ‡jb gyNj we‡ivax kw³i Ab¨Zg cÖavb e¨w³| gymv Lv‡bi ek¨Zv ¯^xKv‡ii ciI wZwb gyNj AvwacZ¨ †g‡b wb‡Z A¯^xK…wZ Rvbvb| Zuvi eyKvBbMi ivR¨ Lye wekvj wQj bv, wKšÍz wZwb †QvU eo K‡qKwU `yM© wbg©vY K‡i Zuvi ivR¨‡K `y‡f©`¨ K‡i iv‡Lb| Gevi Bmjvg Lvb Imgv‡bi w`‡K `„wó †`b Ges Zuvi weiy‡× GK wekvj evwnbx †cÖiY K‡ib| K‡qKwU LÛ hy‡×i ci Imgvb eyKvBbMi †Q‡o cvwj‡q hvb Ges wm‡j‡Ui `yM©g cve©Z¨ A‡j NuvwU ¯’vcb K‡ib| gyNj evwnbx eyKvBbMi `yM© AwaKvi Ki‡Z m¶g n‡jI Imgvb Lvb‡K m¤ú~Y© civ¯Í Ki‡Z e¨_© nq| c‡ii eQi Bmjvg Lvb myRvZ Lv‡bi †bZ…‡Z¡ GK wekvj ˆmb¨evwnbx Imgv‡bi weiy‡× cvVvb| 1612 wLª÷v‡ãi gvP© gv‡m eZ©gvb †gŠjfxevRvi †Rjvi †`ŠjZcyi bvgK ¯’v‡b Dfqc‡¶ GK i³¶qx hy× nq| hy‡× Imgvb Lvb civwRZ I wbnZ nb| exi‡Z¡i m‡½ jovB Ki‡jI †kl ch©šÍ Zuvi ˆmb¨iv Ab‡b¨vcvq n‡q myRvZ Lv‡bi wbKU AvZ¥mgc©‡Y eva¨ nq| kªxn‡Æi Av‡iKRb AvdMvb Rwg`vi evqwR` KiivbxI ZLb gyNj evwnbxi Kv‡Q AvZ¥mgc©Y K‡ib| d‡j mgMÖ wm‡jU AÂj gyNj KZ…©Z¡vax‡b Av‡m|

Bmjvg Lv‡bi myev`vi wbhyw³i gvÎ 4 eQ‡ii g‡a¨ evsjvi wekvj GjvKvq gyNj weRq m~wPZ nq| Dˇi †NvovNvU †_‡K `w¶‡Y mgy`ª Ges cwð‡g ivRgnj †_‡K c~e©w`‡K wm‡jU I `w¶Y-c~‡e© †dbx b`x ch©šÍ mgMÖ f‚fvM gyNj kvmbvax‡b Av‡m| Gi c‡i Bmjvg Lvb DËi-c~e© mxgvšÍeZx© †KvPwenvi, Kvgiƒc I KvQv‡oi cÖwZ `„wó †`b| †KvPwenv‡ii ivRv j²xbvivqY gyNj‡`i m‡½ wgÎZv ¯’vcb K‡ib| wKšÍz Kvgiƒ‡ci ivRv cixw¶Z bvivqY J×Z¨c~Y© AvPiY Kivq Bmjvg Lvb Kvgiƒc Rq K‡ib| wZwb 1613 wLª÷v‡ã KvQvo iv‡R¨i weiy‡× Awfhvb †cÖiY K‡ib| KvQv‡oi ivRv cÖZvcbvivqY K‡qKwU hy‡× civwRZ n‡q gyNj mgªv‡Ui ek¨Zv ¯^xKvi K‡ib| d‡j KvQvoI wewRZ nq| 1613 wLª÷v‡ãi AvM÷ gv‡m gvÎ 43 eQi eq‡m myev`vi Bmjvg Lvb g„Zz¨gy‡L cwZZ nb|

