Washins, tem 3 D. G. 20460 -' ' ' " ' ' N~ JT~

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. LTR. MEMO: REPORT: CTHIR i

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ACTICN NECE33ARY ] CO NCU R R EN CE { DATE ANSWEREDs |

INO ACTTCM NECESSARY O CeuxENT O nTs

CL.0 517.4 PCST CTT:CE TILE CODESU 50-269 (E WIRO FILE)

REG.NO:EELCLIPT:CNs plust Ee Unclassift.d) RETERRED TO DATE | RECEIVED BY DATTLer re region of draft environmental Keppler 1-21-72

, ctatement for Oconse. Unit i 111..trans W/2 cys for ACTIGE| the following:

I DISTRIBUTIGE:' zzC:.csuRzsa s?

t'.s s' Reg Filesa ,,

j Co m ts on Enviro Impact Statement for AEC PDE{ Oconee, Dmit i 1. Compliance (2)

HendersonPaulus(Itr omty)M. Titznerick (Ltr only)DeYoung a n F..|c.c^.T ^ T 1 p',.|C(2 cys roc,d) y, gggg, ogg j,j ; ; ; . , . . , , . .,'

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50-269ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY

WASHINGTON, D.C. 20460>

Orrict or THE c*

^o" '"'S' a^ 7o aJAN 2 0 M , g

h bD NMr. Manning Muntzing 7:

-

Director of Regulation \

Atomic Energy CommissionWashington, D.C. 20545 ,p

/ O ODear Mr. Muntzing:

We have reviewed the draft environmental statementfor the Oconee fluclear Station, Unit 1, and are pleasedto provide you with the enclosed comments. Our reviewwas prepared in accordance with the requirements placedon Federal agencies by the National Environmental PolicyAct of 1969.

We found that additional information is needed toevaluate fully the environmental impact of this station.We are particularly interested in more comprehensivedata on thermal modeling and biological effects. A

review of the final statement containing informationrequested in our comments will permit us to completeour evaluation of Oconee Station.

It is requested that the Atomic Energy Commissionconsider the attached comments as general guidancesuggesting the breadth and depth of coverage needed infuture draft impact statements.

We will be pleased to discuss any of our commentswith you and to assist in preparing a conceptual frame-work to aid in developing the requested information ina timely manner.

Sincerely yours,

,N/W '

vvr MRobert W. Frieputy Administrator

Enclosur t- . 387

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BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS 15.

NON-RADIO.iCTIVT. WASTES N D OTIIER TECEKICAL C0:fC1;TS 20

MO:!IT0*1D:G AND |iURVEILLid:CE 23g

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The 1:r.vi renar.r.t:1 Protection Agency han revic..ed the draft

environr ti,1 inpact statement f or the Oconec I,'uclear Station, Unit 1,.

prep:.reJ b3 the U.' . .',t omic ruer;y Co. nission and issued ond

D:cer.bcr 1.3, 1971. Tcl c.. d'c cre our major conc h cions:.

1. MJirional information in three arcas is needed to more fully

.

cr.scsc the thernul cavirent.2ntal impact; detailed mathematical

'

mor'elln;; of c:q. cted thermal regir.2es, definition of present anil

projected biota, and dnailed plans for monitoring physiccl and |

b Iolc; i c; 3 p. r:: .'t a.cc . ;11

2. The appliccat should use good management uith respect |

1

to reducinn ::.dion tive dischergcc to the lo..*a t level practiccbic |

whenever poscible.

3. The dose icvels arising from all sources of radiation

exposure not considered in the statement should be estimated. These

1

estimates should be combined uith similar information for the sources 1

1

1

considerec' .i the stateracnt and summarized for both the individual,

|

and cumulative popu]ctions. ||

4. Tuo issues are identified uhich should be resolved on a,

generic basis: trancportation cad. accidents. Further elucidation

of these issues in an adequate manner will limit the requirement

to deal with these issues in subsequeit impact statements.'

.

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5. Detailed nonitoring and curveillance systers, perticularly

tisoce for'runicipal 1:c er cyste':.2, 1:ill be a condition to EPA's con-.

currence on the "cctIoa 13 Pecr.it..

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The /.to..ic Encrp,y Co: ..iccica h in proposed nunerical guidelincs.

for light uater cooled power reaci.cr plantn dr.t. inned to hecp radin-

activity in effit: enc:4 as loc 03 praticable. [FPA acccpts this concept

as a reasonab2c apploach in ninirc :.r..;; the cbvironmental effects

ascoelacc.d with thir cr eration of nue.2 ecr pmeer pinnts.

" The revio i of the Oconec it. p c. c t stntcuant surfaced tuo general '

issuce: trcnsportatirn cnd accidents. The operction of the -plant

should not bc delayed ::hile these issues are being addrecred.

With respect to trnasportatica the statenent contchs an

analysis tchich leads to the conclusica that there vill be no undue

hazard to the public or ac'. verse environnautal eff cet frcm trans-

poti.uilon accidents. Further ucr+u;.c on the methods of analysis

teould be hcipful. Ce recognice that since cvalustion of potential

environ =cntal effectc of trancporting fuel and radioactive vastes1iis a requirement common to all nuclear power stations it is '

,

probably best handled on a generic basis. Uc would be pleased I

to cooperate with the AEC in this area.

The analyses of the environmental impact cf postulated -

accidents presented in the statcuent is prediccted on the standard|

accident ascu:tptions and guidance issued by the AEC as a proposed

amendment to Appendix D of 10 CFR Part 50 on December 1, 1971.

This guidance is applicabic to all nuclear poect plants and chould. .

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\be handled on a gencric basis. E"/, conscnt s on the propoced

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amendment were transt:itted to the Cocciscion by letter dated

January 13, 1972.

The Stater; cat indictatc3 that the gaucous waste will be held*.

up for a n.ir.i:m:.: of tecnty dcyc. The gaseous uccte trrut:.2nt

systen, however, has the capcbility to retain rcdiocctive gcccous.

waste for up to fifty-nine days. The applicent chculd use good.

unacger.ent prrctices with respect to reducing radioactive 'ischartecd

to the lovest lovel practicable whenever pocsible.

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I;csed on a field stud'/ conduct.cd by EPt at the Yauhte .hicicar

Pc.:c'; St ntion, rnd prc.la.ducry data f rom a similar study at the

Connectient Yar.h<e plent, the gaseous unste tre tnant cyrt.cm any not

constitute the * .ior source of gaseous effluent fren : prest.urized

unter reactor (TP) . Other cources, includi g vents from the -

aus.i2iary build?.g , reactor buildin;; coarcinment air, and the main

condcaser air ejcetoi s (which renove from the secondary system any

radioactive gr.ses uhich hcVe lenked through the stecn generr. tors),

will proLchly be the r.tajor contributarc. A couplete analysis of the

rcdiclogical ef fcets shculd include au cutinnte of the efflucnts frem

these secondary so w.es an<i their off-site dose contribution. Such

an analysis may indicste that effluents from these other sources

may need addi tier.al t antment. For c:: ample, it may be advisnble to

route the auxiliary building ventilation system c::haust and the

gases from the condenser air ejector through a filter system similar

to that used in the reactor building. containment purge system..

.

The statement makes frequent mention of the monitoring of

effluent alream., by the une of alarus. In the event of excess

radioactivity, these alarms notify operators who then shut off

the appropriate discharge pathways. Estimates of the amount of

activity that will escape before the alarms are activated, as ucll

en the c.:n.: es. ..; ing bc f or . r.!utefi e cure, shoule be presented.

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The descriptien ci the proponed liquid easte systen ir.dicates'

that it any. be bypassed. imd tb,e vaste dincharr,cd directly to the

environment,after monitoring. Such dircet discharge should be kept

to's mininum. As much of the liquid radion6;ive vastes as possibic;;-

should be pro:ecned by the evaporator. The dcnincra31zer, which?,

is noted as.being'ep:.lonal, sheu2d be used whenever the. chemical and

phy'sical characteristics of the evaporator condensate pen:it '

treatnent.

At the previously centioned field study at the Yankee Nuclear

Power Station, it uns noted that about 12% of the secondary systen

volume ws lost thrcugh leahace cach day, primarily at najor pump

seals.- The only apparent provisions made for handling this lechoge -

at the Oconce plant vi31 be the routing of the au::iliary buildingf3ver drains

..to the low activity taste tan!:s. This potentially

.large volume of liquid waste should be explicitly considered and

provisions _made.for collecting,' monitoring, and treating.

The liquid radioactive waste will be sent through a buried

pipe and dischcrged into-the tailrace of the neowee Dam. The waste.

may contain radioactive materials uhich are si.nificantly above thet.

concentration limits conta'ined in 10CFP. Part 20. It is conceivable

that the liquid waste could leak from this pipe or escape as a result

of a gross pipe failue. - The environdental impact of such events

should bc addressed. In particular, it should be determined where the

leahnge from this! pipe vill flou in the event of a break anywhere along,

the length of the pipa (Oconee intake canal, Oconce discharge area,

Lche Kem.'cc, leu.ce inilrace, or viher ground uater sources) . The

. methods used to detect possible leahrge should be described.-

, . . .

7

It vu, learncd fccu the Vor.:.s e study th.'t 119 eld <, tor:ge tanks,

located cutsidc the buildingc, ' ny contrihete the 1cr; r st tource of

radictic.n e.:pecule t o personc in the plant cinity. The three

1nry ha .:A - .:r: . t. . . luw= t c .' : T3 :. :.n L tu G:e Guow c.

reactor buildin;;[shcuM be cvainatcd for possibic dircet rcdi_tien,.

and the dese contributien ine.lucad in the estimate of "nnual

average doses.

The staterent provides a surmary of c.nticipated racienue.lides

to be relec: ;od f ror: the Ocorme statien. A nurber of radic iclides

four.d to be dicchcr;gd f ror the Yenhec plcnt are not included in

337, l ac. and Ar j n n,rcu,41this summary. Anticipcted releaves of

,A -

--.

33form and C, 31Cr, and Fe in liquid forn should be evnluated.~

The Dahe supplenant, in Tables 5 and 6, presents anticipated

radionuclide releases chich do not agree with those in the statemcat.

The supplement addretscd the specific case of the Oconce vaste

treatment cystems uhi]e the statement refers to experience uith

other PWRs. The specific information in the supplement is of.

considerebly more value than the information on cimilar plants in the

s t a t er.cr. t . An adequate evcluation of the environmental impact of

any reactor plant requires specific effluent data.

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'The statemat does not contain the neccesary informatica required

- to.re,ieu the given populction cy.posure estinates. The hunes for'

ther.c cclimate:. (e.g. , the assumed radionuclide content of the water)

- cNL: b e i n .G o b. ' . Ths .bre centribution frca the secondsry sourcer.

previcusly dlecussed must be estimated and added to the dosee. from.

the primary nase:us easte treatment system . Contradictory ectinates

of the populr. tion dese from liquid effluents are given in tho' state-

ment--100 man-ren/ year (Tabic X-4) versus 12 nan-rom / year (page SI).

- A su' mry t.a'cle, siullar to Table V-3 in the str.tement, should be

presented listing the individual population exposures from all -

patht:ays inclajing air, ratcr ingestica, direct radiatica, and the

- various 1 cod enuins, such as milk and fish, as 1. ell au the cue:ulativs

doce._

The statement, in Tabic Vl-2, seems to imply that the doses from

Class-1, 2, and'5.1 accidents will be included under normal releases.

- i . ..

-

If this is to be donc, thcce doses should be included in the summary

. table referred to above.i

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The major liquid wa'ste pathway to the general population is from

the Kcowec tailrace to the municipal vatcr systems located on the

Kcowce River (Clemson-Pendl'eton) and'on the llartuell Reservoir

(Anderson). . test estimates of the expected radioactive discharges

and the uinimum dilution flow lead to the conclusion that a ninimal'

dose will be delivered to members of thc public who obtain their !

drinhinglunter frem these sources. O

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C1% has sever:.1. conecrc.n with the nodeling studies to pn Cet

the pattern of :-henaal discha:ges uhich vere presented in th . drnC

envitc.a.> ental s: e tcs nit and tir._ Duhe Pouer" Company .w pplereut. These

ren er' ; i PC OT:!'' ' * 3 d b '_.' O' .id epccifie Jr for cLieg 13 ycquc,;td to.