Bmjvg Lv‡bi K…wZZ¡

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BwZnvm c„ôv � 117

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mvims‡¶c

mgªvU AvKei evsjvq gyNj AwaKvi I gyNj kvm‡bi m~ÎcvZ K‡ib| wKšÍz Zuvi weL¨vZ †mbvcwZiv A‡bK †Póv K‡iI mgMÖ evsjvq gyNj AwaKvi cÖwZôv Ki‡Z cv‡iwb| evi f‚uBqv bv‡g cwiwPZ evsjvi cye©v‡ji mvgšÍ Rwg`viiv gyNj‡`i cÖwZ‡iva K‡ib| G‡`i HK¨e× cÖwZ‡iv‡ai Kvi‡Y AvKe‡ii mgqKv‡j gyNj kvmb evsjvi DËi-cwðg A‡j mxgve× _v‡K| evi f‚uBqv‡`i m¤ú~Y©fv‡e `gb Kivi K…wZZ¡ mgªvU Rvnv½x‡ii Avg‡j gyNj myev`vi Bmjvg Lvb wPkZxi| GKwU myôz cwiKíbvi gva¨‡g Bmjvg Lvb Zuv‡`i‡K c`vbZ Kivi KvRwU m¤úbœ K‡ib| †mRb¨ wZwb cÖ_‡g evsjvi ivRavbx ivRgnj †_‡K XvKvq ¯’vbvšÍi K‡ib| cieZx©Kv‡j wZwb c~e© evsjvi wewfbœ A‡ji Rwg`vi‡`i weiy‡× G‡K G‡K mgi Awfhvb cwiPvjbv K‡ib| Rwg`vi‡`i kw³‡K weaŸ¯Í K‡i wZwb G A‡j gyNj kvmb mycÖwZwôZ K‡ib| mgMÖ evsjvq gyNj AvwacZ¨ cÖwZôvq Zuvi Ae`vb D‡jøL¨‡hvM¨ I cÖksmbxq|

mnvqK MÖš’cÄx t 1. Ave`yjKwig, evsjvi BwZnvm (1200Ñ1857 wLª.)| 2. W. gyn¤§` Ave`yi iwng I Ab¨vb¨, evsjv‡`‡ki BwZnvm| 3. Muhammed Mohar Ali, History of the Muslims of Bengal, Vol. 1(A) 4. J.N. Sarkar, History of Bengal, Vol. II.

cv‡VvËi g~j¨vqbÑ

ˆbe¨©w³K cÖkœ t mwVK Dˇii cv‡k wUK (√) wPý w`b| 1| Cmv Lvb †Kvb A‡ji Rwg`vi wQ‡jb? (K) mßMÖvg (L) fzjyqv (M) †mvbviMuvI (N) P›`ªØxc| 2| evi f‚uBqv‡`i g‡a¨ h‡kvn‡ii Rwg`vi †K? (K) mÎwRZ (L) †K`vi ivq (M) gymv Lvb (N) cÖZvcvw`Z¨| 3| XvKvq evsjvi ivRavbx ¯’vwcZ nq KZ wLª.?

Gm Gm GBP Gj

BDwbU--- c„ôv � 118

(K) 1608 wLª. (L) 1610 wLª. (M) 1611 wLª. (N) 1613 wLª.| 4| fzjyqvi Rwg`vi AbšÍ gvwbK¨ gyNj‡`i Kv‡Q civwRZ n‡q †Kv_vq cjvqb K‡ib? (K) AvivKv‡b (L) Avmv‡g (M) wÎcyivq (N) XvKvq| 5| j²xbvivqY †Kvb iv‡R¨i ivRv wQ‡jb? (K) KvQvo (L) †KvPwenvi (M) Avmvg (N) Kvgiƒc| 6| myev`vi Bmjvg Lvb KZ eQi eq‡m gviv hvb? (K) 33 eQi (L) 37 eQi (M) 42 eQi (N) 43 eQi| msw¶ß cÖkœ t 1| evsjvi evi f‚uBqv ej‡Z Kv‡`i‡K eySv‡bv nq? 2| evi f‚uBqv‡`i DrcwË wKfv‡e n‡qwQj? 3| evsjvi †Kvb †Kvb A‡j evi f‚uBqv‡`i Rwg`vix cÖwZwôZ wQj? 4| evi f‚uBqv‡`i weiy‡× mvgwiK Awfhvb †cÖi‡Yi c~‡e© myev`vi Bmjvg Lvb wK ai‡bi cÖ¯ÍzwZ I

cwiKíbv MÖnY K‡ib? iPbvg~jK cÖkœ t 1| Kviv evi fu~Bqv bv‡g evsjvi BwZnv‡m cwiwPZ? wKfv‡e Zuv‡`i DrcwË nq? 2| myev`vi Bmjvg Lvb wKfv‡e evi f‚uBqv‡`i `gb K‡iwQ‡jb? 3| evi fu~Bqv ej‡Z Kv‡`i‡K eySvq? wKfv‡e Zuv‡`i‡K `gb Kiv nq?

evsjv‡`k Db¥y³ wek¦we`¨vjq

BwZnvm c„ôv � 119

kv‡q —v Lvb

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kv‡q Ív Lv‡bi PÆMÖvg weRq

cvV - 3

Gm Gm GBP Gj

BDwbU--- c„ôv � 120

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BwZnvm c„ôv � 121

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†KvPwenvi I mxgvšÍ m¤úwK©Z e¨e ’v