.y

allru a more coi;">lete evaluar ien of the c:' ucted the naal ef fect.,

.

Discrepancies exist betueen the statercnt c.nd the supple.cnt

regcrding Infern : tie., on flow cnd ter perat ure. Terporeture rire is

presented in the s taterc. cat at 17.6 F; heuever, the rupple:ent notes

tenperature rise:. c f 17.2,19.6, and 25.OT (not including ficc. er

heat Joad of auxiliary coolin~, nystems) as a functicu of flou rate.

and sez. son. The st;plement quotes dischar;;c flows of 3027, 3909,

and 4530 cfs as a function of seasons (not including f 3 cw of cu: ciliary-

cooling syste:as), uhile the st tencnt indicates a maxitun flow

'

of 4733 cfs uhich includes auxiliary cooling flous. Comparisons of

heat load calculated frc infor:ation presented in the supplc. ant do

not agree with the value of 16.9 x 10 btu /hr presented in the

st:tencnt as a ac::Inum rate. is not evident uhether this value.

includes auxiliary cooling, fuel pool cooling and other inplant

sourcen of heat. These discrepancies should be clarified and

maxinun flow rates and heat loads provided.

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The diccm. ,ien of the thercal e f fc cts aricing Trom the ovratica

of the Oconee b r ion in the cu,rplemnt is based on cvertgc values

for otrcat f] m' und c:t corel ot;y. The rc u] ting calcult.tions therciore

provid; en1'; prcdictics of th.: monthlyavefhge,medicn-yearcenditions;

t! . n : ~. t- , in - . h ar: for as cn in; the effects of;-

.

ther .cl dicch:':7 s oa ac.u.cric biota and defining, stress conditions.c

.

Tht suppl .:. ant bar.ac its thernal unclysis en the asser.ption that

the Oconee p3,at 'i31 cpar U m th nn annucl Ic,ad factor of 90 percent.

Uc question the vclidity of this acceaption. Peak pouer denands and

sy t t c.. economic . * 13 pn.h:bi) dictate that the plant be ope.rc.ted at

nearly fu]1 petcr durias the etener nonths. Under these conditions,

with a coolin; " ner fict: cf 4733 cfu, the total usecble volu:ne of

Lake Keo.eee night. be pucpad through the plcnt in cbout 3 nonths if the

lake vere full, or in 1 1/2 to 2 ronths with the lake at the maximum

draudo.:n icycl.

Although Lakes Noracn and Keouce are quite similar, prcjection of

mixing zone acreages in the manner presented is subject to considerabic

crror. The Tn/To* versus A/Q projection method does not take

meteorc3 cgy, windspeed, and physical parameters of the lake into

consider tion in estimating normal as well as critical areas required.

The curw used in the prcjection (nado availabl.e to EPA, Region IV,

but not presented in the supple:::ent) shows considerabic scat.tcr,

attributchle to the above inadequacies, uhich subjects projections

to significant possible error. Projections of " critical" mixing

zone arcas by th k rac tbod is .'urther J i::ited since act ual critieni-

.

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year it'ce te' prature: ::nd cleva t ic.n, inflov, inetcorology, ct .,

are not du ill . 4: cd in ih. Jcaur.ry 1971 zieys. Projcetion of fc1]s

criticci mi: cne nre m frec. t-he ratio of v nter nor-c) to.

- n:./ cri:it-- re .- i .. c.u c . i c a.:'. l . since.nuerP isoth.:. :1 cc::df tion-.

.

c::I c t durin; c:ve 'c;nttr (but net durin.. the f al2) uhich wub' c .: c

:. rec t c r dap e e ' c.i::ia3 \Th;le the enc]ycis a y predict an order-

of-n..::;nJ : uA . p u crea t , ;.h e thern :]Pj affected are:.s could be .

ci..'ific..ntty 1.. ::: t! :.a rt.;i cteri on the bu '.c of .rindc; ce ' c.dy..c ;

Th e r.7.c] t.a. Liele;;eci cifcets v'.ich will result from the intche

and di.s:h.:rac c ~ the J:carsee station are not odcquately considered.

Since the Jeccn.ac intche/disch,:r; c, the I;eouce Dam shirc.ncr ucir,

and the Ocone: dio: barre are c11 at nearlv the s.ar.2 clevction,thcir-

da*erectd ec . ill tend to cer; 1 tely :-i:: the uppcr 35 to 45 feet vf.

Lake C:r/.:ce (in the 1;+:ceree are of the 1che, if not in the uhele

reservoir). This r1::ing vill reduce surface tranr.fer of heat to the

at:30 sphere and increcsc the retention of heat. in the lake. It

should be noted that the volume of Lake Keouce betueen elevations

755 and 800 feet is about 616,000 acre-fect , t.hich is appro::inately

65 percent of the volume..

Bota the state:nent and the supplement refer to an April 1966

report by Velz and Associates. Additional repc.rts published by

Edinger and Geyer in June 1965 entitled " Heat E:: change in the.

Environtent" and by Brad", Graves, and Ceycr in Novenbcr 1969,

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t. .pp er: .

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to provide p .:ici.' cr.; ilities rhi :, ti,",ht be ut ili::: a .. . c :rm

the Veic t.mfel. Toc \'c] 2 re- ort ecer not prc zi .' .ufficiec i r. ' r e -

ti. . t o d >: i:,, c. . :cinin > cue cine ud te:; herr turc cDric., .. r t ;. c r.1i

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Predleri, t I the r.* ,1 dit.cherccc f ro i I;cc.'cc S*.ntien t: L:.l. c.