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Gm Gm GBP Gj

BDwbU--- c„ôv � 122

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evsjv‡`k Db¥y³ wek¦we`¨vjq

BwZnvm c„ôv � 123

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mnvqK MÖš’cÄx t 1| Ave`yj Kwig, evsjvi BwZnvm (1200-1857 wLª.) 2| W. gyn¤§` Ave`yi iwng I Ab¨vb¨, evsjv‡`‡ki BwZnvm| 3| Muhammed Mohar Ali, History of the Muslims of Bengal, Vol. 1 A. 4| J.N. Sarkar, History of Bengal, Vol.II.

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Gm Gm GBP Gj

BDwbU--- c„ôv � 124

(K) 60 eQi (L) 62 eQi (M) 63 eQi (N) 65 eQi| 4| jvjevM `y‡M©i wbg©vY KvR †K ïiy K‡ib? (K) gxi Rygjv (L) kvnRv`v Avhg (M) kv‡q¯Ív Lvb (N) Bev`Z Lvb| 5| wdwi½x Rj`my¨iv †Kvb RvwZfz³ wQj? (K) cZz©wMR (L) Bs‡iR (M) divwm (N) w`‡bgvi| 6| PÆMÖvg weR‡qi cÖavb †mbvcwZ †K wQ‡jb? (K) Bev`Z Lvb (L) Bmjvg Lvb (M) w`jvIqvi (N) eyRyM© D‡g` Lvb| 7| XvKvq Bs‡iR B÷ BwÛqv †Kv¤úvwbi evwYR¨ KzwV KLb cÖwZwôZ nq? (K) 1633 wLª: (L) 1658 wLª: (M) 1668 wLª: (N) 1672 wLª:| 8| evsjvq kv‡q¯Ív Lv‡bi myev`vix kvmb KLb †kl nq? (K) 1688 wLª: (L) 1689 wLª: (M) 1690 wLª: (N) 1692 wLª:| msw¶ß cÖkœ t 1| Bs‡iR ewYK‡`i m‡½ kv‡q¯Ív Lv‡bi m¤úK© wel‡q msw¶ß Av‡jvPbv Kiyb| 2| kv‡q¯Ív Lv‡bi †KvPwenvi I mxgvšÍ m¤úwK©Z e¨e¯’v eY©bv w`b| iPbvg~jK cÖkœ t 1| evsjvi myev`vi wn‡m‡e kv‡q¯Ív Lv‡bi K…wZZ¡ Av‡jvPbv Kiyb| 2| Bs‡iR BwÛqv †Kv¤úvwbi m‡½ myev`vi kv‡q¯Ív Lv‡bi we‡iv‡ai KviY I djvdj ch©v‡jvPbv

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BwZnvm c„ôv � 125

gywk©`Kzjx Lvb

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Gm Gm GBP Gj

BDwbU--- c„ôv � 126

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evsjv‡`k Db¥y³ wek¦we`¨vjq

BwZnvm c„ôv � 127

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BDwbU--- c„ôv � 128

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mnvqK MÖš’cÄx t 1| Ave`yj Kwig, evsjvi BwZnvm (1200-1857 wLª.)| 2| W. gyn¤§` Ave`yi iwng I Ab¨vb¨, evsjv‡`‡ki BwZnvm| 3| Muhammed Mohar Ali, History of the Muslims of Bengal, Vol. 1(A). 4| J.N. Sarkar, History of Bengal, Vol.II.