!!artuell is scued er the "i:/To ver us A/Q cuc': do and is ciJ-j<cr tor

the f a;.rc . a. - errer areviously acntic.ec In cdditica,.

projections unoer critical c.eteorole: y, streac:I.lm, and ci:cudevn

verc r :: ;.rc e.u : ;0 Ce t u: ..: ne cc:: J iaare uith fouth C:rei .:.n; : .acr,

Quality Standcrdc. Tbc crea from Decnce's dicchr.rge to the Eco.:ce .

ilyd: e Ic.tal c a nc icd or. Fc:;e 12 of thc. state:..cnt ac S00 ccres;

hou:cecr, our ca.i calmeions indiente that. this a e. ic nore nectly.

200 acres.

In order to saticfy the above concerns and c'llon revicuers cif

1

this project to acscss and com.cnt on the thern:1 effects and i

associated bielogical impact of the prepesed opcrction of Ocence

station on Lakes Keouce and !!artuell, additional themal raodeling.

infort tion is - ired. Ue understand that Duke Power Company has

developed. a ceraputer nodel of the thermal discharge for their

Mart hall Steam Station on Lche Norman, uhich was verified by themal

imagery and field surveys, and that this cedel could be cc.pcb1c of

predicting areas of expecti.d isother:r.s in Lake Ecouec. Duke Pouer

Cormany has been requested, in connection with EPA's revicu of the1

Refuse Act d.c.:h rce pcrrit r,s31.icuim , to prcv i de the f:41... iu^

infottation. (This infornation shou]d be presented in the final

benviron =cntal ntateacnt. ) ( i

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A. T,.;- . c. . .irc <, f o r c. 71 c c.l t n ' , r non t l.n . (Occoce th c. :1 Cir.c....:e

chW. 0 c e: rm. i > d t ,., ti.e y : r. cnoca) de mnd curec exp..cted

durin,the lifo c,I the plant). There dar, should include the

foU . -:f;. N :o e. ' fer b6 ' th; cvar; riatl.ly, -

-

cad i .

-. tb h rictev- M e::cj, rtrr Kle",

-- z, _ rre.it i.. .

and d r;P '0. da cOnd:*.t .|"nr .

1. *<cr ;;. C c'; n:g. t. . ;ei cru ra f or ea _h .. : .. . '

2. .c;iat: dr.i:; uverc;'.c diccharge c c: ,.arat. crc during'

each month. '

3. Ih:;ir e r:r' :mte.ur 3u; disc! "rgc. t v. :peratr: e during

each rionth.

4. 1.~e n t h ] ;- averaLc cocilibriun and cnhient strface

ter.peraturs during c .ch centh.,

5. Maxitaum daily average equilibrium and arabicut surface

temperatures curing cach month.

.

B. Acrcq;es and percent of total surface acreage corresponding to

itens A-1 and A-2 abcre for both the av2 rage and tuenty-year

recurrent cases in 5 F increments (i.c., 85 F, 80 F, 75 F,etc.)

to within 3 F of the ambient surface tairecrature. A minimum of

tirce point: i:: rc:;ui:cd fut each cenditien. liaps .Nie_0+ 7 M ns.

largest summer and winter nixing ::onc acreages for cach condition

should be included.

C. Vertical temperature profiles corresponding t,o a distance of

ebout 3,000 feet from the discharge point (uhcre the depth is at

1cact 100 feet) and :t the c.cins.cr vall for Itcut A-1 under

both average and tuenty-year recurrent cases.

.

w- . ,, _ wyn , - .1

' 's-w- ~,r, r ==' - --' ='

v '

- . - - .- - .- ~- . - .-

. ..

,.

-.

5

l_ . b.N**

, -' . , -..

:, D. Tcb2c ' c' arece ce'.6 v:,1u:.ac in 5-font i:. creme:,ts 1.ct.:eena

..s

j cleve. tic:. 20.'' rn d "t 55 ' f or I.ec Ke c -m .|

'

P. . MG::it.u 1 dit.ch:r, a ce;;.per tturc to loc Us.rt : ell fro Eccccc'

. . . ,

} Statica i nd c::pec;cd c:liant hr.rr. c]'l temperaturcr. , for I,

o:1 .4.?...*...,.. . . 4. .g. s. .,> *,- -

. ,- . ,s.: , os,.h r.._....c - *

, c. _... . . . ..u ,. . , . . . . s,.- . p a. . ,.

-

. .: . c g.-.to ..

r-acurren . cc:.: . ;

,.

.

.

[> *P. Mi::in: vno incr=autel cer-acge: to within 3 T cf c.:.aient5

,..~..,......,c.c........_'v--r.s>.. .4 's 'n 6 <-- r . .. . *. u . .' .. c.n . d i ^.. . .r. . s

-6 . u. . . - ... . , -.,

*.

j

I.

'

hydrculics for ccaditienc in E above (see E above for,

; >.

-. .. , . - - s:c ..ar0Vcll c. l3W ..C;ngJ niCr.~.ct i ca I M . .c t ) . M*p3 cr Lc. n e

; *

.i-

1 1crger,t sum sr ind winter :.i::ing rene cercages theu2d bc-.

, .

1

i, .. .

provided for chch conditica..

- .. ..-

G. A:su o. ta.. . . .. . . . .

.. .ca s , u s e u, ' 1n . co v. e.,.c. :.n 2.n:cract.Len in sec.ticas.A -

--

..

,,

.,.

through r abova '(c::cluding D) should be providod.-

. . . .. .

..

s.

s .~

i The statement , _ cn page. 681, describes the direct dischcrge 'ef -.

.. ..

..

heated ccadenser cooling utter into Lche Hartuell, in the event.,

. . -..

of a Nactor shutdewn fc11 cuing 'a less of c.' actrical poucr. . In-j. . .

; .

'

order to adequately assecs the impdct of + is actien, cpecific*

,.

.__ ..

. .. .

.

infor::w:ich such as flew raten, discharge ter:peraturcs, sad'

-4 ,i

.1

i

! cffceted areas, are neccesary and sliculd appear in the finci - -

,

. . ,, . . .

' '

statettent. .-. ..

. *. . .,

; . -. ..

. .i * .- *

. .; . .

t -. * .. . .

* ,.

. .

e .f '- *

.. g ,\ '*,jjg

<- es -,

d -

.

.* *, . ., .

- -. . . -

-

.

.m..mm ,4-@ e . .w_m_.' "# hh" - ' ' -

__

L.*

-

.

. 15

Die!a0 | r.'? rwcc77 '.ir

Th6 pru':..is oc tt !on Jencriied the cnnlyscs that vill be necce.: ary.

te I t. prose c.or.und:rstn:tding of the temperature chstges that vill occur

cc e re-i't ti the pl..C 'n dicchcrJes. Unter temperature i , an i:aportant.

.

r. r.ict'. c. .~ z " - . 1 , - c c. c.ca i n t i - c ;un t i e cr. i ror.n. n r . T1 ordct to.

an e' jtetive nne c,p. se: tat! .<e picture of her a body of traicr ulllr,u:

.

rea: t to a theted dir tharge, it is necescary to know not o ly whatn

pntern of te:. pert.ture chc.gca ull1 tcuult but also uhr t crocific n;uctic'

organists will be affected.

.

The environmentel cratencnt it.chs the biological inforustion

necessar to rdoquete3-/ cralyze the pinnt'c direct or indirect impcet/

''" "';'' ? t i cr;;:... " .; . a c.o- '

.4 ~1 wou. _ .neeueu .u:Aumacion is in rect.

o - .- 4- - - . - . . . ..

called for in the 'IC's Guidelincs, for instonec: identification of

prir.r.ry aquatic and terrestrici species; analysis of changes in watt:r

quality and tem;errturc;cnalycis of effects of discharges of nutrients

and chemicals; Cingrams indicating trophic levels, life cycles of biota,

flors and inovaments of energy, pollutcnts and organisms. .

. -

.

:Since the f.mpoundments are quite new (Jocassce is still filliar,),

little infornation is availabic on the.characterist::cs of the aquatic-biota. There werc.no data availabic on the phytoplankton, cmergent or

floating nacrophytes, zooplankten, aquatic.inverteb* rated, reptlics,

amphibians,-and other organisms. The statement further indicated that:

"A daal)cd evciv.gion of im : ink eficcer on the cquetic biotn is

;*.

..

-

e

.

..

] <.

not passib)e n t thit. ti . s ; r.c e it : 'uf ar' : tier .r/ ail. lc rel,tel,

to prelini: ry f!::h s. 7eys concurts d i$ late ,'.c; x: of 100".

Inf ormatio.. en li t tor.:.' , be:.aj e , ::nd p'an!: 3.:i c c ccanic. .. is not '

cvc i l;.'c l e c. t thir c: _ c- I.s.:n < .cc a .J 1:c.rt ell T.wa rvo11.

ii .. a c e , the f.11c.. ine co.. ._nte cre of n ;er.nici n .ture - .d cheu2c

bn cor.si6::v.d n:: prelira..ary revicc of poc.ib'c n:ablen : c:.c . " *

.

.

/.Ccquat a entlysin ef env ro: :.3:-:c.1 ef f cetc rco.uices c ev .s'.rchensi ce

inves:Inction of the p:.rticula;c aquctic cavire.kr a cnj the proble: crecs

c::pe c te d . Prehler arec.c which . c J Le be analyzeci t.e::dic'.<.1:- include

the potentini effects en the reproductlen and survival of fish in Lake

Hartvell belru the hydro ple-.: cs a reselt of incrcurel tur.pa ctures

and rapid flectuctic.:: in vrp:rcture, and the impact of he:ted un Or

on the success of reproJuction cod survival of fish spaunir.g in shallou

arcas in the discharge zone of Eeci. cec.

In order to enable revicuers of the project to assess the impact

which operation of the Oconce section vill have on the aquctic ecology

of the area, the follering infort.:ation shculd be developed: '

1. A listing of fishery species to be protected in La'.te Keowee1should be developed inmediately and .ssreement to this list should

.

be reached by the South Carolina Vi]dlife Resources Departcent, |-

1

|the Eureau of Sport Fishcrien and Uildlife, and EPA. EPA vill.

cooperate fully in develop;n; this list. I-

,

!

I 2. The finni statenant rhnuld outfire a cor.rii ment to r nhc ||||

|

an inventor,e ot finh rpucles and littoral, bcuthic and |1

|

!

. _ _ ,-- - e ==Ewh ~ - - , , , , - ,, .,y- --v '' " '~~

- _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _

. .

.. 1 *:

planhtos.1 rgani: .a in L:.he Iturtuell . s euer.tb: .:r ;iatej

therr/al and hydrrulle (i .e. !sec:.ee li: d: a m atit.u) cff.ctr...

Althou;,'' it vill t:J:e c c icn t a. : .r t o c' > vel ep t.his inf ucr: .tien ,

the inve:;t uy cho;.ld be it'iti.: . J isrMic.:.cly i:. order ta

ca tmN n t* : 012 ;; . ci < .. io:u: ;.r i ts to t h c trc.1 c f c c t ; fromc

Oc c .:c e c c c. '. : en .

The it'; .:t stotc . indic$tedthat an in-depth systeratic inventory

ejl' :. Je:. cair%e'c; : .: ..d th a - u r re a..;i;. , cr.vir:n . EPA ogreca

uith this s tater. .>nt and su;;e:;ts that the study cover these require-' nts

curlined in Sectirn V, prra,trcph C of /EC', ru;.deliner.

.

Daced on s tudien at Lc'.e ';a r.rn, it has cc::e to our ettention t'iat

rne hubb.l e d i : c i ; c. % fieh is . pot- :lel 7:01;;;; crer::ict ad ;. .th r- .. , c

operations at Lahe Keouec. Tiic prchability of this occurrcnce and its

effects on fish in Lnhc 1*ev.:ce should be assecsad in the final environr.antal

statenent.