cv‡VvËi g~j¨vqbÑ

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evsjv‡`k Db¥y³ wek¦we`¨vjq

BwZnvm c„ôv � 129

2| gywk©`Kzjx KLb evsjvi w`Iqvb nb? (K) 1696 wLª÷v‡ã (L) 1698 wLª÷v‡ã (M) 1700 wLª÷v‡ã (N) 1703 wLª÷v‡ã| 3| gywk©`Kzjx Lvb hLb evsjvi w`Iqvb c` jvf K‡ib ZLb evsjv myevi myev`vi †K wQ‡jb? (K) kvn myRv (L) kvnRv`v AvwRg DwÏb (M) nvRx kwd B¯úvnvbx (N) diiyL wkqvi| 4| KLb evsjvi ivR¯^ `dZi gywk©`vev‡` ¯’vbvšÍwiZ nq? (K) 1700 wLª÷v‡ã (L) 1703 wLª÷v‡ã (M) 1704 wLª÷v‡ã (N) 1707 wLª÷v‡ã| 5| gywk©`Kzjx Lvb KLb evsjvi myev`vi nb? (K) 1710 wLª÷v‡ã (L) 1713 wLª÷v‡ã (M) 1717 wLª÷v‡ã (N) 1727 wLª÷v‡ã| 6| gywk©`Kzjx Lv‡bi ivR¯^ ms¯‹vi wK bv‡g AwfwnZ? (K) gvj Rvwgbx (L) cÂmbv e‡›`ve¯Í (M) m~h©v¯Í AvBb (N) Rwg`vix e‡›`ve¯Í| msw¶ß cÖkœ t 1| evsjvi myev`vixi `vwqZ¡ jv‡fi c~‡e© gywk©`Kzjx Lvb wK wK c‡` `vwqZ¡ cvjb K‡ib? 2| gvj Rvwgbx e¨e¯’vi e¨vL¨v w`b| 3| BD‡ivcxq ewYK‡`i cÖwZ gywk©`Kzjx Lv‡bi bxwZ wK wQj? iPbvg~jK cÖkœ t 1| myev`vi wn‡m‡e gywk©`Kzjx Lv‡bi K…wZZ¡ Av‡jvPbv Kiyb| 2| gywk©`Kzjx Lv‡bi ivR¯^ e¨e¯’v ch©v‡jvPbv Kiyb|

Gm Gm GBP Gj

BDwbU--- c„ôv � 130

Avwje`x© Lvb

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Avwje`x© Lv‡bi cÖ_g Rxeb I Zuvi gmb` jvf

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evsjv‡`k Db¥y³ wek¦we`¨vjq

BwZnvm c„ôv � 131

1733 wLª÷v‡ã Avwje`x© Lvb wenv‡ii bv‡qe bvwRg c‡` wbhy³ nb Ges myRvDwχbi mycvwi‡k mgªvU Zuv‡K cuvP nvRvix gbme cÖ`vb K‡ib| G mgq †_‡K evsjvi ivRbxwZ‡Z Avwje`x© Lv‡bi cwiev‡ii cÖfve-cÖwZcwË e„w× cvq| wenv‡ii kvmbKv‡h© Avwje`x© h‡_ó `¶Zvi cwiPq †`b| B‡Zvc~‡e© `ye©j kvm‡bi my‡hv‡M Rwg`viiv †mLv‡b Aeva¨ nq Ges ivR¯^ cÖ`v‡b Mwogwm K‡i| Avwje`x© Lvb Zv‡`i weiy‡× ˆmb¨ cvwV‡q wbqwgZ Ki Av`v‡qi e¨e¯’v K‡ib| gy‡½i †Rjvi we‡`ªvnx DcRvwZ¸‡jv‡KI wZwb k³nv‡Z `gb K‡ib| Gi d‡j Avwje`x© Lv‡bi mybvg e„w× cvq|

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Gm Gm GBP Gj

BDwbU--- c„ôv � 132

Avwje`x© Lvb Avevi Dwol¨vq hvb Ges ivqcyi bvgK ¯’v‡b GK hy‡× wgR©v ev‡Ki‡K civwRZ K‡ib (wW‡m¤^i, 1741 wLª:)| wZb gvm Zuvi KU‡K Ae¯’v‡bi d‡j †mLv‡b kvwšÍ cÖwZwôZ nq| AZci beve †kL gvmy` cvwbc_x‡K Dwol¨v cÖ‡`‡ki bv‡qe bvwRg wbhy³ K‡i ivRavbx‡Z cÖZ¨veZ©b K‡ib|