In addition to concern about t.hc impact of ter.perature ch ng.m.

related to thermal discharges, dissolved o>:ygen (D.O.) is potentially

a critical problea durin; the sunner and f all. Virtually anaerobic, ;

hypolimnetic water vill be cisenarged to the surface of Lake Keouce. i

l1

;

The statement on page 77 statec: 'Ucasureraents of the eff ects on the,

D.O. in a racciving lake due to ui thdr.-'<?al of hypolinnetic unters to

serve as condcascr coolant have been made in a lake in' North Carolina.(~9)? 1

l

|Dcr12 the c m c . , .m . . . ce.=un .1... e . m o.e aver . w. r. ~c |c'

^

htv (> \$.(s\%"h.qc

l.

31

-e *

_ _ _ , _ - - , - ,- - ~ ~ ''"' ''

1 . .

.-. -

.

in dinselved c:: sen. f rc :.- i n ti.'.c t o di s ch . rge , t .s.4 } er.s thm.1.0 p;.

et the i:. cdiate nit:. cf th-_ d !. e ch..' c.a . Duri: > t he carr.er 1:w: ' :

(:::y t:n ou;.h Sc..: .:er) ti.c ceneentr :tien of duolr d o::yren in the

i m *.e , a :. c : ,: ..c; ., .. ti.a t oi the cynrct- h..e trec di_. to the

hv- . o i emetic :ti'r;.z:1. 'S discher:;c concentr i.:.:n d<cr:r* to r - 1'

I

av e r..a e ( 1969 -lF/ 0 ) o f 5 . 2 rj..: in M r.y , .L . 0 ppa i n J ul) cad 0.7 ppn in l

iSepterber (r,rrf ce e r. d 10 .7.n d.mth r =. ce:rerent: ::.re c": c r.v. J ) . " At -

l

Ll.c - : .; Line, L. ',.ver, th :, c.te..a.t ir .:.:.c..te d d_suo ved cr. c. r. values1

1

in La;.c 1.crn:n, eu r.s t r.- a f.on the ::r.rt, hell Stea. Generation Station,

cio not reach bcch ,:cund ic.els for c dir te nce of 4.8 niles.

In orde.r to pern_t c=lu:. Lier of the in. pact of picnt cp.:rntions

en disselved cxygen concentrctions in L ::e Kcevee, une f ollo.cir.g.

1inforr.ation has. been rc.p:csted by EPA fror Duke Po;.er Ccapany and will

be provided ac soon as possible:

1. Mcninum acrecnes in chich daily average surface dissolved.

cxygen concentration is expected to be less then 5 ng/l crd/or

the nini:.:un daily concentrction is enpceted to be less than

4 ng/1. Increr.cntcl cere Ses in onc ng/l increments from zero.

,

to 5 rag /l should be provided.

2. Maxit:un and averccc depths to uhich reduced dissolved oxygeno

cor.centrations in the increncntal cerecges noted in Iten 1 ccn

be expected.|1

3. Under conditions when discharge tenperatures are less than.

r c .m c; ir - ' ; c . *. . - :: - da 1: ;.a . :. . - .c m:.iac . J%

to occur, infornatica cen :.ra' ele to Itecs 1 and 2, as ucll as.

cxpected depth of interflow below the surface.

l- - - _ - _ _ _ _ - - - _ - - ._ .- _ - - - -- - -- - -- .

-- - ._ _ - __ . - - _ _ -

.

o

71:e n'c.>;. infor i... cl.culd ic rese:'te:1 in * be fine.] state.. t

for nver.'n. conlits u:: cf r a ce,roJ o g..' , strc: C o.,.ut-2 C, a , Jo. a , a;;2.

[ O r ! # C C I"f ,' t.' r r g C ;.) , ; . , c c i:d 1 ( [.:.g;.3 p god.gg j yy , ; , ,, ., . y , , .3 , ,: g ., .*g4,

10 ; ',* 1' LI '/ ,%I C of (}}? ] ; I,e .

.

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.s*

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,

f. i

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-

84

..,.....n...,~....., ... . a. ,cw. . t.s. . . . .c. . . . - , Cm. .. v,.

.. . . . .....,.C.,, ,- . _ . ,

,. . .. . .

ILindlin;; . ':d tre:. :.:. :.at er en ..:cc1 .e.tc, nn pre:: cried in ti...

st.aten: n t cud rei.por ti :' rq.ert e , c, . : rally a p,, ;r.rr ad :.:,u: tc . ::c.

n.:c n:.; cn 3 :. . . < I . h r.- c. c r , o f the G :.c e al of t : t:c s e:2 s e.' . u d .- J

sclide fr m th. t ver . ~ .:t er r.nu. -] c ur.t er er t he t re. : ; r.t c f d e r.~. ,,:.o r c

and an'"o Ju unntes. 7c.oial of ro. tic.+ frc:: n11 usste s trc .ms shc.22 ' be

prov n d by div :Jica :c the ho]i .:p paad er L: ether r.. .he L . Tr c :. :t -

ef deterg.rit .nd rron.;a. uurtcc ri.c .16 be p: vided L., dic u rge to the

sanitcry sc age treati.Ont plc.nt or by providic; equivt.lcr.: ce cendc r:.

t re c tr.an t rather than dischargin.3 the- direct'y te Ucrn.cll Reservoir

as indicated in Tab 1:. III-5 of the 4 te t e:..en t .

uils, ch r er.lun, ny::rczine, ccice, bcscr., cr.d other nolid and.

liquid h:2 rdous matcruls will be c.tored a:i.! used ca site during

construction .1nd operation of the plcnt. A brief discussica of the

storage and cent ol .2thcds t&ich uill be used, as ecll as proposed

procedures to prevent the contents of a rupturef tank or accidentcl.

Icahage or spillage of cil or other hcnardous reteric]s fron reaching

surface watercourses, should'be presented. -

The sl:e nt brines f rom the regencrction of ion c:: changers and the

backwash water from these units are to be retained in a holding ponc'

where particulate matter.uill sett]c. No estinate of the ori;nnic.

pollution Icsd frou this pond is given. The stateraent indicates that

nha.k, _.n w

.,

a

e.