Avwje`x© I gvivVv AvµgY

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`vw¶Yv‡Z¨i gvivVv iv‡R¨i AwacwZ wkevRxi †cŠÎ ivRv kvûi †bZ…‡Z¡ gvivVv bvqKiv kw³ cÖ‡qvM I jyUZiv‡Ri gva¨‡g †PŠ_ bvgK Ki Av`v‡qi AwfcÖv‡q wewfbœ w`‡K nvbv w`‡Z _v‡K Ges G cÖwµqv‡Z Zviv evsjv ch©šÍ †cŠu‡Q| 1742 wLª÷v‡ã bvMcy‡ii gvivVv bvqK iNyRx †fuvmjv Zuvi cÖavgš¿x fv¯‹i cwÛZ‡K 40 nvRvi ˆmb¨ mn evsjv AvµgY Ki‡Z cvVvb| ea©gvb I gywk©`vev` mn we¯ÍxY© A‡j jyUZivR I AwMœ-ms‡hvM K‡i e¨vcK ¶q¶wZ mvab Ki‡jI fv¯‹i cwÛZ G Awfhv‡b †kvPbxq civRq eiY K‡i wd‡i †h‡Z eva¨ nq| c‡ii eQi iNyRx †fuvmjv ¯^qs gvivVv evwnbxi †bZ…Z¡ w`‡q wZwbI e¨_© nb| 1744 wLª÷v‡ã Z…Zxq gvivVv AvµgYKv‡j fv¯‹i cwÛZ wbnZ nb| PZz_© Ges cÂg gvivVv AvµgYKv‡j Zv‡`i‡K weZvwoZ Kiv nq| Gfv‡e gvivVv kw³ evi evi evsjvi wewfbœ A‡j nvbv w`‡Z _v‡K Ges Uvbv m¤§yL hy‡× cÖe„Ë bv n‡q Zviv AwbqwgZ hy× c×wZ AbymiY K‡i| Zv‡`i Avµg‡Y eû GjvKv aŸsmcÖvß nq Ges RbMY AeY©bxq `y`©kvq wbcwZZ nq| beve Avwje`x© e„× n‡jI exi‡Z¡i m‡½ Av‡cvlnxbfv‡e jovB K‡i gvivVv‡`i `yiwfmwÜ e¨_© K‡i †`b|

`xN© 10 eQ‡ii hy‡×i d‡j K¬všÍ n‡q †k‡l Dfq c¶B kvwšÍi A‡b¦lvq mg‡SvZvi c_ †e‡Q †bq| gvivVvivI †Kvb f‚LÛ jvf Ki‡Z cv‡iwb Ges Zv‡`i A‡bK †jvK¶q nq| 1751 wLª÷v‡ã Df‡qi g‡a¨ m¤úvw`Z GK mwÜ Pyw³‡Z G hy‡×i Aemvb N‡U| evsjvi Rb¨ beve iNyRx‡K evwl©K 12 j¶ UvKv †PŠ_ w`‡Z ¯^xK…Z nb Ges wewbg‡q gvivVviv evsjv AvµgY bv Kivi cÖwZkªywZ †`q| Rv‡jk¦‡ii wbK‡U myeY©‡iLv b`x evsjv I Dwol¨vi g‡a¨ mxgvšÍ wba©vwiZ nq| Pyw³i kZ© Abyhvqx Avwje`x© Lvb gvivVv‡`i AbyMZ gxi nvwee‡K Zuvi bv‡qe iƒ‡c Dwol¨v kvm‡bi fvi †`b| wKšÍz GK eQi ci gvivVv ˆmb¨iv Zuv‡K nZ¨v K‡i Ges iNyRxi GK mfvm` gym‡jnDwÏb Lvb‡K Dwol¨vi kvmb ¶gZv †`qv nq| Gi d‡j Dwol¨vi Ici Kvh©Z evsjvi bev‡ei KZ…©Z¡ †jvc cvq Ges gvivVv‡`i ivR‰bwZK AvwacZ¨ cÖwZwôZ nq|

Avwje`x© I AvdMvb we‡ ªvn

gvivVv‡`i mv‡_ hy‡× wjß _vKvKv‡j 1745 wLª÷v‡ã beve Avwje`x© Lv‡bi AvdMvb †mbvcwZ †Mvjvg gy¯Ídv Lvb we‡`ªvnx nb| Zuvi Aax‡b GKwU eo AvdMvb ˆmb¨`j wQj Ges wZwb Ggb aviYv †cvlY

evsjv‡`k Db¥y³ wek¦we`¨vjq

BwZnvm c„ôv � 133

Ki‡Zb †h, beve Avwje`x©i iv‡R¨i wbivcËv I kw³ AvdMvb‡`i evûe‡ji Ici wbf©ikxj| bev‡ei wbKU wZwb wenv‡ii bv‡qe bvwR‡gi c` `vwe K‡ib| beve Zuvi G `vwe c~iY bv Kivq wZwb cÖ_‡g gywk©`vev` `L‡ji cwiKíbv K‡ib Ges c‡i cvUbv AvµgY Ki‡Z AMÖmi nb| wenv‡ii bv‡qe bvwRg ˆRbywÏb AvdMvb evwnbxi cvUbv AvµgY e¨_© K‡i †`b Ges Zv‡`i‡K wenvi n‡Z weZvwoZ K‡ib| G mgq gvivVv Avµg‡Yi my‡hvM wb‡q gy¯Ídv Lvb cybivq cvUbvi w`‡K AMÖmi nb| ˆRbywÏb Zuv‡K †fvRcy‡ii wbK‡U GK hy‡× civwRZ I wbnZ K‡ib (Ryb, 1745 wLª.)| AvdMvb evwnbx hyׇ¶Î †_‡K cvwj‡q hvq| Gi d‡j cÖ_g AvdMvb we‡`ªv‡ni mgvwß N‡U|

wØZxq AvdMvb we‡`ªvn msNwUZ nq 1748 wLª÷v‡ã| wenv‡ii `yB AvdMvb †mbvcwZ kg‡mi Lvb I mi`vi Lvb wek¦vmNvZKZv K‡i bv‡qe bvwRg ˆRbywÏb I Zuvi wcZv nvRx Avn‡g`‡K nZ¨v K‡i cvUbv `Lj K‡i †bq| Zviv ˆRbywχbi ¯¿x I Avwje`x©i Kb¨v Av‡gbv †eMg I Zuvi mšÍvb‡`i ew›` K‡i| beve G msev` †c‡q m‡½ m‡½ wenvi hvÎv K‡ib| gvivVvivI G mgq we‡`ªvnx AvdMvb‡`i mv‡_ †hvM w`‡Z AMÖmi nq| cvUbvi 26 gvBj `~‡i Kvjvw`qviv bvgK ¯’v‡b GK hy‡× Avwje`x© AvdMvb I gvivVv‡`i wgwjZ evwnbx‡K civf‚Z K‡i wenv‡i cybivq Zuvi KZ…©Z¡ cÖwZôv K‡ib (GwcÖj, 1748 wLª:)|

Af¨šÍixY ms¯‹vi Kvh©vw`

Avwje`x© Lvb Zuvi kvmbKv‡ji 11 eQi hy×-weMÖn I we‡`ªvn `g‡b e¨vc„Z _vKvq †`‡ki DbœwZi w`‡K †Zgb bRi w`‡Z cv‡ibwb| gvivVv‡`i m‡½ kvwšÍ ¯’vc‡bi ci wZwb cÖRv‡`i myL-¯^v”Q›` weav‡bi Kv‡R AvZ¥wb‡qvM K‡ib| gvivVv‡`i AZ¨vPvi I jyUZiv‡Ri `iyb cwðg evsjvi RbM‡Yi Rvbgv‡ji cÖfyZ ¶wZ nq Ges K…wl, wkí evwY‡R¨i AebwZ N‡U| wZwb `ªyZ kni I MÖvg¸‡jvi †givgZ I cybM©V‡bi †Póv K‡ib| e¨vcK Pvlvev` mn K…wl, wkí I evwY‡R¨i DbœwZi Rb¨ cÖ‡qvRbxq e¨e¯’v M„nxZ nq| ivR¯^ Av`v‡qi †¶‡Î Rwg`vi‡`i mv‡_ Pyw³ Kiv nq †hb Zviv cÖRv‡`i‡K wbcxob bv K‡ib| †`‡ki A_©‰bwZK `y`©kv KvwU‡q IVvi Rb¨ beve Avwje`x© ewYK I f‚¯^vgx‡`i KvQ †_‡K AwZwi³ wKQy A_© Av`v‡qi e¨e¯’v †bb| Gi d‡j GK †kªYxi wn›`y Rwg`vi‡`i g‡a¨ Am‡šÍvl m„wó nq|

BD‡ivcxq ewYK‡`i m‡½ m¤úK©

beve Avwje`x© Lv‡bi mg‡q BD‡ivcxq ewYK‡`i evwY‡R¨i cwigvY eû¸Y e„w× cvq| ïay Bs‡iR B÷ BwÛqv †Kv¤úvwbB bq, Ij›`vR I divwm ewYKivI evwY‡R¨i e¨vcK cÖmvi NUvq| wKšÍz G‡`i A‡b‡K Amr cš’v Aej¤^b K‡i †Kv¤úvwbi e¨emvi bvg w`‡q wb‡Riv e¨emv K‡i Ges evwYR¨ ïé duvwK †`q| Gme Ab¨vq wel‡q beve Avwje`x© Lvb K‡Vvi g‡bvfve †cvlY Ki‡jI wZwb miKv‡ii ivR¯^ e„w×i ¯^v‡_© we‡`kx‡`i e¨emv-evwYR¨ DrmvwnZ K‡ib| wZwb wewagZ ïé Qvov AwaK A_© Av`vq Ki‡Zb bv| †Kej gvivVv hy‡×i e¨q wbe©v‡ni Rb¨ wZwb me ewYK‡`i †_‡K A_© mvnvh¨ wb‡Z eva¨ nb| BD‡ivcxq ewYK‡`i m¤¢ve¨ me ai‡bi evwYwR¨K myweav †`qv n‡jI beve Zv‡`i‡K †Kvb mvgwiK ev ivR‰bwZK myweav †`bwb| 1745 wLª÷v‡ã beve Avwje`x© GK wb‡`©‡k Bs‡iR, divwm I Ij›`vR ewYK‡`i‡K Zuvi iv‡R¨ hy×-weMÖ‡n RwoZ n‡Z Ges `yM© wbg©vY Ki‡Z wb‡la K‡ib|