W 4

__ y .- - -- w-- .-

- -- r7'e ' ~ . " - - -" '

')

-- _ - - - - . - _ _ . _ _ _ - _ - - ..-

. . .

4

.

C hl *, L*T *. . : C etM '

' C s. 3 . O r , '. t u. . , ' t' n L 9 0 '' n e '. d ' u$ i(.C t 0 1:; dt: * s'-s ( .

C c D [.17 Li' t r i. .' . ' ,.1 J U. .' : i 3 T. P ' .'

Th e .|. 0 d "' ei '. " ! (! ' ' e '/[.) ..14 C riI' '.- i n .' p: ' '. 3 L - C '.c ''O i 2 *J c t s * *i '. h. -

.-

e. . . . , , , ., c.. . ..* . . . , . . , . . . . . . . 4. 6. - ., s .e .l, .i.n.=. ........,J'

.-. . . . .s, .

2 . c . . u.As e. . i g .. ...

{p ~~. . ' 'g. . . . . . . .- .. - - t.,),. .v..

. ,, - :3. . , .. ...

. .. . . s. ... .

w.

r h . uld 'c.e p re ri d :g' m 9:cpaa, J d_.'.pcar.1 -'. . cc : ure . f or fir.'- v:.rt . d

f ro.. ::. _ _ a t r.k e ' e c e c a.< ..

L'e are in gner::.1 agrc ~ . :: eith the propose. deaIc,n and operation.

of th cc.i..m mt ~.:.r . IL : 7 n rc w .,. a te t a ; n. ,.c n t adult f.i: ::

f rom b:.:in.; cuept into the cc:.dencers and ,.teps. F.ver .er 11 orgcnisns

vill b. hept cut to n: 6 0. . . . h,v * h. e.- .._....r . _. _1 1. . :...- 4 .-. . . .. . . . . __ ..o...... . . ,

:o keep the p.ar.hten. crgtn'. :.e len, Li.cn 3/S inf out of .be puops,t

so these vill no doubt be ctiept through. The extent or significence ofdamage can.iot be ascertained t this time from the ctate of knce./ ledgeav 11ab3e. To detortine the tortclity of thcs.e for:r.s requires knculedge

of dictribution, frcgility, cud lethal temperaturce for each species.

The amount of sanitary caste is estincted to be 5,100 gel /dcy.

For the indicated labor force of ?10 tien, this sticuntc to 24 ;;cl/=..n-da;:

t:hich ic. reasonable. The 5,100 311/dn-; figur: is net rencenable 1"f

construction employees are included. There vill be a large nur.:ber on

the cite with about 500 rem:1r..:r.g as 1cte as 1974. Also no estimate !.s

made of the nn:.iber of vi.-:itorn to the r.ite. .

.

,w --_, , , , --- - - _ , - - ,- -- - , - - , - m ---

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_ -. _ _ _ _ - _ _ _ _ _ _

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f.g 's.,g

t . ,. *; * r os~.1 !~'..~*.*r* *

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-- . e.s. -.'.c e. ~ .- ' . s. -

.. ...s. e-; ~ ~ . . . . - s'.*-.

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3 . "_ . O .".. . , .. . . *-* *. . . . .. s

c .. . .. . .. . ,. . .- 1.. . , . , . . , , , .. . . , .. , . . . . ,.,.- . .. . . . . . ,..

.

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.

. . . . . w.1e..

.

I,g.. .1 . , . . , . . .. . .

. ,.w, . - . .m. ,..c. ., . 6. g ,s. g ,.4 , ,. s . g.. .....,..... . . . .. .. . ,. .

,. . s o

s..'. .a te,

.. . . , - .. . . . .. . * . . .

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. . . . , . , . . . c.. . , ~~ .,. . . . ..... .e . .. . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . ..

.

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.....c.,..,... ... . . . ,

,. . ..a. . -., . , ., .,

o |.

a c c ... . . .. n c. n , : '. e - t .; _ ;. r: :.au curve 2 . ce proc: . ci .-neulo,.. . . ,

ec

zh v: hps J Icr th: er- . ..t v . _6 < ' b;. O c . < - stati n: . I::'A 'ri l l b e<

pl+a:.ad :e < ti - :- . Jer.?' .a d f ;- t e r.; > . Iec in de e?.c pir . a..:n . cal.

:;u i u.;.. : . i..... r . c . D. .: ny :b a .. ,:licca: in prep..zi g a cerpre-*

4

.

.

The Tc'O M : : ecific cr . si'ea:d b: c c nsid ar:.c ic dr elopi: .

.-l.e ocw -- , ,c e , ' c-,c::;1rr y pb i:,

1. Rcdiocetiv..- r.:m.i tering e_^ the :. anicipal unter cys ta as

which G:. . .t: f ri * tc-

',e r: a T;ive. and Lche l'acurell . Th' -

pregrw s.1:ould be designcd to c . .ble creer cc.cy protectiva actica

. to be tr.kun.

2; };ci.;cactive effluent tenitoring. Thic sctpling cnd entlyris-

progrc.- chould i::alude crocific caslysir, for thorc rcdionuelidcs

which are the mnjer dose centributors.

3. L'ater tenperature ti.onitoring. Several continuous =onitoring -

stations, in addition to those currently proposed, vill be required

to document compliance with the South Carolina unter quality.

standards..

4. Dissolved or.yr.en monitoring. This is necessary to ensure

thrit rece.4ving raters re=cin within applicable stendcrds.

5. Diological conitoring. The development of this plan will

depend en established base-line biological data and dcmonstrated

needs as determined by information generated by other cleracnts

of llc r. aiterin; : : ten.

..

.

,

-.

.

o ..

.

.

<

'l h e r.: 3 : . rin ; 10 . . .- : r. , - iv; D ie ~Jc. r ';113 5: ttalentue by'

1 i'. . . Tin- . , : i : ..- . . r a , '. c 'ic : n <_fe dr.:.. vi32 1. a ccadit".nn

.i. .. . , .. . . . ,. . . . . -. . . . . . ... . . . . . .... .. .

...

.

.

A J en . a i.. . >;; .le' :. cal eve:t 2:Jua, at lc: .: t e:;u i v:_1.. .r t,

to that de. J a:: i.al: . ., m : Lu . . e ti.r. d n c' f ~ .1:Utc.d by. ,

. . . . . - a .m, ,.4..-, , . ~ , .. . . . . .. ,.s.. . . . . . t...: .;.... , . . i. o .u 4.. . . . . ,..p

p r oc. za. 'I . . . .n <. ...ca..! .C... . _ includ. nll of LOL ' s:ce, the.

affected cyn:2; er u. . U/ cu cil, and en'. or rar,e simile.1 t.,af f e c ted

Orce.s of Lc.'.a 5:rts ::'1, r.nd Lehe .:acar.ccc in the cicinity cf th: -

urn. ed stern..e I ycree2 ec tr i.: f aci? i :.ics. St.;cini ne ter.1:r, sheuld be-

given to thn folleving arr.r.3:.

1. Tite' e: tent of use of th<: headw:. ers of !!crtuell belo.,' the

hydroelectric plant for reprod:ction of shad, uhite bnca, and

valleyc before and of ter cecration of the f icilit..--a ,

2. Temperature ret;i:.,e during arch, April, and ::a:, of the shallou

overbank avecs in the portion of the reecrvoir being effected by.

the heated discharse and the success of reproduction and survival,

of centrarchids in these sanic arecs; and

3. Ir.; n. r ni pinnhten er.trrhnent in the cooling vntere en the

ecoloty of Lt.ke Keouce.

.

.

.

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| E.1/ tr,:'.e. a : m '. i ch ._ th c . . ::lte cc:,ig,ned to rev :ral of the bcne.COs-

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probabili t.*.cO . Uc h;.va titte.*;> tad toj and.corSiderr.11dn Of cCCid^5ta

it

i. ~ conscr atively icctor thoce considerations into the cost / hen'. fit..

1. :

balaacc.

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f. The folio.'ir.2 inns hcvc cither bean c:aitted or are inedc.quately~

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! concidered in the s::aton'.cnt:4

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Potent-f r.1 Themal Ef f ects~.

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;. The treattant of thermal ef.fcets in Lake Kcowee is inadequate.*

;-i-

j. Accordingly, tre believe some of the potentini recreational fishing.

1 .

I- . benefits in thia 1che vill not be realized. Additional information

h ticuld be required front the applicant before this benefit could bei

Tullj |us!.111e). -

,,

p[

11y virtue of tlyc' pro::Ir.ity of the condenser outict to the Keotrec.

-.' Ldam', : 1t is lil:ely 'that tiv: South Cacolina discharge limite, a

ten erriture 'differenticl of 3 T. r.,y be approached or even

a

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.. -

. , . . .r . . . . . i 1 . . . . . .. -..

.

. . . .....,.t. .. . . . . sai. ., -

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-

alrec dy t.xr. si; c.ificartly jisrt vrb::' .nd it ir net a cpc .cg

e.a+.c.....

I t a,1. .r.. r u t h:. t. the J ce.ec. . ;>cuad: Ant bu dectr d a r,ar:Je-

. .

Ma "'1'> ble enf 2..C:'ni: rel r , cur.;,. r.i L..e Cus. k . % , nei..1; p>r icnc

of sor.c of the finest vild, prititive n entiin trout strente IcF t

. in l'or th and Sou:.h Carulin.., including (cr.cn; others) Horsepacture

River,gTho:pson P.iver, cad *.11tc.atcr River. The sta:ccent and|

the supplci..cnt include the fichery in the impounded iocassec as. ..

a benefit to the project af ter . subtracting out the value of the-

\cerecge of strcc- lost to impcundr.cnt, cs tlough the tuo fisheries I

were ni' equal value. In actuality, on a per-ecre bcsis, the J ake,

I

ushery has only n traction of the value of the ritiitive strca:

fisherf for trout. Although the project has gone beyond the point

at uhi:h this fichcry loss can be avoidect, the final stcterent chotJC

recognize this as an adverse impact. Sonic of the trout cater'

4tpenn:1::d ic in IMrth C:rolino. The Nerth Carclinc

*

-

_ _ _ _

_-.iMw-

.*

- rw s , . ' ' -"'-

.

Wildlife Lccevre Cert'r. tic.n i net licted es h ng been cen cetec

in regard to tho Treject. The vicus of this cgency shculd be

reficcted ir. the final ::attrent.2. Trcan;.-icnica lin: c: rte

I;o cc.,ti cratien in r:iven in the ccat/ benefit tur cry as to the

cent due to envir: nar:c1 impcet of the pe. cr tran:tissien lines er

the trst:riscica line rich:-of-wcys, although lirited censideratien

of this tctter is precented in the text. '

We cre cucr~a thct the tppli: nt has a goed record with respect to

crosica centrol, censiderstica of gare, and intelligent routing to

minimize aesthetic inpcet. Precuenbly, the trcnericcien line right-of-

ways will not affect the produerive farm land. Hcwever, since the

saalycic dcas not ccncider t'.ie inpact , ne escute the destructica of farm

1 cad and voedland in the 3000 acrc: prconpted, and an cnnual ce:t of

cpproxirately $75,000 1: invcived (using the appliccnt estimates for

the value of farm land and weedicnd in the area).

The prependerance cf " tatorents" in Table X-4 mcken an objective

evaluation very difficult. For example, the con =umptive los: of water,

can be quantified, as well as several of the items denoted " negligible".

A greater attenpt shculd have been made to qu:ntify effects. -

The dollar value benefit of drinking water uas obtcined by using the

cc.it of purchtsing water frem the Hartwell Reservoir. A superior method

would have been to use the differential costs to Seneca, Walhalla, and

Greenville between Lake Keowee wcter and alternative supplies..

.

.

e a

-- . , , _ ___ _ . . _ , -;- - - - - -

- . - - - + - - ' - ~ ~ ' - ' _ g