Gm Gm GBP Gj

BDwbU--- c„ôv � 134

Avwje`x© Lv‡bi PwiÎ I K…wZZ¡

evsjvi gmb‡` 16 eQi Avmxb _vKvi c‡i 1756 wLª÷v‡ã 10B GwcÖj beve Avwje`x© Lvb g„Zz¨eiY K‡ib| †mbvcwZ I kvmK wn‡m‡e wZwb D‡jøL‡hvM¨ K…wZZ¡B ïay †`Lvbwb, ¯^xq Kvh©Kjvc I Pwiθ‡Y evsjvi BwZnv‡m wewkó ¯’vb `Lj K‡i‡Qb| mvgvb¨ Ae¯’v †_‡K wZwb ¯^xq mvnm I cÖwZfvi Øviv evsjvi gmb` jv‡f m¶g nb| myev`vixi `vwqZ¡ MÖnY K‡i wZwb Af¨šÍixY Am‡šÍvl I we‡`ªvn `gb K‡i iv‡R¨i HK¨ eRvq ivL‡Z m‡Pó nb| `xN© 10 eQi gvivVv nvbv`vi‡`i weiy‡× Av‡cvlnxbfv‡e msMÖvg K‡i wZwb evsjvi ¯^vaxbZv i¶v K‡ib|

Avwje`x© Lvb kvwšÍwcÖq I cÖRvwn‰Zlx kvmK wQ‡jb| Rwg`viiv hv‡Z cÖRv‡`i Ici wbcxob Ki‡Z bv cv‡i †mw`‡K Zuvi j¶¨ wQj| mgKvjxb BwZnvm †jLKiv Zuvi PwiÎ ¸Y I e¨w³‡Z¡i f‚qmx cÖksmv K‡i‡Qb| wZwb D`vi, `qvjy I a‡g© wbôvevb wQ‡jb| kÎyi cÖwZ Zuvi gnvbyfeZvi D‡jøL K‡i wmqvi-Dj-gyZvL‡Lix‡bi †jLK †Mvjvg †nv‡mb ZvevZvevB Zuv‡K ÔgnrcÖvY' e‡j AvL¨vwqZ K‡ib| wZwb Abvo¤^i I mnR-mij Rxeb hvcb Ki‡Zb Ges K‡Vvi mshg cÖ`k©b K‡ib| Avwje`x© Lvb wb‡R weØvb wQ‡jb Ges wk¶vi cÖwZ Zuvi AbyivM wQj| wZwb Kwe, cwÛZ, †jLK I ¸Yx‡`i mgv`i I Zuv‡`i c„ô‡cvlKZv Ki‡Zb| me a‡g©i cÖwZ Zuvi mwnòz g‡bvfve wQj| †m Kvi‡Y wZwb wbôvevb gymjgvb n‡qI wn›`y‡`i cÖwZ D`vi bxwZ AbymiY K‡ib Ges A‡bK wn›`y‡K kvmbKv‡h©i `vwqZ¡c~Y© c‡` wb‡qvM †`b| Zuvi kvmbvg‡j evsjvq dviwm mvwnZ¨ I Ávb-weÁv‡bi wewfbœ wel‡q e¨vcK PP©v nq| evsjv fvlv I mvwnZ¨ dviwm mvwnZ¨ Øviv h‡_ó cÖfvevwb¦Z I mg„× nq|

mvims‡¶c

gyNj hy‡M evsjvq †h KqRb cÖv‡`wkK kvmbKZ©v Zuv‡`i †hvM¨Zv I Kg©`¶Zv Øviv BwZnv‡m wewkó ¯’vb AwaKvi K‡i‡Qb, Zuv‡`i g‡a¨ beve Avwje`x© Lvb Ab¨Zg| fvM¨v‡b¦lx GB ZzwK© mvgvb¨ Ae¯’v †_‡K ¯^xq cÖwZfv I mvnm Øviv evsjv, wenvi I Dwol¨vi gmb` AwaKv‡i m¶g nb| gyNj mvgªv‡R¨i Ae¶q I fv½‡bi Kv‡j my ~i evsjv cÖ‡`k‡K wZwb Af¨šÍixY I ewn:kÎyi AvµgY †_‡K i¶v K‡i‡Qb| 10 eQi Uvbv jovB K‡iI ya©l© gvivVv RvwZ evsjvq AvwacZ¨ cÖwZôv Ki‡Z cv‡iwb| A_©‰bwZK ¯^v‡_© BD‡ivcxq ewYK‡`i wZwb wbR iv‡R¨ e¨emv-evwYR¨ Kivi myweav w`‡jI Zv‡`i‡K G‡`‡ki ivRbxwZ‡Z n¯Í‡¶c ev yM© wbg©vY Kiv †_‡K weiZ †i‡LwQj| Avwje`x© Lvb GKRb AmvaviY cÖwZfvm¤úbœ e¨w³ wQ‡jb| mgKvjxb BwZnvm †jLKiv Zuvi PvwiwÎK ¸Yvejx I mvd‡j¨i f~qmx cÖksmv K‡i‡Qb| Zuvi kvmbvgj evsjvi BwZnv‡mi †MŠiegq Aa¨vq|

mnvqK MÖš’cÄx t 1| Ave`yj Kwig, evsjvi BwZnvm (1200-1857 wLª.)| 2| W. gyn¤§` Ave`yi iwng I Ab¨vb¨, evsjv‡`‡ki BwZnvm| 3| Muhammed Mohar Ali, History of the Muslims of Bengal, Vol. 1(A). 4| J.N. Sarkar, History of Bengal, Vol.II.

evsjv‡`k Db¥y³ wek¦we`¨vjq

BwZnvm c„ôv � 135

cv‡VvËi g~j¨vqbÑ

ˆbe©¨w³K cÖkœ t mwVK Dˇii cv‡k wUK (√) wPý w`b| 1| Avwje`x© Lvb RvwZ‡Z wQ‡jbÑ (K) Bivwb (L) ZzwK© (M) wenvwi (N) cvÄvwe| 2| Avwje`x© Lvb KLb wenv‡ii bv‡qe bvwR‡gi c‡` wbhy³ nb? (K) 1728 wLª: (L) 1731 wLª: (M) 1733 wLª: (N) 1739 wLª:| 3| midivR Lvb †Kvb hy‡× wbnZ nb? (K) e·v‡ii hy‡× (L) D`qbvjvi hy‡× (M) Kv‡Uvqvi hy‡× (N) wMwiqvi hy‡×| 4| evsjvq cÖ_g gvivVv AvµgY ïiy nqÑ (K) 1739 wLªª: (L) 1742 wLª: (M) 1744 wLª: (N) 1751 wLª: 5| wmqvi-Dj-gyZvL‡Lix‡bi iPwqZv †K? (K) Avwgi Lmiy (L) Kig Avjx (M) †Mvjvg †nv‡mb ZvevZvevB (N) †di‡`Šwm| msw¶ß cÖkœ t 1| Avwje`x© Lv‡bi cÖ_g Rxe‡bi msw¶ß eY©bv w`b| 2| gmb‡` emvi ci Avwje`x© Lvb cÖv_wgKfv‡e wK wK Amyweavi m¤§yLxb n‡qwQ‡jb? wKfv‡e wZwb

H¸‡jv `~i K‡ib? 3| Avwje`x©i kvmbKv‡j evsjvq gvivVv Avµg‡Yi msw¶ß weeiY w`b| 4| BD‡ivcxq ewYK‡`i m‡½ beve Avwje`x©i m¤úK© wKiƒc wQj? iPbvg~jK cÖkœ t 1| beve Avwje`x© Lv‡bi cÖ_g Rxeb I Zuvi evsjvi gmb` jv‡fi cUf‚wg Av‡jvPbv Kiyb| 2| Avwje`x© Lv‡bi kvmbKv‡ji msw¶ß eY©bv w`b| 3| beve Avwje`x© Lv‡bi PwiÎ I K…wZ‡Z¡i g~j¨vqb Kiyb|

ˆbe©¨w³K cÖ‡kœi DËi t cvV-1 t 1| (L); 2| (M); 3| (N); 4| (L); 5| (L)| cvV-2 t 1| (M); 2| (N); 3| (L); 4| (K); 5| (L); 6| (N)| cvV-3 t 1| (L); 2| (M); 3| (M); 4| (L); 5| (K); 6| (N); 7| (K); 8| (K)| cvV-4 t 1| (M); 2| (M); 3| (L); 4| (L); 5| (M); 6| (K)| cvV-5 t 1| (L); 2| (M); 3| (N); 4| (L); 5| (M)|

Gm Gm GBP Gj

BDwbU--- c„ôv � 136